VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN TURKEY - Sexual Violence Research Initiative

NATIONAL RESEARCH ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN TURKEY:
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN TURKEY: PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE PREVALENCE
OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE
AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION
Henrica A.F.M.JANSEN, İlknur YÜKSEL, Pelin ÇAĞATAY SVRI Forum 2009, Johannesburg, South Africa, 6 ‐ 9 July 2009
“... He drinks, pardon me for saying ,
this, but he wants to have anal sex.... He tormented me very much in every way. I mean, there y y
,
were times when I got up from g
p g
bed retching like a pregnant woman.... He was such a man, f
p ,
that for example, I was to serve the meals naked. How can one p
strip and be naked at the meals while serving and eating?”
Turkey
Project structure
Beneficiary: KSGM (The General Directorate on the Status of Women)
Funding:
g EU
Implementation:
Implementation: • ICON‐INSTITUT (Germany), • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies (Turkey)
• BNB Consulting (Turkey)
Study design
• Quantitative household survey: Sample size of 24000 households, almost 13000 women, representing 12 regions. One woman 15‐59 year per household; questionnaire adapted from WHO
• Formative qualitative research: In‐
depth interviews in 3 cities and
depth interviews in 3 cities and focus groups Life time and current sexual violence by partner
Percentage of women reporting sexual violence by partner,
P
t
f
ti
l i l
b
t
by region and type of residence, Turkey 2008
Lifetime violence by husbands/partners
Percentage of women reporting physical or sexual violence by husband or partner, by type of residence, Turkey 2008
Violence by others (non‐partners)
Percentage of women reporting physical or sexual violence, by type of residence, Turkey 2008
Silence, stigma and honour
• About
About half of the women had talked half of the women had talked
about partner violence for the first time
• Majority never looked for official help
Majority never looked for official help
• Sexual violence much more taboo ‐‐ in marriage considered as marital obligation i
id d
it l bli ti
and outside marriage risking the honour of the family, with in some regions with f th f il
ith i
i
ith
risk of death for the woman
Women as property
“He
He thinks thinks ‘she
she is my legal wife,... she doesn
is my legal wife she doesn’tt have a place to go, no salary, no money, no future she has kids
future, she has kids.... , what is she to do, she what is she to do she
can’t go, no matter how much I torment her, I can do whatever I want she won’tt leave...
can do whatever I want, she won
leave ”
(44
(44 year old woman)
ld
)
A man’s perspective
“Getting
Getting a divorce is not good. I mean I can
a divorce is not good I mean I can’tt think of it, to give my wife to somebody else, my kid will call somebody else father Of
my kid will call somebody else father... Of course it shouldn’t be. I am totally against it.”
2004 : new legal context
• New Turkish Penal Code accounting for gender equality and protection of sexual and bodily li
d
i
f
l d b dil
rights of women and girls
• Progressive definitions of sexual offences; sexual harassment at the workplace is criminalized, and sentences for sexual crimes are increased. • Marital rape is criminalized p
• Non‐discrimination between virgin, non‐virgin, married and unmarried women
married and unmarried women 9 June 2009
• The European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg h
has ruled that Turkey denied a woman her "right to l d th t T k d i d
h " i ht t
life" by failing to prevent her murder by her son‐in‐
law It is the first time the court has ruled against a
law. It is the first time the court has ruled against a state for failing to protect someone from domestic violence The case was brought by the murdered
violence. The case was brought by the murdered woman's daughter, who had repeatedly told police her mother was in danger. g
• "The general and discriminatory judicial passivity in Turkey created a climate that was conducive to
Turkey created a climate that was conducive to domestic violence," the court said. Concluding remarks
• Turkey has for the first time official statistics on domestic and sexual violence important for
domestic and sexual violence, important for awareness and creation of political goodwill. • Sexual violence by partner and rape in marriage Sexual violence by partner and rape in marriage
should be not considered in isolation but are part of pattern of partner violence
pattern of partner violence
• Policy changes and legislative reforms are first steps but not enough
but not enough
• An integrated multi multi‐sectoral approach is needed among which training of implementers
needed, among which training of implementers
Violence is not acceptable !
