Ankara 2012

Ankara 2012
Peygamberimizin Hayatı
İrfan YÜCEL/ Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu Eski Üyesi
Grafik & Tasarım:
Recep KAYA & Hasan YILDIRIM
Tashih:
Ali Osman PARLAK
Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı Yayınları/222
Halk Kitapları/73
Nisan 2012, Ankara
Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu’nun 08.11.1981 tarih ve 01 sayılı Kararı
Baskı:
Sistem
Tel: (0.312) 342 22 08
2011-06-Y-0003-222
ISBN: 978-975-19-0188-0
Sertifika No: 12930
© Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı
21. Baskı
Ankara - 2012
İletişim:
Dini Yayınlar Genel Müdürlüğü
Basılı Yayınlar Dairesi Başkanlığı
Üniversiteler Mah. Dumlupınar Bulvarı
No:147/A 06800 Çankaya/ANKARA
Tel: 0312 295 72 94
Faks: 0312 284 72 88
e-posta: [email protected]
Dağıtım ve Satış:
Döner Sermaye İşletme Müdürlüğü
Tel: (0.312) 295 71 53 - 295 71 56
Faks: (0.312) 285 18 54
e-posta: [email protected]
Peygamberimizin Hayatı
İrfan YÜCEL
Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu Eski Üyesi
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3. )LFkU 6DYDü×na .DW×lmas× ................................ 33
4. H×OIX·l-)XG€O &HPL\HWLQGH h\HOLùi ................... 33
,,,. +=. 08+$00(' (S.A.S·úN (9/ú/úK 'g1(0ú . 35
1. 7LFkUHW +D\kW× .................................................. 35
2. Hz +DWLFH ile (YOHQPHVL ................................. 35
3. Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s·in dRFXNODU×............... 4. Kâbe·nin 7kPLULQGH +DNHPOLùi ........................ 38
úKú1&ú.,6,0
+=08+$00('SAS·Ž13(<*$0%(5/Ž.
'(95Ž 41-43
%ú5ú1&ú%g/h0
0(..('(95Ž45
,. +=. 08+$00(' (S.A.S·úN 3(<*$0%(5 2/8û8 . 1. Hira·GDúQ]LYD ....................................................
2 úON 9DKL\ .............................................................
3. 9DUDND·n×n 6|]OHUL ............................................
,,. 1(%Í/úK 9( 5$68//h. ............................................. 50
1 úslâm·GDúONúEkGHW ............................................ 50
2 úON 0VOPDQODU ................................................. 51
a) Hz. Ali·ninúslâm·×Kabûl (WPHVL ......................... 51
b) Hz. (E€ %HNLU·in 0VOPDQ 2OPDV× .................. 52
3. $o×N 'kYHWLQ %DüODPDV× .................................... 53
4. <DN×n $NUDEDV×n×úslâma 'kYHWL ........................ 54
271
,,,.0(..( 0hû5ú./(5úNúN 0h6/h0$1/$5$ ...............
.$5û, '$95$1,û/$5, .............................................. 55
1. $OD\ YH +DNDUHW '|QHPL ....................................... 55
2 úüNHQFH G|QHPL ......................................................
a) .XUH\ü·in (E€ 7kOLE·e %DüYXUPDV× .................... b) .XUH\ü·in Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s·e %DüYXUPDV× F úON 0VOPDQODU×n *|UGNOHUL (]k YH &HIkODU .... 58
3. +DEHüLVWDQ·a +LFUHW ...............................................
a) +DEHüLVWDQ·aúON +LFUHW (GHQOHU ........................ b úNLQFL +DEHüLVWDQ +LFUHWL ................................... F) .XUH\ü (OoLOHUL ile &kIHU Aras×QGD *HoHQ ............
0Qk]DUD ..........................................................
