Siberian Yupik Plant and Animal Names

Transkript

Sibirya Yupikçesi Bitki ve Hayvan Adları
Siberian Yupik Plant and Animal Names
✎
Ümüt Çınar
Mayıs 2012
KEÇİÖREN / ANKARA
Turkey
Kmoksy
birinci baskı
www.kmoksy.com
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 1
Sibirya Yupikçesi Bitki ve Hayvan Adları ÜMÜT ÇINAR Siberian Yupik Plant and Animal Names
The re-designed images or collages (mostly taken from the Wikipedia) are
not copyrighted and may be freely used for any purpose
Siberian Yupik (ess)-speaking Area
Animalia (animals «» hayvanlar)
animal «» hayvan
teghigaq
тыӷигаӄ
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Mammalia (mammals «» memeliler)
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marine mammals, sea mammals «» deniz memelileri
???
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Phocoena phocoena
harbor porpoise «» musur
aghvetuq (sg)
“arvetuq” (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Delphinus delphis
common dolphin «» yunus
aghvetuq (sg)
“arvetuq” (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Sayfa 2
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general name
whale «» balina
aghveq (sg) aghveghet (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006)
аӷ ыӄ
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Delphinapterus leucas
beluga, beluga whale, belukha, white whale «» beyaz balina
puugzaq (sg) (Badten 1971, Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011)
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Orcinus orca
killer whale «» katil balina
mesungesak (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Physeter macrocephalus, Physeter catodon
sperm whale «» ispermeçet balinası
qipughaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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filter-feeder system inside the mouths of Mysticeti
balen, whalebone «» balina çubuğu, balina tarağı
suuqaq (sg)
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Balaena mysticetus
bowhead whale, bowhead (locally: black whale) «» Grönland balinası
aghvepik (sg) aghvepiget (pl) [lit. “genuine/real whale”] (Childers 2011)
“arvepik” (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Balaenoptera acutorostrata
minke whale, common minke whale, northern minke whale «» bayağı minke balinası
qungvughaq (sg) qungvughaat (pl) (Nielsen 2006)
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Balaenoptera physalus
fin whale, finback whale, razorback, common rorqual «» fin balinası, çatal kuyruklu balina
manulek (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
puyughqeghqaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 3
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Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale «» kambur balina
qupugaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Pinnipedia
seals «» foklar, yüzgeçayaklılar
neghsaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Odobenus rosmarus divergens
walrus (subspecies: Pacific walrus) «» mors
ayveq (sg) ayveghet (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011)
migligrungiq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
enormous male walrus «»
???
walrus on ice «»
???
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Erignathus barbatus
bearded seal «» sakallı fok
maklak (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011)
makllak ~ maqllak (Rubtsova 1940s)
makislak (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
bull bearded seal which is "singing" under water, large male bearded seal giving its mating call,
bearded seal in rut «» çiftleşme döneminde böğüren iri erkek sakallı fok
???
young bearded seal «» sakallı fok yavrusu
teghigluk (sg) (Georgette 1998)
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{?} Phoca vitulina
harbor seal, common seal «» liman foku
qazighyaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
uughqu (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Sayfa 4
Phoca largha
spotted seal «» benekli fok
gazigyaq (sg) (Georgette 1998 [as qasigyaq], Childers 2011)
adolescent (two-year-old) spotted seal «» genç (ergin, iki yaşında) benekli fok
???
one-year-old spotted seal «» bir yaşında benekli fok
???
spotted seal pup, baby spotted seal «» [yenidoğan] benekli fok yavrusu
???
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Histriophoca fasciata, Phoca fasciata
ribbon seal «»
kukupak (sg) kukupaget (pl) (Georgette 1998, Childers 2011)
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Pusa hispida, Phoca hispida
ringed seal, ring seal, long haired ring seal, hair seal, winter seal, regular seal «»
nazighaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011)
neghsapik (sg) [lit. “genuine/real seal”] (Georgette 1998, Nielsen 2006)
male ringed seal (locally: gasoline seal Georgette 1998); ringed seals with rotten faces «»
tegak (Georgette 1998)
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Eumetopias jubatus
Steller's sea lion (locally: sea lion) «» deniz aslanı
ulghaaq (sg) (Georgette 1998, Nielsen 2006)
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Callorhinus ursinus
northern fur seal «» Kuzey deniz ayısı
???
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 5
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terrestrial mammals, land mammals «» kara memelileri
???
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game animals (black bear, moose) «»
???
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furbearers, fur-bearing animal (beaver, otter, muskrat, mink, red fox…) «» kürklük av
hayvanı
???
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A mammoth tusk with carvings of scenes on the Yukon River, 19th century, Eskimo, Yukon, Alaska. On
display at the De Young Museum in San Francisco. 34430 (< Wikipedia)
Mammuthus primigenius
woolly mammoth, tundra mammoth «» tüylü mamut
kamagrita (< Çukçice / Chukchi) (Nielsen 2006)
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Rangifer tarandus granti, Rangifer tarandus stonei
caribou, wild caribou, “wild deer” (literal translation from Russian name in Rubtsova 1940s) (stonei:
Alaskan caribou, Stone's caribou) «» yabani rengeyiği
tungtu (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s, Badten 1971)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 6
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Rangifer tarandus tarandus
reindeer, tamed reindeer, domestic reindeer, domesticated reindeer, semidomestic caribou «» evcil
rengeyiği
quyngiq (sg) quyngiit (pl) (< Çukçice / Chukchee ӄораӈы / qorange) (Badten 1971, Nielsen 2006)
qerenga (Nielsen 2006)
male domestic reindeer «»
səmŋa (sg) (< Çukçice / Chukchee)
reindeer fawn «» rengeyiği yavrusu
???
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Alces alces gigas
moose (subspecies: Alaska moose) «» sığın
tungtuvak (sg) [lit. “big caribou”] (Nielsen 2006)
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Ovis aries
sheep «» koyun
penniiq (Nielsen 2006)
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Equus ferus caballus
horse «» at
???
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Ursus arctos
brown bear «» boz ayı
kaynga (sg) kayngek (dual) kaynget (pl) (< Çukçice / Chukchee) (Rubtsova 1940s, Badten 1971,
Nielsen 2006)
кайӈа (sg) кайӈык (dual) кайӈыт (pl)
big brown bear «» büyük boz ayı
kayngeghllak (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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Ursus maritimus
Polar bear«» Kutup ayısı
nanuq (sg) nanuk (dual) nanut (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006, Bssd)
big Polar bear «» büyük Kutup ayısı
nanughllak (sg) nanughllagek (dual) nanughllaget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 7
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Canis lupus
gray wolf (locally: wolf) «» kurt, boz kurt
amaa (sg) amaak (dual) (Rubtsova 1940s, Jacobson 1979, Nielsen 2006)
big wolf «» büyük kurt
amaghllak (sg) amaghllagek (dual) amaghllaget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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Canis lupus familiaris
dog «» köpek, it
qikmiq (sg) qikmik (dual) qikmit (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Badten 1971, Nielsen 2006, Bssd)
qiqmiq (sg) qiqmik (dual) qiqmit (pl)
qikmigh (sg) (Jacobson 1979)
puppy «» it eniği, köpek yavrusu
qikmighaq (sg)
qiqmighaq (sg)
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Vulpes vulpes
red fox «» kızıl tilki
kaviq (sg) kaviighet (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
silver fox «» gümüş tilki
yimarga (sg) [metinde yalnızca bir kere geçiyor / only once in the text] (Rubtsova 1940s [as sivler foxes])
yilarget (pl) [metinde yalnızca bir kere geçiyor / only once in the text] (Rubtsova 1940s [as blue foxes])
domesticated silver fox (or Siberian fox) is a melanistic form of red fox (Vulpes vulpes):
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 8
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Vulpes lagopus, Alopex lagopus
arctic fox, white fox, polar fox, snow fox «» kutup tilkisi
qatelghi (sg) qatelghit (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
white fox«» beyaz tilki
qatelghi
blue fox (whose coat can appear blue during seasonal changes ) «» mavi tilki
{?} qenghaghtu (Rubtsova 1940s [as blue Arctic fox and kenghaghtu-], Nielsen 2006 [as Arctic fox
Alopex lagopus])
{?} tenuupa (Rubtsova 1940s [as blue Arctic fox], Nielsen 2006 [as Arctic fox Alopex lagopus])
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Lontra canadensis, Lutra canadensis
North American river otter, river otter, land otter (locally) «» Kuzey Amerika su samuru
pightughseghat (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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Mustela erminea
stoat, short-tailed weasel (locally: weasel) «» kakım
amiklluk (sg) amiklluget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s [as ermine])
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Gulo gulo luscus
wolverine, wolverene «» Kutup porsuğu
qafsik (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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Ondatra zibethicus
muskrat «» misk sıçanı
???
