YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 47: Exercising in The Heat

Transkript

YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 47: Exercising in The Heat
erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 47: Exercising in The Heat
Exercise alone can be hard, but exercising in the
heat is a whole lot harder. Put simply, this is due
to the balance between how much heat the body
generates and how much it is capable of losing.
Muscles that are active during exercise demand
more energy and, consequently, increased blood
supply and delivery of oxygen. This means the
heart has to work harder to re-circulate blood to
the active muscles. Exercising muscles also
generate heat, as a by-product of chemical
reactions inside cells. This increases core body
temperature which, if not compensated for, can
compromise the ongoing function of the central
nervous system and/or muscle cells themselves.
To lose heat, blood needs to be sent to the small
arteries under the skin surface, so that heat
transfer can take place via radiation. Sweating
alone is relatively ineffective if this re-distribution
of blood does not occur concurrently. So when
exercise occurs under circumstances where heat
loss is challenged, more blood needs to be
directed to the skin at the same time as this blood
is needed in the muscles to increase workload. A
competition therefore develops between the skin
and working muscles for the limited maximal
blood flow that the heart can manage.
1.
tek başına egzersiz bile
exercising in the heat
sıcakta egzersiz yapmak
whole lot harder
çok daha zor
put simply
basitçe söylemek gerekirse
generate heat
ısı üretmek
capable of losing
demand more energy
kaybetme kapasitesine
sahip
daha fazla enerji talep
etmek
consequently
sonuç olarak
increase blood supply
artan kan ihtiyacı
delivery of oxygen
oksijen gönderimi
re-circulate blood
kanı yeniden dolaştırmak
by-product of chemical
reactions in the cell
hücredeki kimyasal
reaksiyonların yan ürünü
core body temperature
vücut ısısı
if not compensated
dengelenmezse
compromise ongoing
function
süregelen faaliyeti bozmak
central nervous system
merkezi sinir sistemi
lose heat
ısı kaybetmek
a) muscle cramps occur considerably more often
small arteries
küçük atar damarlar
b) it becomes much harder both to lose excess
heat and to ensure sufficient blod flow
under the skin surface
deri yüzeyinin altında
heat transfer via
radiation
ışınım yoluyla ısı kaybı
sweating
terleme
d) energy generation comes to a screeching halt
re-distrbution of blood
kanın yeniden dağıtımı
e) the central nervous system shuts down when
the core body temperature is above average
occur concurrently
It can be inferred from the passage that it is
far more challenging to exercise in the heat
because -----.
c) the oxygen reserves in the body get depleted
really quickly
2.
exercise alone
It can be concluded from the passage that ----.
a) the heart functions rather sluggishly as the
core body temperature rises
b) sweating is the most effective solution of the
body against heat exhaustion
c) poor blood circulation prevents the body from
cooling down while exercising
d) the body undergoes hardly any stress as a
result of physical activity in the heat
e) failure to lose heat may immediately result in
fatalities, especially among the elderly
circumstances where
heat loss is challenged
aynı anda meydana
gelmek
ısı kaybının sekteye
uğradığı durumlarda
direct to the skin
deriye yönlendirmek
increase workload
iş yükünü arttırmak
competition
rekabet, yarışma
limited maximal flow
kısıtlanmış maksimum akış
far more challenging
çok daha zorlu
muscle cramps
kas krampları
excess heat
fazla ısı
sufficient blod flow
yeterli kan akışı
Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected]
erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 47: Exercising in The Heat
Altı çizili kelimenin yerine kullanılabilecek
olan eş anlamlı kelimeyi seçiniz.
3.
Boşlukları aşağıda verilen kelimelerlenden en
uygun olanlarla doldurunuz.
Exercise alone can be hard, but exercising in
the heat is a whole lot harder.
concurrent, capable, ongoing, limited, relative
a) peculiar
b) challenging
7.
Candidates ----- of dealing with unexpected
challenges will be prioritized during the
recruitment process.
8.
Prices soar substantially when supply is -----.
9.
----- efforts by both parties ensured a possibly
long-lasting agreement, as predicted earlier.
c) straightforward
d) notable
e) persistent
4.
Sweating alone is relatively ineffective if this
re-distribution of blood does not occur
concurrently.
10. Currently ----- researches on extraterrestrial life
forms are insufficiently funded due to protests.
a) simultaneously
b) subsequently
c) formerly
generate, compensate, compromise, distribute,
compete
d) respectively
e) supposedly
5.
Muscles that are active during exercise
demand more energy and, consequently,
increased blood supply and delivery of
oxygen.
a) rather
b) otherwise
c) nonetheless
11. The latest model of iPhone is due to ----- a lot
more profit than the previous one.
12. Athletes that will ----- in the Olympic Games train
heavily in order to outperform the others.
13. Airports take strict security mesures in order not
to ----- the safety of the passengers.
14. Nothing will ever ----- for the damage caused by
abuse.
Altı çizili kelimenin zıt anlamlısını seçiniz.
d) besides
e) therefore
6.
When exercise occurs under circumstances
where heat loss is challenged, more blood
needs to be directed to the skin.
15. To lose heat, blood needs to be sent to the
small arteries under the skin surface, so that
heat transfer can take place via radiation.
a) major
b) minuscule
a) consequence
c) modest
b) coincidence
d) moderate
c) incidence
e) meager
d) jeopardy
e) resignation
Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected]
erginhoca.com – YDS Reading Vocabulary Test 47: Exercising in The Heat
Cevap Anahtarı
1) b
2) c
3) b
4) a
5) e
6) c
7) capable
8) limited
9) concurrent
10) ongoing
11) generate
12) compete
13) compromise
14) compensate
15) a
Türkçe Çeviri
Egzersiz yapmak tek başına bile zordur, fakat sıcakta
egzersiz yapmak çok daha zordur. Basitçe söylemek
gerekirse, bu vücudun ne kadar ısı ürettiği ve ne kadar
kaybedebildiği arasındaki denge yüzündendir.
Egzersiz esnasında aktif olan kaslar daha fazla enerji,
kan ve oksijen gönderimine ihtiyaç duyarlar. Bu kalbin
kanı aktif kaslara yeniden göndermek için daha sıkı
çalışmak zorunda olduğu anlamına gelir. Kasları
hareket ettirmek te hücre içerisindeki kimyasal
reaksiyonların yan ürünü olarak ısı üretirler. Bu, eğer
dengelenmezse merkezi sinir sisteminin ve/veya
kasların kendisinin devam etmekte olan faaliyetine
zarar verebilen ana vücut ısısını yükseltir. Isı
kaybetmek için, ışıma vasıtasıyla ısı transferi
meydana gelebilsin diye kan deri altındaki küçük
atardamarlara gönderilmelidir. Eğer bu kan dağıtımı
aynı anda meydana gelmezse terleme etkisizdir. Bu
yüzden ısı kaybının sekteye uğradığı durumlarda
egzersiz yapılırsa, iş yükünü arttırmak için bu kana
ihtiyaç duyulduğundan deriye aynı anda daha fazla
kan yönlendirilmelidir. Bu yüzden deri ve çalışan
kaslar arasında kalbin yönetibileceği kısıtlı maksimum
kan akışı için rekabet ortaya çıkar.
Bu kaynak sadece bireysel çalışmalar için düzenlenmiştir. İletişim: [email protected]

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