4. Hz. Hamza YH Hz. gPHU·in 0VOPDQ 2OPDODU× ... a) Hz. Hamza·n×n 0VOPDQ 2OPDV×..................... b) Hz. gPHU·in 0VOPDQ 2OPDV× ......................... 5. 0üULNOHULQ %R\NRWúlân× ..........................................
a) 0VOPDQODU×n 0XKkVDUD\D Al×nmas× ............. b) $F×NO×*QOHU..................................................... F) %R\NRW $QODüPDV×n×n <×UW×lmas× ........................ ,9. +h=h1 <,/, (1EYYHWLQ 10. <×l× .............................. 1úNL %\N $F×(E€ 7kOLE YH Hz. +DWLFH·nin 9HIkWODU× 2. 7kLI <ROFXOXùX .........................................................
a) Hz. 3H\JDPEHU·in 7kLI·WH .DUü×lan×ü× ................. b) 0HNNH·\H '|Qü................................................
9. .$%Í/(/(5úú6/Ç0·A 'Ç9(7 9( $.$%( %Í$7/$5, . 1. .DEvOHOHULúslâm·a 'kYHW .........................................
2. $NDEH %vDWODU× .........................................................
a) $NDEH*|UüPHOHUL ...........................................
272
b) %LULQFL $NDEH %vDW× ........................................... F úNLQFL $NDEH %vDW×............................................. 81
3 úsrâ YH 0vUkF 0€FL]HVL ......................................... 83
a) Hz. 3H\JDPEHU·in 0vUkF× ................................ 83
b) 0vUkF 0€FL]HVLQH .DUü×0üULNOHULQ 7XWXPX ... 85
F) 0vUkF·GD 7HüUL K×l×nan +NPOHU ..................... 9,.
0('ú1(·<( Hú&5(7 .......................................... 88
1. 0VOPDQODU×n 0HGLQH·\H +LFUHWOHUL ..................... 88
2. Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s·in +LFUHWL .......................... a) 'kUX·n-1HGYH·nin .RUNXQo Karar× ................... b) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·in (YLQLQ 0üULNOHU ................
7DUDI×QGDQ .XüDW×lmas× ................................... F) MaùDUDGD Gizlenmesi ..................................... G) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×3HüLQGHQ 7DNLS (GHQOHU .. 3. 0HGLQH·\H 9DU×ü .................................................... a) Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s) .XED·GD ...................... b úON &XPD Namaz×YHúON +XWEH......................... F) Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s·in 0HGLQH·GH .................
.DUü×lan×ü× ....................................................... 4. +LFUHW·inúslâm 7kULKLQGHNL gQHPL......................... úKú1&ú%g/h0
0('Ž1('(95Ž101-103
,. Hú&5(7úN %ú5ú1&ú<,/, .......................................... 103
1. 0HGLQH·GH Genel 'XUXP .................................... 103
2. 0HVFLG-i Nebi·ninúQükV× ..................................... 104
3. Hâne-i 6DDGHW·inúQükV×YH 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s¶in ....
Hz. ÇLüH ile (YOHQPHVL ........................................ 105
4. 6XIIH Ashâb× ....................................................... 273
5. )DU] Namazlar×n '|UW 5HN·DW 2OPDV× .................. . (]DQ·×n 0HüUXL\HWL ................................................
. (QVkU ile 0XKkFLUOHU Aras×QGD .DUGHüOLN .............. 108
8. 0VOPDQODUOD <DK€GvOHU Aras×QGDNL 9DWDQGDüO×N ....
$QODüPDV× ............................................................ 110
. 0HGLQH·GH 0VOPDQODU×n 'XUXPX ...................... 110
a) 3XWD 7DS×F×0üULN $UDSODU .............................. 111
b) <DKXGLOHU ......................................................... 111
F) 0QkI×NODU ....................................................... 111
10
úON 1I€V 6D\×m× .............................................. 112
11
úON 6HUL\\HOHU.................................................... 113
,,. Hú&5(7úNúKú1&ú<,/, .............................................. 114
1. 6DYDüDúzin 9HULOPHVL ........................................... 114
2 úON *D]YHOHU. ......................................................... 115
3. K×ble·nin 'HùLüPHVL .............................................. 115
4. &DKü 2ùOX $EGXOODK 6HUL\\HVL YH .............................
