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RAKAMLAR NE DİYOR? What the Figures Say 2011
TÜİK RAKAMLAR NE DİYOR? What the Figures Say 2011 TÜİK RAKAMLAR NE DİYOR? What the Figures Say 2011 TÜRKİYE İSTATİSTİK KURUMU Turkish Statistical Institute TÜİK RAKAMLAR NE DİYOR? WhattheFiguresSay 2011 TÜRKİYE İSTATİSTİK KURUMU TurkishStatisticalInstitute RAKAMLAR NE DİYOR? 2011 İstatistiki veri ve bilgi istekleri için For statistical data and information requests Bilgi Dağıtım Grubu Data Dissemination Group Tel: + (312) 410 02 15 - 410 02 44 Fax: + (312) 417 04 32 Yayın istekleri için For publication order Döner Sermaye İşletmesi Revolving Fund Management Tel: + (312) 425 34 23 - 410 05 96 - 410 02 85 Fax: + (312) 417 58 86 Yayın içeriğine yönelik sorularınız için For questions about contents of the publication Yayın Tasarım Takımı Publication Design Team Tel: + (312) 410 02 09 - 410 02 34 Fax: + (312) 417 04 32 İnternet http://www.tuik.gov.tr E-posta [email protected] What the Figures Say Internet http://www.turkstat.gov.tr E-mail [email protected] Yayın No Publication Number 3630 Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Turkish Statistical Institute Yücetepe Mah. Necatibey Cad. No: 114 06100 Çankaya-ANKARA / TÜRKİYE Bu yayının 5846 Sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanununa göre her hakkı Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Başkanlığına aittir. Gerçek veya tüzel kişiler tarafından izinsiz çoğaltılamaz ve dağıtılamaz. Turkish Statistical Institute reserves all the rights of this publication. Unauthorised duplication or distribution of this publication is prohibited under Law No: 5846. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Matbaası, Ankara Turkish Statistical Institute, Printing Division, Ankara Tel: 0312 410 01 64 * Fax: 0312 418 50 82 Eylül 2011 September 2011 MTB: 2011-7-10 Adet-Copies ISBN 978-975-19-5210-3 !çindekiler Contents Çevre Nüfus ve Göç Hayati !statistikler Sa"l!k E"itim ve Kültür Turizm Adalet !#gücü Tar!m K!sa Dönemli !# !statistikleri Enerji Ula#t!rma ve Haberle#me D!# Ticaret Fiyat ve Endeksler Ulusal Hesaplar Gelir ve Ya#am Ko#ullar! Tüketim Harcamalar! ve Mutlak Yoksulluk !#gücü Maliyeti Bilim, Teknoloji ve Bilgi Toplumu Ya#am Memnuniyeti Tüketici Güven Endeksi 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 Environment Population and Migration Vital Statistics Health Education and Culture Tourism Justice Labour Force Agriculture Short Term Business Statistics Energy Transportation and Communication Foreign Trade Price and Indexes National Accounts Income and Living Conditions Consumption Expenditures and Absolute Poverty Labour Cost Science, Technology and Information Society Life Satisfaction Consumer Tendencies Çevre CO2 emisyonlar!nda art!# 2009 ylnda toplam seragaz emisyonu, CO2 e!de"eri olarak 369.6 milyon ton olarak tahmin edilmi!tir. 2009 yl emisyonlarnda CO2 e!de"eri olarak en büyük pay %75 ile enerji kaynakl emisyonlar alrken, ikinci sray %9 ile atk ve endüstriyel i!lemler almaktadr. Tarmsal faaliyetler ise %7 paya sahiptir. Kamu sektörü çevresel harcamalar! Kamu sektörü 2009 yl toplam çevresel harcamalar, 6.48 milyar TL cari ve 3.23 milyar TL yatrm harcamas olmak üzere 9.71 milyar TL olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Kamu sektörü çevresel yatrm harcamalarnn GSYH içindeki pay 2009 ylnda ‰3.4’tür. Su ve at!ksu istatistikleri Belediye su ve atksu istatistikleri 2008 yl sonuçlarna göre; içmesuyu !ebekesi ile hizmet edilen belediye nüfusunun Türkiye nüfusu içindeki pay %82, kanalizasyon !ebekesi ile hizmet verilen belediye nüfusunun Türkiye nüfusu içindeki pay %73’dür. #çmesuyu artma tesisleri ve atksu artma tesisleri ile hizmet edilen belediye nüfusunun Türkiye nüfusu içindeki oran ise srasyla %41 ve %46 olarak hesaplanm!tr. Belediyelerde içmesuyu !ebekesi için çekilen ki!i ba! günlük su miktar 215 litre/ki!i-gün olurken kanalizasyon !ebekesinden bo!altlan atksu miktar 173 litre/ki!i-gün olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. At!k istatistikleri 2008 ylnda belediye atklarnn %46’s bertaraf ve geri kazanm tesislerine götürülmü!tür. Toplanan atklarn %54’ü vah!i depolama yöntemleri ile bertaraf edilmi!tir. Türkiye nüfusunun %39’una atk bertaraf ve geri kazanm hizmeti verilmi!tir. Ki!i ba! ortalama belediye atk miktar ise 1.15 kg/gün’dür. 2 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Environment Increase in the CO2 emissions The overall greenhouse gas emissions as CO2 equivalent is estimated as 369.6 million tonnes in 2009. In overall 2009 emissions as CO2 equivalent, the energy sector has the largest portion with 75% and the waste and industrial processes have the second portion with 9%. The share of agricultural activities is 7%. Environmental expenditure of public sector Of the 9.71 billion TL of total environmental expenditure of public sector, 6.48 billion TL was current expenditure and 3.23 billion TL was investment expenditure in 2009. The share of total environmental investment expenditure of public sector in GDP was 3.4‰ in 2009. Water and wastewater statistics According to the results of municipal water and wastewater statistics in 2008, population served by drinking water networks has a share of 82% and population served by sewerage systems has a share of 73% in Turkey population. Rate of population served by drinking water treatment plants and rate of population served by wastewater treatment plants in Turkey population was 41% and 46% respectively. In municipalities, amount of water abstracted for drinking water network was 215 liters/capita-day and amount of wastewater discharged by sewerage network was 173 liters/capita-day. Waste statistics In 2008, 46% of municipal waste was brought to waste disposal and recovery plants, 54% of collected waste was disposed of by wild dumping methods. Waste disposal and recovery services were provided to 39% of Turkey population. Average amount of municipal waste per capita is 1.15 kg/day. Giri#imlerin çevresel harcamalar!, 2009 Environmental expenditure of enterprises, 2009 (TL) Giri#imlerin toplam çevresel harcamalar! - Total environmental expenditure of enterprises 1 498 427 806 D!# ortam havas!n! ve iklimi koruma - Protection of ambient air and climate 192 176 891 At!ksu yönetimi - Wastewater management 392 587 709 At!k yönetimi - Waste management 763 799 552 Toprak ve yeralt! suyunu koruma - Protection of soil and groundwater 20 360 414 Gürültü ve vibrasyonun azalt!lmas! - Noise and vibration abatement 10 117 473 Radyasyona kar#! koruma - Protection against radiation 6 648 965 Biyolojik çe#itlili"in ve peyzaj!n korunmas! - Protection of biodiversity and landscape 38 381 755 Ara#t!rma ve geli#tirme - Research and development 11 675 205 Enerji - Energy 2 108 632 Harcamalar! bölünemeyen faaliyetler - Activities leading to indivisible expenditure 60 571 210 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 3 Nüfus ve Göç 31 Aral!k 2010 tarihi itibariyle Türkiye nüfusu 73 722 988 ki#i Adrese Dayal Nüfus Kayt Sistemi (ADNKS) 2010 sonuçlarna göre; nüfusumuzun 37 043 182’sini erkek, 36 679 806’sn ise kadnlar olu!turmaktadr. Türkiye’de kilometrekareye 96 ki!i dü!mektedir. #stanbul 2 551 ki!i ile nüfus yo"unlu"unun en fazla oldu"u ilimizdir. Nüfus yo"unlu"unun en az oldu"u ilimiz ise 10 ki!i ile Tunceli’dir. Nüfusumuzun %76.3’ü il ve ilçe merkezlerinde ya#amakta #l ve ilçe merkezlerinde ikamet eden nüfus 56 222 356, belde ve köylerde ikamet eden nüfus ise 17 500 632 ki!idir. En fazla nüfusa sahip olan #stanbul ilinde 13 255 685 ki!i ikamet etmektedir. En az nüfusa sahip olan Bayburt ilinde ikamet eden ki!i says 74 412’dir. Türkiye nüfusunun yar!s! 29.2 ya#!ndan küçük Ülkemizde ortanca ya! 29.2’dir. Ortanca ya! erkeklerde 28.7 iken, kadnlarda 29.8’dir. #l ve ilçe merkezlerinde ikamet edenlerin ortanca ya! 29.1, belde ve köylerde ise 29.8’dir. Nüfusumuzun %67’si 15 ile 64 ya# aras!nda 15-64 ya! grubunda bulunan çal!ma ça"ndaki nüfus, toplam nüfusun %67’sini olu!turmaktadr. Ülkemiz nüfusunun %26’s 0-14 ya! grubunda, %7’si ise 65 ve daha yukar ya! grubundadr. Toplam ya! ba"mllk oran %48.9, genç ba"mllk oran %38.1 ve ya!l ba"mllk oran %10.8’dir. 2009-2010 döneminde 2 360 079 ki#i göç etti Bu dönemde net göç hzna göre en fazla göç alan ilimiz Tekirda" (‰15), en fazla göç veren ilimiz Çankr (‰-35.2)’dr. 4 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Population and Migration The population of Turkey is 73 722 988 on December 31, 2010 According to the Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) 2010 results; the male population is 37 043 182 and the female population is 36 679 806. The number of persons per square kilometer in Turkey is 96. #stanbul has the highest population density with 2 551 persons. On the other hand, Tunceli has the smallest population density with 10 persons. 