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Microtus oeconomus innuitus
St. Lawrence Island tundra vole «»
afsengaq (sg) afsengaat (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s [as mouse], Nielsen 2006 [as Mouse])
afsengagh (sg) afsengaat (pl) (Jacobson 1979 [as vole, mouse & mice])
§
Joseph G. Jorgensen 1990, Oil Age Eskimos: St. Lawrence Island hosts few land mammals. The principal species are the tundra v ole
(Microtus oeconomus innuitus) and the arctic fox subspecies (Alopex lagopus lagopus), which is the major influent and feasts on the voles.
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“Dicrostonyx exsul” (synonym of Dicrostonyx nelsoni)
St. Lawrence Island collared lemming (D. exsul), Nelson's collared lemming (D. nelsoni) «» lemming
vuveltu (Nielsen 2006)
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Sayfa 9
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Castor canadensis
North American Beaver (locally or simply: beaver) «» Kuzey Amerika kunduzu
paluughtaq (sg) palughtat (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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Spermophilus parryii, Urocitellus parryii, Citellus parryi subsp. tshuktschorum,
Citellus undulatus subsp. coriakorum, Citellus eversmanni subsp. janensis
arctic ground squirrel (locally: parky squirrel, parka squirrel, squirrel) «» Kutup gelengisi
sikik (sg) sikiget (pl) (Badten 1971)
sikiiget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s [ as gophers])
sikiiggaq (Bssd)
сикӣхақ
§ IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: In Eurasia distributed in NE Siberia, from Lena River, Verhoyanskoe and Kolymskoe Highlands, Chukotka, and Kamchatka. From Kolyma River
to Arctic and Pacific Oceans; in south range does not reach Magadan (Gromov and Erbaeva, 1995). According to Serdyuk (1986) current area of occupancy is above 2 million sq. km, but it
distributed sporadically and inhabited zones interchange with wide uninhabited places. There is a big isolated population at western border of the range, in Lena River Basin (Panteleev,
1998). In Yakutia here are two isolated populations: on Yana River, and on headstream of Indigirka River (Vinokurov et al., 1982). The range is expanding (Serdyuk, 1986). In North
America, from Alaska east to west of Hudson Bay and south to central British Columbia and extreme northern Manitoba.
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Lepus sp.
ukazig (sg) ukazit (pl) (Badten 1971 [as rabbit], Nielsen 2006 [as Arctic hare Lepus arcticus])
ка иӄ (sg)
ukayiq (sg) ukayit (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s [as hare])
{?} Lepus othus
tundra hare, arctic hare (but true arctic hare is L. arcticus and it's not live in Alaska) (locally: hare,
jackrabbit or jack rabbit) «» tundra tavşanı
{?}Lepus americanus
snowshoe hare, snowshoe rabbit (locally: rabbit) «»
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Sorex jacksoni
St. Lawrence Island shrew «»
???
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 10
Aves (birds «» kuşlar)
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bird «» kuş
qawaak (sg) qawaaget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006)
ӄа ак
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egg, bird's egg «» yumurta
???
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wing, bird's wing «» kanat
???
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feather «» tüy
melqu (sg) (Badten 1971)
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tail feather of bird «» kuyruk tüyü
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
bird breast «»
qateg (sg) (Cup'igDict)
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beak, bill «» gaga
???
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nest «» yuva
???
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to molt «» tüy dökmek
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 11
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Anas platyrhynchos
mallard, malard duck, wild duck «» yaban ördeği
???
§ Lehman 2011: Casual visitor. The only definite fall records are of three individuals 14 Sep 2000 (G. Rosenberg in litt.) and one on 22 Aug
2006. The species is also casual in spring (NAB 60:420). A small number of birds were reportedly harvested by residents somewhere on SLI
sometime between Nov 1995 and Oct 1996 (Kawerak and ADFG 1997).
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Anas acuta
pintail, pintail duck, northern pintail, pointed duck «» kılkuyruk
???
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Aythya marila
greater scaup, broad-billed duck, bluebill «» karabaş pakta
???
§ Lehman 2011: Casual visitor. The only fall records are of single birds that probably over-summered locally from 16 Aug–3 Oct 2004 (ph.
UAM) and from 21 Aug–24 Sep 2009 (ph. UAM), and one migrant past the point on 26 Sep 2005, two there 24 Sep 2010, and one on 28 Sep
2010. One was at Savoonga 26 Sep 2011 and 2 were there 30 Sep 2011. A late specimen was taken west of Savoonga 28 Oct 1935 (Murie
1936). This species is uncommon in spring.
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Aythya affinis
lesser scaup, little bluebill, broadbill «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Accidental. Two birds on Troutman Lake 4 Sep 2005 (ph. NAB 60:120, UAM) represent the first or second record for SLI
and the offshore northern Bering Sea. This species nests west to central Alaska and is a very rare visitor on the Seward Peninsula (Kessel
1989).
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Somateria mollissima
common eider, white-backed eider «» pufla ördeği
metghaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011, Slwooko)
qatepak (Nielsen 2006)
female common eider «» dişi pufla ördeği
metghaq
male common eider «» erkek pufla ördeği
qatepak (sg) qatepaget (pl)
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Somateria spectabilis
king eider «»
qengalek (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Childers 2011)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 12
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Somateria fischeri
spectacled eider «»
iyegaatelek (Childers 2011)
iivghaaq (Nielsen 2006)
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Polysticta stelleri
Steller's eider «»
aglekesagaq (Nielsen 2006)
aglekesegaq (Slwooko)
aglekesegak
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Histrionicus histrionicus
harlequin duck «»
???
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Melanitta americana, Melanitta nigra americana
black scoter, American scoter «» Amerika kara ördeği
???
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Melanitta deglandi, Melanitta fusca deglandi
white-winged scoter «»
???
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Clangula hyemalis
long-tailed duck, oldsquaw duck, oldsquaw «» telkuyruk
aahaangwliq (Nielsen 2006)
kangghwaak (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
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Bucephala clangula clangula
common goldeneye, American goldeneye «» altıngöz
???
§ Lehman 2011: Casual visitor.
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Mergus serrator
red-breasted merganser «» tarakdiş
iikaaq (Nielsen 2006)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 13
§ Lehman 2011: Uncommon migrant.
