here. - MUNTR 2017

Transkript

here. - MUNTR 2017

North Atlantic Treaty
Organization
Member State Index & Profiles (2049)
Prepared by the DIRECTORATE OF CRISIS of MUNTR 2015
2-6 MARCH ANTALYA, TURKEY
ALBANIA
Conventional Long Form: Republic of Albania
Conventional Short Form: Albania
Local Long Form: Republika e Shqiperise
Local Short Form: Shqiperia
Former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Albanian(s)
Albanian
Greek
Adjective: Albanian
Other
Population: 3.4 Million
Unspecified
II.
LANGUAGES
Albanian 98.8% (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek 0.5%, other 0.6% (including
Macedonian, Roma, Vlach, Turkish, Italian, and Serbo-Croatian), unspecified 0.1%
Literacy Rate: 97.7%
B. INTRODUCTION
From its independence in 1912 from the Ottoman Empire and regaining of the country after
concurrence of Italy and Germany by the communist partisans, to date 2049, Albania has
faced variety of regimes. Ending the xenophobic communist rule enduring for over half a
decade and settling up for a democracy in the early 2000s, the transition became tradition in
the country. Current administration of Albania is the ruling body namely, “Socialist Party of
Albania. The political restoration in the country towards socialism is met gratefully by mostly
Russian Federation, though not in that degree within the Alliance. Although many criticisms,
collapse of pyramid schemes of the country brought stability to society and the Albanian
Parliament.
Previously mentioned renovation in the country was recognized by the European Union as
well. Reassuring the European community with regards to the 12 key conditions set forth by
the European Commission, that were required to be met in order to obtain an official
candidate status for the EU, Albania became an official candidate to the EU in 2018.
C. GOVERNMENT
The coalition government in early 2010s left its place to a successive government led by
Prime Minister Ardit Xemal. Efforts to adapt the socialist regime brought problems of
unemployment, dilapidated infrastructure and combative political opponents However, the
widespread corruption dissolved as well as the organized crimes in the country. Albanian
parliament is represented by the Alliance of Socialists of Albania by 77/140 and the Alliance
of Democrats of Albania by 63/140.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Socialist Democracy
II.
POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS & LEADERS
a. Omonia
b. Albanian Trade Union
c. Liberal Democracy Party
D. ECONOMY
Continuing the free market capitalism policies, Albania’s economy grew stronger between
2014 and 2030. From that year till now, the country’s GDP has grown up to 72.05 billion $
but it stil holds the position as on of the poorest of Europe. Government invesments though
are almost duplicated in the last decade in favor of development of infrastructure, energy
industry and university education.
E. MILITARY
I. MILITARY BRANCHES
a. Land Forces Command
b. Navy Force Command
c. Air Forces Command
d. Cyber-Defence Command
F. POSITION IN NATO
Albania joined the Alliance in 2009 and ever since is holding a steady position towards
dynamics of the organization. Being a member of the the UN, the OSCE, the Council of
Europe and many other international organizations, Albania owes to the overwhelming public
support for NATO by its population, Country remains ready to comply with the general
consent of the Alliance.
Albania’s stance within the NATO is mostly shaped by the will for regional and international
harmony, to be achieved through rational and balancing methods instead of the accentuating
of distinctions between and building of blocs although its transition to a socialist section.
G. TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
I.
DISPUTES
Albania’s current priorities relating to its foreign policy, focus on enhancing regional
cooperation for the most part. Within this context, finding a right balance between the
recognition of and the disputes stemming from the recognition of Kosovo and regional
cooperation is one of the challenging matters faced by Albania.
On the last remark, it should also be underlined that the malcontent expressed by the Greek
and Macedonian minorities within the country have caught the attention of international nongovernmental organizations, as well as the Council of Europe which has issued reports on
minority rights in Albania in September 2032 and April 2040. Furthermore, the 2039
European Commission Progress Report on Albania has addressed the issue. In brief, the
international arena expects more inclusive governance, especially at the local level.
II.
REFUGEES
Stateless persons: 11,749 (2048 measures)
Albania is currenlty a country subject to men, women and children trafficking within its
borders, in Greece, Italy and UK. Thye problem in Macedonia and Netherlands dissolved in
time by bilateral measures but the problem of sex trafficking and forced labour remains in
Greece, Italy and UK.
AUSTRALIA
Official Name: Commonwealth of
Australia
Conventional short form: Australia
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
noun: Australian(s)
adjective: Australian
Population: 2,070,000
Australia has approximately 55 million inhabitants consisting mainly of native Australians.
Nonetheless, Yugoslavs, Germans and Turks along with numerous foreign people also live
under the same flag. Despite having a wide spectrum of cultures and individuals, Australia
maintains an azure social composition.
II.