76.3% of the population lives in province and district centers Population living in the province and district centers is 56 222 356 and population living in the town and villages is 17 500 632. The number of population living in #stanbul which is the highest populated province is 13 255 685. The number of population living in Bayburt which is the lowest populated province is 74 412. The half of population is below age 29.2 in Turkey The median age of the population in Turkey is 29.2. While the median age is 28.7 for males, it is 29.8 for females. The median age for population living in province and district centers is 29.1 that of the town and villages is 29.8. Proportion of the population at ages between 15 and 64 is 67% Persons at 15-64 age group which are the working ages constitute 67% of the total population. Proportion of population of Turkey for age group 0-14 is 26% and it is 7% for age group 65 and over. While total age dependency ratio is 48.9%, youth dependency and elderly dependency ratios are 38.1% and 10.8%, respectively. In 2009-2010 period, 2 360 079 persons have migrated According to the net migration rate, province with the highest inmigration is Tekirda" (15‰), respectively and province that have the highest out-migration is Çankr (-35.2‰), respectively. Adrese Dayal! Nüfus Kay!t Sistemi - Address Based Population Registration System 2009 2010 Nüfus - Population Toplam - Total 72 561 312 73 722 988 Erkek - Males 36 462 470 37 043 182 Kad!n - Females 36 098 842 36 679 806 !l ve ilçe merkezleri - Province and district centers 54 807 219 56 222 356 Belde ve köyler - Town and villages 17 754 093 17 500 632 !l ve ilçe merkezleri nüfus oran! - Proportion of province and district centers population (%) 75.5 76.3 24.5 23.7 Toplam - Total 28.8 29.2 Erkek - Males 28.2 28.7 Kad!n - Females 29.3 29.8 !l ve ilçe merkezleri - Province and district centers 28.7 29.1 Belde ve köyler - Town and villages 29.1 29.8 Belde ve köyler nüfus oran! Proportion of town and villages population (%) Ortanca ya# - Median age Ya# ba"!ml!l!k oran! - Age dependency ratio (%) Toplam ya# ba"!ml!l!k oran! Total age dependency ratio 49.2 48.9 Genç ba"!ml!l!k oran! - Youth dependency ratio 38.8 38.1 Ya#l! ba"!ml!l!k oran! - Elderly dependency ratio 10.5 10.8 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 5 Hayati !statistikler Do"um istatistikleri 2009 ylnda 1 241 617 do"um olay gerçekle!mi!tir. Do"umlarn %51’i erkek, %49’u kzdr. Kaba do"um hz ‰17.3, toplam do"urganlk hz ise 2.06 çocuktur. Evlenme istatistikleri 2010 ylnda 582 715 çift evlenmi!tir. Kaba evlenme hz ‰7.98’dir. Ortalama ilk evlenme ya! erkekler için 26.5, kadnlar için 23.2’dir. Bo#anma istatistikleri 2010 ylnda 118 568 çift bo!anm!tr. Kaba bo!anma hz ‰1.62’dir. Bo!anmalarn %39.9’u evlili"in ilk 5 yl içinde, %24’ü ise 16 yl ve daha fazla süre evli olan çiftlerde gerçekle!mi!tir. Ölüm istatistikleri 2009 ylnda 367 971 ölüm olay gerçekle!mi!tir. Ölenlerin %55’i erkek, %45’i kadndr. Di"er yandan, 2009 ylnda 17 354 bebek ölümü gerçekle!mi!tir. Ölen bebeklerin %54’ü erkek, %46’s kzdr. !ntihar istatistikleri 2010 ylnda 2 933 intihar olay gerçekle!mi!tir. Kaba intihar hz ‰oo4.02’dir. 6 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Vital Statistics Birth statistics The number of births is 1 241 617 in 2009. 51% of births are males and 49% of births are females. While crude birth rate is 17.3‰, the total fertility rate is 2.06 children. Marriage statistics 582 715 couples get married in 2010. Crude marriage rate is 7.98‰. Mean age at rst marriage is 26.5 for males, 23.2 for females. Divorce statistics 118 568 couples get divorced in 2010. Crude divorce rate is 1.62‰. 39.9% of divorces occur in the rst ve years of marriage and 24% of divorces occur in the couples who have been married for 16 years and over. Death statistics The number of deaths is 367 971 in 2009. 55% of deaths are males and 45% of deaths are females. On the other hand, the number of infant deaths is 17 354 in 2009. 54% of infant deaths are males and 46% of infant deaths are females. Suicide statistics The number of suicides is 2 933 in 2010. Crude suicide rate is 4.02‰oo. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 7 Sa"l!k Sa"l!k kurumlar! 2009 yl verilerine göre; Türkiye’de 834’ü Sa"lk Bakanl", 59’u üniversite, 450’si özel, 46’s di"er(1) olmak üzere 1 389 hastane bulunmaktadr. Kadrolu yatak says Sa"lk Bakanl" hastanelerinde 122 354, üniversite hastanelerinde 30 112, özel hastanelerde 25 178, di"er(1) hastanelerde 17 905 olmak üzere toplam 195 549’dur. 2010 yl verilerine göre ise; Türkiye’de 843’ü Sa"lk Bakanl", 62’si üniversite, 489’u özel, 45’i di"er(1) olmak üzere 1 439 hastane bulunmaktadr. Kadrolu yatak says Sa"lk Bakanl" hastanelerinde 119 891, üniversite hastanelerinde 35 001, özel hastanelerde 28 063, di"er(1) hastanelerde 16 995 olmak üzere toplam 199 950’dir. (1) Di"er; di"er kamu kurulu!lar ve yerel idarelere ait hastaneleri kapsamaktadr. Sa"l!k personeli 2009 ylnda 118 641 olan hekim saysnn 60 655’i uzman hekim, 35 911’i pratisyen hekim, 20 075’i asistan hekimdir. Di! hekimi says ise 20 589’dur. Sa"lk memuru says 92 061, hem!ire says 105 176’dr. 2010 ylnda 123 447 olan hekim saysnn 63 563’ü uzman hekim, 38 818’i pratisyen hekim, 21 066’s asistan hekimdir. Di! hekimi says ise 21 432’dir. Sa"lk memuru says 94 443, hem!ire says 114 772’dir. Türkiye Sa"l!k Ara#t!rmas!, 2008 Erkeklerin %5.7’si, kadnlarn %10.4’ü gözlük ya da kontakt lens kullansn ya da kullanmasn gazete yazsn okurken, 4 metre uzaktan bir ki!inin yüzünü görmeye çal!rken veya tand" bir ki!iyi 20 metre uzaktan seçmeye çal!rken çok zorland"n veya hiç göremedi"ini beyan etmi!tir. Bu oran kentte erkekler için %4.3, kadnlar için %8.6 iken krda erkekler için %9.2, kadnlar için %14.3’tür. 8 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Health Health institutions According to 2009 data, there are 834 Ministry of Health, 59 university, 450 private, 46 other(1) hospitals, in total 1 389 hospitals in Turkey. The number of legally maximum acceptable beds in total is 195 549, 122 354 of them are in Ministry of Health, 30 112 of them are in university, 25 178 of them are in private, 17 905 of them are in other(1) hospitals. According to 2010 data, there are 843 Ministry of Health, 62 university, 489 private, 45 other(1) hospitals, in total 1 439 hospitals in Turkey. The number of legally maximum acceptable beds in total is 199 950, 119 891 of them are in Ministry of Health, 35 001 of them are in university, 28 063 of them are in private, 16 995 of them are in other(1) hospitals. (1) Other refers to the hospitals owned by other public establishments and local administrations. Health personnel In 2009, total number of physicians is 118 641, which are 60 655 specialists, 35 911 practitioners and 20 075 medical residents. The number of dentists is 20 589. Sanitary personnel number is 92 061. The number of nurses is 105 176. In 2010, total number of physicians is 123 447, which are 63 563 specialists, 38 818 practitioners and 21 066 medical residents. The number of dentists is 21 432. Sanitary personnel number is 94 443. The number of nurses is 114 772. Turkish Health Survey, 2008 5.7% of the men and 10.4% of the women declared their status as “a lot of difculty” or “cannot see” when reading newspaper, trying to see the face of someone 4 meters away or trying to recognize the face of someone that he/she know 20 meters away that wear glasses or contact lenses or not wear. This percentage is 4.3% for men and 8.6% for women in urban and 9.2% for men and 14.3% for women in rural areas. Gözlük veya kontakt lens kullananlar!n cinsiyete göre da"!l!m!, 2008 Percentage of individuals wearing glasses or contact lenses by sex, 2008 [15 $ ya# - age] (%) Toplam Kullan!m #ekli - Type of using Total Sürekli kullanan - Wearing consistently 14.8 Sadece okurken kullanan - Wearing only for reading 10.3 TV/Bilgisayar ba#!nda kullanan Wearing for watching TV or using PC 1.8 Kullanmayan - Not wearing 73.1 Hiç göremeyen - Blind or cannot see 0.1 Erkek Males 14.2 10.6 Kad!n Females 15.4 10.0 1.3 73.8 0.2 2.2 72.3 0.1 Ölüm nedenlerinin cinsiyete göre da"!l!m!, 2009 Distribution of causes of death by gender, 2009 Toplam Total 100.0 Toplam - Total Dola#!m sistemi hastal!klar! Diseases of the circulatory system 39.9 Habis urlar - Malignant neoplasms 20.7 Solunum sistemi hastal!klar! Diseases of the respiratory system 8.9 Endokrin (iç salg! bezi), beslenme ve metabolizmayla ilgili hastal!klar Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases 6.4 D!#sal yaralanma nedenleri ve zehirlenmeler External causes of injury and poisoning 4.0 Di"er - Other 20.2 (%) Erkek Males 100.0 Kad!n Females 100.0 36.2 24.4 44.4 16.0 10.1 7.4 4.8 8.3 4.9 19.6 2.8 21.0 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 9 E"itim ve Kültür E"itim sistemi 2010/’11 e"itim-ö"retim ylnda toplam ö"renci says 20.1 milyondur. Bunlardan 1.1 milyonu okul öncesine, 11 milyonu ilkö"retime, 2.7 milyonu genel liseye, 2.1 milyonu mesleki ve teknik liseye, 3.6 milyonu da yüksekö"retime devam etmektedir. Kz ö"rencilerin ilkö"retimdeki oran %48.8, ortaö"retimdeki oran da %45.5’dir. #lkö"retim, ortaö"retim ve yüksekö"retimde brüt okulla!ma oranlar 2010/’11 e"itim ve ö"retim yl için srasyla %107.58, %93.34, %58.45; net okulla!ma oranlar ise ilkö"retimde %94.41, ortaö"retimde %69.33 ve yüksekö"retimde %33.06 olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. #lkö"retim, ortaö"retim ve yüksekö"retimde cinsiyet oranlar 2010/’11 e"itim ve ö"retim yl için srasyla %100.42, %88.14 ve %86.24’tür. Yaygn e"itim veren kurum says 2008/’09 ö"retim ylnda 21 603’tür. Bunlarn içinde en büyük art! %142 ile özel e"itimde olmu!tur. Bunu %13 ile Kur’an kurslar ve %8.3 ile Olgunla!ma Enstitüleri ve Yeti!kinler Teknik E"itim Merkezleri izlemi!tir. 2008/’09 ö"retim ylnda bu kurslara 7.1 milyon kursiyer katlm!tr. Kültür 2009 ylnda ülkemizde 1 149 halk kütüphanesi mevcuttur. Halk kütüphanelerindeki kitap says 14 093 896 adet olup, kütüphanelerden yararlananlarn says ise 19 929 836’dr. 2009 ylnda ülkemizde 1 647 sinema salonu mevcuttur. Sinema salonlarnda gösterilen lmlerin seyirci says ise 31 334 447’dir. 2010 ylnda 6 459 gazete ve dergi yaymlanm!tr. Gazete ve dergilerin toplam tiraj 2 571 694 304 olup, bunun %94.6’sn gazeteler olu!turmaktadr. 