%DWQ×Nahle 2OD\× ................................................ 5. %HGLU 6DYDü× ......................................................... a) .XUH\ü·in *|QGHUGLùi .HUYDQ .......................... b úNL 7kLIH·GHQ %LUL ............................................... 118
F úNL 7DUDI×n 'XUXPX ........................................... 120
G) 6DYDü %DüO×\RU ................................................ 121
e) 6RQXo+DNN×n %kW×la =DIHUL ............................ 122
I) %HGLU (VLUOHUL .................................................... 123
. %HQv .D\QXND <DK€GvOHULQLQ 0HGLQH·GHQ ..................
d×NDU×lmas× ........................................................... 124
. 6HYLN Gazas× ........................................................
8 úNLQFL <×OGD 'Lùer 2OD\ODU ...................................... 274
,,,.Hú&5(7úN hdh1&h <,/, ....................................... 128
1. 8KXG 6DYDü× ....................................................... 128
a) 6DYDü×n Sebebi ............................................. 128
b) Abbâs·×n 0HNWXEX ......................................... F) 3H\JDPEHU =×rh×n×*L\GLNWHQ 6RQUD .............. 130
G) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 6DYDü ']HQL .............. 130
e) 2NoXODU <HUOHULQL 7HUNHGLQFH.......................... 132
I) Hz. Hamza·n×n ûHKLG 'üPHVL ..................... 133
J) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n gOGù ûk\LDV× ............ 133
h
(E€ 6I\kQ·la Hz. gPHU Aras×QGD ....................
*HoHQ 0XKkYHUH........................................... 135
1. 8KXG 6DYDü×QGD ho 6DIKD ................................. 2. +DPUk·l-(VHG *D]YHVL ..................................... 3 +LFUHWLQhoQF <×O×QGD 'Lùer 2OD\ODU ............... a) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n Hz. +DIVD YH +X]H\PH .....
K×z×=H\QHE·le (YOHQPHVL .............................. b) Hz. 2VPDQ·×n 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n K×z×.............
hPP *OVP ile (YOHQPHVL ........................ ,9. Hú&5(7úN 'g5'h1&h <,/, ................................. 140
1. 5DFL·2OD\× ..................................................... 140
2. Maûne .X\XVX )kFLDV×.................................. 141
3. 1DGvU 2ùXOODU×*D]YHVL .................................. 142
4. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n Hz. hPP Seleme ile ........
(YOHQPHVL...................................................... 144
5 úoNL YH .XPDU×n Haram K×l×nmas×.................. 145
9. Hú&5(7úN %(ûú1&ú<,/, ......................................... 1. %HQv 0XVWDO×N (0UH\VL) *D]YHVL ....................... 2. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n &YH\UL\H ile (YOHQPHVL ... 3. 7H\HPPPQ 0HüUX K×l×nmas× .......................... 148
275
4 úINúIWLUD) 2OD\× ......................................................
5. +HQGHN 6DYDü× .....................................................
a) <DK€GvOHULQ 0üULNOHUOHúüELUOLùi ........................ 150
b) 0HGLQH dHYUHVLQH +HQGHN Kaz×lmas× ............. 151
F) 0üULNOHULQ 0HGLQH·\L .XüDWPDV×..................... 152
G) S×N×QW×l×*QOHU ................................................ 152
e) Harb +LOHGLU ..................................................... 154
I) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 'XkV×YH .XüDWPDQ×n .........
6RQD (UPHVL.................................................... 155
. .XUH\]DRùXOODU×*D]YHVL ......................................
a) 6DYDü×n Sebebi ...............................................
b) %HQL .XUH\]D·\D 9HULOHQ &H]k ......................... 158
. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n &DKü K×z×=H\QHE·le ................
(YOHQPHVL .............................................................