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Mergus merganser americanus
common merganser (in America), goosander (in Britain) «» büyük tarakdi
???
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Anser albifrons
white-fronted goose, greater white-fronted goose, specklebelly, freckle breast (locally Elim, Paige
1996), yellow-foot (locally Elim, Paige 1966), yellow-legged goose (Curtis 1930) «» sakarca
???
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Chen caerulescens, Anser caerulescens
snow goose (subspecies: lesser snow goose) «» kar kazı
kaangu (sg) kaangut (pl) (Nielsen 2006, Bssd)
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Chen canagica, Philacte canagica, Anser canagicus
emperor goose «»
leghlleq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
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Branta bernicla nigricans
black brant, Pacific black brant, Pacific brant, brant goose «» yosun kazı
teghqilkak (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
taghqilkak (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Branta canadensis
Canada goose (American Ornithologists' Union), Canadian goose, big Canada goose (in America),
greater Canada goose (in Britain), lesser Canada goose (in America for subspecies: Branta canadensis
parvipes) «» Kanada kazı
{?} qefteq (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as Canada goose Branta canadensis])
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Branta hutchinsii
cackling goose (American Ornithologists' Union), cackling Canada goose, cackler (locally), little
Canada goose (in America), small Canada goose (in America), lesser Canada goose (in Britain) «»
see above
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 14
Cygnus columbianus, Olor columbianus [subspecies: C. c. columbianus]
tundra swan, whistling swan (locally: swan) «» tundra kuğusu, kuğu
quuk (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Curtis 1930, Slwooko)
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Grus canadensis
sandhill crane (locally: crane) «» Kanada turnası
satelgaq (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s [as crane])
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Lagopus lagopus [subspecies: L. l. alascensis]
willow ptarmigan, Alaskan willow ptarmigan «» bayağı kar kekliği
aqergiiq (sg) (Jacobson 1979 [as ptarmigan], Slwooko)
ptarmigan chick «» kar kekliği yavrusu
???
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Lagopus muta
rock ptarmigan, mountain ptarmigan (locally White Mountain, Paige 1996) «» dağ kar kekliği, kar
tavuğu
aqergiiq (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as Rock ptarmigan Lagopus mutus])
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Podiceps auritus
horned grebe «» kulaklı batağan
???
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Podiceps grisegena
red-necked grebe «» kızılboyunlu batağan
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Gavia immer
common loon or great northern loon (America), great northern diver (Britain) «» buz dalgıcı
yuwayu (sg) yuwaayuk (dual) (Rubtsova 1940s, Badten 1971)
ю аю
yugayu (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as common loon Gavia immer & razorbill Alca torda], Slwooko)
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Gavia adamsii
yellow-billed loon (America), white-billed diver (Britain) «» sarı gagalı dalgıç
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 15
§ Lehman 2011: Uncommon to fairly common migrant.
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Gavia stellata
red-throated loon (America), red-throated diver (Britain) «» kızılgerdanlı dalgıç
eghqaaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
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Gavia pacifica (formerly: Gavia arctica pacifica)
Pacific loon (America), Pacific diver (Britain) «» Pasifik dalgıcı
???
§ Lehman 2011: Fairly common migrant early in season, becoming common by mid-September. Through early or mid- September daily
counts were usually <10, but after that they increased to up to about 100–125 per day, with maxima of 215 on 1 Oct 2006,
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Gavia arctica
arctic loon or black-throated loon (America), black-throated diver (Britain) «» karagerdanlı dalgıç
???
§ Lehman 2011: Rare migrant.
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Alle alle
little auk, dovekie «»
quqiiq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
§ Lehman 2011: Very rare fall visitor.
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Uria aalge
common murre, common guillemot, thin-billed murre «»
alpa (sg) (Badten 1971, Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor through early September, uncommon to rare thereafter.
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Uria lomvia
thick-billed murre «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor through early September, uncommon to rare thereafter.
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Cepphus grylle
black guillemot «»
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 16
§ Lehman 2011: Rare visitor
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Cepphus columba
pigeon guillemot «»
samseghhaghaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
§ Lehman 2011: Common breeder and visitor.
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Brachyramphus marmoratus
marbled murrelet «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Brachyramphus brevirostris
Kittlitz's murrelet «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Rare visitor.
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Synthliboramphus antiquus
ancient murrelet «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Uncommon visitor.
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Aethia psittacula
parakeet auklet «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Common to abundant breeder and visitor through late August, uncommon to rare through early October.
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Aethia pusilla
least auklet «»
{?} akmaliighaq (sg) (Slwooko [as is a cousin to an auklet])
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor.
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Aethia cristatella
crested auklet «»
sukilpaq (Slwooko)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 17
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor.
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Cerorhinca monocerata
rhinoceros auklet, rhinoceros puffin «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Accidental.
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Fratercula corniculata
horned puffin «»
{?} quprughaq see below
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor through early September; common to uncommon through early October. Large numbers nest on SLI (Fay and Cade 1959), with estimates of
5000 birds in 1996 and 1997 (USF&WS 2003, unpubl. data). This estimate appears to have been low, and the breeding population on Sevuokuk Mountain increased visibly over the past
decade. The breeding population on the Chukotskiy Peninsula, 1983–1991, was estimated at 45,000 individuals (Konyukhov et al. 1998). Counts often reached up to 5500 per day, with
7000 estimated on 4 Sep 2009. Numbers of birds at Gambell typically did not begin to decline until later in September: the two puffin species are the last alcids to fledge young, and
moderate numbers of birds may be seen some years into late September flying past the point, many still carrying fish. In late September, daily maxima were often of 10–50 birds. In 2002,
2003, and 2004, many alcids appeared to fledge early, and few Horned Puffins were seen after mid-Sep. Years with later nesting see more birds lingering later in the season, such as in
2006, when 100–250 birds were seen daily through the end of the month. During most years, only a small number of immatures and birds in nonbreeding plumage were seen from the point.
Recorded through 13 Oct (2010). One was in the Bering Strait area 18 Oct 1970 (Watson and Divoky 1972), and two were in Kotzebue Sound 28 Oct 1984 (Kessel 1989). This species
winters north to the Pribilof Islands region (Kessel 1989).
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Fratercula cirrhata, Lunda cirrhata
tufted puffin, crested puffin «»
pagrugaq (sg) (Badten 1971 [as puffin], Nielsen 2006 [as Puffin Fratercula arctica], Slwooko)
pagruugaq (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s [as puffi46 / 46 Puffi bird (Lunda cirrhata), in Russian toporok])
quprughaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as Puffin Fratercula arctica], Slwooko)
§ Lehman 2011: Abundant breeder and visitor through early September, common to uncommon through early October. Large numbers nest on the island (Fay and Cade 1959), with
estimates of 8200 birds in 1996 and 1997 (USF&WS 2003, unpubl. data). The total population nesting on the Chukotskiy Peninsula, 1983–1991, was estimated at 30,000-35,000
individuals (Konyukhov et al. 1998). Numbers at Gambell stayed fairly constant from mid-August until early or mid-September. Most daily maxima were in the 250–1000 range, with 3000
on both 10 Sep 2001 and 15 Aug 2004, but only 50–300/day during several years (e.g., 2011). From mid- to late September, daily counts typically ranged between 10 and 50 birds but went
down to zero as well, particularly if the nesting season was early, as it was in 2002, 2003, and 2004. Years with later nesting see more birds lingering later in the season, such as in 2006,
when 25–75 birds were seen daily through late in the month, many still carrying fish. During most years, only a few immatures and birds in nonbreeding plumage were seen from the point,
although 20 such individuals were counted 25 Aug 2004. Recorded through 11 Oct (2011) and 14 Oct (2010; one bird carrying fish). In 1931 this species lingered near Provideniya “until
the bay froze” (Portenko 1989). Most Tufted Puffins from the Bering Sea winter in the North Pacific, with small numbers as far north as the southern Bering Sea (Kessel 1989).