10 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Education and Culture Education system Total number of students is 20.1 million in 2010/’11 educational year. Out of this number 1.1 million students are in pre-school, 11 million are in primary education, 2.7 million in general high schools, 2.1 million in vocational and technical high school and 3.6 million students in tertiary education. Rate of the female students is 48.8% in primary education while it is 45.5% in secondary education. Gross schooling ratios for primary, secondary and higher education are respectively 107.58%, 93.34% and 58.45% in the educational year 2010/’11 and net schooling ratios for primary education is 94.41%, secondary education is 69.33% and higher education is 33.06%. Sex ratios for primary, secondary and higher education are respectively 100.42%, 88.14% and 86.24% in the educational year 2010/’11. Number of adult education institutions in 2008/’09 school year is 21 603. Among them highest increase was 142% in Special Education, following this increase it was 13% in Koran Courses, and 8.3% in Maturation Institutions and Adults Technical Education Center. Number of participants in all courses was 7.1 million in 2008/’09 school year. Culture There were 1 149 public libraries in Turkey in 2009. The number of books in public libraries was 14 093 896 and the number of public library visitors were 19 929 836. In 2009, there were 1 647 movie theaters and the number of the audience were 31 334 447. In 2010, the number of newspapers and magazines published were 6 459. Total circulation of newspapers and magazines were 2 571 694 304, its 94.6% percent was newspaper. Ortaö"retim son s!n!fta okuyan ö"rencilerin ÖSS sonucuna göre fakülte ve yüksekokula yerle#me oran! According to Student Selection Examination, the percentage of students entering faculty and vocational training school from last grade in the secondary education 2009 2010 ÖSS’ye giren ö"renci say!s! 540 635 652 955 Number of student getting selection examination Fakülte ve yüksekokula yerle#en 365 849 Entering student to faculty and vocational training school 315 531 (%) 58.36 56.03 Önlisans - Vocational training school 118 157 158 283 (%) 37.45 43.26 Lisans - Undergraduate 152 921 166 132 (%) 48.46 45.41 Aç!kö"retim - Open education 44 453 41 434 (%) 14.09 11.33 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 11 Turizm En çok turist Almanya’dan 2010 ylnda en çok gelen ilk on milliyete bakld"nda birinci srada %15.3 ile Almanya, ikinci srada %10.9 ile Rusya Federasyonu, üçüncü srada ise %9.3 ile #ngiltere gelmektedir. Ülke gruplarnda ise ilk srada %49.6 ile OECD ülkeleri (Avrupa), ikinci srada %21.2 ile Ba"msz Devletler Toplulu"u, üçüncü srada ise %8.4 ile di"er Avrupa ülkeleri yer almaktadr. Gelen ziyaretçiler Yabanc ziyaretçilerin 2010 ylnda geli! amacna bakld"nda, %69.1’i gezi, e"lence, sportif ve kültürel amaçl gelirken, %11.4’ü akraba ve arkada! ziyareti, %6.4’ü ise i! amaçl (konferans, toplant, görev vb.) amaçl ülkemizi ziyaret etmi!lerdir. Yurt d!nda ikamet eden vatanda!larmzn %68.2’si akraba ve arkada! ziyareti amacyla gelirken, gezi, e"lence, sportif ve kültürel amaçl gelenlerin oran %20.2’dir. Hanehalk! yurtiçi turizm Hanehalk Yurtiçi Turizm Anketi sonuçlarna göre 2010 ylnda yurtiçinde ikamet edenler bir veya daha fazla geceleme kayd ile toplam 68 milyon 373 bin seyahat yapm!lardr. Bu seyahatlerde yaplan toplam geceleme says 555 milyon 145 bin gecedir. Toplam harcama ise 13 milyar 843 milyon 504 bin TL’dir. 2010 ylnda yaplan seyahatlerde ortalama geceleme says 8.1 gece, ki!i ba! ortalama harcama ise 202 TL olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. 12 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Tourism Most arriving foreigners from Germany In 2010, among most arriving foreigners by nationality, Germany had the highest ratio with 15.3%, Russian Federation was the second nationality with 10.9% and the third row was United Kingdom with 9.3%. Among nationality groups, OECD countries (Europe) had the highest priority with 49.6%, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) was the second with 21.2% and other European Countries was the third with 8.4%. Arriving visitors According to arriving purpose of the foreign visitors in 2010, 69.1% of visitors arrive for travelling, entertainment, sportive and cultural reasons, 11.4% for visiting relatives and friends and 6.4% for business (conferences, meetings, assignments etc.). According to arriving purpose among citizens residing in foreign countries, the proportion of visiting relatives and friends is 68.2% and proportion of travelling, entertainment, sportive and cultural reasons is 20.2%. Household domestic tourism According to the results of Household Domestic Tourism Survey, in 2010, 68 million 373 thousand trips which are one or more than one overnight stays were performed by persons residing in domestic. In this trips, 555 million 145 thousand overnights, 13 billion 843 million 504 thousand TL expenditure was made by visitors. In 2010, for per trip, average of overnights is 8.1 nights. Average expenses per capita is 202 TL, were calculated. Turizm geliri ve gideri - Tourism income and expenditure 2009 2010 Turizm geliri - Tourism income (000 $) 21 249 335 20 806 708 Ziyaretçi say!s! - Number of visitors 32 006 149 33 027 943 664 630 Ki#i ba#! ortalama harcama Average expenses per capita ($) Turizm gideri - Tourism expenses (000 $) 4 145 741 4 825 214 Ziyaretçi say!s! - Number of visitors 5 561 355 6 557 233 745 736 Ki#i ba#! ortalama harcama Average expenses per capita ($) TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 13 Adalet Savc!l!klar 2008 ylnda, Cumhuriyet Ba!savclklar tarafndan yürütülen soru!turma evresi çal!malarnda, mevcut 5 659 680 dosyadan %50.4’ü karara ba"lanm! olup, açlan kamu davas oran %37.6 olmu!tur. 2008 ylnda Cumhuriyet Ba!savclklarna gelen dosyalarn %40.6’snn faili bilinmemektedir. Mahkemeler 2008 ylnda ceza mahkemelerine açlan davalarn %50.2’si Türk Ceza Kanunu’na (TCK) göre açlan davalar, %49.8’i özel kanunlara göre açlan davalardr. 2008 ylnda sanklarn %35.2’si i!ledikleri suçtan dolay mahkum edilmi!tir. Hukuk mahkemelerine 2008 yl içinde toplam 1 620 793 dava açlm!tr. Açlan davalarn ilk on srasn veraset, bo!anma, tazminat, alacak, !ikayet, vasi tayini, itirazn iptali, nüfus davalar, kadastro tespitine itiraz ve tapu iptali-tescili olu!turmaktadr. Ceza infaz kurumuna giren hükümlüler Ceza infaz kurumuna giren hükümlülerin says 2009 ylnda 74 404’tür. 2009 ylnda ceza infaz kurumuna girenlerin %95.9’unu erkekler, %4.1’ini kadnlar olu!turmaktadr. 2009 ylnda ceza infaz kurumuna giren hükümlüler içinde, 12-17 ya! grubu hükümlülerin (çocuk hükümlüler) oran %1.8, 18 ve üstü ya! grubu hükümlülerin (yeti!kin hükümlüler) oran %98.2’dir (cinsiyeti ve ya! bilinmeyen hükümlüler hesaplamalara dahil edilmemi!tir). Güvenlik birimine gelen veya getirilen çocuklar 2010 ylnda güvenlik birimine gelen veya getirilen çocuk says 188 044’tür. 2010 ylnda çocuklarn %44.3’ü suç isnad ile %40.6’s ma"dur, %4.3’ü kayp, %10.8’i di"er nedenlerden güvenlik birimlerine gelmi!lerdir. 14 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Justice Public prosecutors 50.4% of 5 659 680 cases in the investigation stage has been judged by the Chief Public Prosecutors in the year 2008 and the ratio of ling a public case is 37.6%. 40.6% of cases brought to the Chief Public Prosecutors consists of cases with unknown offender in the year 2008. Courts In 2008, 50.2% of cases led at the criminal courts is cases by the Turkish Criminal Law (TCL), 49.8% of the cases is by the special laws. In 2008, 35.2% of accused persons has been sentenced because of their committed crime. 1 620 793 cases have been led at the civil courts in the year 2008. The rst ten cases of led cases consists of succession, divorce, compensation, action of debt, complaint, appointment of guardian, cancellation of objection, birth registration actions, objection to land registration, and nullication of title deed. Convicts received into prison The number of convicts received into prison is 74 404 in 2009. 95.9% of convicts received into prison is male, 4.1% is female in 2009. The ratio of convicts at 12-17 age group in total convicts received into prison is 1.8%, the ratio of convicts at the age 18 and over is 98.2% in the year 2009 (convicts whose sex and age unknown were not included in the calculations). Juveniles received into security unit The number of juveniles received into security unit is 188 044 in 2010. 44.3% of juveniles received into security unit because of offence charged, 40.6% as victim, 4.3% as lost, 10.8% by the other reasons in 2010. Mahkemelerin i# durumu - Court’s activities A. Gelen - Brought B. Karara ba"lanan - Judged C. Gelecek y!la devir - Postponed until next year Mahkeme türü - Type of court Ceza - Criminal Hukuk - Civil !dari - Administrative A B C A B C A B C 3 1 1 2 1 2007 058 701 714 883 343 818 397 875 497 250 900 625 478 339 326 826 151 513 3 1 1 2 1 2008 060 639 848 906 211 733 521 418 568 170 953 248 482 251 337 528 144 723 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 15 !#gücü !#gücü 2010 ylnda Türkiye’de toplam i!gücü 25 milyon 641 bin ki!idir. Kadn i!gücü 7 milyon 383 bin ki!i, erkek i!gücü ise 18 milyon 257 bin ki!idir. Toplam i!gücünün %71.2’sini erkek nüfus ve %17.3’ünü 15-24 ya! grubundakiler olu!turmaktadr. 2010 ylnda Türkiye genelinde %48.8 olan i!gücüne katlma oran, erkeklerde %70.8, kadnlarda ise %27.6 olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Kadnlarn i!gücüne katlm oran krsal yerlerde (%36.3) kentsel yerlere kyasla daha yüksektir (%23.7). 2010 ylnda 22 milyon 594 bin ki!i olan toplam istihdamn %65’i kentsel yerlerde, %35’i ise krsal yerlerde bulunmaktadr. Türkiye’de istihdam edilen nüfusun %25.2’si tarm sektöründe çal!maktadr. Tarmdaki istihdamn %44.2’sini kendi hesabna veya i!veren olarak çal!anlar, %46.5’i ise ücretsiz aile i!çisi olu!turmaktadr. Tarm sektöründeki 2 milyon 724 bin kadnn %76’s ücretsiz aile i!çisi olarak çal!maktadr. Tarm d! istihdam ise 16 milyon 911 bin ki!idir. !#sizlik 2010 ylnda i!siz says 3 milyon 46 bin ki!i olarak tahmin edilmi!tir. 2010 ylnda i!sizlik oran kentsel yerlerde %14.2, krsal yerlerde ise %7.3’dür. #!sizlik oran kadnlarda %13, erkeklerde ise %11.4’dür. Genç i!sizlik oran toplamda %21.7, erkeklerde %21, kadnlarda ise %23’dür. Bu dönemdeki i!sizlerin %68.5’i erkek nüfustur. #!gücüne dahil olmayanlarn says da 2010 ylnda 26 milyon 901 bin ki!i olmu!tur. Ev i!leri ile me!gul olanlar %44.3 ile i!gücüne dahil olmayan nüfus içinde en yüksek paya sahiptir. 