ETHNIC GROUPS
Through the last two decades and after the marked influence of the Liberal Party on the
country, Australians have increased in population, constituting 86% of the total population.
Nevertheless, people of other nationalities along with seasonal tourists also reside in the
country.
III.
LANGUAGES
Although Australia did not have any
official language since 2024, Australian
English
Mandarin
Italian
Arabic
English which constitutes a distinct variety of
Greek
English, was officially designated as the
Cantonese
official language of the country in 2024 with
Vietnamese
the campaign of the right wing parties in the
Other
Unspecified
Parliament.
English 76.8%, Mandarin 1.6%, Italian 1.4%, Arabic 1.3%, Greek 1.2%,
Cantonese 1.2%, Vietnamese 1.1%, other 10.4%, unspecified 5%
B. INTRODUCTION
Australia officially became a member state of NATO in 2025 and preserved its firm stance
since then. Previously, Australia was considered as a major non-NATO ally (MNNA) yet the
deliberations confirmed its actual existence within the organization. In 2049, Australia is a
developed country and considered among the richest and most developed countries in
international arena.
C. GOVERNMENT
Australia is governed with constitutional monarchy. The current prime minister is Ruby Grace
who is a member of the central right wing party Liberal Party of Australia. Subsequently,
Liberal Party occupies 32 seats in the parliament with 76 seats. The country is observed to
have closer politics to the US after the involvement in NATO.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Federal Parliamentary Democracy and a Commonwealth Realm
II.
business groups,
environmental groups,
trade unions
D. ECONOMY
With the 14th biggest economy in the world, Australia is considered among the prosperous
states. Additionally, its long-term services mainly banking and mining-related exports account
for the major part of its national income.
E. MILITARY
Australia spares 2.13% of its GDP for military expenditures and the percentage has been
gradually increasing since its membership in NATO. Furthermore, there is an almost perfect
balance in female and male distribution of military personnel and women are allowed to serve
in most combat roles.
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Australian Defense Force (ADF): Australian Army; Royal Australian Navy
(includes Naval Aviation Force); Royal Australian Air Force; Joint Operations
Command (JOC)
F. ENERGY
As both a consumer and significant supplier of electricity, Australia heavily relies on natural
gas and electricity while importing crude oil. The country has not yet stepped markedly
forward in nuclear energy formations.
I.
DISPUTES
Indonesians frequently challenged Australia’s interest and claim to Ashmore Reef
since it is a reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing. The issue is yet to be solved.
II.
REFUGEES
After the operation in Afghanistan in 2013, the country has only received negligible
amounts of refugees yet the Afghani Australian Refugees still inhabit and sustain their lives
within the Australian territory.
III.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Considering the impact of NATO membership, the illicit drug issue in Tasmania is
mostly under the strict control measures by the government yet the transport of cocaine and
other derivatives of amphetamines is known to be illegally existent.
BELGIUM
Conventional Long Form: Kingdom of
Belgium
Conventional Short Form: Belgium
Local Long Form: Royaume de Belgique (French)/Koninkrijk Belgie
(Dutch)/Koenigreich Belgien (German)
Local Short Form: Belgique/Belgie/Belgien
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
noun: Belgian(s)
adjective: Belgian
The population of Belgium has reached 12.1 million with an approximation of 45 as
the median age of the total population. In addition, the literacy rate is 99.97% astonishing the
international community of the success of the amalgam of education and culture. On the
other hand, the population is designated to be growing extremely slow hitting the 190th place
among all the states in the world.
II.
ETHNIC GROUPS
Flemish and Walloon ethnicities are the two major groups in the country.
Turks and Moroccans are negligibly dispersed in this combination and there exists almost no
internal disputes between people of different ethnicities.
III.
LANGUAGES
In support of the absolutely literate population of the country, Dutch, French and German
hold their positions as three equal official
languages.
In
addition,
bilingual
and
Dutch
trilingual citizens constitute the majority of
the population.
French
German
Dutch (official) 58%, French (official)
38%, German (official) 3%, legally
Bilingual
bilingual (Dutch and French) 1%
B. INTRODUCTION
The Kingdom of Belgium prospers in 2049 as a European state and an ally of NATO. The
modern and technological composure of the state is still existent.
C. GOVERNMENT
Belgian Government is led by Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten, which goes
slightly independent of the Christian Democrat trend all over Europe. Nevertheless, the
preference of Belgians is considered as a variety rather than non-conformism.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Federal Parliamentary Democracy Under a Constitutional Monarc hy
II.
Federation of Enterprises in Belgium
Confederation of Christan Trade Unions
Belgian General Federation of Labor
D. ECONOMY
The economy of Belgium is private-enterprise-based and has capitalized on its central
geographic location, highly developed transport network, and diversified industrial and
commercial base. Considering the scarcity of natural resources, the country is known for its
raw material imports corresponding to its manufacture exports.