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Laridae spp.
gull «» martı
naghuya (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
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Larus hyperboreus
glaucous gull «» Kutup martısı
naghuyapik (sg) [lit. “genuine/real gull”] (Nielsen 2006)
§ Lehman 2011: Fairly common visitor.
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Xema sabini
Sabine's gull «»
nasallenguq [< nasaq "hood"] (Nielsen 2006)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 18
§ Lehman 2011: Rare and somewhat irregular migrant.
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Pagophila eburnea
ivory gull «» fildişi martı
kurugiiq (Nielsen 2006)
§ Lehman 2011: No fall records. Local residents reported that this species does not arrive until the pack ice forms and hunters kill seals on the nearby floes, usually during winter and
spring. It has declined in recent years during late spring, when it formerly occurred somewhat regularly through late May, occasionally to early June (J. L. Dunn in litt.); it is now found
more irregularly after early or mid- May, depending on the presence or absence of sea ice.
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Rissa tridactyla
black-legged kittiwake «»
qaqsungiq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko [as qaqgungiq])
§ Lehman 2011: Common to abundant breeder and visitor. This species breeds in large numbers on the island’s sea-cliffs (Fay and Cade 1959), and in 1996 and 1997 the nesting population
was estimated at 47,000 birds (USF&WS 2003, unpubl. data); an additional ca. 60,000 nesting birds were estimated on the Chukotskiy Peninsula, 1983–1991 (Konyukhov et al. 1998). For
much of the fall, daily counts at Gambell ranged from 1000 to 3000, with occasional counts of up to 4000, and a few over 5000. About 1% to 5% of the birds were one- and two-year-olds.
In 2011, numbers were depressed early in the season, with fewer than 200/day on most days. The first juveniles did not usually appear off the point until early September (earliest arrival 29
Aug 2010), but not until 19 Sep in 2009 and on 20 Sep in 2011. The species was still very common in early October; in fact, m any of the largest counts came from this part of the season,
including several days with 10,000 birds, 20,000 on 3 Oct 2003, and 30,000 on 2 Oct 2004. Overall numbers after 2005 declined , and high counts typically have not exceeded about 3000
birds. Ehrlich et al. (1993) noted that it was a “boom-and-bust species mainly with abundance of sand lance and other fish and invertebrates.” In 2010, up to 750/day were present throu gh
14 Oct, with 1700 on 11 Oct; in 2011, ca. 1000 (mostly juveniles) remained 23–31 Oct. At Savoonga, ca. 16,400 were seen 26 Sep 2011, and up to 10,000 were in the Akeftapak Bay area
30 Sep 2011. The species was common in the Bering Strait area on 18 Oct 1970 (Watson and Divoky 1972). Late departure dates are unknown, although numbers were still present at
Gambell 31 Oct 2004 (H. Irrigoo pers. comm.), and Fay and Cade (1959:121) reported “several immatures seen near Gambell” 10 Nov 1957. Portenko (1989) cited an exceptionally late
record for 25 Nov 1937 near Provideniya. This species winters north to the southern Bering Sea (Kessel 1989).
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Sterna paradisaea
arctic tern «» Kuzey sumrusu
tekeyiighaq (Nielsen 2006, ) Slwooko
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Stercorarius longicaudus
long-tailed jaeger, long-tailed skua «» uzunkuyruklu korsanmartı
???
§ Lehman 2011: Uncommon migrant and probable breeder.
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Stercorarius parasiticus
parasitic jaeger, parasitic skua, arctic skua «» Kutup korsanmartısı
yuungaaghaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
§ Lehman 2011: Fairly common to common migrant through early September, uncommon in mid-September.
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Stercorarius pomarinus
pomarine jaeger, pomarine skua «» Kutup korsanmartısı
???
§ Lehman 2011: Fairly common to common migrant through mid-September, uncommon to fairly common through early October.
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 19
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Pluvialis fulva, Pluvialis dominica fulva
Pacific golden plover, lesser golden plover «» küçük altın yağmurcun
{?} turiik (sg) (Badten 1971 [as snipe], Slwooko)
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Charadrius semipalmatus
semipalmated plover «»
???
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Arenaria interpres (subsp. interpres)
ruddy turnstone, common turnstone «» taşçeviren
???
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Calidris acuminata, Pisobia acuminata
sharp-tailed sandpiper «»
???
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Calidris alpina, Pelidna alpina
dunlin, red-backed sandpiper «» karakarınlı kumkuşu
???
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Calidris mauri, Erolia mauri, Ereunetes maurii
western sandpiper «»
???
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Calidris alba, Erolia alba, Crocethia alba
sanderling «»
???
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Limosa lapponica
bar-tailed godwit (locally: godwit) «» kıyı çamur çulluğu
???
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Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus
whimbrel, Hudsonian curlew «» sürmeli kervançulluğu
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 20
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Phalaropus lobatus, Lobipes lobatus
red-necked phalarope, northern phalarope, hyperborean phalarope «» deniz düdükçünü
???
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Phalaropus fulicarius
red phalarope (in America), red-chested phalarope (Cup'igDict), grey phalarope (in Britain) «» kızıl
deniz düdükçünü
???
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Puffinus tenuirostris
short-tailed shearwater, slender-billed shearwater «» kısakuyruklu yelkovan
???
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Fulmarus glacialis rodgersii
northern fulmar, arctic fulmar, fulmar (simply) «»
aghqulluk (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
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Phalacrocorax pelagicus
pelagic cormorant «»
ngelqaq (sg) uyallget (pl) (Nielsen 2006 [as Great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo], Slwooko)
ngeellqaq (sg) ngeellqat (pl)
young cormorant «»
ngelqaaghaq
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Haliaeetus leucocephalus washingtoniensis, H. l. alascanus
bald eagle «» akbaşlı denizkartalı, Amerikan kartalı
qawaagpak [lit. “big bird”] (Nielsen 2006 [as eagle], Slwooko [as qawaagpk])
qawagpak (Rubtsova 1940s [as eagle])
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Buteo lagopus sanctijohannis
rough-legged hawk (in America), rough-legged buzzrard (in Britain) «» paçalı sar
???
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Falco columbarius suckleyi
merlin, pigeon hawk «» bozdoğan
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 21
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Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon «» sungur
???
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Falco peregrinus tundrius
peregrine falcon «» laçın, şahin
???
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Bubo scandiacus, Nyctea scandiaca
snowy owl, arctic owl, great white owl, harfang «» kar baykuşu
anipa (sg) (Nielsen 2006, Slwooko)
teghla (sg) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006)
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Asio flammeus
short-eared owl «» kır baykuşu
???
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Corvus corax principalis
common raven, raven «» kuzgun
meteghlluk (sg) meteghllugek (dual) meteghlluget (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s, Nielsen 2006, Bssd,
Slwooko)
meteghhlluk (sg) meteghhllugek (dual) meteghhlluget (pl) (Bssd)
мытыҳлъюк (sg) мытыҳлъюгык (dual) мытыҳлъюгыт (pl)
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Motacilla flava tschutschensis, Motacilla tschutschensis
Beringian yellow wagtail, Alaska yellow wagtail, eastern yellow wagtail «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Fairly common to common migrant early in season, uncommon to rare thereafter. This trans-Beringian passerine likely
occurs in peak numbers between early and late August.