16 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Labour Force Labour force Labour force is 25 million 641 thousand persons in Turkey in 2010. Female labour force is 7 million 383 thousand persons and male labour force is 18 million 257 thousand persons. Male population consists 71.2% of total labour force and 17.3% of total population is between 15-24 age groups. Labour force participation rate is 48.8% for overall Turkey, it is 70.8% for male and 27.6% for female in 2010. Labour force participation rate for female is higher in rural areas (36.3%) compared to urban areas (23.7%). Of total employment amounting to 22 million 594 thousand persons, 65% are employed in urban areas and 35% is employed in rural areas in 2010. 25.2% of employed persons have been working in agriculture. 44.2% of agricultural employment is comprised of self-employed persons or employers and 46.5% of it is comprised of unpaid family workers. 76% of 2 million 724 thousand women have been working in agriculture as unpaid family worker. Non-agricultural employment is 16 million 911 thousand persons. Unemployment In 2010, the number of unemployed persons is estimated as 3 million 46 thousand persons. Unemployment rate is 14.2% in urban areas and 7.3% in rural areas in 2010. Unemployment rate is 13% for female and 11.4% for male. The overall unemployment rate of youth is 21.7%, 21% for male and 23% for female. 68.5% of the unemployed persons in this term are the male population. The number of persons who are not in the labour force is estimated as 26 million 901 thousands persons in 2010. Persons who are engaged with household chores have the highest share in the population not in the labour force with 44.3%. Kurumsal olmayan nüfusun i#gücü durumu Labour force status of non-institutional population 2009 Kurumsal olmayan nüfus - Non-institutional population (000) 70 542 15 ve daha yukar! ya#taki nüfus Population 15 years old and over (000) 51 686 !#gücü - Labour force (000) 24 748 !stihdam - Employed (000) 21 277 Erkek - Males 15 406 Kad!n - Females 5 871 !#siz - Unemployed (000) 3 471 Erkek - Males 2 491 Kad!n - Females 979 !#gücüne kat!lma oran! - Labour force participation rate (%) 47.9 !#sizlik oran! - Unemployment rate (%) 14.0 !#gücüne dahil olmayanlar - Not in labour force (000) 26 938 2010 71 343 52 25 22 16 6 3 2 541 641 594 170 425 046 088 959 48.8 11.9 26 901 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 17 Tar!m Tar!msal i#letme büyüklü"ü ve i#letme tipi 2001 Genel Tarm Saym Tarmsal #!letmeler (Hanehalk) Anketi sonucuna göre, Türkiye’de toplam 3 076 649 adet tarmsal i!letme bulunmaktadr. Bu i!letmelerin, 54 523 adeti tasarrufunda hiç arazi olmayan i!letmelerdir. Tasarrufunda arazi bulunan tarmsal i!letmelerin %31.46’s 20-49 dekar arazi grubunda yo"unla!m!tr. Toplam i!letmenin %67.43’ünde hem bitkisel üretim hem de hayvan yeti!tiricili"i, %30.21’inde yalnz bitkisel üretim, %2.36’snda yalnz hayvan yeti!tiricili"i yaplmaktadr. Bitkisel üretim Türkiye’de toplam i!lenen tarm alan ve uzun ömürlü bitkilerin alan 2010 ylnda 24.4 milyon hektardr. 2010 ylnda ekilen alan 16.3 milyon hektar, nadas alan 4.3 milyon hektar, sebze bahçeleri alan 0.8 milyon hektar ve uzun ömürlü bitkilerin alan 3.1 milyon hektar olmu!tur. Çayr ve mera arazisi 2010 ylnda 14.6 milyon hektar, orman alan ise 21.4 milyon hektardr. Önemli ürünlerin üretimine bakld"nda, 2010 ylnda bu"day 19 660 000 ton, arpa 7 240 000 ton, dane msr 4 310 000 ton, kütlü pamuk 2 150 000 ton, !eker pancar 17 942 112 ton ve ayçiçe"i 1 320 000 ton olmu!tur. Hayvanc!l!k 2010 ylnda Türkiye’de s"r says 11 369 800 ba!, koyun says 23 089 691 ba! olmu!tur. Su ürünleri Avlanan deniz balklarnn miktar 2010 ylnda 399 656 ton olmu!tur. Di"er deniz ürünleri ise 2010 ylnda 46 024 tondur. 2010 ylnda yeti!tiricilik üretimi denizlerde 88 573 ton, iç sularda yeti!tiricilik üretimi ise 78 568 tondur. #ç su ürünleri avcl" ise 40 259 tondur. 18 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Agriculture Agricultural holding size and type According to the results of 2001 Census of Agriculture Agricultural Holdings (Household) Survey, there are 3 076 649 agricultural holdings in total. 54 523 of total agricultural holdings are without land operated. 31.46% of the holdings with land operated has been accumulated among 20-49 decare land group. 67.43% of total agricultural holdings has been engaged in both crop production and animal husbandry, 30.21% of them has been engaged in only crop production and 2.36% of them has been engaged in only animal husbandry. Crop production In Turkey, total arable land and land under permanent crops was 24.4 million hectares in 2010. In 2010, sown area was 16.3 million hectares, fallow land 4.3 million hectares, area of vegetable gardens 0.8 million hectares and land under permanent crops was 3.1 million hectares. Land under permanent meadows and pastures was 14.6 million hectares, forest area was 21.4 million hectares in 2010. Hayvansal ürünler - Animal products 2009 Looking at the production of important crops, in 2010, wheat is 19 660 000 tons, barley is 7 240 000 tons, maize (grain) is 4 310 000 tons, cotton (raw) is 2 150 000 tons, sugar beets is 17 942 112 tons and sunower is 1 320 000 tons. K!rm!z! et - Red meat Livestock In 2010 the number of cattle is 11 369 800 heads and the number of sheep is 23 089 691 heads. Süt - Milk Fishery The amount of sea sh caught was 399 656 tons in 2010. The amount of other sea products caught was 46 024 tons in 2010. Aquaculture production on sea was 88 573 tons in 2010. Aquaculture production in freshwater was 78 568 tons in 2010. The catch of freshwater was 40 259 tons. (1) Beyaz et - Poultry meat(2) Yumurta - Eggs(3) Bal - Honey (Ton - Tons) 2010 412 621 780 718 1 323 624 1 444 059 864 545 740 025 12 542 186 13 543 674 82 003 81 115 (1) 2010 y!l!na kadar Kurban Bayram! kesimlerinin bir k!sm! ile kesimhane kesimlerini kapsar. 2010 y!l!ndan itibaren tüm kesimleri kapsamaktad!r. (1) Includes part of the slaughterings at the Feast Sacrice and slaughterings at slaughterhouses until 2010; all slaughterings starting from 2010. (2) 2010 y!l!ndan itibaren sadece tavuk etini kapsamaktad!r. (2) Includes only chicken meat starting from 2010. (3) 16 000 adet yumurta = 1 ton - 16 000 eggs = 1 ton TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 19 K!sa Dönemli !# !statistikleri Sanayi üretimi Sanayi sektöründe üretim, bir önceki yla göre 2010 ylnda %13.1 artm!tr. 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre, sanayinin alt sektörlerindeki üretim incelendi"inde, madencilik ve ta!ocakçl" sektöründe %2.1, imalat sanayii sektöründe %14.4, elektrik, gaz, buhar ve iklimlendirme sektöründe ise %8.3 orannda art! görülmü!tür. Sanayi ciro ve sipari# Sanayi ciro, madencilik ve ta!ocakçl" ile imalat sanayii sektörlerindeki ciroyu kapsamaktadr. Sanayi sektöründe ciro, bir önceki yla göre 2010 ylnda %17.7 artm!tr. 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre, sanayinin alt sektörlerindeki ciro incelendi"inde, madencilik ve ta!ocakçl" sektöründe %26.1, imalat sanayii sektöründe ise %17.4 orannda art! görülmü!tür. Sanayi sipari!, imalat sanayii sektöründeki sipari!i kapsamaktadr. Sanayi sektöründe sipari!, bir önceki yla göre 2010 ylnda %19.1 artm!tr. Sanayi istihdam!nda art!# 2005=100 temel yll, Üç Aylk Sanayi #stihdam Endeksi 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre %4.5 art! göstermi!tir. Sanayide çal!#!lan saatte art!# 2005=100 temel yll, Üç Aylk Sanayide Çal!lan Saat Endeksi 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre %4.5 art! göstermi!tir. Sanayide brüt ücret-maa#ta art!# 2005=100 temel yll, Üç Aylk Sanayide Brüt Ücret-Maa! Endeksi 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre %15.8 art! göstermi!tir. 20 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Short Term Business Statistics Industrial production The production in the industry sector increased by 13.1% in 2010 over to the previous year. In 2010 when the production in sub sectors of industry over to the previous year was examined a increase of 2.1% in mining and quarrying sector, a increase of 14.4% in manufacturing sector, a increase of 8.3% in electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply sector was realized. Industrial turnover, new orders Industrial turnover comprises the turnover in the mining and quarrying sector and manufacturing industry sector. The turnover in the industry sector increased by 17.7% in 2010 over to the previous year. In 2010 when the turnover in sub sectors of industry over to the previous year was examined a increase of 26.1% in mining and quarrying sector, a increase of 17.4% in manufacturing sector was realized. Industrial new orders comprises the new orders in the manufacturing industry sector. The new orders in the industry sector increased by 19.1% in 2010 over to the previous year. Industrial employment increased Quarterly Industrial Employment Index with 2005 base year increased by 4.5% over to the previous year in the year 2010. Hours worked in industry increased Quarterly Hours Worked Index in Industry with 2005 base year increased by 4.5% over to the previous year in the year 2010. Gross wages-salaries in industry increased Quarterly Gross Wages-Salaries Index in Industry with 2005 base year increased by 15.8% over to the previous year in the year 2010. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 21 Enerji Enerji tüketiminde yo"unluk sanayide 2009 ylnda 2008 ylna göre brüt elektrik üretimi %1.82 azalarak 194 812.9 GWh olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Elektrik tüketimi ise 2009 ylnda 2008 ylna göre %3.12 orannda azalarak 156 894.1 GWh olmu!tur. 2009 ylnda enerji kaynaklarna göre brüt elektrik enerjisi üretiminin %49.33‘ü do"algaz, %20.07‘si linyit, %19.45’i su, jeotermal ve rüzgar, %8.52‘si ta!kömürü, %2.28‘i fuel-oil, %0.18’i motorin ve %0.18‘i de di"er kaynaklardan sa"lanm!tr. 2009 ylnda elektrik ithalat 812 GWh, elektrik ihracat ise 1 545.8 GWh olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. 2009 ylnda elektrik enerjisinin %44.9’u sanayide, %25’i konutlarda, %15.9’u ticarethanelerde, %4.5’i resmi dairelerde, %2.5’i sokak aydnlatmasnda, %2.3’ü tarmsal sulamada ve %4.9’u da di"er amaçlar için kullanlm!tr. 22 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Energy Large portion of electricity consumption in industry In 2009, electricity generation had decreased by 1.82% and reached 194 812.9 GWh, consumption had decreased by 3.12% and reached 156 894.1 GWh when compared to 2008. The share of energy sources in the gross electrical energy generation in year 2009 has been observed as follows; natural gas with 49.33%, lignite with 20.07%, water, geothermel and wind with 19.45%, hard coal with 8.52%, fuel-oil with 2.28%, diesel oil with 0.18% and others with 0.18%. 812 GWh electricity was imported in 2009, 1 545.8 GWh electricity was exported in 2009. In 2009, 44.9% of electricity consumption was in industry, 25% was in residences, 15.9% was in commerce, 4.5% was in state ofces, 2.5% was in street lighting, 2.3% irrigation and 4.9% others. Elektrik tüketimi ve enerji kaynaklar!na göre elektrik enerjisi üretimi Electricity consumption and electricity generation by energy resources (GWh) 2008 2009 Tüketim - Consumption 161 947.5 156 894.1 Brüt üretim - Gross production 198 418.0 194 812.9 Ta#kömürü+ithal kömür+asfaltit Hard coal+imported coal+asphaltite 15 857.5 16 595.6 Linyit - Lignite 41 858.1 39 089.5 7 208.6 4 439.8 266.3 345.8 98 685.3 96 094.7 34 278.7 37 889.5 263.5 358.1 Fuel oil - Fuel oil Motorin - Diesel oil Do"al gaz - Natural gas Hidrolik+jeotermal+rüzgar Hydraulic+geothermal+wind Di"er - Other(1) Kaynak: TE!A%, Türkiye Elektrik Üretim-!letim !statistikleri Source: TETC, Electricity Generation - Transmission Statistics of Turkey (1) Nafta, LPG, biogaz, endüstriyel at!k vb. (1) Naphtha, LPG, biogas, industrial waste etc. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 23 Ula#t!rma ve Haberle#me Tra"k kazalar!nda art!# 2010 ylnda ülkemiz karayolu a"nda toplam 1 106 201 adet trak kazas meydana gelmi! ve bu kazalarda 4 045 ki!i hayatn kaybetmi!, 211 496 ki!i de yaralanm!tr. 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre kazalar %5.0 artarken, ölümlü yaralanmal kazalarda %5.1, yaral saysnda %5.0, ölü saysnda ise %6.5 azalma olmu!tur. 2010 ylnda bir önceki yla göre ölümlü ve yaralanmal trak kazasna kar!an ta!t saylarnda %6.4 art! olmu!tur. 2010 ylnda meydana gelen trak kazalarnda 100 000 nüfusa dü!en ölü says 5.5, yaral says 286.9 olmu!tur. Tra"kteki araç say!lar! 2010 yl içinde 930 603 adet aracn tra"e kayd yaplm!, 151 700 aracn ise trakten kayd silinmi!tir. 2010 yl itibariyle tra"e kaytl 15 095 603 ta!tn %50.0’sini otomobil, %2.6’sini minibüs, %1.4’ünü otobüs, %15.9’unu kamyonet, %4.8’ini kamyon, %15.8’ini motosiklet, %0.2’sini özel amaçl ta!tlar ve %9.3’ünü traktör olu!turmaktadr. Trakteki araç says 2010 ylnda 2009 ylna göre %5.4 art! göstererek 15 095 603 olurken bu art! otomobilde %6.4, minibüste %0.8, otobüste %3.7, kamyonette %8.8, motosiklette %3.7, traktörde %2.7, özel amaçl ta!tlarda %4.1 orannda gerçekle!mi!tir. Kamyonda ise %0.1 azal! olmu!tur. Haberle#me 2010 ylnda sabit telefon abone says bir önceki yla göre %2.0 azalarak 16 201 466, cep telefonu abone says da %1.6 azalarak 61 769 635 olmu!tur. 2010 ylnda internet abone says ise bir önceki yla göre %27.4 orannda artarak 8 672 376 adet olmu!tur. 24 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Transportation and Communication Increase in traf"c accidents In year 2010 regarding trafc accidents occurred on the road network of our country; there had been 1 106 201 trafc accidents in which 4 045 persons were killed and 211 496 persons were injured. In 2010, number of accidents increased by a ratio of 5.0%, whereas accidents involving death and personal injury decreased by a ratio of 5.1%, persons injured decreased by a ratio of 5.0% and persons killed decreased by a ratio of 6.5% with respect to the previous year. In 2010, number of motor vehicles involved in accidents with death and personal injury increased with a ratio of 6.4% with respect to the previous year. In 2010, the number of killed persons per 100 000 population is 5.5 and number of injured persons is 286.9. Number of motor vehicles in traf"c In 2010, 930 603 motor vehicles were registered to the records and 151 700 motor vehicles were erased from records. By year 2010, there are 15 095 603 registered motor vehicles in trafc and 50.0% of them is car, 2.6% is minibus, 1.4% is bus, 15.9% is small truck, 4.8% is truck, 15.8% is motorcycle, 0.2% is special purpose vehicles and 9.3% is road tractor. In 2010, number of motor vehicles increased with a ratio of 5.4% with respect to 2009 and became 15 095 603. This increase occurred in car with a ratio of 6.4%, minibus 0.8%, bus 3.7, small truck 8.8, motorcycle 3.7%, tractor 2.7% and special purpose vehicles 4.1%. There has been a decrease in the number of trucks by 0.1%. Communication In 2010, number of xed phone subscribers decreased by 2.0% and became 16 201 466, and number of mobile phone subscribers decreased by 1.6% and became 61 769 635. In 2010, number of internet subscribers increased by 27.4% with respect to previous year and became 8 672 376. Motorlu ta#!t, nüfus, sürücü belgesi ve tra"k kazas! Number of motor vehicles, population, driving licence and trafc accidents 2009(1) 2010(1) Kay!tl! motorlu ta#!t - Registered motor vehicles 14 316 700 15 095 603 Kazaya kar!#an motorlu ta#!t Motor vehicles involved in accidents 146 964 156 346 Nüfus - Population (Bin - Thousand) 72 561 73 723 Sürücü belgesi olan ki#i say!s! Number of persons with driver licence 20 460 739 21 548 381 Kaza say!s! - Number of accidents 1 017 940 1 073 878 Not. Tra"k polisi sorumluluk bölgesindeki kazalar! kapsar. Note. This chart includes road trafc accidents in the responsibility area of trafc police. (1) Ölümlü ve yaralanmal! tra"k kazas!na kar!#an ta#!t say!lar!d!r. (1) Number of vehicles involved in accidents with death and personal injury. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 25 D!# Ticaret D!# ticarette art!# 2010 ylnda Türkiye, 185 544 milyon ABD Dolar ithalat, 113 883 milyon ABD Dolar ihracat gerçekle!tirmi!tir. Bir önceki yla göre ihracat %11.5, ithalat ise %31.7 artm!tr. Türkiye’nin d! ticaret aç" 2010 ylnda 71 661 milyon ABD Dolar’dr. #hracatn GSYH’ya oran, 2010 ylnda %15.5 olmu!tur. 2010 ylnda Türkiye ihracatnn %46.3’ü AB ülkelerine yaplm!, AB’yi %20.5 ile Yakn ve Ortado"u ülkeleri takip etmi!tir. 2010 ylnda Türkiye ithalatnn %38.9’u AB ülkelerinden yaplm!, AB’yi %22.3 ile di"er Asya ülkeleri ve %16.3 ile di"er Avrupa ülkeleri takip etmi!tir. 2010 ylnda imalat sanayii ürünleri ithalat bir önceki yla göre %30.9 artarak 145 367 milyon ABD Dolar, ihracat ise %10.5 artarak 105 467 milyon ABD Dolar olmu!tur. Dokumaya elveri#li madde ihracat! ilk s!rada Harmonize sisteme göre, 2010 ylnda Türkiye ihracatnn %19.2’si dokumaya elveri!li maddeler ve mamul e!yadan (fasl 50-63) olu!maktadr. Bu ürün grubunun ihracat 21 826 milyon ABD Dolar olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Di"er taraftan Türkiye, 2010 ylnda 39 810 milyon ABD Dolar mineral maddeler (fasl 25-27) ithalat yapm!tr. 2010 yl verilerine göre, fasl baznda Türkiye ihracatnda kara ta!tlar (fasl 87) 13 813 milyon ABD Dolar ile ilk srada, 9 413 milyon ABD Dolar ihracatla makinalar ve cihazlar (fasl 84) ikinci srada ve 8 740 milyon ABD Dolar ihracatla demir ve çelik (fasl 72) üçüncü srada yer almaktadr. Türkiye ithalatnda fasl düzeyinde ilk sray mineral yaktlar ve ya"lar almaktadr. 2010 ylnda, 38 497 milyon ABD Dolar mineral yakt ve ya" ithalat yaplm!tr. 26 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Foreign Trade Increase in foreign trade According to the 2010 data, imports for Turkey was 185 544 million US Dollars and exports was 113 883 million US Dollars. Exports and imports incresed by 11.5% and 31.7% in comparison with the previous year. Turkey’s foreign trade decit was 71 661 million US Dollars in 2010. In 2010, the ratio of exports over GDP was 15.5%. According to the 2010 data, 46.3% of Turkey’s exports was to EU countries and it is followed by the Near and Middle East countries with 20.5%. By the same token, EU countries were main partners for imports with 38.9% and followed by the other Asian countries with 22.3% and the other European countries with 16.3%. In 2010, the imports and exports of the commodities of manufacturing industry increased by 30.9% and 10.5% in comparison with the previous year were 145 367 and 105 467 million US Dollars. Textile and textile articles are in the front rank According to the Harmonized System, 19.2% of Turkey’s exports was textile and textile articles (chapter 50-63) with 21 826 million US Dollars in 2010. On the other hand, Turkey imported mineral fuels, minerals oils and product of their distillation (chapter 25-27) with 39 810 million US Dollars in the same year. According to the 2010 data, exports of the road vehicles (chapter 87) were at forefront with 13 813 million US Dollars and followed by machineries and mechanical appliances (chapter 84) with 9 413, iron and steel (chapter 72) with 8 740 million US Dollars. Mineral fuels and oils were at forefront in imports with 38 497 million US Dollars. 2010 y!l!nda Türkiye’nin en çok ithalat ve ihracat yapt!"