9,. Hú&5(7úN $/7,1&, <,/, ........................................ 1. +XGH\EL\H %DU×ü× ............................................... a) 0VOPDQODU×n Kâbe·\L =L\kUHW $U]XVX .......... b) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 5\kV× ......................... F) 0HNNH·lilerin 7HSNLVL ...................................... G) %DU×ü 0]DNHUHOHUL ........................................ 2. 5×GYDQ %vDW× ....................................................... a) %DU×ü ûDUWODU× ................................................. b) %DU×ü $QODüPDV×n×n <D]×lmas× ....................... F) Ashab×n h]QWV ......................................... G) +XGH\EL\H %DU×ü×Asl×QGD =DIHUGL .................. e) %DU×ü ûDUWODU×n×n 0VOPDQODU /HKLQH
'|QPHVL ....................................................... 3. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n hPP Habibe\le
(YOHQPHVL .......................................................... 276
9,,. Hú&5(7úN <('ú1&ú<,/, ...................................... 1. úslâma 'kYHWúoLQ (OoLOHU *|QGHULOPHVL ............... (OoLOHU YH *|QGHULOGLNOHUL +NPGDUODU ............... 2. Hz. 3H\JDPEHU (s.a.s·×n +NPGDUODUD
<D]G×UG×ù×0HNWXSODU .......................................... a) %L]DQV .D\VHUL·ne J|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS ........... b úran Kisrâ·s×na *|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS ................ F) +DEHüLVWDQ 1HFküL·sine *|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS . 5DVXOXOODK (s.a.s·e +DEHü 1HFküLVLQLQ
0HNWXEX ............................................................ 180
G) M×s×r 0HOLNL 0XNDYN×s·a *|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS . 180
5DVXOXOODK (s.a.s·e M×s×r 0XNDYN×s×n×n
0HNWXEX ............................................................. 180
e) <HPkPH (PLUL +HY]H·\H *|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS .... 181
I) Gassân (PvUL Hâris·e *|QGHULOHQ 0HNWXS ..... 182
3. +D\EHU·in )HWKL ................................................... 182
a) 6DYDü×n Sebebi ............................................. 182
b) +D\EHU·in .XüDW×lmas× ................................... 183
F) 6RQ Kale YH )HWKLQ 7DPDPODQPDV× .............. 184
G) +D\EHU Arâzisi ............................................... 185
e) Hz. 3H\JHPEHU (s.a.s·i =HKLUOHPH
7HüHEEV ..................................................... 185
4. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n Hz. 6DIL\\H ile ........................
(YOHQPHVL ........................................................... 5. )HGHN YH 9DGL·l-.XU·ân·×n Al×nmas×..................... . +DEHüLVWDQ *|oPHQOHULQLQ '|Qü .................... 188
. Kâbe·\L =L\kUHW (8PUHW·l Kazâ) ......................... 188
a) %LU <×l gQFH (Gk (GLOHPH\HQ 8PUH .............. 188
b) Kazâ 8PUHVLQLQ 0HNNH·liler h]HULQGHNL
7HVLUOHUL. ......................................................... 277
8. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 0H\P€QH ile (YOHQPHVL. ... 7H\]H$QQH<HULQGHGLU ........................................ 9,,,. Hú&5(7úN 6(.ú=ú1&ú<,/, ................................ 1. 0€WH 6DYDü× ....................................................... a
6DYDü×n Sebebi ............................................ b úNL 7DUDI×n 'XUXPX YH $UDGDNL (üLWVL]OLN ........ F) .RPXWDQODU S×ra ile ûHKkGHW ûHUEHWLQLúoWLOHU G) +kOLG b. 9HOvG·in hVWQ 0HKkUHWL .................... e) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 0HGLQH·GHQ 6DYDü×
6H\UHWPHVL .................................................... 2. =DW·s-Selâsil (Selâsil 6X\X) 6DYDü×................... 3. 0HNNH·nin )HWKL .................................................. a) +XGH\EL\H %DU×ü×n×n %R]XOPDV× .................... b) .XUH\ü·in %DU×ü×<HQLOHPH 7HüHEEV ........... 200
F) )HWLK Haz×rl×ù× ................................................ 202