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Motacilla alba ocularis
white wagtail «»
???
§ Lehman 2011: Uncommon to fairly common breeder. The species was first confirmed nesting at Gambell in 1953 (Fay and Cade 1959),
and the subspecies M. a. ocularis was a regular breeder and migrant through 1999, and again from 2003-2005 and 2007–2010.
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 22
Catharus minimus, Hylocichla minima
gray-cheeked thrush «»
???
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Calcarius lapponicus alascensis
Lapland longspur, Lapland bunting, Alaska longspur «»
???
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Plectrophenax nivalis
snow bunting, snowbird (locally) «»
qateghrewaaq (Nielsen 2006)
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Plectrophenax hyperboreus
McKay's bunting, McKay's snow bunting «»
???
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Carduelis flammea, Acanthis linaria
common redpoll «» Kuzey keten kuşu
???
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Haymatlos (undefined)
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scientific name: ?
amaaghaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
iiuuyaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
kaputaghaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
kumlulqugnak (Slwooko)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 23
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scientific name: ?
nangqwalek (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
nglikaaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
qugesliinak (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
suklugraq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
sagelmak (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
sughmeghaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
sipelaaghaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
satelgaq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
terateriiq (Slwooko)
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scientific name: ?
yayiiqa (Slwooko)
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 24
Pisces (fish «» balıklar)
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fish «» balık
iqallugput (Drozda 2006)
kayu (Nielsen 2006)
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small fish «» ufak balık
iqalluwaaq (sg) iqalluwaaghhaat (pl) (Rubtsova 1940s)
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(1) - operculum (gill cover)
(2) - lateral line
(3) - dorsal fin
(4) - adipose fin
(5) - caudal peduncle
(6) - caudal fin
(7) - anal fin
(8) – photophores
(9) - pelvic fins (paired)
(10) - pectoral fins (paired)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
pectoral fin «» göğüs yüzgeci
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
pelvic fin «» karın yüzgeci
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
anal fin «» anal yüzgeç
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 25
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caudal fin «» kuyruk yüzgeci
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
dorsal fin «» sırt yüzgeci
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
adipose fin «» pöçük yüzgeci
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
lateral line «» balıklarda yan çizgi
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
fish skin «» balık derisi
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
fish scale, scale of fish «» balık pulu
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
slime on a fish «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
gills «» solungaç
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
backbone «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
otolith «» denge taşı, kulak taşı
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
air sack, air bladder, swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw «» hava kesesi
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 26
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salmon fish «» som balıkları
iqalluk (Nielsen 2006)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Chinook salmon, king salmon (in Alaska) «» şah som balığı
awisu (sg) (< Çukçice / Chukchi эвичун ɛvičun) (Drozda 2006, Nielsen 2006 [as Atlantic salmon
Salmo salar])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Oncorhynchus keta
chum salmon, dog salmon (in Alaska) «» köpek som balığı
tunguuya (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Oncorhynchus kisutch
coho salmon, silver salmon (in Alaska) «» gümüş som balığı
qitaaqa (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
pink salmon, humpback salmon, humpy or humpie (in Alaska) «» kambur som balığı
amaghtu (sg) (Drozda 2006, Nielsen 2006 [as Atlantic salmon Salmo salar])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
nonsalmon (non-salmon) fish «» som hariç diğer balıklar
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Oncorhynchus mykiss, Salmo gairdneri
rainbow trout, steelhead «» gökkuşağı alabalığı
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 27
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Salvelinus malma
Dolly Varden, Dolly Varden trout (locally: trout or char), “Arctic char” «»
§ The modern use of Dolly Varden for S. malma, but historical use for Arctic char (S. alpinus) and
bull trout or original Dolly Varden (S. confluentus). The Salvelinus alpinus and S. confluentus are
not found in Alaska.
iqallupik (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Scientific name
kiiwhtaq (sg) (Drozda 2006 [as arctic char (trout)])
amllaghwaaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus])
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Coregonus laurettae
Bering cisco «»
qupneq (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Thymallus arcticus
arctic grayling (locally: grayling) «» gölgebalığı
satuvak (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Dallia pectoralis
Alaska blackfish (locally: blackfish, black fish) «» Alaska karabalığı
angyeghnak (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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Lota lota
burbot (locally: lush), loche fish, lingcod «» tatlısu gelinciği
amightu (sg) (Drozda 2006 [as burbot])
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Boregadus saida
(Arctic cod)
Eleginus gracilis
(saffron cod)
Gadus macrocephalus
(Pacific cod)
Theregra chalcogramma
(walleye pollock)
The distribution map of Gadidae species (from Allen 1988)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 28
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Gadus macrocephalus
Pacific cod, gray cod, grey cod «» Pasifik mezgidi
taqiiq (sg) (Drozda 2006, Nielsen 2006 [as mackerel])
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Eleginus gracilis
saffron cod «» safran mezgit
{?} uukaq (sg) uukat (pl) (Badten 1971 [as cods], Drozda 2006 [as codfish], Nielsen 2006 [as Atlantic
cod Gadus morhua])
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Boreogadus saida
polar cod, arctic cod «»
iqalluwaq (sg) (Drozda 2006)
ighallugaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006)
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Theragra chalcogramma
Alaska pollock, walleye pollock, pollock (simply or locally) «»
{?} nunangiik (sg) (Drozda 2006 [as ling cod], Nielsen 2006 [as Greenland codfish Gadus ogac])
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Clupea pallasii
(Pacific herring)
The distribution map of herring (from Allen 1988)
Clupea pallasii, Clupea harengus pallasii
Pacific herring (locally or simply: herring) «» Pasifik ringası
puvangitaghaq (sg) (Drozda 2006)
herring roe-on-kelp, herring spawn-on-kelp, herring eggs on kelp «» yosundaki ringa yumurtası
???
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 29
Mallotus villosus
(capelin)
Osmerus mordax
(rainbow smelt)
Thaleichthys pacificus
(eulachon)
The distribution map of Osmeridae species (from Allen 1988)
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Mallotus villosus
capelin «»
sikaaq (sg) (Drozda 2006 [as capelin & grunion], Nielsen 2006)
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Osmerus mordax dentex, Osmerus dentex
rainbow smelt, boreal smelt, toothed smelt, arctic smelt, smelt (locally or simply) «»
teptaakrak (Drozda 2006 [as hooligan (smelt; eulachon) Thaleichthys pacificus])
surf smelt «»
kegarangiq (sg) (Drozda 2006)
delta smelt «»
lughtughaq (sg) (Drozda 2006)
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{?} Podothecus acipenserinus
sturgeon poacher «»
giimasaak (Drozda 2006 [as white sturgeon]1)
Podothecus acipenserinus
(sturgeon poacher)
The distribution map of sturgeon poacher (from Allen 1988)
§ 1The Acipenser transmontanus (white sturgeon) is not found in the Siberian Yupik Geography:
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 30
The distribution map of white sturgeon (from http://fieldguide.mt.gov/detail_AFCAA01050.aspx)
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Enophrys diceraus
(antlered sculpin)
Gymnocanthus galeatus
(armorhead sculpin)
Gymnocanthus pistilliger
(threaded sculpin)
Gymnocanthus tricuspis
(arctic staghorn sculpin)
Hemilepidotus jordani
(yellow Irish lord)
Hemilepidotus papilio
(butterfly sculpin)
Myoxocephalus jaok
(plain sculpin)
Myoxocephalus verrucosus
(warty sculpin)
Triglops pingeli
(ribbed sculpin)
The distribution map of Cottidae species (from Allen 1988)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 31
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{?} Gymnocanthus tricuspis
arctic staghorn sculpin «»
kayupik (Drozda 2006 [as Pacific stagnorn sculpin (bullhead)]1) cf. Nunivak Cup’ig kayu[r]pag [lit.