! ülkeler Main trade partners in 2010 !thalat - Imports (Bin ABD Dolar! - Thousand US Dollars) !hracat - Exports (Bin ABD Dolar! - Thousand US Dollars) Genel - Turkey’s total 185 544 332 Genel - Turkey’s total 113 883 219 Rusya Fed. - Russia Fed. 21 600 641 Almanya - Germany 11 479 066 Almanya - Germany 17 549 112 !ngiltere - United Kingdom 7 235 861 Çin - China 17 180 806 !talya - Italy 6 505 277 A.B.D. - USA 12 318 745 Fransa - France 6 054 499 !talya - Italy 10 203 695 Irak - Iraq 6 036 362 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 27 Fiyat ve Endeksler Fiyat endekslerinde de"i#im TÜFE hesaplamasnda, a"rlklar için kullanlan ba!lca veri kayna" hanehalk bütçe anketleridir. TÜFE, Türkiye ve 26 istatistiksel bölge için hesaplanmaktadr. 2010 yl TÜFE madde sepetinde 446 madde kapsanm!tr. ÜFE, il ve bölge ayrmna gidilmeden tüm Türkiye için hesaplanmaktadr. 2010 yl ÜFE madde sepeti 779 maddeyi kapsamaktadr. 2010 ylnda, 2003 temel yll TÜFE sonuçlarna göre %6.40, 2003 temel yll ÜFE sonuçlarna göre %8.87 de"i!im gerçekle!mi!tir. TÜFE’de y!ll!k bazda en çok art!# alkollü içecekler ve tütün grubunda TÜFE’de “Ana Harcama Gruplar” itibariyle, 2010 Aralk aynda bir önceki yln ayn ayna göre de"i!im oranlar incelendi"inde; en fazla art! %24.66 ile alkollü içecekler ve tütün grubunda gerçekle!mi!, lokanta ve otel grubunda %9.76, gda ve alkolsüz içecekler grubunda %7.02, ula!trma grubunda %6.78, konut grubunda %5.91, çe!itli mal ve hizmetler grubunda %5.51, giyim ve ayakkab grubunda %4.74, e"itim grubunda %4.25, ev e!yas grubunda %3.27, sa"lk grubunda %0.57 art! ve haberle!me grubunda %-3.22, e"lence ve kültür grubunda %-2.32 dü!ü! gözlenmi!tir. ÜFE’de 2010 yl sonu verilerine göre tarm sektörü endeksinde %14.52, sanayi sektörü endeksinde %7.70 orannda yllk de"i!im gerçekle!mi!tir. Sanayinin alt sektörlerinden madencilik ve ta!ocakçl"nda %7.11, imalat sanayiinde %6.62 ve elektrik, gaz, su sektöründe %18.68 yllk de"i!im gerçekle!mi!tir. 28 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Prices and Indexes Changes in price indices Main source of Consumer Price Index (CPI) weights is household budget surveys. CPI is compiled for whole country and for 26 statistical regions. 446 items were covered in item basket of CPI in 2010. Producer price index (PPI) is compiled for whole country and indices are not calculated separately for the regions. 779 items were covered in item basket of PPI in 2010. CPI increased by 6.40% and PPI increased by 8.87% in 2010 according to the index results based on 2003 period. The highest annual increase was in the index for alcoholic beverages and tobacco In December 2010, when we examine the rates of change in main expenditure groups of CPI, by comparing the rate of change on same month of the previous year, the largest increase (24.66%) is seen in alcoholic beverages and tobacco group. 9.76% increase in hotels, cafes and restaurants, 7.02% increase in food and non-alcoholic beverages, 6.78% increase in transportation, 5.91% increase in housing, 5.51% increase in miscellaneous goods and services, 4.74% increase in clothing and footwear, 4.25% increase in education, 3.27% increase in furnishing and household equipment, 0.57% increase in health; -3.22% decrease in communication, -2.32% decrease in recreation and culture are observed. Annual changes in PPI were 14.52% in the index of agriculture and 7.70% in the index of industry according to the index results of December 2010. There were increases by 7.11% in the index for mining and stone quarrying, 6.62% in the index for manufacturing industry and by 18.68% in the index for electricity, gas and water by sub-sections of industry. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 29 Ulusal Hesaplar Ulusal hesaplar 2009 ylnda 1998 yl sabit yatlarla %-4.8 dü!ü! gösteren GSYH 2010 ylnda %9.0 artm!tr. Ulusal hesaplar alannda dönemsel tahminler cari ve sabit yatlarla hesaplanmaktadr. Ülkemizde GSYH serilerinde 1948, 1968, 1987 ve son olarak 1998 baz yl güncellemesi yaplm!tr. Cari yatlarla gayri sa yurtiçi hasla (GSYH) 2010 ylnda %15.9 artarak 1 103.7 milyar TL’ye ula!m!tr. 2010 ylnda cari yatlarla ki!i ba!na GSYH 10 067 ABD Dolar olmu!tur. 2010 ylnda Türkiye’nin cari yatlarla gayri sa yurtiçi hasla (GSYH) de"eri 734.9 milyar ABD Dolardr. 2010 ylnda, üretim yöntemiyle tahmin edilen cari yatlarla GSYH’da tarm, avclk ve ormanclk sektörünün pay %8.2, imalat sanayi sektörünün pay %15.5, toptan ve perakende sektörünün pay %11.2’dir. Sabit yatlarla GSYH’nn sektörel paylar ise tarm, avclk ve ormanclkta %9.2, imalat sanayiinde %24.2, toptan ve perakende ticaret sektöründe %12.7’dir. Sektörel geli!me hzlar ise sabit yatlarla tarm, avclk ve ormanclkta %2.4, imalat sanayinde %13.3, toptan ve perakende ticarette %13.5, ula!trma, depolama ve haberle!me sektöründe %10.5 olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. 2010 ylnda, harcama yöntemi ile tahmin edilen cari yatlarla GSYH’nin bile!enleri incelendi"inde, yerle!ik hanehalklarnn tüketiminin pay %71.3, devletin nihai tüketim harcamalarnn pay %14.3 ve gayri sa sabit sermaye olu!umunun pay ise %18.7’dir. 30 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 National Accounts National accounts The growth rate of GDP in constant prices (1998) decreased -4.8% in 2009 and increased 9.0% in 2010. Quarterly GDP series are available at current and constant price. Revision studies with the base years of 1948, 1968, 1987 and 1998 have been realized on Turkey’s GNP series. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at current prices reached 1 103.7 billion TL by increasing 15.9% in 2010. GDP per capita was 10 067 US dollars in 2010. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at current prices was 734.9 billion US dollars in 2010. The share of agriculture, hunting and forestry sector was 8.2%, manufacturing sector 15.5%, wholesale and retail trade sector 11.2% in GDP by production approach at current prices in 2010. The shares of sector in GDP at constant prices were 9.2% in agriculture, hunting and forestry, 24.2% in manufacturing and 12.7% in wholesale and retail sector in 2010. The growth rates at constant prices were 2.4% in agriculture, hunting and forestry sector, 13.3% in manufacturing sector, 13.5% in wholesale and retail trade and 10.5% in transport, storage and communication sector. The share of nal consumption expenditure of resident households was 71.3%, government nal consumption expenditure was 14.3% and gross xed capital formation was 18.7% in GDP by expenditure approach at current prices in 2010. Ba#l!ca ulusal hesaplar büyüklükleri Main national accounts gures 2009 2010 952.6 1 103.7 -4.8 9.0 5.3 6.3 Cari "yatlarla GSYH (Milyar TL) Gross Domestic Product at current prices (Billion TL) GSYH reel büyüme h!z! (y/y % de"i#im) Gross Domestic Product growth rates of constant prices (a/a % change) GSYH z!mni "yat de#atörü (y/y % de"i#im) Gross Domestic Product implicit deators (a/a % change) TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 31 Gelir ve Ya#am Ko#ullar! Gelir da"!l!m! 2009 Gelir ve Ya!am Ko!ullar Ara!trmas sonuçlarna göre; gelir da"lm e!itsizlik ölçütlerinden gini katsays 0.415 olarak hesaplanm!tr. Katsay, kentsel yerle!im yerleri için 0.405, krsal yerle!im yerleri için ise 0.380’dir. E!de"er hanehalk kullanlabilir gelirlere göre olu!turulan yüzde 20’lik gruplarda, en yüksek gelire sahip son gruptakilerin toplam gelirden ald" pay %47.6 iken, en dü!ük gelire sahip ilk gruptakilerin toplam gelirden ald" pay %5.6’dr. Buna göre, son yüzde 20’lik grubun toplam gelirden ald" pay, ilk yüzde 20’lik gruba göre bir önceki yl oldu"u gibi 8.5 kattr. Kentsel yerler için P80/P20 göstergesi 7.9, krsal yerler için ise 7.2 kattr. Türkiye’de hanehalk ba!na dü!en ortalama yllk kullanlabilir gelir 21 293 YTL iken, ortalama yllk e!de"er hanehalk kullanlabilir gelir ise 9 396 YTL’dir. #stanbul Bölgesi 12 795 YTL ile ortalama yllk e!de"er hanehalk kullanlabilir geliri en yüksek olan bölge durumundadr. En dü!ük ortalamaya sahip bölge ise 4 655 YTL ile Güneydo"u Anadolu Bölgesi’dir. Maa!-ücret gelirleri %42.9’luk oranla toplam gelir içerisinde en fazla paya sahip gelir türüdür. Bunu %20.4’lük oranla müte!ebbislik gelirleri izlemektedir. Bunun %73.7’si tarm-d! müte!ebbis gelirlerinden olu!maktadr. E!de"er hanehalk kullanlabilir medyan gelirin %50’si dikkate alnarak belirlenen yoksulluk snrna göre nüfusun %17.1’i, yoksulluk riski altndadr. Kentsel ve krsal yerler için ayr ayr hesaplanan yoksulluk snrlarna göre, kentsel yerlerde bu oran %15.4 iken, krsal yerlerde %16.1’dir. 32 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Income and Living Conditions Income distribution By 2009 Income and Living Conditions Survey Results; gini coefcient, which is one of the income inequality criteria, is calculated as 0.415. The coefcient is 0.405 for urban settlements and 0.380 for rural settlements. Considering the quintiles constituted by the equivalent household disposable income, the share of the fth quintile which has the highest income is 47.6% whereas the share of the rst quintile which has the lowest income is 5.6%. Therefore, the share of the fth quintile of the total income is 8.5 times more than the rst quintile as it was in 2009. S80/S20 indicator is calculated as 7.9 for urban settlements and 7.2 for rural settlements. In Turkey, the average annual disposable income per household is 21 293 TRY whereas average annual equivalised household disposable income is 9 396 TRY. By the regions; Istanbul has the highest average annual equivalised household disposable income with 12 795 TRY. South East Anatolia has the lowest average income level with 4 655 TRY. Wage and salaries has the highest rate with 42.9% of total income. This is followed by the entrepreneurial incomes with 20.4%. 