Researchers
• Key experts: Dr. Henrica A.F.M. (Henriette) Jansen, Dr. Sunday Üner, Assoc Prof Dr Filiz Kardam
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Filiz Kardam
• Non‐key experts:
Prof. Dr. Sabahat Tezcan, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Banu Akadlı
Prof. Dr. Sabahat Tezcan, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Banu Akadlı Ergöçmen, Assist. Prof. Dr. A.Sinan Türkyılmaz, Dr. İlknur Yüksel, Dr. Yadigar Coşkun, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dr. İsmet Koç Dr Elif Yiğit
Koç, Dr. Elif Yiğit
• Project assistants:
Erhan Özdemir, Dr.Sutay Yavuz, Ayşe Abbasoğlu, Ceren
Erhan Özdemir, Dr.Sutay Yavuz, Ayşe Abbasoğlu, Ceren Gökçen. Aslı Sevin. Billur Eskioğlu
• Other HUIPS Staff:
Mehmet Ali Eryurt. Pelin Çağatay. Tuğba Adalı, Hande Tunçkanat Ahmet Adıyaman
Ahmet Tek
Alev Eriş
Aliye S. Kabal
Altan Sungur
Asena Kahveci
Asiye Bekarca
Asiye Selin Usta
Aslı Cihan
Aycihan Onuk
Ayfer Ezgi Yılmaz
Aylin Demir
Aylin Tanay
Ayşe Esin Vural
Ayşe Karakoyunlu
Ayşegül Eren
Ayşegül Kurtoğlu
Aysel Ergün
Azize Seçer
ç
Bahar Toker
Berna Şafak Zülfikar
Betül Yıldırım
Bilal Akgök
Billur Eskioğlu
Büşra
ş Beyhan
y
Buket Orbay
Burçin Kalkan
Burcu Akyol
Burcu Doğan
Burcu Özkan
Burcu Yayla
Ç. Demet Güler
Çağlar Dere
Ceren Gökçen
Çiğdem Çiçek
Çiğdem Özer
Çilem Çağla Tuna
D. Kübra Kırım
Delta Meriç Candemir
Demet Kaya
Deniz Kundakçı
Deniz Lodos
Deniz Tekindağ
Derya Kısacık
Derya Saklav
Duygu Berktaş
Duygu Çavdar
Duygu Tülüoğlu
E.Merve Önder
Eda Çakmak
Eda Özyurt
Edip Alpata
Emine Bademci
Emire Serim
Emre Yılmaz
Esengül Güneş
Esin Duygun
Esin İnce
Esra Dabağcı
ğ
Esra Eruysal
Esranur Özer
Eylül Yılmaz
Ezgi Karataş
Ezgi Şengül
Fatma Akansel
Funda Kara
Gizem Eldeniz
Gizem Erdoğan
Gönül Ekici
Gözde Işık Ekinci
Gül Ayşe Güven
Gül Gümüşdere
Gülcan Kılıç
Gülden Aydoğdu
Gülden Sayılan
Gülhan Kaya
Gülşah Şaştım
Gülşah Yücel
H.Andaç Kılıç
H.Duygu Ercan
H.Kürşat Akcan
Hakan Kılınç
Hale Nebihe Çamer
Halil Kılınç
Handan Yılmaz
Hande Tunçkanat
Havva Ş
Şik
Hazan Tuna
İlkay Sevinç Turaç
İlke Sıla Önsal
İnci Çalışkan
İrfan Alayvaz
Irmak Toker
Işıl Bayraktar
Leyla Bahtiyar
M.Anıl Kaçar
M.Cihad Öner
Mehmet Güllüpınar
Mehmet Karakaya
Mehmet Uncu
Mehtap Coşkun
Mert Eskisındı
Merve Çağşırlı
Merve Sayılganoğlu
Merve Topcu
Murat Küçük
Musa Çelik
Mustafa Akçınar
Mustafa İşlek
N.Gülçin Aksoy
N.Tuğçe Palabıyık
Nacar Demir
Nagihan İrkörücü
Neşe Ünal
Neslihan Aslan
Nevin Tenk
Nihal Serttaş
Nihan Mortaş
Nihan Yolsal
Olcay Akgül
Özge
g Bozdoğan
ğ
Özge Can Doğmuş
Özge Harnuboğlu
Özge Tığlı
Özgür Arslan
Özlem Aslan
Özlem Sönmez
Pelin Çağatay
Rahime İnan
Rengin Yıldız
Reyda Tulgar
Şafak Rüzgar Yıldız
Şebnem Emil
Seçkin Şahin
Selahattin Uluğ
Selami Topuz
THANK YOU !!!
[email protected]
http://www.ksgm.gov.tr/tdvaw/default.htm
Selda Altunöz
Selda Atmaz
Selda Deliktaş
Selma Hancı
Semahat Dicle Maybek
Semra Karataş
Serap Yılmaz
Serdar Seven
Serpil Baran Demir
Serpil Şimşek
Sevgi Doğan
Sinem Atayurt
Sultan Ateş
Suphi Öztaş
Tuğba Adalı
Tuğba Atalar
Ülkü Atik
Ümran Erbek
Yağmur
ğ
Özkan
Yasemin Cansuz
Yasemin İşlek
Yeliz Ergün
Yeşim Mutlu
Yeter Aras
Yılmaz Polat
Z. Burcu Akbaba
Zafer Kiraz
Zeynep Sarıaslan
Züleyha Demirok
Züleyha Özbaş
Zülfikar Özdoğan
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