105_Fentetal2011_Turkish water bugs

Transkript

Zootaxa 2856: 1–84 (2011)
www.mapress.com / zootaxa/
Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press
ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)
Monograph
ZOOTAXA
ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)
ZOOTAXA
2856
Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha,
Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha,
and Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey,
with new records
MERAL FENT1, PETR KMENT2, BELGİN ÇAMUR-ELİPEK1 & TİMUR KIRGIZ1
1
Trakya University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 22030 Edirne, Turkey.
E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
2
Department of Entomology, National Museum, Kunratice 1, CZ-148 00 Praha 4, Czech Republic.
E-mail: [email protected]
Magnolia Press
Auckland, New Zealand
Accepted by C. Schaefer: 25 Nov. 2010; published: 29 Apr. 2011
MERAL FENT, PETR KMENT, BELGİN ÇAMUR-ELİPEK & TİMUR KIRGIZ
Annotated catalogue of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and
Leptopodomorpha (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Turkey, with new records
(Zootaxa 2856)
84 pp.; 30 cm.
29 April 2011
ISBN 978-1-86977-681-7 (paperback)
ISBN 978-1-86977-682-4 (Online edition)
FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2011 BY
Magnolia Press
P.O. Box 41-383
Auckland 1346
New Zealand
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other than private research use.
ISSN 1175-5326
(Print edition)
ISSN 1175-5334
(Online edition)
2 · Zootaxa 2856 © 2011 Magnolia Press
FENT ET AL.
Table of contents
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Materials and methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Annotated catalogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
IIa. Accepted records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
IIb. Records in need of confirmation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
IIc. Rejected records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Abstract
An annotated check-list of the aquatic and semi-aquatic bugs of the infraorders Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha of Turkey and its geographical parts (Turkish Thrace [i.e., European Turkey]
and Anatolia [i.e., the Asian Turkey]) is presented. The nomenclatoric history of Alpagut Kıyak, 1995 (= Harpago Linnavuori,
1951, = Raunocoris Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2009) is reviewed, its gender is fixed, and two new combinations are proposed:
Alpagut maroccanus (Wagner, 1960) comb. nov., and Alpagut medius (Rey, 1888) comb. nov. The list is based on a survey of
all published records as well as on examination of collection material, including recent material collected in the poorly explored
Turkish Thrace. The following numbers of species are accepted as occurring in Turkey: Enicocephalomorpha—1 species
(Asian Turkey only), Dipsocoromorpha—2 species (Asian Turkey only), Nepomorpha—49 species (29 in European and 47 in
Asian Turkey), Gerromorpha—27 species (10 in European and 25 in Asian Turkey), and Leptopodomorpha—21 species (6 in
European and 20 in Asian Turkey). Forty species are known from both European and Asian Turkey, whereas 5 are recorded
only from European Turkey and 55 only from Asian Turkey. Eight species and subspecies, Micronecta scholtzi (Fieber, 1860),
Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber, 1848), Sigara iranica Lindberg, 1964, Hebrus ruficeps Thomson, 1871, Velia affinis filippii
Tamanini, 1947, Velia rhadamantha rhadamantha Hoberlandt, 1941, Gerris kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998, and Saldula
pilosella pilosella (Thomson, 1871), are reported from Turkey for the first time; and four species, Sigara scripta (Rambur,
1840), Corixa punctata (Illiger, 1807), C. panzeri (Fieber, 1848), and Gerris argentatus Schummel, 1832, are new records for
Turkish Thrace. First exact localities of several other species are provided as well. Three species, Sigara kervillei (Poisson,
1927), Microvelia hozari Hoberlandt, 1952, and Velia mariae Tamanini, 1971, seem to be endemic to Anatolia; 22 species
occur only in Turkey and the adjacent regions (Balkan Peninsula, Cyprus, Near East, Iran, and Transcaucasia). The 75 remaining species have a wider distribution. Occurrences of 10 species, previously recorded from Turkey, need further confirmation.
Finally, 19 species-group taxa are excluded from Turkish fauna as they are based on proven or suspected misidentifications or
taxonomic confusion: Micronecta minutissima (Linnaeus, 1758), Cymatia bonsdorffii (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819), Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819), Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848), Hesperocorixa castanea (Thomson, 1869),
Hesperocorixa occulta (Lundblad, 1929), Sigara hoggarica Poisson, 1929, Sigara scotti (Douglas & Scott, 1868), Heleocoris
minusculus (Walker, 1870), Anisops debilis canariensis Noualhier, 1893, Velia caprai caprai Tamanini, 1947, Aquarius najas
(De Geer, 1773), Gerris costae costae (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850), G. gibbifer Schummel, 1832, G. lateralis Schummel, 1832,
Saldula fucicola (Sahlberg, 1870), S. pilosella hirsuta (Reuter, 1888), Salda morio Zetterstedt, 1838, and S. muelleri (Gmelin,
1790). In addition, first records of Aquarius ventralis (Fieber, 1860) from Syria, and Saldula melanoscela (Fieber, 1859) and
Leptopus marmoratus (Goeze, 1778) from Lebanon, are provided. The previously published records of Rhagovelia nigricans
nigricans (Burmeister, 1835) from Cyprus and Israel (Hoberlandt 1952b) belong to R. infernalis africana Lundblad, 1936.
Key words: Heteroptera, Turkey, Anatolia, Turkish Thrace, inland water, aquatic and semi-aquatic insects, check-list, faunistics
Özet. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de bulunan sucul ve yarı sucul Heteropterlerin Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha,
Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha ve Leptopodomorpha infraordolarına ait ayrıntılı bir liste hem ülke hem de coğrafik bölgeler
bazında (Trakya Bölgesi ve Anadolu) verilmiştir. Alpagut Kıyak, 1995 (= Harpago Linnavuori, 1951, = Raunocoris Baena &
Alonso-Zarazaga, 2009)’in isimlendirme geçmişi yeniden ele alınarak geçerli bir altcins olarak kabul edilmiş ve Alpagut
maroccanus (Wagner, 1960) comb. nov., ve Alpagut medius (Rey, 1888) comb. nov. olmak üzere iki yeni kombinasyon
önerilmiştir. Sözkonusu çalışma şimdiye kadarki tüm yayınlanmış kayıtlara ve çok iyi araştırılmamış Türkiye Trakyası’ndan
son zamanlarda toplanmış materyalleri de içeren koleksiyon materyali incelemelerine dayanmaktadır. Türkiye’de şimdiye
kadarki tespit edilmiş tür sayıları infraordolara göre şu şekildedir: Enicocephalomorpha—1 tür (sadece Anadolu’da),
AQUATIC AND SEMI-AQUATIC HETEROPTERA OF TURKEY
Zootaxa 2856 © 2011 Magnolia Press ·
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Dipsocoromorpha—2 tür (sadece Anadolu’da), Nepomorpha—49 tür (Trakya Bölgesi’nde 29 ve Anadolu’da 47),
Gerromorpha—27 tür (Trakya Bölgesi’nde 10 ve Anadolu’da 25), and Leptopodomorha—21 tür (Trakya Bölgesi’nde 6 ve
Anadolu’da 20). 5 tür sadece Trakya Bölgesi’nde ve 55 tür sadece Anadolu kısmında bilinirken her iki bölgede (Trakya ve
Anadolu) bilinen tür sayısı 40’d2r. Sekiz tür ve alttür, Micronecta scholtzi (Fieber, 1860), Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber,
1848), Sigara iranica Lindberg, 1964, Hebrus ruficeps Thomson, 1871, Velia affinis filippii Tamanini, 1947, Velia
rhadamantha rhadamantha Hoberlandt, 1941, Gerris kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998, and Saldula pilosella pilosella (Thomson,
1871), Türkiye faunası için ilk defa kaydedilirken, dört tür, Sigara scripta (Rambur, 1840), Corixa punctata (Illiger, 1807), C.
panzeri (Fieber, 1848), ve Gerris argentatus Schummel, 1832 Trakya Bölgesi için yeni kayıt olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca pek
çok tür için kesin lokaliteler verilmiştir. Üç türün, Sigara kervillei (Poisson, 1927), Microvelia hozari Hoberlandt, 1952 ve Velia
mariae Tamanini, 1971, Anadolu için endemik olduğu, 22 türün sadece Türkiye ve ona komşu olan ülkeler (Balkan Yarımadası,
Kıbrıs, Yakın Doğu, İran ve Transkafkasya)de mevcut olduğu ve kalan 75 türün geniş bir dağılıma sahip oldukları
belirlenmiştir. Daha önceki çalışmalarda kaydedilmiş 10 türün, doğrulanması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Son olarak 19 tür-grup
takson hatalı tanımlama ve taksonomik karışıklıktan dolayı Türkiye faunasından çıkarılmıştır. Bunlar; Micronecta minutissima
(Linnaeus, 1758), Cymatia bonsdorffii (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819), Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819),
Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848), Hesperocorixa castanea (Thomson, 1869), Hesperocorixa occulta (Lundblad,
1929), Sigara hoggarica Poisson, 1929, Sigara scotti (Douglas & Scott, 1868), Heleocoris minusculus (Walker, 1870), Anisops
debilis canariensis Noualhier, 1893, Velia caprai caprai Tamanini, 1947, Aquarius najas (De Geer, 1773), Gerris costae costae
(Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850), G. gibbifer Schummel, 1832, G. lateralis Schummel, 1832, Saldula fucicola (Sahlberg, 1870), S.
pilosella hirsuta (Reuter, 1888), Salda morio Zetterstedt, 1838, ve S. muelleri (Gmelin, 1790) türleridir. Ek olarak Suriye’den
Aquarius ventralis (Fieber, 1860) ve Lübnan’dan da Saldula melanoscela (Fieber, 1859) ve Leptopus marmoratus (Goeze,
1778) türleri yeni kayıt olarak belirlenmiştir. Daha önce Kıbrıs ve İsrail’den (Hoberlandt 1952b) elde edilen Rhagovelia
nigricans nigricans (Burmeister, 1835) türüne ait kayıtların aslında R. infernalis africana Lundblad, 1936 türüne ait olduğu
tespit edilmiştir.
Anahtar sözcükler. Heteroptera, Türkiye, Anadolu, Türkiye Trakyası, iç sular, sucul ve yarısucul böcekler, kontrol listesi, faunistik
Introduction
Turkey, in the boundaries established in 1923, is a large country occupying 814,578 km2. The largest part of the
country is situated on the Asian continent. Asian Turkey, called by the historical name Anatolia, or the geographical term Asia Minor, comprises 790,200 km2 and is administratively divided into 77 provinces (Fig. 1). Anatolia is
a peninsula enclosed on three sides with sea water and is divided into 7 geographical regions (Marmara(included
Turkish Thrace), Aegean, Mediterranean, Central Anatolia, Black Sea, East Anatolia, Southeast Anatolia) (Fig. 2).
The topography of the peninsula is composed of mountain chains lying parallel to each other along the Black Sea
region in the north, of Toros Mountains in the south meeting the Mediterranean Sea at some points in the west, and
lying parallel to the sea coast, reaching Antakya—Samandağ in the east, and thus enclosing the Southeastern Anatolian plains, and of mountains, sometimes as chains, in Western and Eastern Anatolia. Apart from these, individual
volcanic mountains exist in Central and Eastern Anatolia. Plains are common throughout Anatolia; but plateaus are
mainly present in the central parts.
There are more than 600 river basins with differing characteristics. Also, there are many lakes differing in
ontogeny and water quality (fresh-water, brackish, soda-lye, saline) (Atalay 1994). The geological history of Anatolia, or its mother continent the Aegeid plate, is rather complex. Its tectonic evolution has continously changed
throughout Tertiary and Quarternary, providing temporary connections with the European, Arabian, Iranian, and
Caucasian plates, especially during the Miocene (Steininger & Rögl 1985; Rögl 1999; Çıplak 2003, 2004).
The basic climatological pattern of Turkey can be summarized as a gradual shift from semi-arid and wintercold Central Turkey to a subtropical periphery with high humidity during winter. This generalised scheme shows
many local variations like the Mediterranean climate regime in the southern coastal areas (rainy season in winter,
dry and hot periods in summer) or the extreme euxinian climate regime in the northeast (rainfall throughout the
year with more than 2000 mm precipitation). These different climatological types are mirrored by the potential
vegetation, which is composed by dense humid forests in the north and the Amanos Mountains, dry steppe forests
in the center (embracing true steppes around Tuz Lake), supramediterranean dry forests in the Toros Mountains,
and a variety of Mediterranean dry forests in the west and the southern coast (Mayer & Aksoy 1986, Demirsoy
1996, Hütteroth & Höhfeld 2002, Gümüş & Neubert 2009).
FENT ET AL.
FIGURE 1. Map of Turkey with position of the provinces.
The following four major factors influences the exceptionally high biodiversity of Anatolia: i) Highly diverse geological, geomorphological, and climatic conditions provide many different macro- and microhabitats. ii) The geographical position as a bridge between west (Europe), north (Caucasus), east (Iran and Central Asia), and south (Arabian
peninsula) provides a natural pathway for the spread of species. iii) The complex tectonic history within the Tertiary with
alternating connections to surrounding tectonic plates with periods of island isolation, support endemic speciation. iv)
The function of an important refugium during Quarternary ice ages (cf. Tchernov 1992, Demirsoy 1996, Çıplak 2003).
As an example we mention the exceptionally rich flora of Anatolia, with more than 9.200 species of higher plants
(for comparison there are ca. 11.500 species in Europe, which is thirteen times as big) (Güner et al. 2000, Pils 2006). For
the purpose of the botanical survey, the Turkish territory is divided into five main areas according their geographical position (North, East, South, West, Center), which may be further divided into ten smaller unites (NW, NN, NE, EE, SE, SSE,
SS, SW, WW, C) (Davies 1965, Pils 2006). Alternatively, there is a division into four biogeographic regions following
Zohary (1973): (East) Mediterranean province (ca. WW, SW, SS), Euxinic province (ca. NW, NN, NE), Mesopotamian
province (ca. SSE), and Irano-Anatolian province (ca. C, EE, SE), which was used, e.g., for Lepidoptera (Hesselbarth et
al. 1995) or Orthoptera (Çıplak 2003). Malacologists use a division into eight units, which generally agrees with the division in Fig. 2; except the eastern part of the Black Sea Region is considered a distinct area (Schütt 2005).
Turkish Thrace (or Eastern Thrace, part of the larger historical territory called Rumelia) is referred to as
European Turkey in the zoological literature. It is the smallest part of the Turkish territory situated in the southeastern corner of the Balkan Peninsula, bordered by Bulgaria in the north, Greece and Aegean Sea in the west,
Marmara Sea in the south, and by the Black Sea in the east. The Turkish Thrace region with 24,378 km2 comprises about 3 % of Turkish territory and is thus much smaller than Anatolia. The region generally consists of
low altitudes with an average of 180 m above sea level, a value rather below the Turkey average of 1131 m. Altitudes between 0–250 m make 83.1 %, 250–500 m 13.4 %, and 500–1000 m 3.5 % of Turkish Thrace. Although
plains and plateaus cover most of the area of Turkish Thrace, some mountain formations with different relative
altitude and morphological structures are also present. Istranca Mountains in the north, Belgrad Forests in the
northeast, and Ganos Mountains in the south, are covered with humid type of forests at higher altitudes. The
southern sides of Istranca Mts. (up to 500–600 m), Çatalca Peninsula, Koru Mountains and Gelibolu Peninsula
in the south possess dry oak forests. The highest point of Turkish Thrace is Mahya Tepe in Istranca Mts. with
1035 m a.s.l. Ergene Basin in the central part of the region is covered with anthropogenic steppe used for agriculture (Dönmez 1969). Turkish Thrace and Anatolia are divided by the Marmara Sea which is delimited with
narrow straits, the Dardanelles (= Çanakkale Boğazı; width 1.2 to 6 km) in the west and the Bosporus (= İstanbul
Boğ azı; width 0.7 to 3.7 km) in the east. Administratively, Turkish Thrace is divided into five provinces: Edirne,
Kırklareli, Tekirdağ , and the European parts of İstanbul and Çanakkale provinces, which are partly on the Asian
side of the Marmara Region (Fig. 1).
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FIGURE 2. Map of Turkey with position of the major (bio)geographic regions.
As a zoogeographically distinct area, European Turkey is treated as a separate unit in most of the lists and
catalogues (e.g., Oshanin 1912, Josifov 1986a, Aukema & Rieger 1995). Josifov (1986a) listed only 226 species
of the Heteroptera in Turkish Thrace; for comparison, he listed 797 species from the adjacent southern lowland
part of Bulgaria. The rather monotonous natural conditions of Turkish Thrace do not support a high diversity of
the fauna, but 500–600 species could be expected in European Turkey. Turkish Thrace thus remains probably the
heteropterologically least explored European country of all.
Although Constantinople (currently İstanbul), the former capital of the Ottoman Empire, was already visited
by entomologists in the early 1800s and scattered records from this locality could be found in both the literature
and historical collections, the territory of Turkish Thrace remained seriously undersampled when compared to
Bulgaria and Greece as well as Anatolia. Scattered records from Turkish Thrace may be found in papers by Horváth (1918), Fahringer (1922), and Zwölfer (1930). Several records from Turkish Thrace were reported also in
the milestone works by Hoberlandt (1952a, 1956); however, only one European locality (Edirne) was sampled
by the expedition of the National Museum in Prague in 1947, compared to 54 localities in Anatolia (Hoberlandt
& Táborský 1952). Also, later, for the most only single records were published from European Turkey (e.g., Linnavuori 1965, Wagner 1966, Jansson 1983, Josifov 1986b, Davidová-Vilímová & Kment 2003, Kment et al.
2005, Kment & Jindra 2005, Kment & Baňař 2010, Şerban 2010). The only exceptions are the results of light
trap collecting in Edirne by Önder et al. (1984). Systematic research of the Heteroptera of Turkish Thrace began
in the 1970s, resulting in a series of recent papers (e.g., Lodos et al. 1978; Önder et al. 1984; Fent & Aktaç 1999,
2007, 2008, 2009; Arslangündoğ du & H2 zal 2010; Fent et al. 2010; Fent & Kment 2011).
The foundation paper on the Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha of Turkey is that of Hoberlandt (1952a), who also reviewed the previous scattered literature records. The first records of Enicocephalomorpha and Dipsocoromorpha were published by Hoberlandt (1956) and Linnavuori (1951), respectively. These
basic papers were followed by a series of contributions devoted to heteropteran faunistics in general (e.g., Linnavuori 1953, 1965, 1994; Seidenstücker 1957, 1979, 1960; Wagner 1966; Önder et al. 1983, 1984; Kment et al.
2005; Kment & Jindra 2005; Fent & Aktaç 2008) or taxonomic revisions of particular groups (e.g., Brooks
1951; Linnavuori 1951; Tamanini 1951, 1952, 1955a, 1970; Wróblewski 1962a,b, 1963; Seidenstücker 1963,
1964; Josifov 1967; Cobben 1969; Lindskog 1975; Jansson 1983, 1986b; Kanyukova 1973, 1995, 2000; Kanyukova & Kerzhner 1980; Perez Goodwyn 2006). Turkish species of Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha were also mentioned in several comprehensive monographs (Jansson 1986a, Péricart 1990, Kanyukova
2006). Papers dealing with regional water bug inventories were published more recently and all of them concerned Asian Turkey only (Özesmi & Önder 1988; Kıyak et al. 2004, 2007a, 2008; Balık et al. 2006; Salur &
Mesci 2009; Topkara et al. 2010, in prep.). Unfortunately, some of the more recent papers include also apparent
misidentifications, mainly because of relying on outdated monographs (Poisson 1957, Stichel 1958–1960) or
FENT ET AL.
monographs covering Turkish fauna only partially (Savage 1989, Péricart 1990), and ignoring most of the recent
identification keys and monographs (e.g., Tamanini 1958a,b, 1970; Jansson 1986a; Andersen 1990, 1994;
Kanyukova 1973, 1982, 1997, 2006; Lindskog 1975; Cobben 1985; Linnavuori 1998; Linnavuori & Hosseini
2000; Štys 2002a,b; Vinokurov 2004, 2007, 2009a, 2010; Streito & Péricart 2005; Heiss & Péricart 2007; Soós
et al. 2009). Recently, DNA sequences from true bug samples originating from Turkey were included in phylogenetic and phylogeographic anaylses by Damgaard et al. (2000) and Damgaard (2005, 2006, 2008a,b).
The Turkish fauna was treated by Nieser & Moubayed (1985) in a table summarizing the occurrence of
water bugs in the Near East, separately for northern and southern Turkey. A most important source of information is the Palaearctic Catalogue (Aukema & Rieger 1995), listing separately European and Asian parts of Turkey. The first annotated check-list of aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera of Turkey was compiled by Kıyak &
Özsaraç (2001). Finally, Önder et al. (2006) provided a catalogue of Turkish Heteroptera. However, this last
work lacks a critical overview, listing also synonyms, doubtful records, and previous misidentifications without
any comments, and especially lacking any references to the literature.
Materials and methods
Material from Turkish Thrace was collected between the years 1985 and 2010 from different wetland areas including lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, marshes, and their banks (Fig. 2 and Table 1). The samples were obtained by
using water net or kitchen stainers, and they were preserved in 70% ethanol. Also, some semi-aquatic specimens
were collected by light-trap. This portion of the material was collected by T. Kırgız, B. Çamur Elipek, and M. Fent,
and identified by M. Fent. In addition to this material, P. Kment examined the voucher specimens in Hoberlandt’s
collection kept in the National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic, including the specimens on which the paper by
Hoberlandt (1952a) is based, as well as new aquisitions of aquatic and semi-aquatic bugs in the National Museum
and some private collections.
The following acronyms of the collections are used in the text:
APVR
NMPC
TUET
ZJPC
ZMOC
Alexander A. Prokin Collection, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia;
National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic;
Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey;
Zdeněk Jindra Collection, National Museum, Praha, Czech Republic;
Zdeněk Malinka Collection, Opava, Czech Republic.
To identify the specimens, we used the following keys: Stichel (1955–1956), Tamanini (1955), Cobben (1960),
Poisson (1957), Jansson (1986a), Péricart (1990), Kanyukova (2006); and many specialized revisions, e.g., Andersen (1990, 1994), Kanyukova (1973, 1974, 1982, 1997), Linnavuori (1998), and Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Male genitalia were dissected to identify the specimens whenever needed. The following abbreviations are used to
mark the pterygopolymorphism of the specimens examined: ap—apterous, br—brachyperous, ma—macropterous,
mi—micropterous, sma—submacroperous.
Annotated catalogue
The system and nomenclature used in the catalogue mainly follow the appropriate chapters of the Palaearctic Catalogue (Aukema & Rieger 1995). All subsequent changes are commented and references to the appropriate papers
are given. Only the synonyms mentioned in papers dealing with Turkish fauna are listed; for complete synonymy
of each taxon see Aukema & Rieger (1995). The published records referring to Turkey are listed separately for
‘European Turkey’ (= Turkish Thrace) and ‘Asian Turkey’ (= Anatolia), those referring to the whole of Turkey are
quoted as ‘Turkey (not distinguished)’. The section ‘General distribution’ follows Aukema & Rieger (1995) with
corrections and additions published afterwards. The paragraph ‘Identification’ gives the most important references
recommended for secure identification of each particular species. All the taxa published from Turkey are divided
into three categories:
7
TABLE 1. Sampled localities in the Turkish Thrace with their habitats and collecting dates.
Locality number
Province
Locality
Habitat
Collecting Dates
1
Edirne
Süleoğlu—Demirhanlı Lake
lake
03.xi.1985
25.v.1987
2
Edirne
Center—Bölge Trafik
brook
15.iii.1986
3
Kırklareli
Dereköy—Çağlayan
stream
25.iv.1986
4
Kırklareli
Kofçaz 10 km under brook
stream
18.vi.1986
5
Kırklareli
Sarpdere
stream
18.vi.1986
6
Tekirdağ
Kınalı Stream
stream
16.ix.1986
7
Edirne
Değirmenyeni village
brook
18.ix.1986
8
Edirne
Süleoğlu (stream under dam)
stream
21.ix.1986
9
Kırklareli
Babaeski—Lahana village
trough
24.ix.1986
10
Edirne
Enez—Gala Lake
lake
26.ix.1986
11
Edirne
Center—Güllapoğlu stream
stream
12.vi.1987
23.iii.1990
12.v.1999
09.v.2005
15.xi.2008
01.vi.2009
10.vi.2009
12
Edirne
Süleoğlu—Keramettin Dam
lake
14.xi.1987
13
Edirne
Oğulpaşa Stream
stream
01.vi.1989
14
Edirne
Kemalköy Pond
pond
09.iii.1991
15
Edirne
Ahiköy Pond
pond
09.iii.1991
16
Edirne
Budakdoğanca Pond
pond
09.iii.1991
17
Edirne
Keşan—Kürekli Pond
pond
17.viii.1991
18
Edirne
Gölbaba Lake
lake
30.viii.1991
19
Edirne
Karaağaç
light trap
07.ix.1992
20
Edirne
near Musabeyli Pond
trough
13.v.1996
21
İstanbul
Silivri—Selimpaşa
stream
27.ix.1997
22
Kırklareli
Dereköy—Bizim Pond
pond
18.x.1996
23
Kırklareli
Sarpdere—Dupnisa
stream
18.x.1996
17.vi.2002
24
Kırklareli
Kırklareli, city center
stream
02.xi.1996
25
İstanbul
Büyükçekmece (Tepecik) Lake
lake
27.xi.1997
26
Kırklareli
near Hamam Lake
stream
15.iii.1999
27
Kırklareli
Hamam Lake
lake
15.iii.1999
28
Kırklareli
Erikli Lake
lake
15.iii.1999
29
Kırklareli
Bulanıkdere Stream
stream
27.iii.2008
30
Kırklareli
Asmal Stream
stream
27.iii.2008
31
Kırklareli
Asker Stream
stream
17.vi.2008
32
Tekirdağ
Malkara—Kadıköy Pond
pond
04.xi.2008
33
Edirne
Uzunköprü—Salarlı
rice plant field
20.vii.2009
34
Edirne
Yıldırım street
light-trap
15.ix.2009
35
Edirne
Suakacağı village
rice plant field
30.ix.2009
36
Tekirdağ
Malkara-Izgar village
stream
24.iii.2010
FENT ET AL.
i) Accepted records. These are reliable published records and/or we were able to revise material from Turkey.