73.7% of it is formed by non-agricultural entrepreneurial income. E#de"er hanehalk! kullan!labilir gelirlere göre s!ral! yüzde 20’lik gruplar Quintiles ordered by equivalised household disposable income Yüzde 20’lik fert gruplar! Türkiye - Turkey Quintiles 2008 2009 Kent - Urban 2008 2009 100.0 100.0 K!r - Rural 2008 2009 100.0 100.0 Toplam - Total 100.0 100.0 !lk yüzde 20 First 20% 5.8 5.6 6.1 6.0 6.5 !kinci yüzde 20 Second 20% 10.4 10.3 10.7 10.7 10.8 Üçüncü yüzde 20 Third 20% 15.2 15.1 15.3 15.0 15.6 Dördüncü yüzde 20 Fourth 20% 21.9 21.5 21.9 21.1 22.5 Son yüzde 20 Fifth 20% 46.7 47.6 46.0 47.3 44.5 Gini katsay!s! Gini coefcient 0.405 0.415 0.395 0.405 0.378 Son yüzde 20/!lk yüzde 20 (P80/P20) Share ratio (S80/S20) 8.1 8.5 7.5 7.9 6.8 Not. Gelir referans dönemleri bir önceki takvim y!l!d!r. Note. Reference period of income information is the previous calendar year. 6.1 10.9 15.9 23.1 44.0 0.380 7.2 17.1% of total population is at the poverty risk according to poverty threshold calculated according to 50% of equivalised household disposable median income. This rate is 15.4% for urban areas and 16.1% for rural areas by using poverty thresholds calculated separately for urban and rural areas. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 33 Tüketim Harcamalar! ve Mutlak Yoksulluk Tüketim harcamas! 2010 Hanehalk Bütçe Ara!trmas sonuçlarna göre; 2010 ylnda gda harcamas pay %21.9, konut ve kira harcamalar pay %27.1, ula!trma harcamalar pay %15.1, giyim harcamalar pay %5.1, alkollü içecek, sigara ve tütün harcamalar pay %4.5, ev e!yas harcamalar pay %6.3, otel, lokanta ve pastane harcamalar pay ise %5.4’tür. 2010 ylnda Türkiye’de hanehalk ba!na aylk ortalama tüketim harcamas 1 843 TL olarak tahmin edilirken, bu rakam kentsel yerlerde 2 023 TL, krsal yerlerde ise ortalama 1 420 TL olmu!tur. Mutlak yoksulluk 2009 Hanehalk Bütçe Anketi sonuçlarndan elde edilen Yoksulluk Çal!masna göre; Türkiye’de fertlerin %0.48’i sadece gda harcamalarn içeren açlk snrnn, %18.08’i ise gda ve gda d! harcamalar içeren yoksulluk snrnn altnda ya!amaktadr. 2009 ylnda açlk snrnn altnda ya!ayan fert oran %0.54, yoksul fert oran ise %17.1’dir. 2009 ylnda 4 ki!ilik hanenin aylk açlk snr 287 TL, aylk yoksulluk snr ise 825 TL’dir. 2009 yl verilerine göre okuryazar olmayan veya bir okul bitirmeyen fertlerde yoksul olma oran %29.84 iken yüksekokul, fakülte vb. bitiren fertlerde bu oran %0.71’e dü!mektedir. Fert says 3-4 olan hanelerde yoksulluk oran %9.65 iken, fert says 7 ve daha fazla olan hanelerde bu oran %40.05 olmu!tur. Krsal yerle!im yerlerinde ya!ayanlarda yoksulluk oran %38.69 iken, kentsel yerlerde ya!ayanlarn yoksulluk oran %8.86’dr. 34 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Consumption Expenditures and Absolute Poverty Consumption expenditure According to 2010 Household Budget Survey results; the share of food&non-alcoholic beverage expenditures is 21.9%, the share of expenditures on housing and rent is 27.1%, the share of transportation expenditures is 15.1%, the share of expenditures on clothing is 5.1%, the share of alcoholic beverages&cigarette expenditures is 4.5%, the share of furniture is 6.3% and the share of hotels&restaurants is 5.4% in 2010. The monthly average consumption expenditure per household is estimated as 1 843 TL for Turkey, whereas 2 023 TL for urban areas and 1 420 TL for rural areas in 2010. Absolute poverty According to the results of Poverty Study based on 2009 Household Budget Survey; 0.48% of the people live below the food poverty line, whereas 18.08% live below the complete poverty line. The ratio of individuals live below the food poverty line was 0.54% in 2009. The ratio of individuals live below the complete poverty line was 17.1% in 2009. In 2009 the monthly food poverty line is 287 TL, whereas the monthly complete poverty line is 825 TL for 4-person household. According to 2009 data, while the poverty rate for individuals illiterated or literated without a diploma is 29.84%, the rate is only 0.71% for those whose education level is university, faculty, masters, doctorate. The poverty rate is 9.65% for the households which comprise 3-4 members, while the poverty rate is 40.05% for the households whose size are 7 or more. The ratio of individuals who live in rural areas and live below the complete poverty line is 38.69%, whereas the ratio of individuals who live in urban areas and live below the complete poverty line is 8.86%. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 35 !#gücü Maliyeti !#gücü maliyeti Aylk ortalama i!gücü maliyeti, 2008 referans yl için 1 833 YTL olarak tahmin edilmi!tir. #!gücü maliyeti; ücret ödemeleri, ücretli çal!ana yaplan di"er ödemeler (ikramiye, prim gibi her ay yaplmayan düzensiz ödemeler, ayni yardm ödemeleri ve tasarruf sandklarna yaplan ödemeler), sosyal güvenlik ödemeleri ve di"er i!gücü maliyeti ödemeleri olarak dört ana grupta incelendi"inde, i!gücü maliyeti içinde en büyük pay ücret ödemelerinin olu!turdu"u görülmektedir. Bu pay 2008 ylnda %75.4 olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Ücretli çal!ana yaplan di"er ödemelerin i!gücü maliyeti içindeki pay 2008 ylnda %6.3 olarak tahmin edilmi!tir. Sosyal güvenlik ödemelerinin i!gücü maliyeti içindeki oran ise %17.6 olarak gerçekle!mi!tir. Di"er i!gücü maliyeti ödemelerinin pay %0.6’dr. Aylk ortalama i!gücü maliyeti, ekonomik faaliyet kolu ayrmnda incelendi"inde 2008 yl verilerine göre, en yüksek i!gücü maliyeti 4 264 YTL ile “mali arac kurulu!larn faaliyeti” sektöründedir. Bu sektörü 3 593 YTL ile “elektrik, gaz, buhar ve scak su üretimi ve da"tm“ sektörü izlemektedir. 2008 ylnda aylk ortalama i!gücü maliyetinin en dü!ük oldu"u sektör 1 055 YTL ile “in!aat” sektörüdür. Bu sektörü 1 254 YTL ile “oteller ve lokantalar” sektörü izlemektedir. !#gücü maliyeti endeksi Kazanç ve kazanç d! i!gücü maliyeti kalemlerinin tümündeki saatlik de"i!imi gösteren 2008 temel yll saatlik i!gücü maliyeti endeksi, 2011 yl II. Döneminde kapsanan tüm sektörlerde, bir önceki yln ayn dönemine göre %9.6 artm!tr. Sektörel ayrmda incelendi"inde endeks de"erlerindeki yllk art! oranlarnn; sanayi sektöründe %8.7, in!aat sektöründe %12.9 ve hizmet sektöründe %10.3 oldu"u görülmektedir. Saatlik i!gücü maliyeti endeksinde 2011 yl II. Döneminde bir önceki yln ayn dönemine göre en yüksek art! %14.6 ile J (bilgi ve ileti!im) sektöründe gerçekle!mi!tir. Bu dönemde bir önceki yln ayn dönemine göre saatlik i!gücü maliyeti endeksindeki en dü!ük art! ise %3.3 ile D (elektrik, gaz, buhar ve iklimlendirme üretimi ve da"tm) sektöründedir. 36 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Labour Cost Labour cost Monthly average labour cost is 1 833 TRY for the reference year 2008. As the components of labour cost is listed as wage payments, other payments to employees (irregular payments like bonuses and premiums which are not paid in each month, in kind payments and payments made to employee’s saving schemes), social security payments and other labour cost payments, it is observed that the greatest share within labour cost attributes to wage payments. This share is estimated as 75.4% in 2008. The share of other payments to employees is estimated as 6.3% in 2008. The share of social security payments within labour cost is realized as 17.6% and the proportion of other labour cost payments is observed as 0.6% in 2008. As the monthly average labour cost is investigated by economic activity of the establishment, the highest labour cost is observed in nancial intermediation economic activity in 2008 with the gures 4 264 TRY respectively. This sector is followed by electricity, gas and water supply sector 3 593 TRY in 2008. The lowest monthly average labour cost pertained to the construction sector with 1 055 TRY in 2008. This sector is followed by hotels and restaurants sector with 1 254 TRY in 2008. Labour cost index Hourly labour cost index with the base year of 2008 showing the hourly changes in whole labour cost items rose by 9.6% in the second quarter of 2011 compared to same quarter of the previous year for the total of covered economic activities. The breakdown by economic activity shows that this increase was 8.7% for industry sector, 12.9% for construction sector and 10.3% for services sector. The highest increase in hourly labour cost index was in economic activity J (information and communication) with 14.6% in the second quarter of 2011 compared to same quarter of the previous year. The lowest increase in hourly labour cost index was observed in economic activity D (electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply) with 3.3% in this quarter, compared to same quarter of the previous year. Saatlik i#gücü maliyeti endeksi - Hourly labour cost index (2008=100) Ekonomik faaliyet Y!l I.Dönem II.Dönem III.Dönem IV.Dönem Economic activity (NACE Rev.2) Year 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Toplam - Total 2009 108.0 107.0 108.7 111.7 2010 114.1 115.0 121.0 123.2 2011 123.8 126.0 Sanayi - Industry 2009 109.0 106.4 108.8 111.4 2010 112.4 113.1 121.4 122.7 2011 121.7 123.0 !n#aat - Construction 2009 112.3 112.3 112.3 116.0 2010 121.5 122.6 124.3 128.8 2011 134.4 138.5 Hizmet - Services 2009 104.4 106.5 107.4 111.1 2010 115.3 116.2 119.2 122.3 2011 124.8 128.2 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 37 Bilim, Teknoloji ve Bilgi Toplumu Ara#t!rma-Geli#tirme (Ar-Ge) faaliyetleri Türkiye’de Gayri Sa Yurtiçi Ar-Ge harcamasnn Gayri Sa Yurtiçi Hasla (GSY#H) içindeki pay 2009 ylnda ‰8.5’tir. Gayri Sa Yurtiçi Ar-Ge harcamas 2009 ylnda 8 087 milyon TL olarak hesaplanm!tr. Ar-Ge harcamas sektörlere göre incelendi"inde; 2009 ylnda Ar-Ge harcamalarnn %47.4’ü yüksekö"retim, %40.0’ ticari kesim ve %12.6’s kamu kesimi tarafndan gerçekle!tirilmi!tir. 2009 ylnda Tam Zaman E!de"eri (TZE) cinsinden toplam 73 521 Ar-Ge personeli çal!m!tr. Teknolojik yenilik faaliyetleri 2006-2008 yllar sanayi sektöründe 10 ve daha fazla çal!an olan giri!imlerin %34.2’sinin teknolojik yenilik faaliyeti yürüttü"ü tespit edilmi!tir. Hizmet sektöründe 10 ve daha fazla çal!an olan giri!imlerin teknolojik yenilik yapma oran ise %23.2’dir. Hanehalk! bili#im teknolojileri kullan!m! 2011 yl Nisan ay içerisinde gerçekle!tirilen Hanehalk Bili!im Teknolojileri Kullanm Ara!trmas sonuçlarna göre hanelerin %42.9’u #nternete eri!im imkanna sahiptir. ADSL %34.5 ile tüm haneler, %80.2 ile #nternet kullanlan haneler arasnda #nternet eri!im imkan sa"lamaktadr. 