G) (E€ %HOWHD 2ùOX +kWLE·in .XUH\ü·e
<D]G×ù×0HNWXS ............................................. 202
e) 0HNNH·\H <U\ü ......................................... 203
I) 0HNNH·\H *LULü............................................... J) Kâbe·nin 3XWODUGDQ 7HPL]OHQPHVL ................. 208
h) )HWLK +XWEHVL YH Genel $I ............................. × 0HNNH +DON×n×n %vDW× ..................................... 212
M) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s¶×n (QVDU×n (QGLüHVLQL
*LGHUPHVL ...................................................... 212
4. +XQH\Q *D]YHVL ................................................. 213
a) 6DYDü×n Sebebi ............................................. 213
b 'üPDQ h]HULQH <U\ü ............................. 214
278
F) 3XVX\D 'üQFH ........................................... 214
G) 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 0HWkQHWL YH
'üPDQ×n +H]vPHWL....................................... 215
5. (YWDV 6DYDü× ...................................................... . 7kLI 0XKkVDUDV× ................................................. . (VLUOHU YH *DQvPHWOHU ......................................... a) (VLUOHULQ 6HUEHVW %×UDN×lmas× ......................... b) *DQvPHWOHULQ 7DNVLPL ..................................... 221
F) 0HOOHIH-i .XO€E ............................................ 222
G) (QVkU·GDQ %LU K×s×m *HQoOHULQ <DN×ü×NV×z
6|]OHUL ........................................................... 223
e) &L·râne 8PUHVL YH 0HGLQH·\H '|Qü ............. 225
,;.
Hú&5(7úN '2.8=81&8 <,/, ........................... (OoLOHU <×l×6HQHW·l-9I€G) ................................ 1HFUDQ+H\HWL .................................................... ûkLU Kâb·×núslâm×.DE€O ................................... 228
+kWHP 7kL·nin K×z× .............................................. 7HEN *D]YHVL .................................................... a) *D]YHQLQ Sebebi ........................................... 230
b) 6HIHU Haz×rl×ù× ............................................... 230
F) 0QkI×NODU×n 7XWXPX ..................................... 233
G) 7HEN·WHQ '|Qü ........................................... 234
e) 0HVFLG-i 'LUkU·×n <DNW×r×lmas× ........................ 234
I) 0HGLQH·\H *LULü ............................................. 235
J) 6HIHUH .DW×ODPD\DQODU×n 'XUXPX .................. 235
5. Hz. (E€ %HNLU·in +DF (PLUOLùi ............................. 1.
2.
3.
4.
;. Hú&5(7úN 2181&8 <,/, ....................................... 1. 3H\JDPEHULPL]LQ 2ùOXúbrâhim·in gOP ........... 2. 9HGk +DFF× ......................................................... 240
3. 9HGk +XWEHVL ...................................................... 243
279
;,.
Hú&5(7úN 21%ú5ú1&ú<,/,2/$</$5, ............. 248
1. 0VOPDQO×ù×n $UDELVWDQGD <D\×lmas×YH 'LQLQ ......
7DPDPODQPDV× ................................................... 248
2. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·in +DVWDODQPDV×YHúUWLKkOL ... a) 6RQ +XWEHVL................................................... 251
b) Hz. (E€ %HNLU·iúmâml×ùa 9HNLO (WPHVL .......... 253
F) 6RQ 7DYVL\HOHUL .............................................. 254
G úUWLKkOL............................................................. 255
3. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 9HIkW×n×n Ashâb
h]HULQGHNL 7HVLUL ................................................. 4. Hz. (E€ %HNLU·×n +DOLIH 6HoLOPHVL ....................... 5. 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 7HFKL]L YH 'HIQL................. 258
. &DKü 2ùOX $EGXOODK 6HUL\\HVL YH
5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n 7HULNHVL (Mirâs× ................ . 5DV€OOODK (s.a.s·×n hVWQ $KOkN× ..................... .$<1$./$5 ............................................................... údú1'(.ú/(5 .............................................................. 280