We also accept the records from ‘European Turkey’, ‘Asian Turkey’, and ‘Turkey’ by Jansson (1986a, 1995), Josifov (1986a), Péricart (1990), Kanyukova (1995a), Polhemus (1995a–f), Andersen (1995), and Lindskog (1995), for
these authors examined and identified numerous material in various museums and institutions, even if they did not
publish the exact localities.
ii) Records in need of confirmation. This section includes species likely to occur in Turkey, but without reliable records that need revision; and species previously published from Turkey whose records need to be re-examined because of recent progress in taxonomy.
iii) Rejected records. This section includes species recorded from Turkey by error and later corrected, as well
as species whose occurrence in Turkey is not probable because of their distribution pattern; as well as those for
which their recent records are probably based on misidentifications.
All the records are summarized in Table 2.
IIa. Accepted records
ENICOCEPHALOMORPHA Stichel, 1955
ENICOCEPHALIDAE Stål, 1860
ENICOCEPHALINAE Stål, 1860
Enicocephalini Stål, 1860
Henschiella Horváth, 1888
Subgenus Henschiella s. str.
Henschiella (Henschiella) pellucida Horváth, 1888
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1956), Štys (1968, 1970a), Kerzhner (1995a), Önder et al. (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Önder & Lodos (1988, as Henicocephalus pellicidus [sic!]).
Distribution. Bosnia and Herzegovina, Armenia, Anatolia, Iraq, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Kerzhner 1995a).
Identification. Štys (1968, 1970a, species identification; 2002a, key to genera).
DIPSOCOROMORPHA Miyamoto, 1961
DIPSOCORIDAE Dohrn, 1859
= CRYPTOSTEMMATIDAE Bergroth, 1914
Alpagut Kıyak, 1995
= Harpago Linnavuori, 1951 (preoccupied)
= Raunocoris Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2009 (syn. Péricart 2010: 286)
Comment. Harpago Linnavuori, 1951 was described as a subgenus of Cryptostemma Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835. It
was raised to genus rank by Pluot-Sigwalt & Péricart (2003).
Nomenclature. The name Harpago Linnavuori, 1951 is a junior homonym of Harpago Mörch, 1852 (Mollusca:
Gastropoda) (see Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga 2009). Kıyak (1995) proposed a replacement name, Alpagut Kıyak,
1995, for Harpago Linnavuori, 1951. Unfortunately, Kıyak (1995) did not contact Rauno Linnavuori to aware him
about the homonymy as is required by the Code of ethics (§3, ICZN 1999: 124). Moreover, he published this
nomenclatorial act in a journal not indexed in the Zoological Record, Nomenclator Zoologicus, or a similar reference database. For these reasons, his action was overlooked by all other authors, including the Palaearctic Catalogue (Kerzhner 1995b) and the monograph by Heiss & Péricart (2007). Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga (2009)
correctly recognized and reviewed the homonymy of Harpago Linnavuori, 1951, but overlooked Kıyak’s (1995)
action; they unnecesarily proposed Raunocoris Baena & Alonso-Zarazaga, 2009. Despite the unethical aspect of
Kıyak’s action, Alpagut is the oldest available name for Harpago Linnavuori, 1951, and Raunocoris must be
regarded as its junior synonym. The synonymy of Raunocoris with Alpagut was finally established by Péricart
(2010), as well as one new combination: Alpagut castaneovitreus (Linnavuori, 1951).
9
Kıyak (1995) did not explain the etymology of Alpagut nor explained its gender. In Turkish, alpagut is a noun
meaning warrior, brave, hero, spartan; ‘alpagut’ is a title attributed to princes and brave-hearted individuals of
anciet times of Turkish people. As Turkish language does not recognize grammatical gender, and because Alpagut
was established as a subgenus of Cryptostemma, i.e., without combination with any species name, we cannot apply
the Articles 30.2.1. and 30.2.3. of the ICZN (1999). For these reasons, the gender of Alpagut is arbitrarily established as masculine by application of the Article 30.2.4: ‘If no gender was specified or indicated, the name is to be
treated as masculine, except that, if the name ends in –a the gender is feminine, and if it ends in –um, -on, or –u the
gender is neuter’ (ICZN 1999). Also Péricart (2010) used the name Alpagut as masculine though without any comment.
The genus Alpagut currently includes three species, two of them combined here with that generic name for the
first time:
Alpagut castaneovitreus (Linnavuori, 1951)
Alpagut maroccanus (Wagner, 1960) comb. nov.
Alpagut medius (Rey, 1888) comb. nov.
Alpagut castaneovitreus (Linnavuori, 1951) comb. nov.
Asian Turkey. Linnavuori (1951, as Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus, types), Hoberlandt (1956, as Dipsocoris (Harpago) castaneovitreum), Kerzhner (1995b, as Cryptostemma castaneovitreum), Streito & Péricart
(2005, as Harpago castaneovitreum), Önder et al. (2006, as Cryptostemma castaneovitreum), Heiss & Péricart
(2007, as Harpago castaneovitreum).
Turkey (not distinguished). Linnavuori (1958, as Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreus).
General distribution. Albania, Greece, Bulgaria, Ukraine (Crimea), Anatolia (Kerzhner 1995b, Heiss & Péricart
2007). The record of Cryptostemma (Harpago) medium Rey, 1888 from Hungary by Torma (2005) very probably
belongs to this species as well.
Comment. Péricart (2002) synonymized Cryptostemma (Harpago) castaneovitreum with C. (H.) medium but this
opinion was rejected by Streito & Péricart (2005), who redescribed Harpago medium and restored H. castaneovitreum as a distinct species (see also Heiss & Péricart (2007)).
Identification. Streito & Péricart (2005), Heiss & Péricart (2007).
Cryptostemma Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835
Comment. Kerzhner (1995a) listed Harpago Linnavuori, 1951 and Pachycoleus Fieber, 1860 as subgenera of
Cryptostemma, both of which are currently regarded as distinct genera (e.g., Štys 1990, Pluot-Sigwalt & Péricart
2003, Heiss & Péricart 2007).
Cryptostemma remanei Josifov, 1964
Asian Turkey. Josifov (1967), Kerzhner (1995b), Heiss & Péricart (2007).
Turkey (not distinguished). Önder et al. (2006).
Distribution. France, Italy, Bulgaria, Anatolia (Josifov 1967, Kerzhner 1995b, Heiss & Péricart 2007).
Identification. Josifov (1964), Heiss & Péricart (2007).
NEPOMORPHA Popov, 1968
NEPOIDEA Latreille, 1802
NEPIDAE Latreille, 1802
NEPINAE Latreille, 1802
Nepini Latreille, 1802
Nepa Linnaeus, 1758
FENT ET AL.
Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
= Nepa rubra Linnaeus, 1758
= Nepa dollfusi Esaki, 1928
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Center—Bölge Trafik (loc. 2), 1 ♂; Süleoğlu (loc.
8), 4 larvae; Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). Kırklareli province: Dereköy—Bizim Göl [pond] (loc. 22), 1 ♂; Kırklareli, city center (loc. 24), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Aydın province: Aydın, 15.vi.1968, 1 ♀, Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bolu province: Örencik env.,
Abant Gölü [lake], 23.–24.vi.1969, 1 ♀, Riva & V. Cottarelli lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Nemrout Dagh (274) [=
Nemrut Dağı [Mts.], there are two well known locations of that name in Adıyaman and Bitlis provinces)],
27.ix.1956, 2 ♀♀, K. Lindberg lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995a), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1919), Kiritshenko (1918), Fahringer (1922), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker
(1963, as N. dollfusi), Polhemus (1995a), Bat et al. (2000), Kıyak et al. (2004), _nder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al.
(2007a), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as N. rubra), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001),
Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Palaearctic Region, reaching from Ireland and north-western Africa to Central Asia, northern China, and Russian Far East (Polhemus 1995a, Protić 1998, Kanyukova 2008).
Comment. Seidenstücker (1963) regarded N. dollfusi as a senior synonym of N. sardiniensis Hungerford, 1928.
This synonymy was not accepted by Nieser (1978), and N. sardiniensis remains a valid species endemic to Corsica
and Sardinia (Polhemus 1995a). Polhemus et al. (1994) synonymized N. dollfusi with N. cinerea (see also Polhemus 1995a).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Nieser et al. (1994), Linnavuori &
Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
RANATRINAE Douglas & Scott, 1865
Ranatrini Douglas & Scott, 1865
Ranatra Fabricius, 1790
Subgenus Ranatra s. str.
Ranatra (Ranatra) linearis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Süleoğlu (loc. 8), 1 ♀; Enez—Gala Gölü [lake]
(loc. 10), 1 ♀; Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). Kırklareli province: Babaeski—
Lahana village (loc. 9), 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). İstanbul province: Büyükçekmece (Tepecik) Gölü [lake]
(loc. 25), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995a), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Özesmi & Önder (1988), Polhemus (1995a), Bat
et al. (2000), Kıyak et al. (2004), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Palaearctic Region, reaching from Great Britain and Morocco to Iran, Central Asia, northwestern China (Xinjiang), and East Siberia (east to Altai Mts. and Yenisey river) (Polhemus 1995a, Protić 1998,
Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Chen et al. 2004, Coulianos 2005, Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Kanyukova (1989, 2006), Nieser
et al. (1994), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
11
BELOSTOMATIDAE Leach, 1815
LETHOCERINAE Lauck & Menke, 1961
Lethocerus Mayr, 1853
Comment. Perez Goodwyn (2006) raised the Nearctic subgenus Benacus Stål, 1861 and resurrected the synonym
Kirkaldyia Montandon, 1909, both as valid genera. Therefore, Lethocerus Mayr, 1853 includes now only the nominotypical subgenus.
Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854)
= Belostoma cordofanum (non Mayr, 1853)
= Lethocerus niloticus (non Stål, 1854)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Enez—Gala Gölü [lake] (loc. 10), 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀;
Center –Yıldırım street (loc. 34), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). Kırklareli province: Asker Deresi [stream] (loc. 31), 1
♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). Tekirdağ province: Malkara—Kadıköy Göleti [pond] (loc. 32), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995b), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as L. niloticus), Kanyukova & Kerzhner (1980), Polhemus (1995b), Önder et
al. (2006), Perez Goodwyn (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as Belostoma cordofanum), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Önder &
Lodos (1988, as Belostoma cordofanum), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Balkan Peninsula, Anatolia, Israel, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, the United Arab Emirates,
Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Oriental Region (Pakistan, India, Nepal, Burma) (Polhemus 1995b, Protić 1998,
Perez Goodwyn 2006). Recently the species was recorded from Italy (Olivieri 2009).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Perez Goodwyn (2006).
OCHTEROIDEA Kirkaldy, 1906 (1815)
OCHTERIDAE Kirkaldy, 1906 (1815)
= PELOGONIDAE Leach, 1815
Ochterus Latreille, 1807
= Pelogonus Latreille, 1809
Subgenus Ochterus s. str.
Ochterus (Ochterus) marginatus marginatus (Latreille, 1804)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Antalya province: 80 km NE of Antalya, Beşkonak, Köprülü canyon,
7.ix.1992, 2 ♀♀ 1 larva (instar 5), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995c), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883, as Pelegonus [sic!] marginatus), Lindberg (1922b), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!),
Linnavuori (1965), Polhemus (1995c), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Şerban (2010); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Önder & Lodos (1988), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Southern Europe, northern and tropical Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Daghestan,
Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Saudia Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan,
China, Taiwan, Korea, Russian Far East (Kunashir Island), Japan, and tropical Asia (Polhemus 1995c, Protić 1998,
Katbeh et al. 2000, Kanyukova 2006, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
FENT ET AL.
CORIXOIDEA Leach, 1815
MICRONECTIDAE Jaczewski, 1924
MICRONECTINAE Jaczewski, 1924
Comment. Nieser (2002) raised the subfamilies Diaprepocorinae and Micronectinae to family status, in the
superfamily Corixoidea, thus including three families: Diaprepocoridae, Micronectidae, and Corixidae. Nieser &
Chen (2006) described a new subfamily within Micronectidae, Synaptogobiinae Nieser & Chen, 2006, including a
single Neotropical genus Synaptogobia Nieser & Chen, 2006. The nominotypical subfamily Micronectinae
includes five genera, Micronecta Jaczewski, 1924, Papuanecta Tinerella, 2008 and Synaptonecta Lundblad, 1933
from the Old World, and Tenagobia Bergroth, 1899 and Monogobia Nieser & Chen, 2006 from the Neotropical
Region. These changes were accepted by most subsequent authors (e.g., Kurzątkowska 2003, Ituarte & Papeschi
2004, Morrone et al. 2004, Chen et al. 2005, Grozeva et al. 2008, Tinerella 2008, Konopko et al. 2010, Weirauch &
Schuh 2011). However, this action was critised by Andersen & Weir (2004). Nobody also considered the position
and phylogenetic relationships of fossil subfamilies Archaeocorixinae, Corixonectinae, and Velocorixinae within
Corixoidea (cf. Popov 1986). Hebsgaard et al. (2004) confirmed the monophyly of Corixoidea, but failed in
sequencing Micronectinae DNA, so the phylogenetic relationships within the superfamily remains untested.
Micronecta Kirkaldy, 1897
Subgenus Dichaetonecta Hutchinson, 1940
Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) pusilla (Horváth, 1895)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Çatalan env., Çatalan Barajı [dam] (N 37°16′07.8″ E
35°17′34.2″), littoral, 143 m a.s.l., 8.v.2007, 16 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Konya province:
Konya, 31.viii.1947, 1 ♂ (br), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge
Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), northern shore by university station, 25.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC).
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as unrevised; 1995), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Wróblewski (1963), Linnavuori (1965), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Özesmi & Önder
(1988), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Hungary, Ukraine, South European Territory of Russia, Balkan Peninsula, Anatolia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Syria, Iraq, Central Asia (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Prokin et al. 2009).
Identification. Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) scholtzi (Fieber, 1860)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Edirne, 8.–13.vi.1947, 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (br), Exp. N.
Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as M. vitticeps, misidentification); this paper. New species for Turkish
fauna.
General distribution. Western, Central, and southern Europe (including Greece and Bulgaria), Ukraine, northwestern Africa (Jansson 1995, Putshkov & Putshkov 1996, Protić 1998, Rabitsch & Zettel 2000, Gerend 2006,
Kanyukova 2006; A. Prokin, pers. comm.).
Identification. Jansson (1986a), Kanyukova (2006).
Subgenus Micronecta s. str.
Micronecta (Micronecta) anatolica anatolica Lindberg, 1922
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922a, types), Hoberlandt (1952a, paratypes of M. wui alkani from Suluhan), M. perpl-
13
exa (partim)); Wróblewski (1962b), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al.
(2007a), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies is distributed in Asian territory from Anatolia and Israel to
Yemen, northern and south-eastern China, and Vietnam (Jansson 1995). Micronecta anatolica seistanica Hutchinson, 1940 was reported from Afghanistan, Iran, and Central Asia (Wróblewski 1963, Jansson 1995).
Comment. The series of paratypes of M. wui alkani from the locality ‘Suluhan’ belong to M. anatolica (Wróblewski 1962b, Jansson 1986a). One (slide-mounted) male and the card-mounted macropterous female from ‘Abacılar
(Çakıt),’ identified as Micronecta perplexa by Hoberlandt (1952a), belong to this species (P. Kment revid.; see also
Wróblewski 1962b).
Identification. Wróblewski (1962b), Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Micronecta (Micronecta) griseola Horváth, 1899
= Micronecta perplexa Horváth, 1899
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Edirne, 8.–13.vi.1947, 1 ♂ (br), Exp. N. Mus.
ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). ASIAN TURKEY: Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E
37°37′), northern shore by university station, 25.vi.2002, 8 ♂♂ 10 ♀♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Önder et al. (1984, 2006); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Wróblewski (1963), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al.
(2007a); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as M. perplexa), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Europe, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, and Tajikistan (Jansson 1995, Aukema et al. 2000, Rabitsch & Zettel 2000, Brooke & Nau 2003, Biesiadka & Kurzątkowska 2003,
Coulianos 2003, Gogala 2003, Cuppen & Nelson 2007).
Comments. Concerning the specimens identified as M. perplexa by Hoberlandt (1952a), one male and one female
from ‘Abacılar (Çakıt)’ belong to M. anatolica, and one female from ‘Afrin by Musabeyli’ probably to M. wui
alkani (P. Kment revid.; see also Wróblewski 1962b).
Micronecta (Micronecta) wui alkani Hoberlandt, 1952
= M. wui kosswigi Hoberlandt, 1952
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Torunsolaklı env., Eğlence village, Eğlence Çayı
[stream] (N 37°17′52.9″ E 35°13′23.6″), 116 m a.s.l., shallow bank of river with muddy substrate, 8.v.2007, 2 ♂♂
11 ♀♀ (ma) 4 ♂♂ 11 ♀♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Erzincan province: Çağlayan (N 39°36′ E 39°42′),
valley above waterfall, brook, 23.vi.2002, 6 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Kilis province: Afrin by
Musabeyli, 20.viii.1947, 8 ♂♂ 11 ♀♀ (br), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara
env., Demiryurt (N 39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), river above the village, 26.vi.2002, 6 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma) 4 larvae, P.
Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952: M. w. alkani, types (partim); M. w. kosswigi, types; ?M. perplexa (partim)), Wróblewski (1962a), Jansson (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Anatolia, Israel (Jansson 1995).
Comment. Micronecta wui kosswigi was synonymized with M. wui alkani by Wróblewski (1962b). The series of
paratypes of M. wui alkani from the locality ‘Suluhan’ (Hoberlandt 1952a) belongs to M. anatolica (Wróblewski
1962b, Jansson 1986a). One macropterous female from locality ‘Afrin by Musabeyli’ published by Hoberlandt
(1952a) as M. perplexa, probably belongs to M. wui alkani as well (P. Kment revid.).
Identification. Hoberlandt (1952a), Wróblewski (1962a).
FENT ET AL.
CORIXIDAE Leach, 1815
CYMATIAINAE Walton, 1940
Cymatia Flor, 1860
Cymatia rogenhoferi (Fieber, 1864)
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!); Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder
et al. (2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova
(2006).
General distribution. Southern and central Europe, Morocco, Algeria, Asian territory from Turkey to Western
Siberia, northern China, and India (Jansson 1995, Derjanschi 1995, Gheit 1995, Protić 1998). This species is currently spreading in western Europe—in northern France (Elder 2002, Jacquemin 2005), Belgium (Baugnée 2005),
the Netherlands (Kelleher & van der Velde 2001), and Great Britain (Nau & Brooke 2006).
CORIXINAE Leach, 1815
Glaenocorisini Thomson, 1869
Monticorixa Štys, 1975
Monticorixa armeniaca (Štys, 1975)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Ardahan province: 12 km E Şavşat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0′ E
42°30.6′), 2430–2485 m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks,
2.–3.vii.2004, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986a, as Arctocorisa (Monticorixa) armeniaca, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al.
(2006); this paper.
General distribution. Armenia, Georgia, Anatolia (Štys 1975; Jansson 1986a, 1995; Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Jansson (1986a): ‘Known only from the Caucasus area and one locality in Turkey (the latter record is
based on female specimens that had been identified as A. carinata, and it is probable that all the previous records of
A. carinata from Turkey actually concern A. armeniaca).’ Önder et al. (2006) listed M. armeniaca from Mersin
province. The record of Arctocorisa carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) from Girdev lake (Antalya province) by Kıyak
et al. (2006) may belong to this species as well.
Identification. Štys (1975), Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Corixini Leach, 1815
Callicorixa White, 1873
Callicorixa raddei (Kiritshenko & Jaczewski, 1960)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Ardahan province: 12 km E Şavşat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0′ E
42°30.6′), 2430–2485 m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks,
2.–3.vii.2004, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Göle env., 1 km E Senemoğlu village
(N 40°47.0′ E 42°40.5′), 2080 m a.s.l., dry steppe slopes of river valley, 8.vii.2004, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt.,
P. Kment det. (NMPC). Erzurum province: 15 km SW Erzurum, Palandöken Dağları [Mts.], Tekederesi village env.
(N 39°49.0′ E 41°08.7′—N 39°46.1′ E 41°10.3′), 1930–2625 m a.s.l., springs, pools, steppes and meadows, margin
of snow fields, 26.–28.vi.2004, 1 ♂, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); 15 km W Erzurum (N
15
39°52′ E 41°07′), pools, 1950 m a.s.l., 1.vii.2001, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko & Jaczewski (1960), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006),
Dursun (2011); this paper.
General distribution. Armenia, Georgia, north-eastern Anatolia (Kiritshenko & Jaczewski 1960; Jansson 1986a,
1995; Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Kiritshenko & Jaczewski (1960), Jansson (1986a), Kanyukova (2006).
Corixa Geoffroy, 1762
Corixa affinis Leach, 1817
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Değirmenyeni village (loc. 7), 1 ♂; Süleoğlu
(stream under dam) (loc. 8), 7 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀; Keramettin Barajı [dam] (loc. 12), 3 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀; Güllapoğlu Deresi
[stream] (loc. 11), 2 ♀♀; Kemalköy Göleti [pond] (loc. 14), 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Gölbaba [lake] (loc. 18), 1 ♂; near Musabeyli
Göleti [pond] (loc. 20), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET); Edirne env. (N 41°37′ E 26°37′), flooded meadow, drain, 225 m
a.s.l., 16.vi.2001, 2 ♂♂, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Kırklareli province: Kofçaz
10 km under brook (loc. 4), 2 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Aydın province: Aydın, 15.vi.1968, 1
♂ 1 ♀, Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Erzincan province: ca. 40 km SE of Erzincan, near Çağlayan, Bursa village env., 10.–14.vii.1997, 1 ♀, P. Průdek & M. Říha lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Osmaniye province: Haruniye [=
Düziçi], vi.1953, 1 ♀, Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Jansson (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, as Macrocorisa affinis), Fahringer (1922), Poisson (1925, as Corisa affinis), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as C. affinis affinis), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker (1959), Wagner (1966),
Önder & Adıgüzel (1979), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Kıyak et al. (2004, 2007a), Balık et al.
(2006), Önder et al. (2006), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, C. affinis affinis), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries (mostly along sea coasts and in Pannonian lowland in Central Europe), north Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan, Syria, Yemen,
Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, and India (Nieser & Moubayed 1985; Jansson 1986a, 1995; Protić 1998; Katbeh et al.
2000; Gogala 2003; Damgaard 2008d).
Comment. 15 ♀♀ from locality ‘Konya’, identified as C. affinis by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong to C. jakowleffi,
while 1 ♀ from ‘Kızılviran’ identified as C. panzeri by Hoberlandt (1952a) is in fact C. affinis (P. Kment revid.).
Corixa dentipes Thomson, 1869
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Jansson
(1995), Önder et al. (2006), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Northern, western, Central, and eastern Europe, Siberia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Asian part
of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and northern China (Jansson 1995, Jorigtoo & Nonnaizab 1996, Kanyukova
2006).
Corixa jakowleffi Horváth, 1880
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Konya province: Konya, 31.viii.1947, 4 ♂♂ 23 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR
lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
FENT ET AL.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as C. panzeri (partim) and C. affinis (partim)), Seidenstücker (1957, as C. jakovlevi), Seidenstücker (1959, as C. jakowlewi), Jansson (1986a, in map as unrevised), Özesmi & Önder (1988),
Jansson (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. South European Territory of Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Anatolia, Israel, Iraq, Iran, and
Central Asia (Jansson 1995, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000).
Comment. The following specimens from locality ‘Konya’, 4 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ identified as C. panzeri, and 15 ♀♀ identified as C. affinis, both by Hoberlandt (1952a), belong in fact to C. jakowleffi (P. Kment revid.).
Identification. Jaczewski (1962), Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Corixa panzeri Fieber, 1848
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Enez—Gala Gölü [lake] (loc. 10), 5 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M.
Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. First record from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Chicote (1882, Corisa Panzeri), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised),
Wagner (1966), Yıldırım et al. (1999), Balık et al. (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Distributed in western, Central, southern, and eastern Europe (mostly along the sea coasts,
with rather isolated area in Pannonian lowland in Central Europe), North Africa, Anatolia, Georgia, Azerbaijan,
Iran, and Tajikistan (Jansson 1986a, 1995; Protić 1998; Rabitsch & Zettel 2000; Dolmen 2004; Straka et al. 2009;
Kment & Beran 2011).
Comment. From the material examined by Hoberlandt (1952a) as C. panzeri, 4 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ from locality ‘Konya’
belong to C. jakowleffi, and 1 ♀ from ‘Kızılviran’ belongs to C. affinis (P. Kment revid.); only the single female
from ‘Emir gölü’ seems to be true C. panzeri; however, identification of females is problematical.