16-74 ya! grubundaki hanehalk bireylerinin bilgisayar ve #nternet kullanm oranlar srasyla %46.4 ve %45.0’dr. Bilgisayar ve #nternet kullanm orannn en yüksek oldu"u ya! grubu 16-24’tür. Giri#imlerde bili#im teknolojileri kullan!m! 2010 yl Ocak aynda giri!imlerde bilgisayar kullanm ve #nternet eri!imi oranlar srasyla %92.3 ve %90.9 olarak tespit edilmi!tir. 250 ve daha fazla çal!an olan giri!imlerde #nternet eri!imi %98.4 iken, 10-49 çal!an olan giri!imlerde bu oran %89.7’dir. Giri!imlerin interneti kullanma amaçlar ço"unlukla bankaclk ve nansal hizmetlere yöneliktir. 38 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Science, Technology and Information Society Research-Development (R&D) activities In Turkey, share of Gross Domestic Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD) in GDP was 8.5 per thousand in 2009. GERD in Turkey was 8 087 million TL in 2009. In 2009, 47.4% of R&D expenditure was performed by higher education sector, 40.0% by business enterprises comprising state economic enterprises and private sector and 12.6% by government. According to the survey results, total number of R&D personnel (full time equivalent) worked in 2009 was 73 521. Technological innovation activities 34.2% of total enterprises with at least 10 employees operating in industry sector engaged in technological innovation activity in 2006-2008. 23.2% of total enterprises at least 10 employees operating in services sector engaged in technological innovation activity. ICT usage in households According to the results of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Usage Survey on Households and Individuals carried out in April 2011, 42.9% of households have access to the Internet at home. ADSL was used to access the Internet 34.5 per cent of all households and 80.2 per cent of households with Internet access. According to the results of research 46.4% of individuals in 16-74 age group use computer, while 45.0% of individuals in 16-74 age group access to the Internet. The highest proportion of computer and Internet usage was at 16-24 age group. ICT usage in enterprises 92.3% of enterprises used computer in January, 2010. 90.9% of enterprises had access to the Internet. 98.4% of enterprises with 250 or more persons employed had Internet access compared with 89.7% of the smallest sized enterprises (10-49). The main reasons for using the internet were banking and nancial services. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 39 Ya#am Memnuniyeti Bireylerin mutluluk, umut ve beklentileri 2010 yl Ya!am Memnuniyeti Ara!trmas verilerine göre, okur-yazar olmayan bireylerin içinde mutlu oldu"unu belirtenlerin oran %56.5, üniversite/yüksekokul mezunu bireylerin içinde mutlu olduklarn belirtenlerin oran %67.7’dir. 2010 ylnda kadnlarn %67.9’u, erkeklerin %64’ü kendi geleceklerinden umutlu olduklarn belirtmi!lerdir. 2011 ylnda genel olarak hayatnn daha iyi olaca"n ifade eden bireylerin oran %32.8, daha kötü olaca"n ifade edenlerin oran %9.2’dir. Genel olarak hayatlarnn ayn olaca"n söyleyenlerin oran %43.6, bu konuda kri olmayanlarn oran ise %14.4’tür. Kamu hizmetlerinden memnuniyet 2010 ylnda, ba"l olduklar sosyal güvenlik kurumunun verdi"i hizmetlerden memnun veya çok memnun olduklarn belirten bireylerin oran %54.9’dur. Genel olarak sa"lk hizmetlerinden memnuniyet %73.1’dir. Aile sa"l" merkezleri %73.2 ile hizmetlerinden en çok memnun olunan sa"lk kurulu!udur. Genel olarak e"itim hizmetlerinden memnuniyet %57.7’dir. Bireylerin %77.1’i asayi! hizmetlerinden, %34.6’s adli sistemin verdi"i hizmetlerden memnun oldu"unu belirtmi!tir. Aile Yap!s! Ara#t!rmas!, 2006 2006 Aile Yaps Ara!trmas verilerine göre, erkeklerin %39.6’snn, kadnlarn %80.2’sinin üzerine kaytl gayrimenkul ya da motorlu ta!t bulunmamaktadr. Evlenmelerin ya! yaps incelendi"inde kadnlarn ve erkeklerin ço"unun 18-24 ya! grubunda evlendi"i, 30 ve daha yukar ya!larda evlenenlerin paynn hzla azald" görülmektedir. Türkiye genelinde, evlenirken ba!lk paras verilme oran %16.8’dir. Krsal yerlerde bu oran %23.5, kentsel yerlerde %13’tür. Türkiye genelinde 18 ve üzeri ya!ta evli bireyler içinde akraba evlili"i yapanlarn oran %20.9’dur. Bu oran Güneydo"u Anadolu Bölgesinde %40.4’tür. 40 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Life Satisfaction Happiness, hopes and expectations of individuals According to 2010 Life Satisfaction Survey, among the individuals who are illiterate, 56.5% are happy, and among the university or college graduates, 67.7% are happy. In 2010, 67.9% of the females and 64% of the males expressed that they are hopeful for their own future. The share of individuals who expressed that their lives in general would be better in 2011 is 32.8%, the ones who expressed that their lives would be worse is 9.2%. The share of individuals who expressed that their lives in general would be same is 43.6% and the ones who have no idea about this is 14.4%. Satisfaction from public services In 2010, the share of individuals who mentioned that they are satised or very satised with social security services is 54.9%. The share of individuals who are satised with the health services in general is 73.1%. The share of the individuals who are satised with the health services given by family health centers is 73.2%. Satisfaction from education services is 57.7%. 77.1% of the individuals is satised with public security services, and 34.6% of the individuals is satised with the services given by judicial system. Family Structure Survey, 2006 According to 2006 Family Structure Survey, 39.6% of the males and 80.2% of the females expressed that they do not have any landed property or motor vehicles. When marriages are examined by age groups, the marriages of female and male population are mostly at 18-24 age groups, this ratio decreases rapidly at 30 years of age and over population. The ratio of bride’s price is 16.8% in Turkey. While bride’s price ratio 23.5% for rural areas, this ratio is 13% for urban areas. The ratio of marriage with close relatives is 20.9% for 18 years of age and over population in Turkey. This ratio is 40.4% for South East Anatolia Region. TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 41 Tüketici Güven Endeksi Tüketici güveni Endeks 0 ile 200 aral"nda de"erler almaktadr. Endeksin 100’den büyük olmas tüketici güveninde iyimser durum, 100’den küçük olmas tüketici güveninde kötümser durum, 100 olmas ise tüketici güveninde ne iyimser ne de kötümser durum oldu"unu göstermektedir. Tüketici güven endeksi 2011 ylnn Temmuz aynda bir önceki aya göre %1.64 orannda azalarak 96.42’den 94.83’e dü!mü!tür. Güven endeksindeki dü!ü!, tüketicilerin gelecek dönem satn alma gücü, gelecek dönem genel ekonomik durum, gelecek dönem i! bulma olanaklar ile mevcut dönemin dayankl tüketim mal satn almak için uygunlu"u durumlarna ait de"erlendirmelerinin kötüle!mesinden kaynaklanmaktadr. Tüketici güven endeksinin alt kalemlerine bakld"nda; Temmuz 2011’de bir önceki aya göre; bireylerin alt ay öncesine göre !u andaki satn alma gücü endeksi %0.09 art!la 90.25’e yükselmi!, bireylerin gelecek alt aylk dönemdeki satn alma gücüyle ilgili beklenti endeksi %1.09 dü!ü!le 92.47’ye, bireylerin gelecek üç aylk dönemde Türkiye’nin genel ekonomik durumuna ili!kin beklenti endeksi %1.68 dü!ü!le 98.51’e, bireylerin gelecek alt aylk dönemde Türkiye’de i! bulma olanaklarna ili!kin beklenti endeksi %2.60 dü!ü!le 95.55’e, mevcut dönemin dayankl tüketim mal satn almak için uygunlu"u endeksi ise %2.74 dü!ü!le 97.38’e gerilemi!tir. 42 TÜ!K, Rakamlar Ne Diyor? 2011 Consumer Tendencies Consumer con"dence The index is evaluated between 0 and 200. It indicates an optimistic outlook when the index is above 100, but pessimistic outlook when it is below 100, 100 refers to neither optimistic nor pessimistic outlook. The Consumer Condence Index, which was 96.42 in June 2011, decreased by 1.64% compared to the previous month and became 94.83 in July 2011. The decrease in the Consumer Condence Index stemmed from the deterioration in consumers’ assessments concerning purchasing power in the next period, general economic situation in the next period, job opportunities in the next period and buying time condition of durable goods in the present period. At the sub-indices of consumer condence; in July 2011, purchasing power index in the present period (90.25) increased by 0.09%, purchasing power index over the six months (92.47), general economic situation index over the next three months (98.51), job opportunities index (95.55) and buying time condition of durable goods index in the present period (97.38) decreased by 1.09%, 1.68%, 2.60% and 2.74% respectively compared to the previous month. Tüketici güven endeksi ve alt kalemleri Consumer condence index and sub-indices 2011 01 02 03 04 Tüketici Güven Endeksi Consumer Condence Index Sat!n alma gücü (mevcut dönem) Purchasing power (present) Sat!n alma gücü (gelecek dönem) Purchasing power (next 6 months) Genel ekonomik durum (gelecek dönem) General economic situation (next 3 months) !# bulma olanaklar! (gelecek dönem) Job opportunities (next 6 months) Mevcut dönemin dayan!kl! tüketim mal! sat!n almak için uygunlu"u Buying time condition of durable goods (present) 05 06 07 91.29 93.56 93.43 93.46 92.85 96.42 94.83 84.03 85.82 86.65 87.00 87.21 90.17 90.25 89.18 91.09 91.51 90.70 90.61 93.48 92.47 90.87 93.24 92.51 93.33 93.08 100.19 98.51 92.14 92.92 93.07 92.88 93.73 98.10 95.55 100.21 104.74 103.40 103.38 99.63 100.13 97.38 TurkStat, What the Figures Say 2011 43