“big kayur”] (Hemilepidotus sp.)
§ 1The Leptocottus armatus (Paciﬁc staghorn sculpin) is not found in in Alaska.
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{?} Myoxocephalus verrucosus
warty sculpin «»
iqanengenaaq (Drozda 2006 [as coast range sculpin]1, Nielsen 2006 [as Sculpin (bull-rout)
Myoxocephalus scorpius]2)
§ 1The Cottus aleuticus (coast range sculpin) is not found in the Siberian Yupik Geography:
The distribution map of coast range sculpin (Cottus aleuticus) (from COSEWIC Assessment and Status Report on the Coastrange Sculpin
(Cottus aleuticus) Cultus population in Canada, 2010)
§ 2The Myoxocephalus scorpius (shorthorn sculpin or bull-rout) is not found in Alaska.
Allen 1988: The warty sculpin is the Pacific population of the shorthorn sculpin, Myoxocephalus scorpius (Linnaeus 1758),
of Robins (1980). Neelov (1979), the most recent revision of this genus, regarded this population as a distinct species,
Myoxocephalus verrucosus. This species has also been called Myoxocephalus groenlandicus (Cuvier and Valenciennes 1829) and
Myoxocephalus scorpius groenlandicus in recent surveys in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska.
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scientific name = ?
“spiny head sculpin” «»
sighunpayaak (Drozda 2006 [as spiny head sculpin]1)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 32
§ 1The Dasycottus setiger (spinyhead sculpin) is not found in the Siberian Yupik Geography:
Dasycottus setiger
(spinyhead sculpin)
The distribution map of spinyhead sculpin (from Allen 1988)
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scientific name = ?
“prickly sculpin” «»
aghiknaq (Drozda 2006 [as prickly sculpin]1)
§ 1The Cottus asper (prickly sculpin) is not found in the Siberian Yupik Geography:
fishbase: Distribution of Cottus asper (prickly sculpin) : North America: Pacific slope drainages from Seward, Alaska to Ventura
River, California, USA; also east of Continental Divide in upper Peace River in British Columbia, Canada. Exhibits coastal and
inland forms that are genetically distinct (Ref. 27547).
(from Krejsa Richard J. 1967. The systematics of the prickly sculpin, Cottus asper Richardson, a polytypic species: part I.
Synonymy, nomenclatural history, and distribution. Pac Sci 21(2): 241-251.)
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Gasterosteus aculeatus & Pungitius pungitius
threespine stickleback, three-spined stickleback, needlefish & ninespine stickleback, needle-fish
(locally) «»
sikughwaaq (Drozda 2006 [as stickleback (needlefish)& needlefish (stickleback?)])
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 33
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{?} Lycodes palearis & Lycodes turneri
wattled eelpout & polar eelpout «»
mekiitlek (Drozda 2006 [as wolf fish])
Lycodes raridens
(marbled eel pout)
Lycodes turneri
(polar eelpout)
The distribution map of eelpout species(from Allen 1988)
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Lumpenus fabricii & Lumpenus sagitta
slender eelblenny & snake prickleback «»
???
Lumpenus fabricii
(slender eelblenny)
Lumpenus sagitta
(snake prickleback)
The distribution map of prickleback (from Allen 1988)
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Ammodytes hexapterus
Pacific sand lance «»
???
Ammodytes hexapterus
(Pacific sand lance)
The distribution map of sand lance (from Allen 1988)
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 34
Hippoglossoides elassodon
(flathead sole)
Hippoglossoides robustus
(Bering flounder)
Platichthys stellatus
(starry flounder)
Pleuronectes asper
(yellowfin sole)
Pleuronectes bilineatus
(rock sole)
Pleuronectes proboscideus
(longhead dab)
Pleuronectes quadrituberculatus
(Alaska plaice)
Reinhardtius hippoglossoides
(Greenland halibut)
Hippoglossus stenolepis
(Pacific halibut)
The distribution map of flatfish species (from Allen 1988)
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Scientific name = ?
“flounder” «»
allngighkaq (Nielsen 2006 [as flounder])
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www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 35
Hippoglossus stenolepis
Pacific halibut «»
ivisa (sg) (Badten 1971 [as flounder], Drozda 2006 [as halibut Hippoglossus stenolepis ivisa & ocean
flounder ivisa (?)], Nielsen 2006 [as Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Reinhardtius hippoglossoides
Greenland halibut«»
pekuutaq (sg) (Nielsen 2006 [as Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippogloss.]). cf. see below
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Elasmobranchii spp.
ray fish «» vatoz
pekutaq (Drozda 2006 [as ray fish]) cf. see above
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Selachimorpha spp.
shark «» köpekbalığı
kalngak (Drozda 2006 [as shark], Nielsen 2006 [as Greenland shark Somniosus microcephal.])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
imaghtaq (Drozda 2006)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
nengyaapellegaq (Drozda 2006)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
nughtughaq (Drozda 2006)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
amsaguaq (Rubtsova 1940s [as small fish])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Lethenteron camtschaticum , Lampetra camtschatica, Lethenteron japonicum, Lampetra japonica
Arctic lamprey «»
iqaaslaak (Drozda 2006)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 36
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
other animals «» diğer hayvanlar
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Actiniaria (sea anemones «» denizlaleleri)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
sea anemone «» denizlalesi
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Asteroidea (starfish «» denizyıldızları)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
starfish «» denizyıldızı
iyeksak (sg) iyeksagek (dual) iyeksaget (pl) (Drozda 2006)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers «» denizhıyarları)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
sea cucumber «» denizhıyarı
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Bivalvia (clams «» midyeler)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Siliqua patula
Pacific razor clam, razor clam (locally or simply) «» denizçakısı
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Saxidomus gigantea
butter clam «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Mactromeris polynyma, Spisula polynyma, Mactra polynyma, Spisula alaskana
Arctic surfclam (Pacific northwestern United States: pink- or red-necked clam) «»
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 37
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Gastropoda (snails «» salyangozlar)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
snail «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Cirripedia (barnacles «»)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
barnacle «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Brachyura (crabs «» yengeçler)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
crab «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Caridea (shrimps«» karidesler)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
shrimp «»
kemegtungiq & “kepsiigain.” (Nielsen 2006 [as Pink shrimp Pandalus borealis Kemegtungiq,
kepsiigain.])
§ Alaskan commercial shrimps (from www.sfos.uaf.edu): Pandalopsis dispar (sidestripe shrimp), Pandalus borealis (pink shrimp), Pandalus
danae (coonstripe shrimp), Pandalus hypsinotus (humpbacked shrimp), Pandalus platyceros (spot prawn, Alaskan prawn)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Araneae (spiders «» örümcekler)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
apayepayiiq (Badten 1971 [as spider])
апайыпайиӄ
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Insecta (insects «» böcekler)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
insect, crawling thing «» böcek
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Musca domestica
house fly «» sinek
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 38
house fly maggot «» sinek kurdu
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Scathophaga stercoraria
yellow dung fly «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Calliphora vomitoria
blue bottle fly «»
anaghllengiiq (Bssd [as blue fly])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
mosquito «» sivrisinek
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name: ?
gnat «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Bombus
bumblebee «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Lepidoptera spp.
butterfly «» kelebek
???
caterpillar «» tırtıl
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Pediculus humanus humanus
body louse, human louse «» bit
???
nit, louse egg «» sirke, bit yumurtası
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 39
Plantae (plants «» bitkiler)
(from Raynolds 2005)
B3d.1 Graminoid, prostrate dwarf-shrub communities (comm. 14), in complex with snowbeds, talus slopes and meadow communities, on
frost-riven granite, St. Lawrence Island.