Corixa punctata (Illiger, 1807)
= Corixa geoffroyi Leach, 1817
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Süleoğlu (stream under dam) (loc. 8), 1♂ 4 ♀♀;
Keramettin Barajı [dam] (loc. 12), 10 ♂♂ 16 ♀♀; Kemalköy Göleti [pond] (loc. 14), 1♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
İstanbul province: Silivri, 2.viii.1980, 1 ♂, Seifert lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Kırklareli province: Dereköy—
Bizim Göl [pond] (loc. 22), 2 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. First record from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883, as Corisa Geoffroyi), Oshanin (1910, as Macrocorisa geoffroyi), Fahringer (1922,
as C. Geoffroyi), Poisson (1925, as Corisa geoffroyi), Gadeau de Kerville (1939), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!),
Linnavuori (1965), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Yıldırım et al. (1999), Kıyak et al. (2004), Balık et
al. (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011).
(2006).
General distribution. Most of European countries, north-western Africa, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Iran, Central
Asia, north-eastern China, India (Jansson 1995, Lukashuk 1997, Protić 1998, Kanyukova 2006).
Hesperocorixa Kirkaldy, 1908
Hesperocorixa linnaei (Fieber, 1848)
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Aukema (2009).
17
Asian Turkey. Fieber (1848, as Corisa linnæi, syntype(s)), Poisson (1925, as Arctocorisa Linnei), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as Sigara (Anticorixa) Linnei), Önder et al. (1981), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Özesmi &
Önder (1988), Jansson (1995), Önder et al. (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as H. linnéi), Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as H. linnei), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Iran, Central Asia, and Siberia (Jansson 1995, Gheit 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Kment & Beran 2011).
Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860)
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, H. occulta, misidentification; revised!), Seidenstücker (1959, 1963), Önder et
al. (1981), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a).
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Spain, Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Poland, Ukraine, Transcaucasia, Anatolia, Egypt, Israel,
Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Iran (Nieser & Moubayed 1985; Jansson 1986a, 1995; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000;
Gogala 2003; Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Omitted from Asian Turkey in Jansson (1995).
Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber, 1848)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Bolu province: Akçaalan env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake], small
pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. This paper. New species for the Turkish fauna.
General distribution. Euro-Siberian species, distributed in most of Europe, West and East Siberia, Asian part of
Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Iran (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998).
Paracorixa Poisson, 1957
Paracorixa concinna concinna (Fieber, 1848)
European Turkey. Önder et al. (1984, 2006).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as Callicorixa c.; revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Önder et al.
(2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as Callicorixa c.), Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as Callicorixa c.), Kıyak
& Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Distributed in most of the Europe, Georgia, Armenia, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Siberia, Mongolia, and north-western China (Jansson 1995; Hufnagel 1997, 1998a; Protić 1998;
Coulianos 2003; Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Omitted from Turkey in Jansson (1995).
Sigara Fabricius, 1775
Subgenus Eremocorixa Jaczewski, 1968
FENT ET AL.
Sigara (Eremocorixa) iranica Lindberg, 1964
(Figs. 3–8)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Ardahan province: Göle env., 1 km E Senemoğlu village (N 40°47.0′ E
42°40.5′), 2080 m a.s.l., dry steppe slopes of river valley, 8.vii.2004, 1 ♂ (Figs. 3–8), J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). Van province: ca. 55 km NE Van, Dürükaş, environs of Van Gölü [lake] (N 38°56′ E 43°38′),
1655 m a.s.l., 23.vi.2003, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); ca. 40 km SW Van, Gevaş env. (N
38°16′ E 43°03′), 1880 m a.s.l., 28.–29.vi.2003, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. This paper. New species for the Turkish fauna.
General distribution. Iran (Lindberg 1964, Jansson 1995).
Identification. Lindberg (1964), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
FIGURES 3–8. Sigara (Eremocorixa) iranica Lindberg, 1964, male (Ardahan province: Göle env.; 6.2 mm): 3—habitus, 4—
male pala in ventral view, 5—male abdomen in dorsal view, 6—strigil, 7—left paramere, 8—right paramere.
19
Subgenus Halicorixa Walton, 1940
Sigara (Halicorixa) mayri (Fieber, 1860)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Adana, 1.–3.viii.1947, 1 ♂, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as unrevised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Poisson (1925), Kerville (1939), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker (1959), Linnavuori
(1965), Wagner (1966), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as S. (Sigara) mayri), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001).
General distribution. Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Romania, Anatolia, Cyprus, Egypt; halobiont species (Jansson
1986a, 1995).
Comment. There is no exact record of the species from Turkish Thrace, its occurrence there needs final confirmation.
Identification. Jansson (1986a).
Subgenus Pseudovermicorixa Jaczewski, 1962
Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata nigrolineata (Fieber, 1848)
= Corisa fabricii Fieber, 1851
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 2 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀,
M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Adana, 1.–3.viii.1947, 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P.
Kment (NMPC); 10 km N Adana, Karaömerli env., littoral of Seyhan Barajı [dam] (N 37°07′ E 35°20′), 80 m a.s.l.,
21.–22.vi.2001, 2 ♀♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); 45 km N Adana, 1 km W Boztahta (N 37°23′ E 35°12′), river and springs, 24.–25.vi.2001, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment
det. (NMPC). Antalya province: Manavgat env., low-mountain pine forest, 20.ii.2008, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, K. Tomkovich lgt.,
P. Kment det. (APVR). Ardahan province: 12 km E Şavşat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0′ E 42°30.6′), 2430–2485
m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks, 2.–3.vii.2004, 1 ♀, J.
Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bolu province: Akçaalan env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake],
small pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004, 2 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Erzurum province: 15 km W Erzurum
(N 39°52′ E 41°07′), pools, 1950 m a.s.l., 1.vii.2001, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC). Mersin province: Evkafçiftliği, Göksu Nehri [river] canyon (N 36°27′23.6″ E 33°38′12.3″), puddle in
drying brook, 5.v.2007, 3 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 2 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Van province: ca.
40 km SW Van, Gevaş env. (N 38°16′ E 43°03′), 1880 m a.s.l., 28.–29.vi.2003, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt.,
P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Josifov (1986a), Önder et al.
(1984, 2006), Jansson (1995), Aukema (2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918, as Arctocorisa fabricii var. nigrolineata), Poisson (1925, as Arctocorisa Fabricii), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as Sigara (Sigara) nigrolineata), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker
(1959, 1963), Linnavuori (1965), Önder et al. (1981), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Kıyak et al. (2004),
Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Koçak & Kemal (2010), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as S. (Sigara) nigrolineata), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak &
Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies is distributed in entire Europe, north-western Africa, Cyprus,
Transcaucasia, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and the Asian part of Kazakhstan (Jansson 1995; Protić 1998,
2001; Kanyukova 2006). Sigra nigrolineata mendax Heiss & Jansson, 1986 is endemic to Crete and some adjacent
islands (Jansson 1986a, 1995).
FENT ET AL.
Comment. Omitted from Asian Turkey in Jansson (1995).
Identification. Jansson (1986), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Subgenus Retrocorixa Walton, 1940
Sigara (Retrocorixa) limitata limitata (Fieber, 1848)
(Figs. 9–10)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Suakacağı village (loc. 35), 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent det.
(TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Ardahan province: 12 km E Şavşat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0′ E 42°30.6′),
2430–2485 m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks, 2.–
3.vii.2004, 1 ♂ (Figs. 9–10) 2 ♀♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Kment et al. (2005); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006); this
paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as S. (Sigara) limitata), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, Anatolia, Georgia, Asian part of Kazakhstan,
and West Siberia (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2008, Prokin et al. 2009).
Comment. The examined male from ‘Çam Geçidi’ differs remarkably in the arangement of palar pegs from the
typical specimens of the species, but as there is also a large difference between the right and left pala of the same
specimen (Figs. 9–10) and the remaining characters fits this species, we interpret this specimen as a case of teratology.
FIGURES 9–10. Sigara (Retrocorixa) limitata limitata (Fieber, 1848), male (Ardahan province: Çam Geçidi): right (Fig. 9)
and left (Fig. 10) pala in ventral view.
Subgenus Sigara s. str.
Sigara (Sigara) albiventris (Horváth, 1911)
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1957, 1959), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Kanyukova (1995b), Jansson
(1995), Kanyukova (2000), Önder et al. (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Anatolia, Israel, Syria, and Iraq (Jansson 1995). The previous records from Azerbaijan and
Daghestan were based on misidentified specimens of S. striata (Kanyukova 1995b, 2000; Jansson 1995).
Comment. The record from ‘İşaklı’ by Hoberlandt (1952a) belongs in fact to S. kervillei.
21
Sigara (Sigara) assimilis (Fieber, 1848)
European Turkey. Jansson (1995), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker (1959), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Önder et
al. (2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010).
(2006).
General distribution. Hungary, Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine, South European Territory of Russia, Transcaucasia,
Anatolia, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia, northern China, Mongolia,
West Siberia, and Japan (Jansson 1995, Jorigtoo & Nonnaizab 1996, Hayashi et al. 2001, Kanyukova 2008, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
Comment. Omitted from Asian Turkey in the catalogue by Jansson (1995).
Identification. Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2000, 2006).
Sigara (Sigara) striata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Enez—Gala Gölü [lake] (loc. 10), 4 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀, M.
Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Antalya province: 45 km NNE Antalya, Sağırin env. (N 37°00′ E 31°13′),
river, 85 m a.s.l., 19.vi.2001, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). İzmir province:
Bergama district, Kabakum village (N of Dikili) (N 39°04′ E 26°52′), light-trap, 4.–5.v.2002, 1 ♀, D. Král lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918, as Arctocorisa striata), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as
revised), Özesmi & Önder (1988), Jansson (1995), Yıldırım et al. (1999), Kıyak et al. (2004), Önder et al. (2006),
Kıyak et al. (2007a), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955).
General distribution. Most of the European countries (except Iberian Peninsula), Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Iran,
Asian part of Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, north-western China, and Siberia (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Kanyukova
2000). The records from Morocco (Gheit 1995) need further confirmation.
Comment. The strange variability of Sigara striata populations from Daghestan and Azerbaijan, previously identified as Sigara albiventris, was discussed by Kanyukova (1995, 2000).
One female of S. striata from ‘İşaklı’, identified by Hoberlandt (1952a), represents a member of the subgenus
Subsigara, possibly S. daghestanica (P. Kment revid.).
Identification. Jansson (1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2000, 2006).
Subgenus Subsigara Stichel, 1935
Sigara (Subsigara) daghestanica Jansson, 1983
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), ?Kıyak et al. (2006, as S. falleni, probable misidentification), Önder et al. (2006), ?Topkara et al. (2006, as S. falleni, probable misidentification).
General distribution. South European Territory of Russia (estuary of Volga river, Daghestan), Armenia, Azerbaijan, Anatolia, Iran (Gilan) (Jansson 1983, 1986a, 1995; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000; Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Sibling species of Sigara falleni (Fieber, 1848), distinguished only by the shape of the male pala (Jansson 1983, 1986a; Kanyukova 2006). Previous records of S. falleni from Anatolia belongs most probably to this species, including the one from Denizli province by Kıyak et al. (2006). One female of S. striata from ‘İşaklı’
(Hoberlandt 1952a) possibly belongs to this species (P. Kment revid.).
Identification. Jansson (1983, 1986a), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
FENT ET AL.
Sigara (Subsigara) iactans Jansson, 1983
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Demirhanlı Göleti [pond] (loc. 1), 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M.
Fent det. (TUET). Kırklareli province: Babaeski—Lahana village (loc. 9), 4 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. Jansson (1983, paratype), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Josifov (1986a), Jansson (1995),
Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper.
General distribution. Species with interesting disjunctive distribution area. It occurs in north-western Europe and
adjacent parts of Central Europe—in Germany, Poland (Jansson 1983), the Netherlands (Cuppen 1988), Denmark
(Damgaard & Mahler 1993), Sweden (Polhemus et al. 1995), Belgium (Vercauteren 1997), Czech Republic (Bryja
& Kment 2001, Kment & Smékal 2002), northern France (Elder & Chéreau 2003), and Great Britain (Nau &
Brooke 2006). The second area of distribution is in south-eastern Europe, widely copying the Black Sea coast in
Greece, Macedonia, Turkish Thrace, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, and South European Territory of Russia (lowlands of Don, Volga, and Kuban river, Republic of Adygea) (Jansson 1983, 1986a, 1995; Kanyukova 2006; Prokin
et al. 2008).
Comment. Sibling species of Sigara falleni (Fieber, 1848), distinguished only by the shape of the male pala (Jansson 1983, 1986; Bryja & Kment 2001). In north-western Europe both S. falleni and S. iactans lives sympatrically
and even syntopically, possibly hybridizing (e.g., Bryja & Kment 2001), whereas S. iactans mostly replaces S. falleni in south-eastern Europe.
Identification. Jansson (1983, 1986a), Kanyukova (2006).
Sigara (Subsigara) kervillei (Poisson, 1927)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Afyon province: İshaklı [= Sultandağı], 8.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀ 1 larva
(instar 5), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Poisson (1927, holotype), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as Sigara (Sigara) Kervillei), Hoberlandt
(1952a, as S. albiventris, misidentification), Seidenstücker (1959), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995), Önder
et al. (2006).
General distribution. Endemic species of Anatolia (Jansson 1986a, 1995).
Comment. The record of S. albiventris from ‘İşaklı’ by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to S. kervillei (P. Kment
revid.).
Sigara (Subsigara) samani samani Hoberlandt, 1952
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Çatalan env., Çatalan Barajı [dam] (N 37°16′07.8″ E
35°17′34.2″), littoral, 143 m a.s.l., 8.v.2007, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); 10 km N Adana, Karaömerli
env., littoral of Seyhan Barajı [dam] (N 37°07′ E 35°20′), 80 m a.s.l., 21.–22.vi.2001, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J.
Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Misis [= Yakapınar], 20.–22.vi.1952, 1 ♂, 4.vii.1962, 5 ♀♀, G.
Seidenstücker lgt. & det., P. Kment revid. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, types), Seidenstücker (1959, as S. samani), Linnavuori (1965, as S. samani),
Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1995); Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as S. samani), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Southern Anatolia, western Syria, Lebanon, Israel (Nieser & Moubayed 1985; Jansson
1986a, 1995)
Identification. Jansson (1986a,b).
23
Sigara (Subsigara) samani tigranes Jansson, 1986
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised; 1986b, types; 1995), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Eastern Anatolia, eastern Syria, northern Iraq, western Iran (Jansson 1986a, 1995; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000; Linnavuori 2009).
Identification. Jansson (1986a,b), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Subgenus Vermicorixa Walton, 1940
Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis (Leach, 1817)
= Corisa hieroglyphica Dufour, 1833
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Demirhanlı Göleti [pond] (loc. 1), 4 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀;
Değirmenyeni village (loc. 7), 1 ♂; Süleoğlu—Keramettin Barajı [dam] (loc. 12), 77 ♂♂ 180 ♀♀; Kemalköy Göleti [pond] (loc. 14), 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀; near Musabeyli Göleti [pond] (loc. 20), 3 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET); Edirne env. (N
41°37′ E 26°37′), flooded meadow, drain, 225 m a.s.l., 16.vi.2001, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). İstanbul province: Silivri—Selimpaşa (loc. 21), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Adana, 1.–3.viii.1947, 11 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Çatalan env., Çatalan Barajı [dam] (N 37°16′07.8″ E 35°17′34.2″), littoral, 143 m a.s.l., 8.v.2007, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. &
det. (NMPC); 45 km N Adana, Boztahta env. (N 37°23′ E 35°15′), stream, 460 m a.s.l., 13.–14.vi.2003, 1 ♂, J.
Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); 10 km N Adana, Karaömerli env., littoral of Seyhan Barajı [dam]
(N 37°07′ E 35°20′), 80 m a.s.l., 21.–22.vi.2001, 1 ♂, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC);
ca. 55 km N Adana, Posyağbasan env. (N 37°29′ E 35°14′), 840 m a.s.l., 15.–16.vi.2003, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový
lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 50 km NE Antalya, Beşkonak env. (N 37°08′ E 31°12′), stream,
18.vi.2001, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Kurtuluş nr. Silifke, 18.–19.v.1994, 1 ♂, P. Průdek lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). İzmir province: Bergama district, Kabakum village
(N of Dikili) (N 39°04′ E 26°52′), light trap, 4.–5.v.2002, 8 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀, D. Král lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Kayseri
province: 140 km S Kayseri, 8 km N Ulupınar, way from Ulupınar to Çamlıca (N 37°50′56″ E 35°22′16″), 1103 m
a.s.l., 1 ♂, P. Janšta & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Konya province: 46 km NNE Konya, 1000 m a.s.l.,
18.–19.vi.1996, 3 ♀♀, V. Švihla lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Niğde province: Kayırlı env. (N 38°19′ E 34°31′),
Gösterli village, Nargölü [crater lake], 29.iv.2004, 2 ♂♂, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Osmaniye province: Haruniye (= Düziçi), vi.1953, 2 ♂♂, Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N
39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC). Van province: ca. 55 km NE Van, Dürükaş, environs of Van Gölü [lake] (N 38°56′ E 43°38′), 1655 m
a.s.l., 23.vi.2003, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Karabük province: 20 km E Karabük, 22.–23.vi.1996, 1 ♀, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det. (ZMOC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Josifov (1986a), Jansson
(1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918, as Arctocorisa hieroglyphica), Fahringer (1922, as Corixa hieroglyphica), Lindberg (1922b, as Arctocorisa hieroglyphica), Poisson (1925, as Arctocorisa hieroglyphica), Gadeau de Kerville
(1939, as Sigara (Sigara) lateralis), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker (1959, 1963), Linnavuori (1965),
Wagner (1966), Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Özesmi & Önder (1988), Jansson (1995), Kıyak et al. (2004,
2007a), Balık et al. (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as S. (Sigara) lateralis), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001), Kıyak et al. (2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed nearly in the entire Palaearctic Region, as well as India and tropical
Africa (Jansson 1995; Protić 1998, 2001; Coulianos 1999; Katbeh et al. 2000; Hayashi et al. 2001; Kanyukova
2006; Linnavuori et al. 2011).
FENT ET AL.
Sigara (Vermicorixa) scripta (Rambur, 1840)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M.
Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. First record for Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as unrevised; 1995), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. North-western Africa, Spain, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Anatolia, Iraq
(Jansson 1995, Protić 1998). The record from China (Jorigtoo et al. 1996) seems doubtful.
Comment. There is no exact record from Anatolia, and the occurrence of the species in Asian Turkey thus requires
confirmation.
NAUCOROIDEA Leach, 1815
NAUCORIDAE Leach, 1815
NAUCORINAE Leach, 1815
Ilyocoris Stål, 1861
Ilyocoris cimicoides cimicoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Hamam Gölü [lake] (loc. 27), 2 ♀♀; Erikli
Gölü [lake] (loc. 28), 1 ♀ 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Niğde province: Kayırlı env. (N 38°19′ E
34°31′), Gösterli village, Nargölü [crater lake], 29.iv.2004, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), northern shore by university station, 25.vi.2002, 1 larva
(numerous larvae observed), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995d), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Fahringer (1922, as Naucoris c.), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Özesmi & Önder (1988, as Naucoris c.), Atatür et al. (1993, as Naucoris cimieoides [sic!]), Polhemus (1995d), Kıyak et al. (2004), Balık et al.
(2006), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kıyak et al.
(2006).
General distribution. Distributed in most of Europe, and in Asian territory from Anatolia and Israel to Russian
Far East, Korea, and north-eastern China (Polhemus 1995d, Protić 1998).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Nieser et al. (1994).
Naucoris Geoffroy, 1762
Naucoris maculatus maculatus Fabricius, 1798
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Polhemus (1995d), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Naucoris m. maculatus is distributed in western Europe (Great Britain, France, Belgium, the
Netherlands, Spain, Portugal, Italy), Anatolia, and Israel (Polhemus 1995d, Nau & Brooke 2005). The records from
the British Isles are very recent (Nau & Brooke 2005) and the species is probably dispersing in north-western
Europe. In southern parts of Portugal, Spain and Italy, in Sardinia, Sicily, and north-western Africa it is replaced by
N. m. conspersus Stål, 1876 (Polhemus 1995d).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Nieser et al. (1994).
25
APHELOCHEIROIDEA Fieber, 1851
APHELOCHEIRIDAE Fieber, 1851
Comment. Hebsgaard et al. (2004) established the superfamily Aphelocheiroidea for the families Aphelocheiridae
(Old World) and Potamocoridae (Neotropical Region), based on their combined phylogenetic analysis of both
molecular and morphological characters. However, Hua et al. (2009) supported the inclusion of Aphelocheiridae in
Naucoroidea based on mitochondrial genome analysis. Further evidence is necessary to elucidate this question.
Aphelocheirus Westwood, 1833
Subgenus Aphelocheirus s. str.
Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794)
(Figs. 11–12)
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kanyukova (1995a), Önder et al.
(2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006), Kıyak et al. (2006).
General distribution. Known from most of European countries (except of Iberian Peninsula and southern parts of
Balkan Peninsula), Anatolia, and Georgia (Kanyukova 1995a; Gerend 1993; Rabitsch & Zettel 2000; Coulianos
2005; Živić et al. 2006, 2007).
FIGURES 11–12. Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794), female (Zeylan; 8.2 mm): 11—detail of
micropterous hemelytron, 12—habitus.
FENT ET AL.
Horváth (1895) described the species under the name Aphelocheirus breviceps Horváth, 1895 from neighbouring Georgia (Tbilisi); it was synonymized with A. aestivalis by Kanyukova (1974). The earlier records from Iberian
Peninsula belong to two endemic species described rather recently—Aphelocheirus murcius Nieser & Millán, 1989
(Spain) and A. occidentalis Nieser & Millán, 1989 (Portugal, Spain) (Nieser & Millán 1989, Carbonell & Millán
2010, Carbonell et al. 2011), The record of A. aestivalis from Morocco published by Gheit (1995) belongs probably
to the endemic species A. rotroui Bergevin, 1925, described from a single macropterous male (cf. Polhemus et al.
1995, Carbonell & Millán 2010, Carbonell et al. 2011).
Comment. Hoberlandt (1952a) recorded this species from the locality ‘Zeylan’ (north of Van lake, eastern Anatolia). The single voucher specimen from Zeylan (Figs. 11–12) (Hoberlandt 1952a) is a brachypterous female. Its
comparison with material from the Czech Republic revealed its general similarity, except for the distinctly shallow
incision of the postero-lateral margin of the hemelytron (Figs. 11–12). We consider this difference as an intraspecific variability; however, examination of the male genitalia and/or DNA sequences is desirable for final confirmation of the species from Turkey, considering also the recent evidence of additional cryptic Aphelocheirus species in
northern Spain (Carbonell et al. 2011). Nieser & Moubayed (1985) mentioned A. aestivalis also from Mersin
(southern Anatolia); but N. Nieser (pers. comm. 2010) was not able to retrace the source of the information, and
admits a possible confusion with A. kolenatii.
Identification. Kanyukova (1974, 2006). The life cycle and reproduction were recently treated in detail by
Papáček & Soldán (2008).
Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) kolenatii Kiritshenko, 1925
Asian Turkey. Linnavuori (1994), Kanyukova (1995a).
Turkey (not distinguished). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan (Kanyukova 1974, 1995a, 2006), Anatolia (Çorum province:
Boğazkale) (Linnavuori 1994, Kanyukova 1995a), Iraq (Basra) (Linnavuori 1994).
Identification. So far known only in the macropterous form. Kanyukova (1974, 2006, key), Linnavuori (1994,
redescription).
NOTONECTOIDEA Latreille, 1802
NOTONECTIDAE Latreille, 1802
ANISOPINAE Hutchinson, 1929
Anisops Spinola, 1837
Anisops debilis perplexus Poisson, 1929
Asian Turkey. Dursun (2011).
General distribution. Portugal, Spain, North Africa, Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Iran (Polhemus 1995e, Larsen
& Blaustein 2005).
Comments. Dursun (2011) reported this subspecies based on one female (body length 6.91 mm) collected in the
Hatay province. As the identification of Anisops females is rather difficult, the confirmation of the record based on
male specimen(s) is desirable. The record of A. debilis canariensis from Alanya province (Kıyak et al. 2006) possibly belongs to this subspecies as well.
Identification. Brooks (1951), Lansbury (1964), Nieser et al. (1994).
Anisops sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1849
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Osmaniye province: Haruniye [= Düziçi], 20.vii.1953, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Dr. H.
Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995e), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Brooks (1951, as A. sardea), Hoberlandt (1952a), Linnavuori (1965), Wagner (1966), Polhemus
(1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a); this paper.
27
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as A. sardea), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001),
Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Iberian Peninsula, Corsica, Italy, Balkan Peninsula, northern and tropical Africa, Cyprus,
Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Near East, Arabian Peninsula, Iraq, Iran, Turkmenistan, India, and Burma (Polhemus
1995e, Protić 1998, Katbeh et al. 2000, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Linnavuori 2009, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
Recently the species was collected in Hungaria (Soós et al. 2010), north-west Romania (Berchi, in prep.) and European Russia (Central Caucasus) (Khatukhov et al. 2009), apparently spreading northwards.
Identification. Brooks (1951), Nieser et al. (1994).
NOTONECTINAE Latreille, 1802
Notonectini Latreille, 1802
Notonecta Linnaeus, 1758
Subgenus Notonecta s. str.
Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca glauca Linnaeus, 1758
(Figs. 13–18)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Babaeski—Lahana village (loc. 9), 2 ♂♂ 2
♀♀; near Hamam Gölü [lake] (loc. 26), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Afyon province: İshaklı [=
Sultandağı], 8.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (Fig. 13), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bolu province: Akçaalan
env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake], small pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004, 1 spec. (Fig. 14), P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC). Çankırı/Kastamonu provinces: Ilgaz Dagh, Paphlag. [= Ilgaz Dağları], no date, 2 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (Figs. 15–17),
Staněk lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), swamp
along the road to university station, 27.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (Fig. 18), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995e), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, including var. marmorea, furcata, maculata), Fahringer (1922, as N. glauca), Poisson (1925, as N. glauca), Hoberlandt (1952a, as N. glauca, revised!), Zincirci (1976), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et
al. (2006), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011); this paper.
General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, and Asia from Cyprus
and Anatolia to West Siberia (Transbaikalia), north-western China, and Tajikistan (Polhemus 1995e, Gheit 1995,
Carapezza 1997, Protić 1998, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. The specimens identified as N. glauca hybrida by Hoberlandt (1952a) from ‘Suluhan’ belong in fact to
N. maculata, and the one ♀ from ‘Mollafeneri’ to N. meridionalis (P. Kment revised.). Concerning the subspecies
identity of the Notonecta described by Zincirci (1976), we assume that the hemelytra colouration agrees rather with
nominotypical N. glauca glauca (also E.V. Kanyukova, pers. comm.). See also Comment under N. glauca poissoni.
Identification. Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Nieser et al. (1994), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Soós et al. (2009).
Identification of some of the Anatolian specimens belonging to the complex of N. glauca glauca, N. glauca poissoni, N. meridionalis, and N. obliqua is especially difficult and the combination of hemelytra colouration and genitalic characters must be investigated. The use of cytological and molecular genetic methods in the future may help
to investigate the relationships of the included taxa.
Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca poissoni Hungerford, 1934
(Figs. 19–22)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Kırşehir province: Çağırgan, 22.vii.1947, 1 ♂ (Figs. 21–22), Exp. N.
Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Osmaniye province: Haruniye [= Düziçi], vi.1953, 1 ♀, Dr. H. Kumerloeve
lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), swamp along the
road to university station, 27.vi.2002, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (Figs. 19–20), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Trabzon province:
Uzungöl env., Uzungöl [lake] (N 40°36′06.9″ E 40°19′02.3″), 1130 m a.s.l., 10.v.2005, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det.
FENT ET AL.
(NMPC). Van province: ca. 45 km SE Van, Güzelsu—Hoşap (N 38°18′ E 43°47′), 2070 m a.s.l., stream, 27.–
28.vi.2003, 1 ♂, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Kirkaldy (1897: 421, as N. glauca), Kiritshenko (1918, as N. glauca), Kiritshenko (1924, as N.
glauca), Hungerford (1934, types), Hoberlandt (1952, as N. obliqua obliqua (partim)), Kanyukova (1973), Polhemus (1995e), Kanyukova (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Dursun (2011).
General distribution. Anatolia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran (Lindberg 1964, Polhemus 1995e, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. One of the 2 ♂♂ from ‘Çağırgan’ identified as N. obliqua obliqua by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong to this
subspecies. See also Identification under N. glauca glauca.
FIGURES 13–21. Variation of hemelytral colouration. 13–18—Notonecta glauca glauca Linnaeus, 1758 (13—Afyon province: İshaklı, 14—Bolu province: Abant Gölü env., 15–17—Çankırı/Kastamonu provinces: Ilgaz Dağları, 18—Sivas province:
Tödürge Gölü); 19–21—Notonecta glauca poissoni Hungerford, 1934 (19–20—Sivas province: Tödürge Gölü); 21—Kırşehir
province: Çağırgan).
29
The co-occurrence of boths subspecies, N. glauca glauca and N. glauca poissoni, in the Tödürge Gölü is especially interesting. Kanyukova (1973: Fig. 23a) figured also the hemelytron of the pale form of N. g. poissoni; but in
our opinion our pale specimen (Fig. 18) fits well with the typical N. glauca glauca, especially after comparison
with specimens from Central Europe (see also Kanyukova 1973: Fig. 21a). More data on distribution and possibly
also cytology and molecular genetic markers from Anatolian populations are necessary to revise the status of both
subspecies.
Identification. Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
FIGURES 22–24. Parameres. 22—Notonecta glauca poissoni Hungerford, 1934 (Kırşehir province: Çağırgan, 90×); 23–24—
Notonecta meridionalis Poisson, 1926 (23—Kırşehir province: Çağırgan, 90×; 24—Kocaeli province: Mollafeneri, 90×).
Notonecta (Notonecta) maculata Fabricius, 1794
= Notonecta marmorea Fabricius, 1803
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Kofçaz 10 km under brook (loc. 4), 2 ♂♂ 2
♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). Asker Deresi [stream] (loc. 31), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). Tekirdağ province: Kınalı
Deresi [stream] (loc. 6), 2 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET) ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: 45 km N Adana, Boztahta env. (N 37°23′ E 35°15′), stream, 460 m a.s.l., 13.–14.vi.2003, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC); Etekli env. (N 37°25′24.6″ E 35°17′34.0″), 722 m a.s.l., valley with karstic sinking of the brook under the
road, 9.v.2007, 1 ♂ 5 spec., P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); Kelerbaşı env., valley of the brook under Aladağ Geçidi
[pass], along the road to Imamoğlu (N 37°29′40.7″ E 35°23′52.9″), 915 m a.s.l., 9.v.2007, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC); Kozan, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 3.–9.viii.1947, 1 ♂, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Suluhan, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 10.viii.1947, 5 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Antalya province: Manavgat env., low-mountain pine forest, 20.ii.2008, 1 spec., K. Tomkovich lgt., P. Kment det. (APVR).
Osmaniye province: Haruniye [= Düziçi], vi.1953, 1 ♀, Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact
records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Jaczewski (1934), Hoberlandt (1952a, as N. glauca hybrida (partim)), Linnavuori (1965, as N. marmorea), Kanyukova (1973, figure of paramere but no locality given), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (1983), Kıyak
et al. (2007a), Dursun (2011); this paper.
(2006, revised).
General distribution. Distributed in most of European countries, North Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Israel, Lebanon,
Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Pakistan (Nieser & Moubayed 1985, Polhemus 1995, Protić 1998, Biesiadka & Kurzątkowska
2003, Soós et al. 2009, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. The specimens from Suluhan identified as N. glauca hybrida by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to
N. maculata.
FENT ET AL.
Notonecta (Notonecta) meridionalis Poisson, 1926
(Figs. 23–29)
= Notonecta glauca hybrida Poisson, 1933
= Notonecta glauca kervillei Poisson, 1933 (supposed synonym)
= Notonecta obliqua meridionalis Poisson, 1926
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Asker Deresi [stream] (loc. 31), 1 ♂ 1 ♀, M.
Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Kırşehir province: Çağırgan, 22.vii.1947, 1 ♂ (Figs. 23, 28), Exp. N. Mus.
ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Kocaeli province: Mollafeneri [= Akören], 21.vi.1947, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀ (Figs. 24–27),
Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri
[river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (Fig. 29), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact
Asian Turkey. Poisson (1933, as N. glauca kervillei, types), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as N. glauca kervillei and
N. obliqua meridionalis), Hoberlandt (1952a, as N. glauca hybrida (partim), N. obliqua obliqua (partim), and N.
obliqua meridionalis), Kanyukova (1973, as N. glauca meridionalis), Balık et al. (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Dursun (2011); this paper.
FIGURES 25–30. Variation of hemelytral colouration. 25–29—Notonecta meridionalis Poisson, 1926 (25–27—Kocaeli province: Mollafeneri, 28—Kırşehir province: Çağırgan, 29—Tunceli province: Tunceli); 30—Notonecta obliqua Thunberg, 1787
(Czech Republic: Elbogen [= Loket], no date and collector, P. Kment det., NMPC).
31
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as N. glauca hybrida, N. glauca kervillei, N. obliqua merdionalis),
Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006, revised).
General distribution. Southern parts of western and Central Europe (Great Britain [Jersey?]), France, Andorra,
Czech Republic, Austria, Hungary), southern Europe (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Albania, Greece,
Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania), Ukraine (Crimea), Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Turkey (Polhemus 1995e, Carapezza 1997, Rabitsch & Zettel 2000, Gogala 2003, Papáček 2003, Kanyukova 2006, Soós et al. 2009, Kment &
Beran 2011).
Comment. The supposed synonym, Notonecta glauca kervillei, was described from Anatolia (Poisson 1933). The
status of Notonecta meridionalis was for a long time in question. Kanyukova (1973) regarded it a subspecies of N.
glauca, whereas Zimmermann (1982) argued for its being a species based on sympatric occurrence with N. glauca.
Angus (2006) confirmed the species status of N. meridionalis based on a study of the karyotype.
The 1 ♂ and 4 ♀♀ from ‘Mollafeneri’, identified by Hoberlandt (1952a) as N. glauca hybrida, N. obliqua obliqua, and N. obliqua meridionalis, and 1 ♂ from locality ‘Çağırgan’ identified by him as N. obliqua obliqua, belong
in fact to this species. On the other hand, the specimens from ‘Suluhan’ identified as N. glauca hybrida by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to N. maculata. Some of the previous records of N. obliqua from Turkey may belong to
M. meridionalis as well. See also the Identification under N. glauca glauca.
Identification. Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Nieser et al. (1994), Soós et al. (2009).
Notonecta (Notonecta) obliqua Thunberg, 1787
(Fig. 30)
= Notonecta furcata Fabricius, 1794
= Notonecta fuscata Fabricius (incorrect subsequent spelling)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Dereköy—Bizim Göl [pond] (loc. 22), 1 ♂, M.
Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from
Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1919, as N. fuscata [sic!]), Fahringer (1922, as N. glauca var. furcata), Poisson (1925, as
N. furcata), Polhemus (1995e), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Dursun (2011).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001, treating N. o. meridionalis as separate taxon),
Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Distributed throughout Europe, in Morocco, Algeria, Anatolia, and Iran (Polhemus 1995e,
Gheit 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003).
Comment. The specimens identified by Hoberlandt (1952a) as N. obliqua obliqua and N. obliqua meridionalis
belong in fact to M. meridionalis, except one ♂ from ‘Çagırgan’, which is N. glauca poissoni. The previous records
of N. obliqua from Turkey need verification because of possible misidentifications with N. glauca poissoni and N.
meridionalis. See also Identification under N. glauca glauca.
Identification. Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Nieser et al. (1994), Soós et al. (2009).
Notonecta (Notonecta) reuteri reuteri Hungerford, 1928
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918, as N. lutea, misidentification), Dursun (2011).
General distribution. Notonecta reuteri reuteri is a Eurosiberian subspecies, extending to Transcaucasia (Armenia, Georgia); whereas N. reuteri ribauti Poisson, 1935 is distributed in the Alps and Massif Central (France) (Polhemus 1995e, Coulianos 2003, Lukashuk & Moroz 2007).
Comment. According to Kanyukova (1973, 2006), Kiritshenko’s (1918) records of Notonecta lutea Müller, 1776
from Georgia and Armenia belong to N. reuteri. However, Kanyukova (1973, 2006) did not mention either the
record from Chaldyr lake [= Çıldır lake on boundary of Ardahan and Kars province] or the occurrence of N. reuteri
in Turkey. The occurrence of N. reuteri in Anatolia is recently confirmed by Dursun (2011).
Identification. Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Soós et al. (2009).
FENT ET AL.
Notonecta (Notonecta) viridis Delcourt, 1909
= Notonecta marmorea (non Fabricius, 1803)
= Notonecta marmorea viridis Delcourt, 1909
= Notonecta viridis meridionalis Hutchinson, 1927 (preoccupied)
= Notonecta viridis mediterranea Hutchinson, 1928
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Süleoğlu—Keramettin Barajı [dam] (loc. 12), 1
♂; Ahiköy Göleti [pond] (loc. 15), 1 ♂; Budakdoğanca Göleti [pond] (loc. 16), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN
TURKEY: Adana province: 45 km N Adana, Boztahta env. (N 37°23′ E 35°15′), stream, 460 m a.s.l., 13.–
14.vi.2003, 1 ♂, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Kelerbaşı env., valley of the brook under Aladağ
Geçidi [pass], along the road to Imamoğlu (N 37°29′40.7″ E 35°23′52.9″), 915 m a.s.l., 9.v.2007, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt.
& det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 5 km SWW of Çığlık (NE of Termessos), Yeşil vadi (N 37°01′30″ E 30°30′),
370 m a.s.l., 2.–4.vi.2010, 1 spec., V. Kubáň lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Erzincan province: ca. 40 km SE of Erzincan, near Çağlayan, Bursa village env., 10.–14.vii.1997, 1 spec., P. Průdek & M. Říha lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Osmaniye province: Haruniye [= Düziçi], vi.1953, 2 ♂♂, Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas
province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), northern shore by university station, 25.vi.2002, 2
♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995e), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Poisson (1925), Poisson (1933, as N. viridis mediterranea), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as N. viridis
mediterranea), Hoberlandt (1952a, as N. viridis viridis and N. viridis mediterranea, revised!), Kanyukova (1973,
material seen but no locality given), Kıyak et al. (2004), Önder et al. (2006), Koçak & Kemal (2010), Dursun
(2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as N. marmorea marmorea and N. marmorea viridis), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001), Kanyukova (2006, revised).
General distribution. Distributed in most of Europe, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon, ?Syria, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India (Nieser & Moubayed
1985, Polhemus 1995e, Gheit 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003). This species is under rapid dispersal in Scandinavia and has been recorded throughout Denmark (Damgaard & Mahler 1993; J. Damgaard, pers. comm.).
PLEOIDEA Fieber, 1851
PLEIDAE Fieber, 1851
Comment. Hua et al. (2009) recently questioned the monophyly of Nepomorpha based on a study of mitochondrial
genomes. They suggested Pleomorpha (including Pleidae and possibly Helotrephidae) as a separate infraorder of
Heteroptera, being sister group of a clade including Nepomorpha sensu stricto, Leptopodomorpha, Cimicomorpha,
and Pentatomomorpha. This suggestion contradicts all the previous studies on nepomorphan phylogeny (cf. Hebsgaard et al. 2004). Weirauch & Schuh (2011) regarded the establishment of Pleomorpha as premature. Further evidence is necessary to confirm or refute this hypothesis.
Plea Leach, 1817
Plea minutissima minutissima Leach, 1817
= Plea atomaria (non Pallas, 1771)
= Plea leachi McGregor & Kirkaldy, 1899
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Değirmenyeni village (loc. 7), 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent
det. (TUET); Edirne, 8.–13.vi.1947, 1 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). ASIAN TURKEY:
Konya province: Konya, 31.viii.1947, 1 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara
env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), swamp along the road to university station, 27.vi.2002, 1 ♂, P.
Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Polhemus (1995f), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
33
Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, 1912), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as P. Leachi), Hoberlandt (1952a, as P. Leachi,
revised!), Linnavuori (1965, as P. atomaria), Özesmi & Önder (1988), Polhemus (1995f), Kıyak et al. (2004),
Balık et al. (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007a), Topkara et al. (2009), Dursun (2011); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as P. atomaria), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Önder & Lodos (1988, as
P. atomaria), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Most of European countries, North Africa, Israel, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Iraq,
Iran, Central Asia, and West Siberia (Polhemus 1995f, Protić 1998, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Coulianos 2005).
GERROMORPHA Popov, 1971
MESOVELIOIDEA Douglas & Scott, 1867
MESOVELIIDAE Douglas & Scott, 1867
MESOVELIINAE Douglas & Scott, 1867
Mesovelia Mulsant & Rey, 1852
Mesovelia furcata Mulsant & Rey, 1852
Asian Turkey. Özesmi & Önder (1988), Kment & Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Most of European countries, East Siberia, Russian Far East, Asian part of Kazakhstan,
Uzbekistan (Andersen 1995, Strpić 1997, Protić 1998, Aukema et al. 2007, Prokin et al. 2009), China (Inner Mongolia) (Jorigtoo & Qi 1996), Anatolia (Özesmi & Önder 1988, Kment & Jindra 2005). Previous records from
Morocco, Algeria, Israel, and Syria needs confirmation (Andersen 1995).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000),
Kanyukova (2006).
Mesovelia vittigera Horváth, 1895
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Linnavuori (1965), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al.
(2008).
(2006).
General distribution. Palaeotropical species widely distributed in warm parts of Palaearctic Regions (Mediterranean, Near East, Arabian Peninsula, Russian Far East, Korea, Japan, China), Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian
Region (Štusák 1980, Andersen 1995, Jorigtoo & Qi 1996, Gadalla & Saleh Ahmed 2000, Katbeh et al. 2000,
Kment 2001, Linnavuori & van Harten 1997, Ilie & Ban-Calefariu 2010, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Kanyukova (2006).
HEBROIDEA Amyot & Serville, 1843
HEBRIDAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
HEBRINAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
Hebrus Curtis, 1833
Subgenus Hebrus s. str.
Hebrus (Hebrus) montanus Kolenati, 1857
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Abacılar, 7.viii.1947, 29 ♂♂ 26 ♀♀ 3 larvae, Exp. N.
Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Adana, 1.–3.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 2 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E.
Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Eğner env., Simit Şelalesi [waterfall] (N 37°23′46" E 35°26′32.5″), 191 m a.s.l., shaded
FENT ET AL.
sprayed rock next to the waterfall, 9.v.2007, 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); Pozantı, Toros Dağları
[Mts.], 28.vii.1947, 1 spec., Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC); Suluhan, Toros Dağları [Mts.],
10.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 1 larva, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 80 km NE of
Antalya, Beşkonak, Köprülü canyon, 7.ix.1992, 1 ♂, Z. Jindra lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (ZJPC). Bursa province:
Armutlu, 2.vii.1944, 1 ♂, C. Kosswig lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Çanakkale province: S of Ayvacık (N 39°34′28″
E 26°24′04″), 280 m a.s.l., banks of small river, gravel and vegetation, 27.–28.ix.2006, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). Gaziantep province: Alacakilise [= Alaca], 21.viii.1947, 4 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀ 3 larvae, Exp. N. Mus.
ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Kurudere near Arslanköy, 29.iv.–1.v.1994, 1 ♂, P. Průdek
& J. Kovalovský lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (ZJPC). Kilis province: Afrin by Musabeyli, 20.viii.1947, 6 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀,
Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det. (NMPC). Osmaniye province: Gyaur dag or. [= Gavur Mts. = Nur Mts.
= Amanos Mts.; ca. 12 km W of Fevzipaşa], 17.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 7 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., E. Kanyukova det.
(NMPC). Karabük province: 20 km E Karabük, 22.–23.vi.1996, 1 ♀, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as H. pusillus and H. pusillus f. rufescens (partim), misidentification), Linnavuori (1953), Andersen (1995), Kment & Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
General distribution. The occurrence of H. montanus was recently confirmed from South European Territory of
Russia (Krasnodarsk and Stavropol Regions, Daghestan), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran (Kanyukova 1997,
2006), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Bulgaria, Anatolia (Ankara province: Kızılçahamam) (Kment & Jindra
2005), France, Greece, Jordan, Lebanon, and Morocco (Kment & Kanyukova 2010). Other previous records from
Albania, Macedonia, Romania, Syria (Andersen 1995), Egypt (Andersen 1995, Gadalla & Saleh Ahmad 2005), and
Israel (Nieser 1995) require revision. Previous records from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan belong to other species
(Kanyukova 1997, 2006).
Comment. Kment & Jindra (2005) reidentified the Hoberlandt’s (1952a) record of H. pusillus from the locality
‘Kızılcahamam’ (Ankara province) as H. montanus and added new localities from Bingöl and Gaziantep provinces.
Kment & Jindra (2005) further discussed the variability of the remaining Hoberlandt’s (1952a) specimens of H.
pusillus: ‘The Turkish H. pusillus differ somewhat from the typical specimens from central Europe. Two distinct
Turkish forms could be distinguished, both of them having pale femora (dark brown in H. p. pusillus—see Kanyukova (1997)) and differing from H. montanus in possessing only short hairs on the inner margin of male hind tibiae
and in different coloration. One of these ‘forms’ is macropterous, with reddish head and pronotum, ivory legs, and
entirely white clavus. It is represented by specimens from Çakıt river near Abacılar, Alacakilise, Armutlu, and
Afrin river near Musabeyli (Hoberlandt 1952a). The second form is submacropterous, with dark brown head and
pronotum, pale brown legs, and a brown clavus with a large white basal spot, and is represented by specimens from
Gyaur dağları [Mts.] (Hoberlandt 1952a). Both ‘forms’ appear to be rather similar to H. p. arabicus Linnavuori,
1971, which has, e.g., the head and pronotum reddish brown, the clavus reddish brown with a milky base, and the
antennae and legs yellowish-brown (Linnavuori 1971)’. However, E.V. Kanyukova, who later revised the material,
identified all the specimens as H. montanus as well, interpreting the differences merely as colour variation (E.V.
Kanyukova, pers. comm.). A taxonomic revision of the H. montanus and H. pusillus populations in Mediterranean
and Near East is necessary.
Hebrus (Hebrus) pilipes Kanyukova, 1997
Hebrus montanus (misidentification): Kiritshenko (1964, partim).
Hebrus pusillus (misidentification): Kiritshenko (1918), Hoberlandt (1952a, partim), Kiritshenko (1964, partim).
Hebrus (Hebrus) pilipes Kanyukova, 1997: 224–226, 230–232, 234.
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Antalya province: Beldibi near Kemer, Bey Dağları [Mts.], 1.–
15.vii.1998, 2 ♂♂, P. Bulirsch lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Konya province: Fele near Kıreli, 50 km N of Beyşehir,
9.ix.1992, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as H. pusillus and H. pusillus f. rufescens (partim), misidentification), Kment &
Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Ukraine (Crimea), South European Territory of Russia (Adygea, Astrakhan and Krasnodar
35
regions), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Iran (Gorgan) (Kanyukova 1997, 2006; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000; Prokin et al. 2009), Anatolia (Kment & Jindra 2005), and Afghanistan (Kment & Kanyukova 2010).
Comment. The Hoberlandt’s (1952a) records of H. pusillus from the localities ‘Alahan’ (Mersin province) and
‘Kızılviran’ (Konya province) belong in fact to this species (Kment & Jindra 2005). It was further recorded from
the provinces Antalya, Sivas, and Tunceli (Kment & Jindra 2005). The correct identification of the Turkish material was later confirmed by E.V. Kanyukova (pers. comm.).
Subgenus Hebrusella Poisson, 1944
Hebrus (Hebrusella) ruficeps Thomson, 1871
(Fig. 31)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Konya province: Fele near Kıreli, 50 km N of Beyşehir, 8.ix.1992, 1 ♀
(mi) (Fig. 31), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. This paper. New species for Turkish fauna.
General distribution. Euro-Siberian species, distributed in most of European countries (except for Iberian Peninsula and Greece), East Siberia, Russian Far East, Asian part of Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan (Andersen 1995;
Benedek 1970; Kanyukova 1997, 2006; Protić 1998; Gogala 2003; Kment et al. 2003; Coulianos 2005).
Identification. Kanyukova (1997, 2006).
FIGURES 31. Hebrus (Hebrusella) ruficeps Thomson, 1871, female (Konya province: Fele near Kıreli, 1.8 mm).
FENT ET AL.
HYDROMETROIDEA Billberg, 1820
HYDROMETRIDAE Billberg, 1820
HYDROMETRINAE Billberg, 1820
Hydrometra Latreille, 1796
Hydrometra stagnorum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀,
M. Fent det. (TUET). Kırklareli province: Bulanıkdere [stream] (loc. 29), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Çatalan, environs of Boztahta village (N 37°22′ E 35°14′), medow at river, 4.iv.2002, 1 ♂
(mi), P. Bogusch & J. Skuhrovec lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Eğner env., Simit Şelalesi [waterfall] (N 37°23′46" E
35°26′32.5″), 191 m a.s.l., shaded sprayed rock next to the waterfall, 9.v.2007, 4 ♀♀ (mi), P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC); Etekli env. (N 37°25′24.6″ E 35°17′34.0″), 722 m a.s.l., valley with karstic sinking of the brook under the
road, 9.v.2007, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Aksaray province: Güzelyurt env., Ihlara (N 38°15′ E
34°19′), Melendiz Çayı [stream], Canyon, 28.iv.2004, 4 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (mi), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Antalya
province: Beldibi near Kemer, Bey Dağları [Mts.], 1.–15.vii.1998, 2 ♀♀ (mi), P. Bulirsch lgt., P. Kment det.
(ZJPC); Göynük, ca. 40 km SW from Antalya, 16.–20.iv.2004, 1 ♀ (mi), V. Hula lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); 50
km S Antalya, Tekirova env., near antique Phaselis, 3.–4.v.1991, 1 ♂ (mi), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Artvin province: Barhal [= Altıparmak] (N 40°58′07.2″ E 41°24´06.5″), pool under the village, 13.v.2005, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀
(mi), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Çanakkale province: S of Ayvacık (N 39°34′28″ E 26°24′04″), 280 m a.s.l.,
banks of small river, gravel, and vegetation, 27.–28.ix.2006, 1 ♀, M. Fikáček lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Tevfikiye env., Truva (N 39°57′ E 26°14′), ancient ruins, 19.iv.2004, 1 ♂ (mi), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Erzincan
province: Çağlayan (N 39°36′ E 39°42′), valley above waterfall, brook, 23.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (sma), P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC). Hatay province: İskenderun, town Payas env. (N 36°14′ E 36°14′), river, 10.iv.2002, 1 ♀ (mi), P. Bogusch
& J. Skuhrovec lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Darıpınarı env., Karageçidi Barajı [dam] (N
37°08′52.5″ E 34°44′55.8″), brook in the narrow gorge under the dam, 429 m a.s.l., 7.v.2007, 1 ♂ (mi), P. Kment
lgt. & det. (NMPC); Erdemli (N 36°37′ E 34°19′), limestone hill above the city on the road to Karakeşli,
27.iv.2004, 1 ♂ (mi), I. Malenovský lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Konya province: Fele near Kıreli, 50 km N of
Beyşehir, 9.ix.1992, 1 ♂ (mi), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N
39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), spring and river above the village, 26.vi.2002, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (mi), 16.v.2005, 3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀
(mi), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Şanlıurfa province: Halfeti env., Fırat Nehri [= Eufrat river], valley, 26.vi.1993,
1 ♀ (mi), P. Bílek lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river]
valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 2 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (mi), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish
Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883), Fahringer (1922), Lindberg (1922b), Poisson (1925), Gadeau de Kerville (1939),
Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Andersen (1995), Kıyak (2000), Kıyak et al., (2004, 2008), Önder et al. (2006),
Salur & Mesci (2009), Kemal et al. (2010); this paper.