B4d.2 Graminoid, dwarf-shrub communities (comm. 28) on moist areas of Pleistocene lava in the Kookooligit Range, St. Lawrence Island.
G3.2 Graminoid, prostrate dwarf-shrub, forb communities (comm. 18) on mesic areas of St. Lawrence Island.
Subzone D (Arctic Coastal Plain, northern part of Seward Peninsula, St. Lawrence Island)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
plant «» bitki
??
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
flower «»
??
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
leaf «» yaprak
??
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
seed «» tohum
piitun (Badten 1971)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
plant root «» bitki kökü
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
stem «» sap, bitki sapı
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 40
berries, fruits «» meyveler
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
berry; fruit «» meyve
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Rubus chamaemorus
cloudberry, lowbush salmonberry, salmonberry (locally) «»
ahkahavasik (Garibaldi 1999)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Rubus arcticus
arctic raspberry, wild raspberry, Alaskan raspberry, raspberry (locally), nagoonberry (locally) «»
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 41
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Empetrum nigrum (subsp. hermaphroditum)
crowberry, black crowberry, curlewberry, blackberry (locally), mossberry (locally) «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Arctostaphylos alpina
bearberry, black bearberry, alpine bearberry, kinnikinnik «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Vaccinium uliginosum
blueberry (locally), lowbush blueberry, alpine blueberry, bog blueberry, bog bilberry«»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Vaccinium vitis-idaea (var. minus)
lowbush cranberry, mountain cranberry, rock cranberry, lingonberry, red crowberry, redberry (locally
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 42
Pete 1991) «»
keetmik (Garibaldi 1999)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
trees and shrubs «» ağaç ve çalılar
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
tree «» ağaç
???
big tree «» büyük ağaç
unaaghsighllak (Rubtsova 1940s)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
wood «» odun; tahta
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
knot in wood «»
kaangquq (Badten 1971
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 43
Salix spp.
willow «» söğüt
okviuk (Garibaldi 1999)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Salix alaxensis
feltleaf willow, Alaska willow «» Alaska söğüdü
???
§ Widely distributed and common almost throughout Alaska from southeast Alaska to Arctic Ocean. Southeast Alaska from Hyder t o head of
Lynn Canal but not on outer islands; north through interior to Arctic Coast and northwest to Cape Lisburne; west to Bering Sea except in a
few isolated areas, St. Lawrence, St. Mathew, and Pribilof Islands; southwest on Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands to Unalaska Island;
and east to Kodiak Island, Cook Inlet, and Prince William Sound (Viereck 1975). Tall shrub or tree up to 10 m tall (Collet 2004).
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Salix pulchra, Salix planifolia subsp. pulchra var. pulchra
diamondleaf willow (diamond-leaf willow) «» elmasyapraklı söğüt
???
§ Almost all Alaska except the western Aleutians and the coastal forests of southeastern part. In southeast Alaska only at Juneau and Haines.
From Prince William Sound northward to the Arctic Ocean; westward to the Chukci and Bering Seas, including many island locations;
southward to the eastern Aleutians, and east to Kodiak Island and Kenai Peninsula (Viereck 1975). Low to tall shrub, 1-4 m (Collet 2004).
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Betula nana (subsp. exilis)
dwarf birch, dwarf arctic birch «» bodur huş
§ dwarf arctic birch, Betula nana: Very widespread nearly throughout interior Alaska, north almost to Arctic Ocean, west to Bering Sea
and western end of Alaska Peninsula. South of Alaska Range to Kodiak Island, Kenai Peninsula, and Copper River drainage. Also local in
northern end of southeast Alaska at Yakutat and head of Lynn Canal at Haines and Skagway (Viereck 1975).
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 44
Rhododendron palustre subsp. decumbens, Ledum palustre subsp.
decumbens, Ledum decumbens, Rhododendron subarcticum, Rhododendron tomentosum
subsp. subarcticum
tundra tea (locally), Eskimo tea (locally), narrow-leaf Labrador tea, Labrodor tea «» Eskimo çayı
ayuq (Bssd )
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
herbs «» otlar
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
pepper «» biber
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
onion «» soğan
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
bean «» fasulye
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 45
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
pea «» bezelye
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
rice «» pirinç
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
tea «» çay
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
coffee «» kahve
kufi (< Rusça / Russian кофе) (Badten 1971, Bssd)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Angelica lucida
wild celery (locally), seacoast angelica, sea-watch «»
tepplook (sg) (Garibaldi 1999)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Ligusticum scoticum subsp. hultenii, Ligusticum hultenii
Hulten's licorice-root, wild parsnip, wild parsley, sea parsley, sea lovage, beach lovage, Scotch lovage,
Scots lovage «»
???
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 46
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Artemisia arctica & Artemisia campestris subsp. borealis
wormwood, stinkweed, caribou leaves «» yavşan, pelin
riiglluk (sg) (Bssd)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Senecio pseudoarnica
seaside ragwort, beach fleabane «»
{?} kōkōng'ŭt (pl) (Moore 1923 [as the leaves of a plant called kōkōng'ŭt are also ground and mied
with seal blood in summer or blubber in winter])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Honckenya peploides (subsp. diffusa & major)
sea chickweed (locally), beach greens (locally), seabeach sandwort, seaside sandplant, sea sandwort
(UK), seaside sandplant (Canada) «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 47
Oxyria digyna
mountain sorrel, alpine mountainsorrel, alpine sorrel, wood sorrel, sourgrass «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Polygonum bistorta (var. plumosum)
pink plumes (locally), meadow bistort, common bistort, bistort «» kurtpençesi
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Polygonum viviparum
alpine bistort, wild rhubarb (locally) «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Rumex arcticus (var. arcticus & perlatus)
arctic dock, arctic sourdock, sourdock (locally), wild rhubarb (locally), wild spinach (locally) «»
© images → cdhs.us & science.halleyhosting.com & discoverlife.org
ahkakuk (Garibaldi 1999)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 48
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Claytonia tuberosa (var. czukczorum & tuberosa)
tuberous springbeauty (spring-beauty), wild potato (locally), Eskimo potato (locally) «»
© images → eattheweeds.com
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Claytonia sibirica (var. sibirica)
Siberian springbeauty «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Chamerion latifolium, Epilobium latifolium
dwarf fireweed «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Comarum palustre, Potentilla palustris
purple marshlocks, swamp cinquefoil, marsh cinquefoil, marsh five-fingers «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 49
Dryas integrifolia
entire-leaved avens «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Parrya nudicaulis
nakedstem wallflower, wild cabbage (locally), wild celery (locally) «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Rhodiola integrifolia (subsp. integrifolia), Sedum rosea subsp.