(2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed in most of European countries, South European Territory of Russia
(Krasnodarsk Region), North Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran,
Afghanistan, and Central Asia (Nieser & Moubayed 1985, Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Katbeh et al. 2000, Gogala
2003, Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Poisson (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000),
Kanyukova (2006).
GERROIDEA Leach, 1815
‘VELIIDAE’ Brullé, 1836
Comment. According to the phylogenetic analysis by Damgaard (2008c), the family ‘Veliidae’ is paraphyletic
with regards to Gerridae, which is a sister group of the Microveliinae + Haloveliinae clade.
37
MICROVELIINAE China & Usinger, 1949 (1860)
= HYDROESSINAE Fieber, 1860
Microveliini China & Usinger, 1949 (1860)
Microvelia Westwood, 1834
Subgenus Microvelia s. str.
Microvelia (Microvelia) reticulata (Burmeister, 1835)
Asian Turkey. Kment & Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Eurosiberian species distributed in most of European countries, Armenia, Georgia, Asian
part of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Siberia, Far East of Russia, north-eastern China, Korea, Japan (Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Kwon et al. 2001, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2006, Prokin et al. 2008), and Anatolia (Kment & Jindra
2005).
Subgenus Picaultia Distant, 1913
Comment. Andersen & Weir (2003) resurrected Picaultia Distant, 1913 as a valid subgenus of Microvelia Westwood, 1834.
Microvelia (Picaultia) hozari Hoberlandt, 1952
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, types), Andersen (1995), Kment & Jindra (2005), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Southern Turkey (provinces Adana, Kilis and Mersin) (Hoberlandt 1952a, Kment & Jindra
2005). Andersen (1995) and Andersen & Weir (2003) listed it also from Saudi Arabia. Brown (1953a) mentioned
three females from Hejaz and Northern ’Asir (Saudi Arabia), but found it ‘impossible to state whether they belong
to the typical form or subsp. macani Brown (in press).’ In the subsequent paper, Brown (1953b) described the subspecies M. hozari macani Brown, 1953 from Baghdad and attributed the Saudi Arabian specimens to the nominotypical subspecies. However, Linnavuori (1986) upgraded M. macani to species rank and stated that Brown’s
(1953a,b) records apparently belong to this species, not listing M. hozari from Saudi Arabia. Carl (1989) recorded
M. hozari from irrigation ditches in Baiji (environs of Tikrīt) in Iraq, but these specimens might be misidentified M.
(P.) macani. Microvelia hozari was listed from Iraq neither by Linnavuori (1994) nor by Andersen (1995).
Comment. Andersen & Weir (2003) resurrected Picaultia Distant, 1913 as valid subgenus of Microvelia Westwood, 1834.
Identification. Hoberlandt (1952a, description of M. hozari, figures), Linnavuori (1960: 54–46, differential diagnosis in description of M. perexigua Linnavuori, 1960, a junior synonym of M. macani, apterous form only), Linnavuori (1986, comparison of M. hozari and M. macani, figures).
Microvelia (Picaultia) pygmaea (Dufour, 1833)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Çanakkale province: S of Ayvacık (N 39°34′28″ E 26°24′04″), 280 m
a.s.l., banks of small river, gravel and vegetation, 27.–28.ix.2006, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ma), M. Fikáček lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N 39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), spring and river above the village,
26.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
FENT ET AL.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Önder et al. (1981, 2006), Andersen (1995).
(2006).
General distribution. Western and southern Europe, southern parts of Central Europe, North Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Azerbaijan, ?Israel, Syria, ?Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kirgizia, and ?China (Walton 1981,
Nieser & Moubayed 1985, Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000, Kment 2001, Gogala 2003,
Heiss & Ribes 2007, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Andersen & Weir (2003) resurrected Picaultia Distant, 1913 as valid subgenus of Microvelia Westwood, 1834.
RHAGOVELIINAE China & Usinger, 1949
Rhagovelia Mayr, 1865
Subgenus Rhagovelia s. str.
Rhagovelia (Rhagovelia) cf. nigricans nigricans (Burmeister, 1835)
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1957).
General distribution. Andersen (1995) listed R. nigricans from Cyprus, Israel, ?Saudi Arabia, Syria, Yemen,
Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, and Afrotropical Region. He further noted that older records of R. nigricans from the
East Palaearctic and Oriental Region most certainly apply to other species. It was further recorded from Spain
(Baena et al. 1994), Anatolia (Seidenstücker 1957), Jordan (Katbeh et al. 2000), and Lebanon (Nieser & Moubayed
1985). On the other hand, the records from Tunisia may belong to the later described R. tozeur Baena, Nieser &
Gallardo, 1997. However, Nieser (1995) reported another species, R. infernalis africana Lundblad, 1936, from
Israel. Recently we send the voucher specimens of R. nigricans from Greece (Rhodes), Cyprus, and Israel (Hoberlandt 1952b) deposited in NMPC to Nico Nieser for revision. In his opinion, all the specimens belong to R. infernalis africana, although series with only females are not reliably identifiable (Greece: Rhodes, 3 ♀♀ only).
Comments. Seidenstücker (1957) recorded R. nigricans from İskenderun (Hatay province). This record was apparently overlooked by all subsequent authors until Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001). Based on new information on the occurrence of R. infernalis africana in the Near East, we accept the occurrence of the genus Rhagovelia in Anatolia; but
it is necessary to re-examine Seidenstücker’s specimens to see if they belong really to R. nigricans or R. infernalis
africana. Rhagovelia species are specialists in permanent running waters (Baena et al. 1994).
Identification. Lundblad (1936) (R. nigricans, R. infernalis var. africana); Nieser et al. (1994) (R. nigricans),
Baena et al. (1994) (R. nigricans and R. tozeur). Reliable identification of females is not possible (Lundblad 1936;
N. Nieser, pers. comm.).
VELIINAE Brullé, 1836
Velia Latreille, 1804
Subgenus Plesiovelia Tamanini, 1955
Velia (Plesiovelia) affinis affinis Kolenati, 1857
= Velia rivulorum var. ventralis Puton, 1881
= Velia nervosa Horváth, 1896
= Velia filippii anatolica Tamanini, 1951
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: 45 km N Adana, 1 km W Boztahta (N 37°23′ E 35°12′),
river and springs, 24.–25.vi.2001, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), M. Fikáček, J. Hájek & J. Straka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); 45
km N Adana, Boztahta env. (N 37°23′ E 35°15′), stream, 460 m a.s.l., 13.–14.vi.2003, 3 ♂♂ (ma), J. Hájek & J.
39
Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); Etekli env. (N 37°25′24.6″ E 35°17′34.0″), 722 m a.s.l., valley with karstic
sinking of the brook under the road, 9.v.2007, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); Kelerbaşi env., valley of the
brook under Aladağ Geçidi [pass], along the road to Imamoğlu (N 37°29′40.7″ E 35°23′52.9″), 915 m a.s.l.,
9.v.2007, 5 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Antalya province: Bey Dağları [Mts.] Nat. Park, Çıralı
env., Chimaera (N 36°25′ E 30°29′), small brook, 24.iv.2004, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); 50 km
S Antalya, Tekirova env., near antique Phaselis, 3.–4.v.1991, 1 ♂ (mi), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Artvin
province: Barhal [= Altıparmak] (N 40°58′07.2″ E 41°24´06.5″), pool under the village, 13.v.2005, 2 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀
(ap), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Hatay province: Çevlik, Titus and Vespasianus tunnel (N 36°07′17.0″ E
35°55′20.0″), brook above the tunnel, 24 m a.s.l., 10.v.2007, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma) 1 ♂ (ap), P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC). Mersin province: Beydili env., Sipahili, 28.–29.iv.2005, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), Sejkora lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC); Evkafçiftliği, Göksu Nehri [river] canyon (N 36°27′23.6″ E 33°38′12.3″), puddle in drying brook,
5.v.2007, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Konya province: 20 km S of Akşehir, 24.vi.1998, 1 ♂ 1 ♀
(ma), J. Halada lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883, as V. rivulorum f. ventralis), Tamanini (1951, types, as Velia filippii anatolica),
Hoberlandt (1952a, as V. nervosa and V. filippii, revised!), Tamanini (1952, as V. ventralis), Tamanini (1953), Sienkiewicz (1964, as V. rivulorum var. ventralis), Tamanini (1970), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al.
(2008, as V. affinis filippii, misidentification); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Tamanini (1955b), Nieser & Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Ukraine (Crimea), South European Territory of Russia (Stavropol Region), Transcaucasia,
Anatolia, Cyprus, Lebanon, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan (Nieser & Moubayed 1985, Andersen 1995, Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Tamanini (1953, 1955b), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
Velia (Plesiovelia) affinis filippii Tamanini, 1947
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Kofçaz 10 km under brook (loc. 4), 1 ♂; Sarpdere—Dupnisa (loc. 23), 14 ♂♂ 15 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. New species for Turkey.
Asian Turkey. Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008).
General distribution. Italy, Slovenia, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece
(Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Protić & Živić 2007).
Comment. The previous records of V. filippii from Anatolia (Hoberlandt 1952a, Önder et al. 2006, Kıyak et al.
2008) belong to the Asian subspecies V. affinis affinis, partly due to nomenclatorial confusion because V. a. affinis
was also described under the name V. filippii anatolica Tamanini, 1951.
Identification. Tamanini (1953, 1955b), Kanyukova (2006).
Velia (Plesiovelia) kiritshenkoi Tamanini, 1958
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Kahramanmaraş province: ca. 25 km SW Kahramanmaraş, Fatih env. (N
37°26′ E 36°41′), 1115 m a.s.l., stream, 17.–18.vi.2003, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC). Van province: ca. 60 km NE Van, Muradiye Şelalesi [waterfall] (N 39°03′ E 43°45′), 1810 m a.s.l.,
stream, 23.–24.vi.2003, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ap), J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Tamanini (1970), Andersen (1995); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Armenia, Azerbaijan (Talysh Mts.), north-eastern Anatolia (Tamanini 1958a, Andersen
1995, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Velia kiritshenkoi was so far recorded from the provinces Giresun, Sivas, and Akdağ Mts. situated
between Sivas, Tokat, and Yozgat provinces.
Identification. Tamanini (1958a,b), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (2006).
FENT ET AL.
Velia (Plesiovelia) mancinii lyciae Tamanini, 1955
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: ‘Kardaşı, W Anatolia’ [?Denizli province: Karataş], 13.vi.1968, 2 ♂♂ 42
♀♀ (ma), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Tamanini (1955a, types; 1970), Andersen (1995); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Tamanini (1955b), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Southern Anatolia (Muğla province, Taurus Mts. in Cilicia) (Tamanini 1955a, 1970; Andersen 1995), Iran (Andersen 1995; Modarres Awal 2008, as V. mancinii). The nominotypical subspecies, V. m. mancinii, is distributed in Balkan Peninsula and South European Russia (Krasnodarsk Region) (Andersen 1995,
Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Tamanini (1955a,b), Kanyukova (2006).
Velia (Plesiovelia) mariae Tamanini, 1971
= Velia helenae Tamanini, 1970 (preoccupied)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: ‘Kardaşı, W Anatolia’ [?Denizli province: Karataş], 13.vi.1968, 11 ♂♂
12 ♀♀ (ap), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Tamanini (1970, types, as V. helenae; 1971, substitute name), Andersen (1995); this paper.
General distribution. Endemic to north-western Anatolia (Düzce province) (Tamanini 1970, Andersen 1995).
Identification. Tamanini (1970).
Velia (Plesiovelia) rhadamantha rhadamantha Hoberlandt, 1941
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Sarpdere (loc. 5), 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent det.
(TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. New species for fauna of Turkey.
General distribution. Bulgaria, Greece (including Crete) (Andersen 1995).
Identification. Tamanini (1955b).
GERRIDAE Leach, 1815
GERRINAE Leach, 1815
Gerrini Leach, 1815
Aquarius Schellenberg, 1800
Aquarius paludum paludum (Fabricius, 1794)
= Cylindrostethus bergrothi Lindberg, 1922
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Süleoğlu (stream under dam) (loc. 8), 1 ♂ 1 ♀;
Enez—Gala Gölü [lake] (loc. 10), 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Suakacağı village (loc. 35), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Feke, Kıvırcıklı Çayı [stream] 13.vii.1978, 1 ♂, T. Kırgız lgt., M. Fent det. (TUET). Aydın
province: Söke, Menderes Nehri [river], , 7.vi.1968, 1 ♀ (br), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Hatay province:
Hatay env., Amik Gölü [lake] [drained in the period 1940s–1970s], 18.v.1953, 1 ♀ (ma), Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). Osmaniye province: Haruniye [= Düziçi], vi.1953, 14 ♂♂ 14 ♀♀ (ma) 1 ♀ (br), Dr. H.
Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema
(2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as Gerris p., revised!), Wagner (1959, as Gerris paludum bergrothi), Andersen
(1995), Kıyak et al. (2004), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008), Salur & Mesci (2009).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as Gerris p.), Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as Gerris p.), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
41
General distribution. Widely distributed in Palaearctic Region (except North Africa), overlapping to north of the
Oriental Region (India, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam) (Andersen 1995, Protić 1998). The species is recently dispersing in northern Europe (Damgaard 2010).
Comment. The phylogeographic study of mtDNA (COI gene) of A. paludum was published by Damgaard & Zettel
(2004).
Identification. Andersen (1990), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Kanyukova (1982, 2006).
Aquarius ventralis (Fieber, 1860)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Dereköy—Çağlayan (loc. 3), 3 ♂♂; Sarpdere—Dupnisa (loc. 23), 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀; Bulanıkdere [stream] (loc. 29), 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀; Asmal Deresi [stream] (loc. 30), 2
♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Asker Deresi [stream] (loc. 31), 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province:
Kozan Çayı [stream], 13.vii.1978, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, T. Kırgız lgt., M. Fent det. (TUET). Antalya province: 80 km NE of
Antalya, Beşkonak, Köprülü canyon, 7.ix.1992, 1 ♂ (ap), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC); Köprü Çayı
[stream], Köprülü canyon Nat. Park, Beşkonak (N 37°09′ E 31°12′), Köprü Çayı [stream], 24.iv.2004, 9 ♂♂ 7 ♀♀
(ap; in copula), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Hatay province: İskenderun, town Payas env. (N 36°14′ E 36° 14′),
river, 10.iv.2002, 6 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀ (ap), P. Bogusch & J. Skuhrovec lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Oshanin (1908, as Gerris (Hygrotrechus) ventralis), Oshanin (1912, as Gerris ventralis), Josifov (1986, as Gerris ventralis), Andersen (1995), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact records from Turkish
Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b, as Gerris ventralis), Hoberlandt (1952a, as Gerris ventralis), Andersen (1995),
Damgaard et al. (2000), Damgaard (2005), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008, as A. najas, misidentification), Ustaoğlu et al. (2008, as A. najas, misidentification), Şerban (2010); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as Gerris ventralis), Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as Gerris ventralis),
Andersen (1990), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. South of Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria, Greece, Turkish Thrace), Anatolia, Cyprus, Lebanon,
Israel (Andersen 1995, Damgaard 2005). In the collection of NMPC there are also specimens from Syria, representing a new country record: ‘Turk-Syr. Border’, 800 m a.s.l., no date, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (ap); ‘Latakia—river’, 800 m
a.s.l., 1.–3.viii.1953, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ap), all Coll. Am. Un. Beirut, K. Christiansen lgt., L. Hoberlandt 1979 det., P.
Kment revid.
Comment. All the records of the vicariant Aquarius najas (De Geer, 1773) by Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008) and from
Anatolia belong to this species.
Identification. Andersen (1990).
Gerris Fabricius, 1794
Subgenus Gerris s. str.
Gerris (Gerris) argentatus Schummel, 1832
(Fig. 32)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Tekirdağ Province: Malkara-Izgar village (loc. 36), stream,
24.iii.2010, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, M. Fent lgt. & det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Antalya province: 25 km E Antalya, Perge
near Aksu, 2.v.1991, 1 ♀ (ma) 1 ♀ (ap) (Fig. 32), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Mersin province: Erdemli
(Loc. No. 109), 24.–26.viii.1970, 1 ♂ (ma), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Niğde province:
Kayırlı env. (N 38°19′ E 34°31′), Gösterli village, Nargölü [crater lake], 29.iv.2004, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. &
det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. First record from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Linnavuori (1965), Özesmi & Önder (1988), Andersen (1995), Önder
et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008), Salur & Mesci (2009).
(2006).
FENT ET AL.
General distribution. Widely distributed Palaearctic species, occurring in most European countries, north-western
Africa, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Central Asia, and Siberia (Nieser & Moubayed
1985, Andersen 1995, Lukashuk 1997, Protić 1998, Kment 2006a).
Identification. Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Andersen (1994), Linnavuori (1998), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000). See
also comment under G. caucasicus (below).
FIGURES 32–34. 32—Gerris (Gerris) argentatus Schummel, 1832, female (Antalya province: Perge near Aksu, body length
6.7 mm); 33–34—Gerris (Gerris) caucasicus Kanyukova, 1982, female (Sivas province: Tödürge Gölü, body length 8.9 mm).
Gerris (Gerris) caucasicus Kanyukova, 1982
(Figs. 33–34)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Çorum province: Boğazkale env., Yazılıkaya (N 40°01′32.8″ E
34°37′54.1″), 1160 m a.s.l., small pool by parking place, 18.v.2005, 1 ♂ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Sivas
province: Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), northern shore by university station, 25.vi.2002, 1 ♀
(mi) (Figs. 33–34), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Andersen (1995); this paper. First exact records from Turkey.
Turkey (not distinguished). Andersen (1994), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. South European Territory of Russia (Krasnodarsk region, Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria,
Daghestan), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Anatolia, and north-western Iran (Kanyukova 1982, 2006; Andersen
1995; Linnavuori & Hosseini 2000; Damgaard & Cognato 2005; Prokin et al. 2009). The record of Gerris (Geriselloides) kiritshenkoi Kanyukova, 1979 from Iraq (Linnavuori 1994), later attributed to G. caucasicus (Andersen
1995, Kanyukova 2006) was finally described as distinct species G. (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998 (Linnavuori 1998).
Identification. Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Andersen (1994), Linnavuori (1998), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
This species is very similar to G. argentatus, but differs in the following characters: middle and hind femora pale
43
brown with black apex in G. caucasicus (brown with black longitudinal stripe along its entire dorsal surface in G.
argentatus) (Kanyukova 1982, 2006); rudiments of hemelytra in micropterous specimens larger in G. caucasicus
(very small and hardly apparent in G. argentatus) (Linnavuori 1998; see also Figs. 32–33); structure of apices of
connexiva and male and female genitalia (Kanyukova 1982, 2006; Andersen 1994; Linnavuori 1998); and larger
size—G. caucasicus: 6.5–11.5 mm; G. argentaus: 5.2–8.3 mm (Kanyukova 1982, 2006; Andersen 1994). Males are
mostly smaller than females in both sexes. Linnavuori (1998) gave measurements of micropterous females as follows: G. caucasius 9.0–10.0 mm, G. argentatus 7.5–8.0 mm.
Gerris (Gerris) costae fieberi Stichel, 1938
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Kırklareli province: Dereköy—Çağlayan (loc. 3), 1 ♂; Kofçaz 10
km under brook (loc. 4), 2 ♀♀ 1 larva, M. Fent det. (TUET). Tekirdağ Province: Malkara-Izgar village (loc. 36),
fountain, 24.iii.2010, 1 ♀, M. Fent lgt. & det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Aksaray province: Güzelyurt env. (N
38°17′ E 34°23′), road from Çiftlik to Güzelyurt, 28.iv.2004, 1 ♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Ardahan
province: 12 km E Şavşat, Çam Geçidi [pass] (N 41°12.0′ E 42°30.6′), 2430–2485 m a.s.l., steppes and pastures on
N slope, ruins of stony shelters near the stream, small tanks, 2.–3.vii.2004, 1 ♂ (ma), J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). Artvin province: Barhal [= Altıparmak] (N 40°58′07.2″ E 41°24´06.5″), pool under the village, 13.v.2005, 2 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); 8 km E Şavşat, 1930 m a.s.l., Karagöl Sahara Nat.
Park (N 41°13.5′ E 42°27.1′), 4.–5.vii.2004, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ma), J. Hájek & J. Růžička lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Çorum province: Boğazkale env., Yazılıkaya (N 40°01′32.8″ E 34°37′54.1″), 1160 m a.s.l., small pool by parking
place, 18.v.2005, 2 ♂♂ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC); Seyfe Çayı [stream], 12.viii.1987, 1 ♂, H. Güher lgt.,
M. Fent det. (TUET). Erzincan province: Çağlayan (N 39°36′ E 39°42′), valley above waterfall, brook, 23.vi.2002,
5 ♂♂ 1 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Arslanköy env. (N 36°59′26.5″ E 34°16′44.5″),
1379 m a.s.l., valley of the brook above the village, 6.v.2007, 1 ♂ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Kastamonu
province: Kastamonu env., water trough, 30.viii.1970, 2 ♂♂ (ma), D. Goddard lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Sivas
province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N 39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), river above the village, 26.vi.2002, 2 ♀♀ (ma),
16.v.2005, 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur
Nehri [river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♂ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006, as G. costae), Aukema (2009); this
paper. First exact records from Turkish Thrace.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883, as G. costae), Oshanin (1908, as Gerris (Gerris) costae), Oshanin (1912, as G. costae), Kiritshenko (1918, as G. lateralis, misidentifications), Poisson (1925, as G. costae), Gadeau de Kerville (1939,
as G. Costae), Hoberlandt (1952a, as G. costae; revised!), Andersen (1995), Kıyak et al. (2004, 2008, all as G. costae), Damgaard (2006, as G. costae), Önder et al. (2006, as G. costae costae), Salur & Mesci (2009, as G. costae).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955, as G. costai fieberi), Kanyukova (1982, as G. costae costae), Nieser &
Moubayed (1985), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kanyukova (2006).
General distribution. Gerris costae fieberi is distributed in Italy, Balkan Peninsula, Ukraine, Central and South
European Territory of Russia, European part of the Kazakhstan, Egypt, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon,
Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan (Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Saleh Ahmed & Gadalla 2005). Gerris c. costae (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850) is limited to the Alps and G. c. poissoni Wagner & Zimmermann, 1955 to western Europe (Andersen 1995). Gheit (1995) reported G. costae from Morocco without indication
of the subspecies. Klingenberg (1992) confirmed the validity of the subspecies by multivariate morphometric
study. However, Damgaard (2006), based on molecular data, downgraded Gerris sahlbergi Distant, 1879 (Central
Asia, Siberia, Mongolia, China, northern India) to a subspecies of G. costae, and further questioned the validity of
the included subspecies based on the lack of geographical substructure in the mitochondrial DNA examined.
Identification. For identification of the species see Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Andersen (1994), Linnavuori (1998),
Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000). Diagnoses of the subspecies are given by Wagner & Zimmermann (1955).
FENT ET AL.
Gerris (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998
(Figs. 35–37)
Gerris (Gerris) lacustris (misidentification): Hoberlandt (1952a: 34, partim).
Gerris (Gerris) lacustris (misidentification): Jaczewski (1964: 263–265) (see also Linnavuori 1994).
Gerris (Geriselloides) kiritshenkoi (misidentification): Linnavuori (1994: 91–92).
Gerris (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998: 17–22.
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Kilis province: Kilis, 20.viii.1947, 1 ♀ (mi) (Figs. 35–37), Exp. N. Mus.
ČR lgt., L. Hoberlandt 1949 det. as Gerris (Gerris) ? lacustris, P. Kment revid. (NMPC).
FIGURES 35–37. Gerris (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998, female (Kilis province: Kilis, body length 6.5 mm).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as G. lacustris, 1 ♀ (mi) from Kilis); this paper. New species for Turkey.
General distribution. So far known only according to three micropterous females from locality Al Kabaish (ca.
31°N 47°E) in marshland along the Euphrates River between An Nāşiriyāh and Al Qurna in south-eastern Iraq
(Linnavuori 1998), and the present record from southern Anatolia (Hoberlandt 1952a, this paper). The records of G.
lacustris reported from northern Iraq by Jaczewski (1964) possibly belong to this species as well (see Comment
below).
Comment. Hoberlandt (1952a) wrote about the above mentioned specimen: ‘The micropterous female, collected
near Kilis, distinguishies itself from all specimens of this species by its small size 6.69 mm, unusually strong lustre,
especially of the tergum, the unusually pale coloured venter and sternum, and the two basal yellow coloured joints
of rostrum. This specimen was collected on slightly running water, which formed in several steps above each other
swampy pools with very warm and unclean water without vegetation. The air temperature in the limestone ravin, at
whose bottom the specimen was caught, was 58°C.’ Jaczewski (1964) reported G. lacustris from two nearby localities in northern Iraq (‘Kurdistan, Askikalak on the Great Zab and the highway from Erbil to Mosul’; together 1 ♀
(ma), 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (ap), describing the localities as (shallow) branches of the river overgrown with reed and other
aquatic plants. He further added the following comment: ‘All specimens of the type described by Hoberlandt
45
[1952a] for the micropterous female taken near Kilis, Turkey, at the north-western frontier of Syria. They are
smaller than Central European specimens, show a strongly shining abdominal tergum and have the two basal joints
of the rostrum of a pale yellow colour. Further studies of the geographical variation within this species will show
whether they deserve separation as a subspecies.’ Linnavuori (1994) recorded the species under the name G. (Geriselloides) kiritshenkoi Kanyukova, 1979; however, he mentioned several differences between his Iraqi specimens
and the paratypes of G. kiritshenkoi. Linnavuori (1994) also stated that the records of G. lacustris from environs of
Askikalak by Jaczewski (1964) belong ‘undoubtedly’ to the same taxon. Subsequently Andersen (1995) and
Kanyukova (2006) erroneously attributed the Linnavuori’s (1994) ‘G. kiritshenkoi’ to G. caucasicus. Finally, Linnavuori (1998) compared the Iraqi specimens to material of G. kiritshenkoi collected in Gilan (north-western Iran)
and described them as a separate species—G. kabaishanus. The specimens of G. kabaishanus from ‘Al Kabaish’
were collected on open water in the immense Typha marshes (Linnavuori 1994, 1998). Recently we had the possibility for re-examining the Hoberlandt’s (1952a) female of G. lacustris from Kilis, confirming its identity as G.
kabaishanus.
Identification. Linnavuori (1998). So far only the micropterous female has been described; the examination of the
male and macropterous female mentioned by Jaczewski (1964) is desirable.
Gerris (Gerris) lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Süleoğlu (stream under dam) (loc. 8), 4 ♂♂ 3
♀♀; Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 1 ♀; Keşan—Kürekli Göleti (loc. 17), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
Tekirdağ Province: Malkara-Izgar village (loc. 36), stream, 24.iii.2010, 2 ♀♀, M. Fent lgt. & det. (TUET). ASIAN
TURKEY: Bolu province: Akçaalan env., valley under Abant Gölü [lake], small pool, ca. 1300 m a.s.l., 5.v.2004,
3 ♂♂ 4 ♀♀ (ma) 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Çanakkale province: S of Ayvacık (N 39°34′28″ E
26°24′04″), 280 m a.s.l., banks of small river, gravel and vegetation, 27.–28.ix.2006, 2 ♂♂ (ma), M. Fikáček lgt., P.
Kment det. (NMPC). Giresun province: Espiye [= Esbye] env., at Hacımahmutlu village, brook in Corylus
plantation, 9.v.2005, 2 ♀♀ (ma) 1 ♂ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Rize province: Şenyuva env., valley
towards Zilkale (N 41°00′11.4″ E 41°59′06.6″), pools, 11.v.2005, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma) 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. &
det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N 39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), river above the village,
16.v.2005, 3 ♂♂ 1 ♀ (ma) 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Trabzon province: Uzungöl env., Uzungöl
[lake] (N 40°36′06.9″ E 40°19′02.3″), 1130 m a.s.l., 10.v.2005, 1 ♂ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). ?:
‘Kardaşı, W Anatolia’ [?Denizli] province: Karataş], 13.vi.1968, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ma), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema
(2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Fahringer (1922), Hoberlandt (1952a, partim, except the 1 ♀ (mi) from Kilis—see above; revised!),
Kıyak et al. (2004, 2008), Damgaard (2006b), Önder et al. (2006), Salur & Mesci (2009). Topkara et al. (2009);
this paper.
(2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed Palaearctic species, occurring in most of European countries, northwestern Africa, Anatolia, Georgia, Iran, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Siberia, Russian Far East, Mongolia, northern
China, Korea, and Japan (Andersen 1995, Usui et al. 1997, Protić 1998, Kanyukova 2006). The record from Iraq
(Jaczewski 1964) probably belongs to G. kabaishanus (see above); not recorded from Iraq by Andersen (1995).
Comment. Andersen (1995) omitted G. lacustris from Anatolia, probably by mistake.
Gerris (Gerris) maculatus Tamanini, 1946
= Gerris gibbifer var. maculata Tamanini, 1946
= Gerris italicus Wagner, 1955
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Suakacağı village (loc. 35), 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, M. Fent
det. (TUET). Tekirdağ province: Kınalı Deresi [stream] (loc. 6), 3 ♀♀, M. Fent det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY:
FENT ET AL.
Antalya province: Tekirova env., near antique Phaselis, 3.–4.v.1991, 1 ♂ (mi), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Erzincan province: Çağlayan (N 39°36′ E 39°42′), valley above waterfall, brook, 23.vi.2002, 5 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀ (ma), P.
Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Hatay province: Hatay env., Amik Gölü [lake] [drained in the period 1940s–1970s],
18.v.1953, 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀ (ma), Dr. H. Kumerloeve lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC); İskenderun, 9.–14.vi.1952, 1 ♂ 1 ♀
(ma), G. Seidenstücker lgt. & det. as G. italicus, P. Kment revid. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N
39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), spring by river above the village, 26.vi.2002, 1 ♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC);
Zara env., Tödürge Gölü [lake] (N 39°53′ E 37°37′), swamp along the road to university station, 27.vi.2002, 2 ♂♂
(br), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river] valley,
oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as G. gibbifer, misidentification; revised!), Josifov (1986a), Andersen
(1995), Önder et al. (2006, as G. gibbifer, misidentification), Aukema (2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1919, as G. gibbifer, misidentification), Poisson (1925, as G. gibbifer and G. gibbifer f. flaviventris, misidentification), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, as G. gibbifer and G. gibbifer f. flaviventris, misidentification), Seidenstücker (1957, as G. italicus), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006, as both G. maculatus and G.
gibbifer, misidentification), Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008, as G. gibbifer, misidentification), Salur & Mesci (2009, as G.
gibbifer, misidentification).
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985, as G. gibbifer, misidentification), Kıyak & Özsaraç
(2001).
General distribution. Southern Europe from France and Italy to Greece and Ukraine; Algeria, Tunisia; Anatolia,
Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, and Israel (Andersen 1995, Strpić 1997).
Comment. Andersen (1995): ‘Previous records of Gerris gibbifer from SE Europe, N Africa, andt the Middle East
probably apply to Gerris maculatus.’
Identification. Seidenstücker (1957, as G. italicus), Tamanini (1979), Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Andersen (1994),
Linnavuori (1998), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Gerris (Gerris) thoracicus Schummel, 1832
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Güllapoğlu Deresi [stream] (loc. 11), 1 ♀;
Oğulpaşa Deresi [stream] (loc. 13), 1 ♂, M. Fent det. (TUET). Tekirdağ Province: Malkara-Izgar village (loc. 36),
stream, 24.iii.2010, 1 ♀, M. Fent lgt. & det. (TUET). ASIAN TURKEY: Artvin province: Barhal [= Altıparmak]
(N 40°58′07.2″ E 41°24´06.5″), pool under the village, 13.v.2005, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ma), P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Aydın province: Aydın, 15.vi.1968, 2 ♂♂ (ma), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Konya province: Kızılviran [=
Kızılören], 2.ix.1947, 1 ♀ (ma), Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., N.M. Andersen 1971 det. (NMPC). Trabzon province:
Uzungöl env., Uzungöl [lake] (N 40°36′06.9″ E 40°19′02.3″), 1130 m a.s.l., 10.v.2005, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det.
(NMPC). ?: ‘Kardaşı, W Anatolia’ [?Denizli province: Karataş], 13.vi.1968, 1 ♂ (ma), Ardö lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC).
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper. First exact
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918), Fahringer (1922), Lindberg (1922b), Poisson (1925), Gadeau de Kerville
(1939), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!; also as G. lateralis, misidentification), Seidenstücker (1957), Andersen
(1995), Kıyak et al. (2004), Damgaard (2006), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008), Salur & Mesci (2009); this
paper.
(2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed Palaearctic species, occurring in most of European countries, northwestern Africa, Cyprus, Anatolia, Transcaucasia, Israel, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia,
Kashmir, and North India (Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Biesiadka & Kurzątkowska 2003, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. The female of G. lateralis from ‘Kızılviran’ published by Hoberlandt (1952a) is in fact G. thoracicus
(N.M. Andersen revid.).
47
Subgenus Gerriselloides Hungerford & Matsuda, 1958
Gerris (Gerriselloides) asper (Fieber, 1860)
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1957), Andersen (1995, with ?), Önder et al. (2006), Salur & Mesci (2009).
General distribution. Central and southern Europe, Ukraine, South European Territory of Russia (Astrakhan
region, Adygea, North Osetia), Anatolia, Israel, Syria, Iran, Afghanistan, Morocco, and ?Algeria (Andersen 1995,
García-Avilés 1995, Strpić 1997, Protić 1998, Hufnagel 2000, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2006, Prokin et al. 2008,
Ghahari et al. 2010).
Comment. Previously confused with Gerris lateralis Schummel, 1832.
Identification. Wagner & Zimmermann (1955), Tamanini (1979), Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Schuster (1983),
Andersen (1994).
Limnoporus Stål, 1868
Limnoporus rufoscutellatus (Latreille, 1807)
Asian Turkey. Topkara et al. (in press).
General distribution. Holarctic species, distributed in most European countries (except Iberian Peninsula), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Central Asia, northern China, Mongolia, Siberia, Russian Far East, Japan, Alaska, and
north-western Canada (Andersen 1995, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2006).
Identification. Stichel (1955), Andersen & Spence (1992), Kanyukova (1982, 2006).
LEPTOPODOMORPHA Popov, 1971
SALDOIDEA Amyot & Serville, 1843
SALDIDAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
SALDINAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
Saldoidini Reuter, 1912
Chartoscirta Stål, 1868
Chartoscirta cincta cincta (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1841)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Artvin province: Barhal [= Altıparmak] (N 40°58′07.2″ E 41°24′06.5″),
pool under the village, 13.v.2005, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Cobben (1969), Önder et al. (1981), Cobben (1987b), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Şerban
(2010); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Europe, Siberia, Cyprus, Anatolia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, ?Syria,
Jordan, Israel, ?Morocco, and Afrotropical Region (Lindskog 1995, Protić 1998, Katbeh et al. 2000, Linnavuori &
Hosseini 2000, Gogala 2003, Coulianos 2005, Vinokurov 2007, S`derman & Dapkus 2009).
Identification. Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000), Vinokurov (2007).
Chartoscirta cocksii (Curtis, 1835)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Erzincan province: ca. 40 km SE of Erzincan, near Çağlayan, Bursa village env., 10.–14.vii.1997, 1 ♂, P. Průdek & M. Říha lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
FENT ET AL.
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960, as C. cocksi), Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Europe, Anatolia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Morocco (Lindskog 1995, Lukashuk
1997, Protić 1998, Coulianos 2005, Vinokurov 2007).
Comments. The four females mentioned by Hoberlandt (1952a) are currently missing in NMPC; we were not able
to revise them.
Macrosaldula Leston & Southwood, 1964
Macrosaldula scotica (Curtis, 1835)
Asian Turkey. Cobben (1985), Lindskog (1995).
Turkey (not distinguished). Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Distributed in most of Europe, Morocco, ?Tunisia, Anatolia, Georgia, and Armenia (Lindskog 1995, Carapezza 1997, Protić 1998).
Comment. Cobben (1985: 258) reported one male from Turkey (Çaycuma); this male and two additional females
from Caucasus differed from the typical M. scotica by longer pilosity on the legs.
Identification. Cobben (1960, 1985), Péricart (1990).
Macrosaldula variabilis (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835)
= Acanthia variabilis var. connectens Horváth, 1888
7.ix.1992, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC); Köprü Çayı [stream], Köprülü canyon Nat. Park, Beşkonak
(N 37°09′ E 31°12′), Köprü Çayı [stream], 24.iv.2004, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC). Aksaray province: Güzelyurt env., Ihlara, 23.vi.1993, 1 ♂, P. Bílek lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Ankara province: Ayaş, 17.vii.1947, 1 ♂,
Exp. N. Mus. ČSR, N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b, as Saldula v.), Hoberlandt (1952a, as Saldula v., revised!), Seidenstücker (1964,
as Saldula v.), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960, as Saldula v. variabilis and S. v. connectens), Cobben (1968, revised),
Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Central and southern Europe, Ukraine (Crimea), Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Anatolia,
Transcaucasia, Israel, Syria, Iraq, and Iran (Lindskog 1995, Carapezza 1997, Protić 1998).
Identification. Cobben (1960, 1985), Péricart (1990), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Saldula Van Duzee, 1914
Saldula amplicollis (Reuter, 1891)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: Suluhan, Toros Dağları [Mts.], 11.viii.1947, 1 spec.,
Exp. N. Mus. ČSR, N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC). Antalya province: 80 km NE of Antalya, Beşkonak, Köprülü
canyon, 7.ix.1992, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Ardahan province: Göle env., 1 km E Senemoğlu village (N 40°47.0′ E 42°40.5′), 2080 m a.s.l., dry steppe slopes of river valley, 8.vii.2004, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Růžička
lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Bitlis province: Kekliktepe, Tatvan env., Kırmızıtaş Tepe, mountain area, 1600–2000
m a.s.l., 15.v.2005, 2 ♀♀, Z. Malinka lgt., N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC). Erzurum province: ca. 50 km S Erzurum,
Hamzalar, hot springs (N39°27′ E41°07′), 1935 m a.s.l., 21.vi.2003, 1 ♀, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC). Hatay province: Nur Dağları [Mts.], Tülek, Uluçınar env., 5.–6.v.2005, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det.
(NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Oshanin (1910, as Acanthia (Acanthia) ampiicollis, subsequent incorrect spelling), Oshanin (1912,
as Acanthia a.), Lindberg (1922b), Drake & Hoberlandt (1952), Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Seidenstücker
(1964), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
49
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Southern Europe, Slovakia, Canary Islands, Morocco, Cyprus, Anatolia, Armenia, Lebanon,
?Israel, Syria, Iran, ?Kirgizia (Lindskog 1995; Benedek 1970; Protić 1998, 2009).
Comment. The specimens from localities ‘Beynam’ and ‘Çamlıdere’ (Hoberlandt 1952a) belong to S. amplicollis
(P. Kment revid.); the specimen from ‘Yeniköy’ is currently missing in NMPC.
Saldula arenicola arenicola (Scholtz, 1847)
= S. arenicola f. connectens Reuter, 1895
= S. arenicola f. nigripes Wagner, 1940
= S. arenicola f. simulator Reuter, 1895
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Edirne, 8.–13.vi.1947, 10 ♂♂ 25 ♀♀, Exp. N.
Mus. ČSR lgt., N.N. Vinokurov & P. Kment det. (NMPC). ASIAN TURKEY: Adana province: 45 km N Adana,
Boztahta env. (N 37°23′ E 35°15′), stream, 460 m a.s.l., 13.–14.vi.2003, 1 ♂, J. Hájek & J. Hotový lgt., P. Kment
det. (NMPC). Ankara province: Kızılcahamam, 14.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR, P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Antalya province: 25 km E Antalya, Perge near Aksu, 2.v.1991, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Burdur
province: Burdur env., Burdur salt lake, 9.v.1991, 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Tunceli province:
Tunceli (N 39°06′ E 39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♂, P. Kment lgt. &
det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, also as S. arenicola f. connectens and f. simulator, partim; revised!), Josifov (1986a), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Aukema (2009); this paper.
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b), Drake & Hoberlandt (1952), Hoberlandt (1952a, also as S. arenicola f. connectens and f. simulator, partim; revised!), Seidenstücker (1964), Önder et al. (1981, 2006), Lindskog (1995), Şerban
(2010); this paper.
General distribution. Widely distributed in most of European countries, North Africa, Asia from Cyprus and Anatolia to Yemen, Afghanistan, China (almost all territory), and East Siberia, as well as in the Afrotropical Region
(Lindskog 1995; Lukashuk 1997; Protić 1998; Coulianos 2005; Gogala 2008; Vinokurov, pers. comm.).
Comment. The following specimens misidentified as S. arenicola by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to S.
palustris: 13 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ of S. arenicola f. simulator from ‘Akşehir Gölü’, 10 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ of S. arenicola f. simulator
from ‘Moğan Gölü’, and 1 ♂ of S. arenicola f. simulator from ‘Sivrihisar’ (P. Kment revid.). A single female of S.
arenicola f. nigripes from ‘Kızılcahamam’ (Hoberlandt 1952a) is in fact S. pallipes (P. Kment revid.).
Saldula lindbergi Lindskog, 1975
(Fig. 38)
7.ix.1992, 2 ♂♂ (Fig. 38), Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC ZJPC); 50 km S Antalya, Tekirova env., near
antique Phaselis, 3.–4.v.1991, 1 ♂, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Drake & Hoberlandt (1952, as S. hirsuta, misidentification), Hoberlandt (1952a, as S. hirsuta, misidentification); Cobben (1959, as a new species different from S. hirsuta), Lindskog (1975, 1995); this paper.
General distribution. Cyprus and southern Anatolia (Lindskog 1975, 1995).
Comments. Drake & Hoberlandt (1952) and Hoberlandt (1952a) recorded this species from Anatolia under the
name Saldula hirsuta (Reuter, 1888). Cobben (1959) was the first who recognized it as a new species different
from S. hirsuta, but he did not describe it. Lindskog (1975) described his new species from Cyprus and attributed
the Hoberlandt’s (1952a) specimens to it, considering the slight differences as intraspecific variability. Unfortunately, both specimens of S. linbergi from ‘Bürücek’ (Hoberlandt 1952a, Lindskog 1975) are currently missing in
the NMPC.
FENT ET AL.
Identification. Lindskog (1975).
FIGURES 38–39. 38—Saldula lindbergi Lindskog, 1975: male (Antalya province: Köprülü canyon, 4.1 mm); 39—Saldula
sp.: female (Hatay province: Karaçay, 3.6 mm).
Saldula melanoscela (Fieber, 1859)
7.ix.1992, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC); Elmalı env., Avlanbeli Geçidi [pass], 800–1600 m a.s.l., 14.–
17.vi.1996, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Z. Malinka & V. Švihla lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC, ZJPC). İzmir province: Efes, ruins of
ancient Ephesos, 29.iv.1991, 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, revised!), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Distributed from Sweden, Great Britain and Spain to Israel, Iran, Central Asia, northern
China and East Siberia (Lindskog 1995; Lukashuk 1997; Protić 1998; Hewitt 2001; Vinokurov 2004, 2009b). In
the collection of NMPC, there is one specimen from Lebanon: Nahr Array, 800 m a.s.l., 15.–20.ix.1952, Coll. Am
Un. Beirut, K. Christiansen lgt., N.N. Vinokurov det. This is a new record for Lebanon.
51
Saldula misis Seidenstücker, 1964
= Saldula xanthochila misis Seidenstücker, 1964
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1964, as S. xanthochila misis), Cobben (1987a: 411), Lindskog (1995).
General distribution. Anatolia, Iraq and Iran (Cobben 1987a, Linnavuori 1994, Lindskog 1995).
Comments. Cobben (1987a: 411) raised S. misis to species status. However, Lindskog (1995) regarded the specific
separation from S. xanthochila (Fieber, 1859) doubtful, as he examined misis-like specimens also from northern
China.
Identification. Seidenstücker (1964), Cobben (1987a).
Saldula opacula (Zetterstedt, 1838)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Mersin province: Kurtuluş, salt marsh, coast of Göksu river delta, Silifke
env., 24.v.2005, 1 spec., Z. Malinka lgt., N. N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC). Sivas province: Zara env., Demiryurt (N
39°50′35.1″ E 37°36′47.5″), river above the village, 26.vi.2002, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1964), Önder et al. (1981), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Holarctic species, distributed in Europe, in Asia from Anatolia to India (Kashmir), China
(Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan), Korea, and Japan, and in Canada and the USA (Lee et
al. 1994; Lindskog 1995; Protić 1998; Vinokurov, pers. comm.).
Saldula orthochila (Fieber, 1859)
Asian Turkey. Lindskog (1995).
Turkey (not distinguished). Péricart (1990, as revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Palaearctic, Oriental (India), Nearctic, and Neotropical Region (Lindskog 1995, Protić 1998).
Comment. There is no exact record published from Turkey so far.
Saldula pallipes (Fabricius, 1794)
= S. pallipes f. confluens Reuter, 1891
= S. pallipes f. dimidiata Curtis, 1835
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Ankara province: Kızılcahamam, 14.ix.1947, 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR
lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Antalya province: Patara env., 60 km S of Fethiye, environs of mouth of Eşen Nehri
[river] to Mediterranean Sea, 7.v.1991, 2 ♂♂, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC); 25 km E Antalya, Perge near
Aksu, 2.v.1991, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). Eskişehir province: Yapıldak env., Midas Şehri
ancient tombs, 7.vii.2006, 1 ♀, L. Juřičková lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Alahan, Toros Dağları
[Mts.], 29.viii.1947, 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Kayseri province: Erciyes, 1800 m
a.s.l., 24.viii.1947, 4 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Konya province: Kızılviran [=
Kızılören], 2.ix.1947, 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Tunceli province: Tunceli (N 39°06′ E
39°33′), Munzur Nehri [river] valley, oxbow lake near bridge, 22.vi.2002, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Şerban (2010).
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b), Hoberlandt (1952a, also as S. pallipes f. confluens; and misidentifications of S.
arenicola f. nigripes, S. saltatoria (partim), and S. saltatoria f. westhoffi), Seidenstücker (1964), Lindskog (1995),
Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008), Şerban (2010); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Palaearctic and Afrotropical Region (Lindskog 1995, Lukashuk 1997,
Protić 1998, Cuesta Segura et al. 2010).
FENT ET AL.
Comment. The following specimens misidentified by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to S. pallipes: 1 ♀ of S.
arenicola f. nigripes from ‘Kızılcahamam’, 1 ♀ of S. saltatoria from ‘Kızılviran’, and 1 ♀ of S. saltatoria and 1 ♂
of S. saltatoria f. westhoffi from ‘Alahan’ (P. Kment revid.). On the other hand, 4 ♀♀ of S. pallipes f. dimidiata
Curtis, 1835 from ‘Moğan Gölü’, and 1 ♀ of S. pallipes f. dimidiata from ‘Sivrihisar’ represent misidentified specimens of S. palustris (P. Kment revid.).
Saldula palustris (Douglas, 1874)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Afyon/Konya provinces: Akşehir Gölü [lake], 2.ix.1947, 13 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀,
Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Ankara province: Şereflikoçhisar env., 10 km N of the city, shore of
the Tuz Gölü [salt lake], growth of Salsola sp., 2.v.2004, P. Kment lgt., N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC); Mogan Gölü
[lake], 12.vii.1947, 10 ♂♂ 13 ♀♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Eskişehir province: Sivrihisar,
7.ix.1947, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Exp. N. Mus. ČSR lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). Mersin province: Kurtuluş near Silifke, 12.–
17.v.1994, 1 ♀, P. Průdek leg., N.N. Vinokurov det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, as S. arenicola f. simulator and S. pallipes f. dimidiata, misidentification),
Seidenstücker (1964); this paper.
General distribution. Europe (including Greece and Bulgaria), North Africa and Afrotropical Region, and nearly
entire Palaearctic part of Asia (including Cyprus, Transcaucasia, Iran, and Iraq) (Lindskog 1995; Benedek 1970;
Carapezza 1998; Protić 1998, 2009; Gogala 2003; Kment et al. 2003; Vinokurov 2004).
Comment. Halobiont species (e.g., Péricart 1990). This was omitted from Turkey in the catalogue by Lindskog
(1995). The following specimens misidentified by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to S. palustris: 13 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀
of S. arenicola f. simulator from ‘Akşehir Gölü’, 10 ♂♂ 9 ♀♀ of S. arenicola f. simulator and 4 ♀♀ of S. pallipes
f. dimidiata from ‘Moğan Gölü’, and 1 ♂ of S. arenicola f. simulator and 1 ♀ of S. pallipes f. dimidiata from ‘Sivrihisar.’
Identification. Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Lindskog & Polhemus (1992), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000),
Vinokurov (2004).
Saldula pilosella pilosella (Thomson, 1871)
Material examined. EUROPEAN TURKEY: Edirne province: Karaağaç (loc. 19), 1 ♂ 4 ♀♀; Uzunköprü—Salarlı (loc. 33), 1 ♀, M. Fent det. (TUET).
European Turkey. This paper. New species for the fauna of Turkey.
General distribution. Palaearctic species distributed in many European countries, Canary Islands, Morocco, Algeria, and Asia from Azerbaijan and Iran to central China, Korea, Japan, and Russian Far East (Lee et al. 1994; Lindskog 1995; Protić 1998, 2009; Coulianos 1999; Gogala 2003; Vinokurov 2004; Linnavuori 2009).
Saldula saltatoria (Linnaeus, 1758)
= Saldula saltatoria f. westhoffi Verhoeff, 1891
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1883), Hoberlandt (1952a, partim; revised!), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak
et al. (2008).
General distribution. Holarctic species distributed in Europe, North Africa, Asia from Anatolia to Tajikistan,
northern and south-western China (Inner Mongolia, Sichuan), Japan, and Russian Far East, in Canada and the USA
(Lindskog 1995; Carapezza 1997; Protić 1998; Vinokurov, pers. comm.).
Comments. The following specimens, 1 ♀ of S. saltatoria from ‘Kızılviran’, and 1 ♀ of S. saltatoria and 1 ♂ of S.
saltatoria f. westhoffi from ‘Alahan’, misidentified by Hoberlandt (1952a), belong in fact to S. pallipes (P. Kment
revid.). The remaining specimen, 1 ♂ from ‘Ilgaz Dağları’ (Çankırı/Kastamonu provinces), seems to belong to S.
saltatoria as defined in keys by Péricart (1990) and Vinokurov (2004).