integrifolium, Sedum integrifolium, Sedum rosea var. alaskanum, Sedum alaskanum
ledge stonecrop, western roseroot, roseroot (locally), rosewort (locally), king's crown «»
nooneevuk (Garibaldi 1999)
nūnē'vŭk (Moore 1923 [as is a small plant, the leaves of wich are gathered and ground, mixed with
water, and allowed to ferment. ...)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Pedicularis capitata & kanei & sudetica
lousewort «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Hedysarum alpinum
alpine sweetvetch, Eskimo patato, Indian potato, wild potato (locally), wild carrot (locally) , Yupik
potatoes (Hooper Bay Upward Bound) «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 50
Eriophorum angustifolium (subsp. angustifolium & triste)
tall cottongrass, narrow-leaved cottongrass, common cottongrass, cottongrass «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Eriophorum vaginatum
hare's-tail cottongrass, tussock cottongrass, tussock sedge, sheathed cottonsedge «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Carex spp.
sedge «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Elymus &Leymus &Puccinella ... spp.
grass «»
vek (sg) (Badten 1971)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 51
Leymus mollis subsp. mollis, Elymus mollis, Leymus arenarius subsp.
mollis, Elymus arenarius subsp. mollis
American dunegrass, dune wildrye, dune grass, wild rye grass, beach rye grass, beach grass, saltwater
rye grass, coarse seashore grass «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Equisetum arvense
field horsetail, common horsetail «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
mosses «» yosunlar
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 52
algae «» suyosunları
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
general term
seaweed «»
elqwaaqis (Bssd [as a general word for seaweed])
tukughnak, kemkeghnak, kemagluk, aghnaghuq (from ttip.tuzzy.org)
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 53
(from Joseph G. Jorgensen 1990, Oil Age Eskimos)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name = ?
??? «»
(from http://wiki.bssd.org/index.php/Aghnaghuq)
aghnaghuq (Bssd [as this one type of sea food that washes ashore. It is usually cooked along with
meat, there is a sack inside with the part to be eaten. It can also be eaten uncooked or frozen as well])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
scientific name = ?
sea carrot «»
(from http://wiki.bssd.org/index.php/Kemkeghnak)
kemkeghnak (Bssd [as This one type of sea food locally known as sea carrot])
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Ulva spp.
sea lettuce «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Alaria spp.
ribbon kelp «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 54
Fucus spp.
bladderwrack «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Palmaria mollis, Palmaria palmata f. mollis
red ribbon, dulse, seaweed «»
© images → Seaweeds of Alaska
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
lichens «» likenler
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Cladonia spp.
reindeer moss, lichen «»
watapə (< Çukçice / Chukchi)
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 55
fungi «» mantarlar
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Phellinus igniarius, Fomes igniarius
chew ash fungus, punk fungus «»
???
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 56
REFERENCES «» KAYNAKÇA
1. Allen 1988 M. James Allen & Gary B. Smith, Atlas and Zoogeography of Common Fishes in
the Bering Sea and Northeastern Pacific, NOAA Technical Report NMFS 66, April 1988 →
spo.nwr.noaa.gov
2. Badten 1971 Adelinda Womkon Badten & Michael E. Kraus, Ungazighmiit
Ungipaghaatangit. This book contains a selection of Ungaziq tales from Ekaterina S.
Rubtsova's [Е. С. Рубцова, 1888-1971] important book "Materialy po Yazyku i Folkloru
Eskimosov" [Материалы по языку и фольклору эскимосов (чаплинский диалект)]
(Materials in the Language and Folklore of the Eskimos, printed in Leningrad in 1954),
University of Alaska, December 21, 1971 → library.state.ak.us
3. Bssd BSSD Yupik Dictionary Index → wiki.bssd.org
4. Childers 2011 Dorothy Childers (editor), Muriel Morse (outreach coordinator and
interviews), Julia Beaty (GIS services), The Northern Bering Sea: Our Way of Life, a project
of the Bering Sea Elders Advisory Group, with support from Alaska Marine Conservation
Council, 2011 → institutenorth.org
5. Drozda 2006 Robert M. Drozda and Howard T. Amos, Nunivak Island Subsistence Cod, Red
Salmon and Grayling Fisheries – Past and Present, Annual Report for Study 05-353 (this
report was submitted as the annual report to U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of
Subsistence Management, Subsistence Fisheries Monitoring Program for project number 005353), Appendix E. Fish Terminology – English common/ Latin/ Eskimo Cross reference.
Preliminary version. [Yupik (Jacobson 1984; *other)], May 2006 → nunivakisland.org
6. Garibaldi 1999 Ann Garibaldi, Medicinal Flora of the Alaska Natives, A Compilation of
knowledge from literary Sources of Aleut, Alutiiq, Athabascan, Eyak, Haida, Inupiat, Tlingit,
Tsimshian, and Yupik traditional Healing Methods Using Plants, Alaska Natural Heritage
Program, Environment and Natural Resources Institute, University of Alaska Anchorage, July
1999 → aknhp.uaa.alaska.edu
7. Georgette 1998 Susan Georgette, Michael Coffing, Cheryl Scott, and Charles Utermohle, The
Subsistence Harvest of Seals and Sea Lions by alaska natives in the Norton Sound-Bering
Strait Region, Alaska, 1996-97, Technical Paper No. 242, Alaska Department of Fish and
Game, Division of Subsistence, Juneau, Alaska, April 1998 → arlis.org
8. Jacobson 1979 Steven A. Jacobson, A Grammatical Sketch of Siberian Yupik Eskimo as
spoken on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska,
Fairbanks, second printing, March 1979 (first printing: February 1977) → library.state.ak.us
9. Krougly-Enke 2008 Nikita Krougly-Enke (Н. Круглый-Энке), Preservation of the Nostratic
Heritage and Renewal of Animal Names in Eskaleutian Languages, 2008, Москва →
nostratic.ru
10. Lehmann 2011 Paul E. Lehman, Autumn Birdlife at Gambell and St. Lawrence Island,
Alaska → wingsbirds.com
11. Moore 1923 Riley D. Moore, Social Life of the Eskimo of St. Lawrence Island, American
Anthropologist 25(3):339-375, 1923 → onlinelibrary.wiley.com
12. Nielsen 2006 Bent Nielsen An uncomplete list of names of animals, birds and fishes in six
different languages (= English, Latin, Dansk, Kalaallisut, Sibirisk Yupik, Русский язык), 3rd
of July 2006 → connexion-dte.dk
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 57
13. Raynolds 2005 Martha K. Raynolds, Donald A. Walker and Hilmar A. Maier, Plant
community-level mapping of arctic Alaska based on the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map,
Phytocoenologia 35 (4) 821-848 Berlin-Stuttgart, December 13, 2005 → geobotany.org
14. Rubtsova 1940s Yupik Eskimo Texts from 1940s, Collected and translated into Russian by
Ekaterina Rubtsova. Edited, translated into English and published by Nikolai Vakhtin →
uaf.edu
15. Slwooko Grace Slwooko (Tundra Times Correspondent), Teaching alphabet with birds in
Gambel → ttip.tuzzy.org
16. Viereck 1975 Leslie A. Viereck and Elbert L. Little, Jr., Atlas of United States Trees, Volume
2. Alaska Trees and Common Shrubs, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Miscellaneous Publication no. 1293, Washington, D.C., March 1975 →
books.google.com.tr
17. Wilderness Birding Wilderness Birding Adventures 2012 Gambell I, II, III & IV / Alaska
Hotspot Birding → wildernessbirding.com
Others
Yupikçe Bitki ve Hayvan Adları (Central Alaskan Yup'ik Plant and Animal Names)
Nunivak Çupikçesi Bitki ve Hayvan Adları (Nunivak Cup'ig Plant and Animal Names)
More
http://kmoksy.com/zobot/biyoterminoloji.html
by Ümüt Çınar
www.kmoksy.com
Sayfa 58

Siberian Yupik Plant and Animal Names

Transkript

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