53
Lindskog (1995: 133) wrote: ‘Old, unverified records from Israel, Syria and Egypt may possibly refer to an
undescribed species (close to S. lindbergi Lindskog) known from Israel and Lebanon.’ This, Lindskog’s species,
remains still undescribed. We examined one female of Saldula sp. from Turkey: Hatay province: Karaçay, Asi
Nehri [river] valley, 6.–8.v.2005, Z. Malinka lgt. (NMPC) (Fig. 39) which stands between S. melanoscela (the
shape of pronotum) and S. saltatoria (foretibia pattern) using the keys by Péricart (1990) and Vinokurov (2004). It
is possible that our specimen from Karaçay is the same as Linskog’s undescribed species.
Saldula xanthochila (Fieber, 1859)
Asian Turkey. Cobben (1987a: 411), Lindskog (1995).
Turkey (not distinguished). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et al. (2006, as S. xsanthochila [sic!, lapsus calami]).
General distribution. Southern Europe and southern parts of Central Europe, ?Algeria, Asia from Anatolia to
northern India, Central Asia, Mongolia, north-eastern China, and East Siberia (Lindskog 1995, Protić 1998).
Saldini Amyot & Serville, 1843
Salda Fabricius, 1803
Salda littoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)
= Salda subcoriacea Horváth, 1901
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Antalya province: Patara env., 60 km S of Fethiye, environs of mouth of
Eşen Nehri [river], to Mediterranean Sea, 7.v.1991, 1 ♂, Z. Jindra lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1901, as S. subcoriacea, types), Oshanin (1908, as Acanthia (Sciodopterus) subcoriacea),
Oshanin (1912, as S. subcoriacea), Drake & Hoberlandt (1952, as S. subcoriacea), Hoberlandt (1952a, as S. subcoriacea), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960, as S. littoralis subcoriacea), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001, as S. l. subcoriacea).
General distribution. Holarctic species, distributed in Europe, in Asia from Anatolia to Tajikistan, northern and
south-western China, Mongolia, Japan, and Russian Far East, in Alaska and Canada (Lindskog 1995; Kis 1996;
Lukashuk 1997; Protić 1998, 2009; Vinokurov 2010). The subcoriacea form has been recorded from Greece and
Anatolia, but adriatica/subcoriacea-like specimens were examined also from mountains of Kirgizia (Lindskog
1995).
Comments. The status of S. subcoriacea and its separation from S. littoralis and S. adriatica Horváth, 1887 is
questionable (Cobben 1960, 1985; Péricart 1990; Lindskog 1995).
Identification. Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990), Vinokurov (2010).
LEPTOPODOIDEA Brullé, 1836
LEPTOPODIDAE Brullé, 1836
LEPTOPODINAE Brullé, 1836
Leptopodini Brullé, 1836
Erianotus Fieber, 1860
Erianotus lanosus (Dufour, 1834)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Karabük province: 20 km E Karabük, 22.–23.vi.1996, 1 ♂, V. Švihla lgt.,
P. Kment det. (ZJPC).
FENT ET AL.
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1983), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
General distribution. Spain, France, Italy, Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, north-western Africa, Asia from Israel and
Anatolia to the United Arab Emirates, Afghanistan, Central Asia, and Mongolia (Lindskog 1995, Linnavuori et al.
2011).
Identification. Stichel (1960), Péricart (1990), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Leptopus Latreille, 1809
Leptopus hispanus Rambur, 1840
= Leptopus sardous A. Costa, 1864
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Hatay province: Hatay env., Karaçay, Asi Nehri [river] valley, 6.–
8.v.2005, 1 ♂, Z. Malinka lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Costa (1874, as L. sardous), Hoberlandt (1952a), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1960), Péricart (1990), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Spain, France, Italy, Greece, North Africa, Cyprus and Asia from Anatolia and Israel to
Afghanistan, and Central Asia (Lindskog 1995).
Leptopus marmoratus (Goeze, 1778)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: Aksaray province: Güzelyurt env., Ihlara (N 38°15′ E 34°19′), Melendiz
Çayı [stream] canyon, 28.iv.2004, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
Asian Turkey. Seidenstücker (1960), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008); this paper.
General distribution. Central and southern Europe, Morocco, Algeria, ?Tunisia (Lindskog 1995, Carapezza 1997,
Derzhansky 1997, Protić 1998) and Anatolia (Seidenstücker 1960). In the collection of NMPC, there is one female
from Lebanon: Bakish, 1650 m a.s.l., 10.v.1953, Coll. Am Un. Beirut, K. Christiansen lgt., L. Hoberlandt 1977
det., P. Kment revid. This is a new record for Lebanon.
Comment. Omitted from Turkey in the Palaearctic catalogue by Lindskog (1995). Seidenstücker (1960) recorded
L. marmoratus from Çekirge (Bursa province), Kıyak et al. (2008) from Cankurtaran (Isparta province).
Identification. Stichel (1960), Péricart (1990).
Patapius Horváth, 1912
Patapius spinosus (Rossi, 1790)
Material examined. ASIAN TURKEY: İzmir province: Ortaklar env. (N 37°53′ E 27°30′), xerothermic limestone
slope above road to Denizli, 21.iv.2004, 1 ♀, P. Kment lgt. & det. (NMPC).
European Turkey. Fent & Aktaç (2008).
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a), Seidenstücker (1960), Önder & Adıgüzel (1979), Önder et al. (1983), Lindskog (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Matocq & Özgen (2010); this paper.
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1960), Péricart (1990, revised), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. Southern Europe, North Africa, Cyprus, and Asian territory from Anatolia and Israel to
Afghanistan and Central Asia (Lindskog 1995, Gogala 2003, Cuesta Segura et al. 2010), introduced to Japan
(Yamazaki & Sugiura 2004), western USA: California (Usinger 1941), Nevada, Idaho (Brothers 1979), Washington (Zack et al. 2001), Oregon (Lattin 2002), Texas (Sissom & Rey 2005), and Chile (Froeschner & Peña 1985).
55
IIb. Records in need of confirmation
Ceratocombus (Ceratocombus) coleoptratus (Zetterstedt, 1819) (Ceratocombidae)
European Turkey. Heiss & Péricart (2007, with ?).
General distribution. Eurosiberian species, distribued from Ireland and Great Britain to Mongolia and Russian
Far East, also in Bulgaria, Greece, Israel, and Syria (Reichling & Gerend 1994, Kerzhner 1995b, Lukashuk 1997,
Protić 1998, Simov & Josifov 2004, Heiss & Péricart 2007, Spuņģis 2008, Golub & Vinokurov 2009).
Comment. Reported by Heiss & Péricart (2007) as follows: ‘?TURQUIE D’EUROPE. Belgrader Wald, VII 1954,
Schubert leg.> coll. Eckerlein, MHNG (spécimen douteux [= doubtful specimen])’. The locality Belgrader Wald [=
Belgrad Forest, Belgrad Ormanı] is situated at Bahçeköy on the northern margin of İstanbul. As Heiss & Péricart
(2007) themselves expressed doubts about the specimen, occurrence of C. coleoptratus in Turkey needs further
confirmation.
Identification. Heiss & Péricart (2007).
Micronecta poweri poweri (Douglas & Scott, 1869) (Micronectidae)
= Micronecta vitticeps (Horváth, 1895)
European Turkey. Josifov (1986a), Önder et al. (2006).
Asian Turkey. Stichel (1955, as M. vitticeps), Önder et al. (1981, as M. vitticeps; 2006).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Europe including South European Territory of Russia and also in
Georgia (Jansson 1995; Protić 1998, 2001; Simov & Josifov 2004; Gogala 2009).
Comment. The specimens identified as Micronecta vitticeps by Hoberlandt (1952a) belong in fact to M. scholtzi
(P. Kment revid.), not to M. poweri. The records from European Turkey by Josifov (1986a) and Önder et al. (2006)
seem to be based on Hoberlandt (1952a), so this species could be excluded from faunal list of Turkish Thrace for
the time being. The records from Anatolia (Önder et al. 1981) require confirmation.
Cymatia coleoptrata (Fabricius, 1777) (Corixidae: Cymatiainae)
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as unrevised), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Europe, Georgia, Siberia, and Central Asia (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003,
Prokin et al. 2008).
Comment. Jansson (1986a) mapped the species from western Anatolia based on an unverified record. Jansson
(1995) did not list the species from Turkey. Önder et al. (2006) listed the species from Aydın province without reference to the source, but it was probably based on Jansson’s (1986a) map. The occurrence of C. coleoptrata in Turkey needs further confirmation, but considering its presence in neighbouring Bulgaria and Georgia, it is quite
possible.
Heliocorisa vermiculata (Puton, 1874) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Önder et al. (1981, 2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Poisson (1926, as Arctocorisa v.), Hoberlandt (1952a), Stichel (1955), Kıyak &
Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. South-western Europe (Spain, France, Sicily), Canary Islands, North Africa, Armenia,
Azerbaijan, South European Territory of Russia (Daghestan), Iraq, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Iran,
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Asian part of Kazakhstan, ?Kirgizia, ?Taiwan, and Oriental Region (Jansson 1995,
Kanyukova 2006, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
FENT ET AL.
Comment. Heliocorisa vermiculata was listed from Turkey by Poisson (1926), Hoberlandt (1952a), Stichel
(1955), and K2yak & Özsaraç (2001) without any exact record. Subsequently, Jansson (1986a, 1995) did not list
this species from Turkey. The records of Önder et al. (1981, 2006) from Bursa and Kocaeli are the only exact
records from Turkey; however, we are not sure about the correct identification. The occurrence of H. vermiculata
in Turkey needs final confirmation, but its presence in eastern Turkey is probable.
Sigara (Halicorixa) stagnalis stagnalis (Leach, 1817) (Corixa: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Topkara et al. (2010).
General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies is distributed along the coasts of western Europe (Sweden,
Poland, Germany, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Ireland, Great Britain, Portugal, Spain, Italy) and
north-western Africa (Morocco, Algeria, ?Tunisia) (Jansson 1986a, 1995; Kment 2006a). The record from the
Czech Republic (Jansson 1986a, 1995) is probably because of a mislabeling (Kment & Smékal 2002). The records
from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Macedonia (Protić 1998), without indicated suspecies, need further
confirmation. Sigara stagnalis pontica Jaczewski, 1961 is distributed along the Black Sea coast of Bulgaria, Romania, Moldavia, Ukraine, and Russia (Jansson 1995, Derjanschi 1995, Prokin et al. 2008). This is a halobiont species
(e.g., Savage 1989, Kment 2006a).
Comment. Topkara et al. (2010) reported this West Mediterranean taxon from a brackish water channel connected
with the Gediz River (near Maletepe village) in the İzmir province (western Anatolia). They accompanied their
report with line drawings of the male pala and left and right paramere. However, comparing these drawings with
the excellent ones by Jansson (1986a), the pala resembles those of S. stagnalis stagnalis by its general shape, but it
is wider basally and also the patch of setae on its dorsal margin resembles S. mayri. The shape of right paramere
much more corresponds with S. mayri, and the shape of apical processes is a bit similar to S. stagnalis pontica. The
identity of the Halicorixa species recorded by Topkara et al. (2010) thus needs final confirmation.
Sigara (Subsigara) falleni (Fieber, 1848) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
European Turkey. Jansson (1986a, in map as revised), Önder et al. (2006).
Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2006), Topkara et al. (2009)
General distribution. Distributed in most of Europe (except Iberian Peninsula), Asian part of Kazakhstan, northwestern China, Mongolia, Siberia, and Japan (Hokkaido) (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Hayashi & Miyamoto 2009).
Comment. Jansson (1986a) mapped a verified record just on the border of Greece and Turkish Thrace, but he did
not give any exact record for Turkish Thrace. Önder et al. (2006) listed the species from Edirne, but without giving
the source. The presence of S. falleni from Turkish Thrace thus needs confirmation.
Kıyak et al. (2006) and Topkara et al. (2009) published S. falleni from Anatolia. We expect that these records
most probably belong to misidentified S. daghestanica. According to Kanyukova (2006) all the records of S. falleni
from Transcaucasia belong to S. daghestanica.
Identification. Jansson (1983, 1986a), Kanyukova (2006).
Sigara (Tropocorixa) confluens (Fieber, 1851) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
= Sigara sexlineata (Reuter, 1882)
= Sigara hedenborgi Lundblad, 1928
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1901, as Corixa confluens), Oshanin (1910, as Corixa confluens), Oshanin (1912, as Arctocorisa confluens).
General distribution. Western and South Africa, Egypt, Israel (Jansson 1995).
Comment. Horváth (1901) published the species from locality ‘Akbes’ [= Akbez] in the contemporary Turkish
57
province of Hatay. The voucher specimen is not present in Horváth’s collection in the Hungarian Natural History
Museum, Budapest (D. Rédei, pers. comm.). Hoberlandt (1952a) interpreted this record as Sigara lateralis. This
record has never been confirmed. The nomenclature of the species was fixed by ICZN (1995: Opinion 1795).
Identification. Lundblad (1928, description of S. hedenborgi), Jaczewski (1949).
Hebrus (Hebrus) pusillus pusillus (Fallén, 1807) (Hebridae)
= H. pusillus f. rufescens Rey, 1893
European Turkey. Oshanin (1908), Josifov (1986a), Andersen (1995), Aukema (2009).
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b), Linnavuori (1986: 41, drawing of scutellum of specimen from Turkey:
¤skenderun), Andersen (1995), Önder et al. (2006), Kıyak et al. (2008).
General distribution. The nominotypical H. p. pusillus is widely distributed throughout Europe and across Russia
up to the Far East, and also in North Africa (Andersen 1995; Kanyukova 1997, 2006; Protić 1998; Chavanon et al.
2004, Gadalla & Saleh Ahmed 2005). Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000) recorded H. pusillus from Iran (Gilan).
According to Kanyukova (1997, 2006), the records from south-western Asia (Anatolia, Israel, Syria – Andersen
1995; Sinai – Gadalla & Saleh Ahmed 2005) need confirmation. Records from Caucasus, Central Asia, and most
records from Crimea belong to other species (Kanyukova 1997, 2006). Hebrus pusillus arabicus Linnavuori, 1971
occurs in Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, the United Arab Emirates and Sudan (Andersen 1995, Linnavuori et al.
2011).
Comment. All the Hoberlandt’s (1952a) records of H. pusillus and H. pusillus f. rufescens belong in fact to either
H. montanus or H. pilipes (see above). Populations of both H. pusillus and H. montanus from Mediterranean and
Near East require taxonomic revision.
Identification. Kanyukova (1997, 2006).
Halosalda lateralis (Fallén, 1807) (Saldidae)
= Acanthia pulchella Curtis, 1835
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1901, as Salda lateralis var. pulchella), Oshanin (1910, as Acanthia (Acanthia) l.), Oshanin (1912), Lindskog (1995, with ?).
Turkey (not distinguished). Cobben (1960), Péricart (1990, no material seen), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Önder et
al. (2006).
General distribution. Europe (mostly along the sea coasts), Tunisia, ?Anatolia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Central
Asia, northern China, Mongolia, and Siberia (Lindskog 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003). A halobiont species
(Josifov 1957, Péricart 1990).
Comment. Horváth (1901) reported Salda lateralis var. pulchella from Aydın (western Anatolia). The voucher
specimen is not present in Horváth’s collection in Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest (D. Rédei, pers.
comm.). This record has never been confirmed and Lindskog (1995) listed Asian Turkey with a question mark. The
occurrence of this species in Turkey seems probable, especially as it was recorded from Greek Thrace (Josifov
1957, Cobben 1985), Lesbos Island (Lindberg 1922b) and Bulgaria (Josifov 1957), rather near to the Turkish
boundaries. However, we cannot exclude also the occurrence of H. concolor (Puton, 1880), distributed in Spain,
France, Sardinia, Tunisia, and Cyprus (Lindskog 1995), and H. coracina Cobben, 1985 described from Porto Lagos
in Greek Thrace (Cobben 1985, Lindskog 1995).
Identification. Cobben (1960, 1985), Péricart (1990).
IIc. Rejected records
Micronecta (Micronecta) minutissima (Linnaeus, 1758) (Micronectidae)
FENT ET AL.
General distribution. Europe including the South European Territory of Russia, Asian part of Kazakhstan; its
record from Kirgizia needs confirmation (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Coulianos 2005, Coulianos et
al. 2008). The records from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Macedonia (see Protić 1998) also need confirmation (A. Jansson, pers. comm. to B. Aukema 1999).
Comment. Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001) listed the species with reference to Stichel (1955). However, Stichel (1955)
listed it only from ‘Turkestan’, which refers to the former Russian Central Asia, not to Turkey. Önder et al. (2006)
listed the species only from Turkey, without any details. We exclude the species from the list as there is apparently
no published record of M. minutissima from Turkey.
Cymatia bonsdorffii (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) (Corixidae: Cymatiainae)
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985).
General distribution. Eurosiberian species, distributed in northern, western, Central and eastern Europe, Siberia,
Russian Far East, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and northern China (Jansson 1995).
Comment. This species was mentioned from Turkey by a mistake (N. Nieser, pers. comm.).
Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2006).
General distribution. Iceland, northern Europe, Western Siberia, with isolated populations in various Europan
mountains (Jansson 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Kment et al. 2005, Aukema et al. 2007). Gheit (1995) published this species also from Morocco, but the record seems doubtful.
Comment. Jansson (1986a): ‘It is probable that all the previous records of A. carinata from Turkey actually concern A. armeniaca).’ We suppose that the record from Girdev lake (Antalya province) by Kıyak et al. (2006) is also
misidentified, probably belonging to Monticorixa armeniaca.
Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918).
General distribution. Eurosiberian species distributed in most of European countries (except southern Europe),
Asian part of Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Siberia, north of Russian Far East, north and north-western China (Jansson
1995, Ilie & Ban-Calefariu 2010).
Comment. Kiritshenko (1918) recorded C. praeusta from localities Sarykamysh [= Sarıkamış] in Kars province
and Zurzuna [= Çıldır] in Ardahan province. Kiritshenko & Jaczewski (1960) did not mention any specimen from
those two localities in the description of C. raddei. However, according to Kanyukova (2006) all Kiritshenko’s
(1918) records of C. praeusta from Armenia and Georgia belong to C. raddei. There is no reliable record of
Callicorixa praeusta from Turkey.
Hesperocorixa castanea (Thomson, 1869) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Jansson (1986, in map as revised), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Species with Atlantic distribution in northern and western Europe, western parts of Central
Europe and in Iberian Peninsula (Jansson 1986a, 1995).
59
Comment. Jansson (1986a) mapped this species from Asian Turkey, but in the text he wrote: ‘in the Brussels
Museum, one male from Turkey, Finike, is possibly a case of mislabelling.’ According to Jansson (1995): ‘The
record from Asian Turkey (Jansson 1986a) is considered a case of mislabelling.’ Önder et al. (2006) listed the species from Antalya province, which corresponds to Jansson’s (1986a) locality Finike. Considering the general distribution of the species, we exclude it from the list of Turkish fauna.
Hesperocorixa occulta (Lundblad, 1929) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, misidentification), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistam Central Asia, Himalayas (Jansson 1995).
Comment. The record by Hoberlandt (1952a) from Turkey concerns H. parallela (Jansson 1986a); all the subsequent papers refer to this record. We exclude H. occulta from the list of Turkish fauna.
Sigara (Subsigara) scotti (Douglas & Scott, 1868) (Corixidae: Corixinae)
General distribution. West European species (Sweden, Norway, Estonia, Poland, Germany, Czech Republic, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Great Britain, Ireland, Spain, Portugal) with isolated occurrence in southern Russia (Belgorod Region), Ukraine, and Morocco (Jansson 1986a, 1995; Gheit 1995; Coulianos 2005;
Kanyukova 2006; Sychra & Kment 2009).
Comment. Kıyak et al. (2006) published a record of S. scotti from Isparta province. Occurrence of this Atlantic
species in Turkey, yet completely missing in south-eastern Europe, is not probable, and the record of Kıyak et al.
(2006) certainly belongs to some other species.
Sigara (Tropocorixa) hoggarica Poisson, 1929 (Corixidae: Corixinae)
Turkey (not distinguished). Nieser & Moubayed (1985; South Turkey).
General distribution. From Canary Islands and Ethiopia to Yemen and India, also in Israel, Iraq, the United Arab
Emirates and Iran (Jansson 1995, Linnavuori & van Harten 1997, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
Comment. The species was listed from Turkey by mistake (N. Nieser, pers. comm.); however, its occurrence in
south-eastern Anatolia cannot be excluded.
Identification. Poisson (1929), Linnavuori & Hosseini (2000).
Heleocoris minusculus (Walker, 1870) (Naucoridae: Laccocorinae)
Asian Turkey. Poisson (1962, from ‘Asia Minor’).
General distribution. Afrotropical Region, Sinai, Israel, Syria, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, and the
United Arab Emirates (Polhemus 1995d, Katbeh et al. 2000, Linnavuori et al. 2011).
Comment. There is no reliable record from Turkey. Presence of this Eremian species is Anatolia seems rather
unlikely.
Identification. Poisson (1962), Linnavuori et al. (2011).
FENT ET AL.
Anisops debilis canariensis Noualhier, 1893 (Notonectidae)
General distribution. Canary Islands, Madeira, Morocco, Cape Verde Islands, Ghana (Polhemus 1995). The previous record from Greece (Corfu Island) by Lindberg (1922b) is considered a misidentification (Lansbury 1964:
108, Polhemus 1995).
Comment. Kıyak et al. (2006) published a record of A. debilis canariensis from Alanya province. Considering the
nearest distribution of this subspecies in Morocco, this is most probably a case of misidentification. The record
may refer to A. sardea or A. debilis perplexus, but in southern Turkey we cannot exclude the presence of additional
species distributed in adjacent countries: A. crinitus Brooks, 1951 (Greece: Corfu, Iraq, Iran) and A. varius Fieber,
1851 (Israel, Syria) (Polhemus 1995e).
Identification. Brooks (1951), Lansbury (1964), Nieser et al. (1994).
Velia (Plesiovelia) caprai caprai Tamanini, 1947 (Veliidae)
Asian Turkey. Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001), Kıyak et al. (2008), Salur & Mesci (2009).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Europe, reaching Norway and Sweden in the north, Ireland and Great
Britain in the west, Poland, Byelorussia, and Moldavia in the east, Portugal, Spain, Italy, Slovenia, Serbia, and
Romania in the south (Andersen 1995, Protić 1998, Gogala 2003, Derjanschi & Matocq 2005, Lukashuk & Moroz
2007, Protić & Živić 2007).
Comment. This European species is missing from southern parts of the Balkan Peninsula, being replaced by vicariant species. Occurrence of this species is Anatolia is highly improbable and the published records (Antalya, Aydın,
Burdur, Çorum, Isparta, Kırşehir, Muğla) (Kıyak & Özsaraç 2001, Kıyak et al. 2008, Salur & Mesci 2009) belong
to another species, possibly V. mariae or V. kirichenkoi, which are missing in the key by Tamanini (1955b).
Identification. Tamanini (1955b, 1979), Nieser (1972).
Aquarius najas (De Geer, 1773) (Gerridae)
Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008), Ustaoğlu et al. (2008).
General distribution. Widely distributed in Europe and north-western Africa (Andersen 1995, Rosenzweig 1995,
Carapezza 1997, Protić 1998, Damgaard 2005).
Comment. Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008) published Aquarius najas from a number of localities in Anatolia. However,
all the Anatolian records apparently belong to the vicariant A. ventralis, whose presence in Anatolia was confirmed
by DNA sequences (Damgaard et al. 2000, Damgaard 2005).
Gerris (Gerris) costae costae (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850) (Gerridae)
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a), Önder et al. (2006).
Turkey (not distinguished). Kanyukova (1982), Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001).
General distribution. The nominotypical subspecies is limited to the Alps (Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein, Slovenia, Switzerland) (Andersen 1995). Contrary to Andersen (1995), there is no reliable record of the species from
the Czech Republic (Kment & Smékal 2002).
Comment. All the Turkish records belong to Gerris costae fieberi. However, the validity of the subspecies of G.
costae was questioned by Damgaard (2006) (see Distribution paragraph of G. costae fieberi above).
61
Gerris (Gerris) gibbifer Schummel, 1832 (Gerridae)
= Gerris gibbifer var. flaviventris Puton, 1879
European Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, misidentification), Önder et al. (2006).
Asian Turkey. Horváth (1919), Poisson (1925, also as G. gibbifer f. flaviventris), Gadeau de Kerville (1939, also as
G. gibbifer f. flaviventris), Önder et al. (2006). Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008), Salur & Mesci (2009).
Turkey (not distinguished). Stichel (1955), Nieser & Moubayed (1985).
General distribution. European species, missing in Balkan Peninsula and European Russia; also recorded from
Morocco and Tunisia (Andersen 1995, Gheit 1995, Strpiƒ 1997, Protiƒ 1998, Gogala 2003, Kanyukova 2006).
Comment. Andersen (1995): ‘Previous records of Gerris gibbifer from SE Europe, N Africa, and the Middle East
probably apply to Gerris maculatus.’ The specimens from Edirne (Hoberlandt 1952a) belong to G. maculatus (P.
Kment revid.).
Identification. Seidenstücker (1957), Nieser (1972), Tamanini (1979), Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Andersen (1994).
Gerris (Gerriselloides) lateralis Schummel, 1832
Asian Turkey. Kiritshenko (1918, misidentification); Hoberlandt (1952a, misidentification).
General distribution. Many European countries (except southern part of Balkan Peninsula), Siberia, Russian Far
East, Mongolia, Asian part of Kazakhstan, Iran, and Afghanistan (Andersen 1995; Protić 1998, 2008; Rabitsch &
Zettel 2000; Kment & Smékal 2002; Kanyukova 2006). Gheit (1995) recorded this species also from Morocco, but
the record may belong to G. asper known to occur in North Africa.
Comment. This species was previously confused with G. asper (cf. Andersen 1995). The records of G. lateralis by
Kiritshenko (1918) from Transcaucasia and north-eastern Anatolia (Artvin, Kars, and Iğdır provinces) belong to G.
costae fieberi (Kanyukova 2006 and pers. comm.). The female of G. lateralis from ‘Kızılviran’ published by
Hoberlandt (1952a) is in fact G. thoracicus (N.M. Andersen revid.).
Identification. Wagner & Zimmermann (1955), Kanyukova (1982, 2006), Tamanini (1979), Schuster (1983),
Andersen (1994).
Saldula fucicola (Sahlberg, 1870)
Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2007a, 2008).
General distribution. Eurosiberian species distributed from Norway and Great Britain to north-western China,
Mongolia, and Russian Far East, reaching northern Caucasus but missing in southern Europe and Transcaucasia
(Lindskog 1995, Vinokurov 2004).
Comment. Regarding the distribution of the species, its occurrence in western, central, and southern Anatolia
(Antalya, Aydın, Denizli, İsparta, and Muğla provinces) is not probable, and the records by Kıyak et al. (2007a,
2008) are supposed to be misidentifications.
Saldula pilosella hirsuta (Reuter, 1888)
= Saldula hirsuta (Reuter, 1888)
Asian Turkey. Hoberlandt (1952a, misidentification), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Greece (Corfu) (Lindskog 1995, Protić 2009).
Comment. The specimens from Bürücek, Toros, Anatolia published by Hoberlandt (1952a) as Saldula hirsuta
belong to S. lindbergi (Lindskog 1975). Kıyak & Özsaraç (2001) and Önder et al. (2006) only listed the species
based on Hoberlandt (1952a). Péricart (1990) expressed his doubts about the validity of the subspecies.
Identification. Cobben (1959, 1960), Péricart (1990, remark).
FENT ET AL.
Salda morio Zetterstedt, 1838
Asian Turkey. Kıyak et al. (2007b, 2008).
General distribution. Northern and Central Europe, Siberia, Mongolia, north-eastern China, and Japan (Lindskog
1995, Coulianos 2005). The record from Belgium by Baugnée et al. (2001) belongs in fact to S. muelleri (see
Aukema et al. 2007).
Comment. Regarding the distribution of the species, its occurrence in Turkey is not probable and the records by
Kıyak et al. (2007a, 2008) are believed to be misidentifications.
Salda muelleri (Gmelin, 1790)
Asian Turkey. Lindberg (1922b), Drake & Hoberlandt (1952), Önder et al. (2006).
General distribution. Northern and Central Europe, Bulgaria, Asian part of Kazakhstan, East Siberia, and Russian
Far East (Lindskog 1995, Hufnagel 1998b, Simov & Josifov 2004, Aukema et al. 2007).
Comment. The earlier record from Asian Turkey refers to S. littoralis f. subcoriacea (Lindskog 1995).
TABLE 2. Check-list of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha of Turkey. ET = European Turkey, AT = Asian Turkey, records in need of further confirmation are marked with ‘?’, accepted records
but without any exact published locality known to us are marked by an asterisk ‘*’.
ENICOCEPHALOMORPHA Stichel, 1955
ENICOCEPHALIDAE Stål, 1860
Henschiella (Henschiella) pellucida Horváth, 1888
AT
DIPSOCOROMORPHA Miyamoto, 1961
DIPSOCORIDAE Dohrn, 1859
Alpagut castaneovitreus (Linnavuori, 1951)
AT
Cryptostemma remanei Josifov, 1964
AT
CERATOCOMBIDAE Fieber, 1860
Ceratocombus (Ceratocombus) coleoptratus (Zetterstedt, 1819)
?ET
NEPOMORPHA Popov, 1968
NEPIDAE Latreille, 1802
Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
ET
AT
Ranatra (Ranatra) linearis (Linnaeus, 1758)
ET
AT
ET
AT
BELOSTOMATIDAE Leach, 1815
Lethocerus patruelis (Stål, 1854)
...... continued on the next page
63
TABLE 2 (continued)
OCHTERIDAE Kirkaldy, 1906 (1815)
Ochterus (Ochterus) marginatus marginatus (Latreille, 1804)
*ET
AT
Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) pusilla (Horváth, 1895)
*ET
AT
Micronecta (Dichaetonecta) scholtzi (Fieber, 1860)
ET
MICRONECTIDAE Jaczewski, 1924
Micronecta (Micronecta) anatolica anatolica Lindberg, 1922
Micronecta (Micronecta) griseola Horváth, 1899
AT
ET
AT
Micronecta (Micronecta) poweri poweri (Douglas & Scott, 1869)
?AT
Micronecta (Micronecta) wui alkani Hoberlandt, 1952
AT
CORIXIDAE Leach, 1815
Cymatia coleoptrata (Fabricius, 1777)
Cymatia rogenhoferi (Fieber, 1864)
?AT
*ET
AT
Monticorixa armeniaca (Štys, 1975)
AT
Callicorixa raddei (Kiritshenko & Jaczewski, 1960)
AT
Corixa affinis Leach, 1817
ET
AT
Corixa dentipes Thomson, 1869
AT
Corixa jakowleffi Horváth, 1880
AT
Corixa panzeri Fieber, 1848
ET
AT
Corixa punctata (Illiger, 1807)
ET
AT
Heliocorisa vermiculata (Puton, 1874)
Hesperocorixa linnaei (Fieber, 1848)
?AT
*ET
AT
Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860)
AT
Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber, 1848)
AT
Paracorixa concinna concinna (Fieber, 1848)
ET
AT
Sigara (Halicorixa) mayri (Fieber, 1860)
*ET
AT
Sigara (Halicorixa) stagnalis stagnalis (Leach, 1817)
?AT
Sigara (Eremocorixa) iranica Lindberg, 1964
AT
Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata nigrolineata (Fieber, 1848)
ET
AT
Sigara (Retrocorixa) limitata limitata (Fieber, 1848)
ET
AT
Sigara (Sigara) albiventris (Horváth, 1911)
AT
Sigara (Sigara) assimilis (Fieber, 1848)
*ET
AT
Sigara (Sigara) striata (Linnaeus, 1758)
ET
AT
Sigara (Subsigara) daghestanica Jansson, 1983
*AT
Sigara (Subsigara) falleni (Fieber, 1848)
?ET
Sigara (Subsigara) iactans Jansson, 1983
ET
Sigara (Subsigara) kervillei (Poisson, 1927)
AT
Sigara (Subsigara) samani samani Hoberlandt, 1952
AT
FENT ET AL.
TABLE 2 (continued)
Sigara (Subsigara) samani tigranes Jansson, 1986
AT
Sigara (Tropocorixa) confluens (Fieber,1851)
?AT
Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis (Leach, 1817)
ET
AT
Sigara (Vermicorixa) scripta (Rambur, 1840)
ET
*AT
ET
AT
NAUCORIDAE Leach, 1815
Ilyocoris cimicoides cimicoides (Linnaeus, 1758)
Naucoris maculatus maculatus Fabricius, 1798
AT
APHELOCHEIRIDAE Fieber, 1851
Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794)
AT
Aphelocheirus (Aphelocheirus) kolenatii Kiritshenko, 1925
AT
NOTONECTIDAE Latreille, 1802
Anisops debilis perplexus Poisson, 1929
AT
Anisops sardeus sardeus Herrich-Schaeffer, 1849
*ET
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca glauca Linnaeus, 1758
ET
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) glauca poissoni Hungerford, 1934
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) maculata Fabricius, 1794
ET
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) meridionalis Poisson, 1926
ET
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) obliqua Thunberg, 1787
ET
AT
Notonecta (Notonecta) reuteri reuteri Hungerford, 1928
Notonecta (Notonecta) viridis Delcourt, 1909
AT
ET
AT
ET
AT
PLEIDAE Fieber, 1851
Plea minutissima minutissima Leach, 1817
GERROMORPHA Popov, 1971
MESOVELIIDAE Douglas & Scott, 1867
Mesovelia furcata Mulsant & Rey, 1852
AT
Mesovelia vittigera Horváth, 1895
AT
HEBRIDAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
Hebrus (Hebrus) montanus Kolenati, 1857
AT
Hebrus (Hebrus) pilipes Kanyukova, 1997
AT
Hebrus (Hebrus) pusillus pusillus (Fallén, 1807)
Hebrus (Hebrusella) ruficeps Thomson, 1871
?ET
?AT
AT
65
TABLE 2 (continued)
HYDROMETRIDAE Billberg, 1820
Hydrometra stagnorum (Linnaeus, 1758)
ET
AT
‘VELIIDAE’ Brullé, 1836
Microvelia (Microvelia) reticulata (Burmeister, 1835)
AT
Microvelia (Picaultia) hozari Hoberlandt, 1952
AT
Microvelia (Picaultia) pygmaea (Dufour, 1833)
ET
AT
Rhagovelia (Rhagovelia) cf. nigricans nigricans (Burmeister, 1835)
AT
Velia (Plesiovelia) affinis affinis Kolenati, 1857
AT
Velia (Plesiovelia) affinis filippii Tamanini, 1947
ET
Velia (Plesiovelia) kiritshenkoi Tamanini, 1958
AT
Velia (Plesiovelia) mancinii lyciae Tamanini, 1955
AT
Velia (Plesiovelia) mariae Tamanini, 1971
AT
Velia (Plesiovelia) rhadamantha rhadamantha Hoberlandt, 1941
ET
GERRIDAE Leach, 1815
Aquarius paludum paludum (Fabricius, 1794)
ET
AT
Aquarius ventralis (Fieber, 1860)
ET
AT
Gerris (Gerris) argentatus Schummel, 1832
ET
AT
ET
AT
Gerris (Gerris) caucasicus Kanyukova, 1982
Gerris (Gerris) costae fieberi Stichel, 1938
AT
Gerris (Gerris) kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998
AT
Gerris (Gerris) lacustris (Linnaeus, 1758)
ET
AT
Gerris (Gerris) maculatus Tamanini, 1946
ET
AT
Gerris (Gerris) thoracicus Schummel, 1832
ET
AT
Gerris (Gerriselloides) asper (Fieber, 1860)
AT
Limnoporus rufoscutellatus (Latreille, 1807)
AT
LEPTOPODOMORPHA Popov, 1971
SALDIDAE Amyot & Serville, 1843
Chartoscirta cincta cincta (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1841)
ET
AT
Chartoscirta cocksii (Curtis, 1835)
AT
Halosalda lateralis (Fallén, 1807)
?AT
Macrosaldula scotica (Curtis, 1835)
AT
Macrosaldula variabilis (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835)
ET
Saldula amplicollis (Reuter, 1891)
Saldula arenicola arenicola (Scholtz, 1847)
Saldula lindbergi Lindskog, 1975
AT
AT
ET
AT
AT
FENT ET AL.
TABLE 2 (continued)
Saldula melanoscela (Fieber, 1859)
AT
Saldula misis Seidenstücker, 1964
AT
Saldula opacula (Zetterstedt, 1838)
AT
Saldula orthochila (Fieber, 1859)
*AT
Saldula pallipes (Fabricius, 1794)
ET
Saldula palustris (Douglas, 1874)
Saldula pilosella pilosella (Thomson, 1871)
AT
AT
ET
Saldula saltatoria (Linnaeus, 1758)
AT
Saldula xanthochila (Fieber, 1859)
AT
Salda littoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)
AT
LEPTOPODIDAE Brullé, 1836
Erianotus lanosus (Dufour, 1834)
AT
Leptopus hispanus Rambur, 1840
AT
Leptopus marmoratus (Goeze, 1778)
AT
Patapius spinosus (Rossi, 1790)
ET
AT
EXCLUDED SPECIES
Micronecta (Micronecta) minutissima (Linnaeus, 1758) (Micronectidae)
Cymatia bonsdorffii (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) (Corixidae)
Arctocorisa carinata carinata (C. R. Sahlberg, 1819) (Corixidae)
Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848) (Corixidae)
Hesperocorixa castanea (Thomson, 1869) (Corixidae)
Hesperocorixa occulta (Lundblad, 1929) (Corixidae)
Sigara (Subsigara) scotti (Douglas & Scott, 1868) (Corixidae)
Sigara (Tropocorixa) hoggarica Poisson, 1929 (Corixidae)
Heleocoris minusculus (Walker, 1870) (Naucoridae)
Anisops debilis canariensis Noualhier, 1893 (Notonectidae)
Velia (Plesiovelia) caprai caprai Tamanini, 1947 (Veliidae)
Aquarius najas (De Geer, 1773) (Gerridae)
Gerris (Gerris) costae costae (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850) (Gerridae)
Gerris (Gerris) gibbifer Schummel, 1832 (Gerridae)
Gerris (Gerriselloides) lateralis Schummel, 1832 (Gerridae)
Saldula fucicola (Sahlberg, 1870) (Saldidae)
Saldula pilosella hirsuta (Reuter, 1888) (Saldidae)
Salda morio Zetterstedt, 1838 (Saldidae)
Salda muelleri (Gmelin, 1790) (Saldidae)
67
Discussion
In general, the research focused on aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera (i.e., Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha), as well
as on the terrestrial infraorders Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha of Turkey, is rather
insufficient, compared to either the terrestrial Heteroptera (Cimicomorpha and Pentatomomorpha) (e.g., Hoberlandt 1956; Aysev 1974; Lodos & Önder 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1983; Önder 1980, 1982; Pehlivan 1981; Önder
& Lodos 1983; Lodos et al. 1978, 1998, 1999, 2003) or for instance aquatic beetles (e.g., Hájek et al. 2001; Mart &
Erman 2001; İncekara et al. 2003, 2009; Dar2lmaz & K2yak 2009; Fery 2009; Fery & Örman 2009; Hájek &
Fikáček 2010; Dar2lmaz & İncekara 2011).
Here we present a list of altogether 100 species of Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, and Leptopodomorpha, which occur in Turkey: Enicocephalomorpha—1 species (Asian Turkey only),
Dipsocoromorpha—2 species (Asian Turkey only), Nepomorpha—49 species (29 in European and 47 in Asian
Turkey), Gerromorpha—27 species (10 in European and 25 in Asian Turkey), and Leptopodomorha—21 species (6
in European and 20 in Asian Turkey). 40 species occur both in European and Asian Turkey, while 5 are recorded
only from European Turkey and 55 only from Asian Turkey.
Eight species and subspecies, Micronecta scholtzi (Fieber, 1860), Hesperocorixa sahlbergi (Fieber, 1848), Sigara iranica Lindberg, 1964, Hebrus ruficeps Thomson, 1871, Velia affinis filippii Tamanini, 1947, Velia rhadamantha rhadamantha Hoberlandt, 1941, Gerris kabaishanus Linnavuori, 1998, and Saldula pilosella pilosella
(Thomson, 1871), are reported from Turkey for the first time. Four species, Sigara scripta (Rambur, 1840), Corixa
punctata (Illiger, 1807), C. panzeri (Fieber, 1848), and Gerris argentatus Schummel, 1832, are new records for
Turkish Thrace. First exact localities of several other species are provided as well. Occurrences of 10 species, previously recorded from Turkey, need further confirmation. In the case of R. nigricans, we accept the record, but the
re-examination of the voucher specimens is necessary. Finally, 19 species-group taxa are excluded from Turkish
fauna as they are based on proven or suspected misidentifications or taxonomic confusion: Micronecta minutissima, Cymatia bonsdorffii, Arctocorisa carinata carinata, Callicorixa praeusta praeusta, Hesperocorixa castanea,
Hesperocorixa occulta, Sigara scotti, Heleocoris minusculus, Anisops debilis canariensis, Velia caprai caprai,
Aquarius najas, Gerris costae costae, G. gibbifer, G. lateralis, Saldula fucicola, S. pilosella hirsuta, Salda morio,
and S. muelleri.
The number of species listed, however, is not the final account of aquatic and semiaquatic bugs living in Turkey. Considering the diverse natural conditions of Turkey and the fauna of adjacent regions, the south-eastern Balkan Peninsula, Transcaucasia, western Iran, northern Iraq, and Syria, about twenty additional species may be
expected in Turkey. These additional species are most probably expected in the areas known to function as geographical entrance points for different faunal elements: European elements entering Turkey through Thrace; Caucasian fauna composed of Siberian and cold steppe elements entering northeasterly through Kafka-Erzurum
plateau; and boreal Caucasian elements entering along the eastern Black Sea coastal region. Similarly, Eremial elements used Iğdır-Aralık triangle in the east and Hakkari-Van plateau in the south, desert elements used Syria border
and African elements mainly used the Hatay-Amanos line (Demirsoy 1996). In Turkish Thrace we may expect e.g.,
M. (Micronecta) carpatica Wróblewski, 1958, Velia (Plesiovelia) mancinii mancinii Tamanini, 1947 or V. (P.) pelagonensis Hoberlandt, 1941, known from the adjacent regions of Bulgaria and Greece (Tamanini 1959, Jansson
1986a, Simov & Josifov 2004, Kment 2006b, Andersen 1995). Several new halobiont species could be expected in
salt-marsh habitats all along the Turkish coast: Sigara (Halicorixa) stagnalis pontica Jaczewski, 1961 endemic to
the coastal habitats of the Black Sea (Jansson 1986a); Sigara (Halicorixa) selecta (Fieber, 1848) known from
coasts of Greece and Cyprus (Jansson 1986a); Halosalda coracina Cobben, 1985, described from Greek Thrace
(Cobben 1985); and H. concolor (Puton, 1880) known from Cyprus (Cobben 1985).
In north-eastern Anatolia we may expect several additional species of Eurosiberian or European origin
(Micronecta poweri, Cymatia coleoptrata, Mesovelia thermalis Horváth, 1915, Hydrometra gracilenta Horváth,
1899, Chartoscirta elegantula (Fallén, 1807), Teloleuca brancziki (Reuter, 1891), Saldula c-album (Fieber, 1859),
S. nitidula (Puton, 1880)), species of ca. Central Asiatic distribution (Ranatra (Ranatra) unicolor Scott, 1874,
Micronecta (Micronecta) mesmini Poisson, 1939), or endemic to Caucasus and Transcaucasia (Gerris (Gerriselloides) kiritshenkoi Kanyukova, 1979, Macrosaldula clavalis Cobben, 1985) (Kanyukova 1979, 2006; Cobben
1985; Linnavuori 1998; Vinokurov 2004, 2007, 2009a; Prokin et al. 2008, 2009). The least predictible and probably most surprising records could be expected in south-eastern Anatolia along the boundaries of Iran, Iraq, and
Syria, especially in the Euphrates and Tigris river basins; we should mention, e.g., Heliocorisa vermiculata, Sigara
FENT ET AL.
hoggarica, some species of the genus Anisops Spinola, 1837, and Macrosaldula inornata Cobben, 1985 described
from northern Iraq (Jaczewski 1964, Cobben 1985, Linnavuori 1994, Jansson 1995, Polhemus 1995e).
In the future, we cannot exclude the arrival of alien Nearctic halobiont water boatman, Trichocorixa verticalis
verticalis (Fieber, 1851), currently spreading in the coastal brackish waters of West Mediterranean (Spain, Portugal, Morocco) (e.g., Günther 2004, Sala & Boix 2005, Kment 2006a, Rodríguez-Pérez et al. 2009, L’Mohdi et al.
2010).
Our knowledge of the enigmatic basal heteropteran infraorders Enicocephalomorpha and Dipsocoromorpha is
globally insufficient, and the majority of the species still awaits description. The family Enicocephalidae includes
generalized predators, living essentially in interstitial spaces or crevices in soil or, if humidity is high enough, in litter, decaying wood, and other kinds of epigeic microbiotopes. All species or morphs capable of flight are attracted
to light, forming unisexual or bisexual mating swarms; many enicocephalid species have flightless females and
many have apterous, pterygodimorphic or pterygopolymorphic females or both sexes. Nobody knows how the species living in arid areas penetrate deep in the soil and what exactly is their microhabitat (Štys 1990). The Palaearctic enicocephalid fauna is not very rich, but some additional species certainly await discovery (Štys 1970b, 1990,
2002; Kerzhner 1995a).
The Dipsocoromorpha includes predaceous, small-sized to miniature species living in various kinds of epigeic,
semi-edaphic, and edaphic habitats providing an abundance of narrow interstitial spaces (Štys 1990, Golub &
Vinokurov 2009). Ceratocombidae are interstitial, in humid litter or in decaying wood. In the Dipsocoridae, Cryptostemma and Alpagut live subamphibiously in interstitial spaces in gravel banks along clean streams, turning to
plastron respiration when flooded; and Pachycoleus dwell in wet mosses in swamps and along stagnant water bodies (Štys 1990; Streito & Péricart 2005; Heiss & Péricart 2007; Golub & Vinokurov 2009).
Currently, only a single species of Enicocephalidae and two species of Dipsocoridae are known from Turkey,
but these numbers are certainly incomplete. We may expect e.g., Cryptostemma alienum Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835,
known also from Northern Caucasus and Greece (Kerzhner 1995b, Streito & Péricart 2005), and some of the Enicocephalidae species described from Iraq and Iran (Ugloderes uvarovi (Štys 1970), Utukhengal utukhengal (Linnavuori, 1984), Kulichoderes iranicus (Štys, 1970)) may be found in south-eastern Anatolia (Štys 1970b, 2002b;
Linnavuori 1984; Kerzhner 1995a). Even the discovery of new undescribed species of Enicocephalomorpha and
Dipsocoromorpha from the Mediterranean and the Near East, including Turkey, is probable (cf. Štys 1990, 2008),
which was recently documented by description of Pachycoleus dogueti Péricart & Matocq, 2004 from Algeria
(Péricart & Matocq 2004).
Concerning the distribution, three species—Sigara kervillei (Poisson, 1927), Microvelia hozari Hoberlandt,
1952, and Velia mariae Tamanini, 1971—seem to be endemic to Anatolia. Twenty-two species occur only in Turkey and the adjacent regions (Balkan Peninsula, Near East, Iran and Transcaucasia), namely Alpagut castaneovitreus, Cryptostemma remanei, Micronecta wui alkani, Monticorixa armeniaca, Callicorixa raddei, Sigara mayri, S.
iranica, S. albiventris, S. daghestanica, S. samani samani, S. samani tigranes, Aphelocheirus kolenatii, Notonecta
glauca poissoni, Velia affinis filippii, V. kiritshenkoi, V. mancinii lyciae, V. rhadamantha rhadamantha, Aquarius
ventralis, G. caucasicus, G. kabaishanus, Saldula lindbergi, and S. misis. 75 remaining species are of wide distribution. The insufficient knowledge of the Turkish fauna of the catalogued infraorders is striking, as e.g., neither of the
three endemic species is known from more then five localities! In this situation, new and surprising records of
aquatic and other insects are awaited in Turkey, which could be documented for example by the present first record
of Gerris kabaishanus in Kilis province as well as the recent discovery and description of a new large hydrophilid
beetle Brownephilus major (İncekara, Mart, Polat & Karaca, 2009) in the Trabzon province at the Black Sea coast
of Anatolia (İncekara et al. 2009, Dar2lmaz et al. 2010). Although all the species could be more or less attributed to
particular zoogeographical elements (Eurosiberian, Mediterranean, Caucasian, Irano-Turanian, etc.), an insufficient knowledge of the distribution of particular species did not allow us to trace their distributional limits within
Turkey. This is a most unfortunate situation, as Turkey forms a natural bridge between both west (Balkan Peninsula, Mediterranean)—east (Iran, Central Asia), and north (Eurosiberian fauna, Caucasus)—south (Eremian fauna,
Near East) directions, a geographical position causing its high biodiversity (Kosswig 1955, Çıplak 2003).
At this point we hope that our catalogue will encourage further research on aquatic, semi-aquatic and other
basal Heteroptera in Turkey and will help in tracing all the necessary literature to assure correct identification of the
examined species. Such data will create a solid base for later zoogegraphic and other research of the Turkish fauna,
as we can recently see in other insect groups (e.g., Çıplak 2003, 2004; Sevgili et al. 2006; Hájek & Fikáček 2010).
69
Acknowledgements
We are indebted to Jakob Damgaard (Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Botanical Garden and Museum, the
Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark), Elena V. Kanyukova (Institute of Biology and Soil
Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia), Nico Nieser (Tiel, the Netherlands), Pavel Štys
(Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic), Nikolai N. Vinokurov (Institute of Biological Problems of Cryolithozone, SO RAN, Yakutsk, Russia) for identification of some specimens and/or comments on the manuscript.
Zdeněk Jindra (Czech University of Life Sciences, Praha, Czech Republic) and Zdeněk Malinka (Opava) kindly
provided us specimens from their private collection to our study. We are also obliged to Marius Berchi (West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania), Ahmet Dursun (Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey), Cecilia Şerban
(Muzeul de Ştiinţele Naturii Galaţi, Galaţi, Romania), and Esat Topkara (Ege University, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey)
for information from their manuscripts in press, as well as Dávid Rédéi (Hungarian Natural History Museum,
Budapest, Hungary) for information on some of Horváth’s specimens. Finally, Carl W. Schaefer (University of
Connecticut, Storrs, USA) and Berend Aukema (Zoölogisch Museum, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) made the last
critical reading of the manuscript and linguistic corrections. This study was partly supported by the grant from the
Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (MK00002327201) to the National Museum (Praha).
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