E. MILITARY
Belgium shares roughly 1% of its national GDP to military expenditures and has an almost
perfect balance of gender in Belgian Armed Forces.
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Belgian Armed Forces: Land Operations Co mmand, Naval Operations Command,
Air Operations Command (2012)
F. ENERGY
Belgium is a natural gas and electricity importer and does not heavily depend on the
technology of renewable energy resources. Nevertheless, the country is the second biggest
electricity producer from nuclear plants.
I.
DISPUTES
In the mid-twenty first century, Belgium has no international disputes along with
almost any national disputes.
II.
REFUGEES
Belgium constitutes a home state for 4,145 stateless persons with versatile legal rights
allowing them to reside securely and peacefully within the country.
III.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Unfortunately, Belgium has not yet maintained control over illicit synthetic drug
traffic to United States and seen as a source of precursor chemicals for American and African
cocaine production.
BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA
Conventional long form: none
Conventional
short
form: Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Local long form: none
Local short form: Bosna i Hercegovina
Former: People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Socialist Republic of Bosnia and
Herzegovina
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONAITY
noun: Bosnian(s), Herzegovinian(s)
adjective: Bosnian, Herzegovinian
Bosnian
Croatian
Serbian
II.
LANGUAGES
Bosnian %56,4 (official), Croatian %32,8 (official), Serbian %11,2(official)
B. INTRODUCTION
Having declared independence from the former Yugoslavia in 1992, Bosnia and Herzegovina
is a member of the Alliance holding multi ethnic groups underneath its borders. Early 2010s
were rather difficult for Bosnia and Herzegovina. In early 2014, government buildings were
set on fire and thousands of people were on the street in Tuzla, Mostar, Sarajevo and Zenica.
What certain analysts referred to as a Bosnian Spring had been triggered with the workers of
privatized factories which have gone bankrupt and it only took a few weeks for the students
and activists to join the protests. As the anti-government protests spread around the country
with 5 civilians losing their lives in the clashes, the House of Representatives decided to hold
early elections; three elections, namely the elections of the Presidential Council, the
Parliamentary Assembly and Gubernatorial elections, were moved to May from October.
Between the years 2014-2025 the country ameliorated in aspects through passing of strict
anti-corruption laws and their execution, increasing civil participation to local governance
mechanisms such as the Alliance, enhancement of the rule of law. Yet, the remnants of the
ethnic tensions in this former Yugoslavian country, with its unique constitutional design,
began to signal a decrease in its functioning capacities.
It was not until 2025, when the Presidential Council admitted this overtly: the increased
inclusiveness of, especially the local governance began to make it difficult for the execution
to satisfy each section of the nation with all three ethnic components.
Since 2026, the Croat population have been manifestly expressing their dissatisfaction. Croats
all around the Country demonstrate against the government. Even the Croat Presidential
Council members, analysts say, make separatist references.
For the last twenty years, the country seems to have dissolved many of the regional conflicts,
whose impacts though still remain over the society. The memorials for the losses in the
uprisings caused several protests and suppressed by the government. Also having a seat in
Organization for Security and Co-Operation in Europe, Bosnia’s aspirations for a fullmembership to the European Union continue since being granted candidacy in 2023 until
today.
C. GOVERNMENT
After the constitutional reform in the country, the government took shape of a more emerged
republic. The state can be called more centrally managed where the two main entities, namely
the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska, are to be abolished into
cantons and the whole country is governed through a bicameral parliament and one president
determined as a result of general elections.
Parliament is led by the Prime Minister Zlatan Mujo and represented in the Senate by
Bosnian, Serbian and Croat parliamentarians.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Emerging Federal Democratic Republic
II.
i.
War veterans
ii.
Displaced persons associations
iii.
Bosnian family associations of missing persons
iv.
Private press associations
D. ECONOMY
With the economy and the transparency improving in Bosnia & Herzegovina; thus having
their reflections on civilian life, the ballots and public polls still indicated a malcontent among
the nation. Limited market reforms in the country were not sufficient enough for enhancement
of an improved view in the global market. Bosnia & Herzegovina is one of the poorest
European states with 101st place at the GDP ranking by 65.89 Billion $.
Economy mostly depends on export of heavy material industry and transmittance of foreign
aid, as well as limited metals energy.
BULGARIA
Conventional Long Form: Republic of
Bulgaria
Conventional Short Form: Bulgaria
Local Long Form: Republika Balgariya
Local Short Form: Balgariya
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Bulgarian(s)
Adjective: Bulgarian
Bulgarian
Turkish
Roma
Population: 5.7 million
II.
Other
LANGUAGES
Bulgarian (official) 76.8%, Turkish 8.2%, Roma 3.8%, other 0.7%, unspecified
10.5%
Literacy Rate: 986.7 %
B. INTRODUCTION
The Bulgarians, a Central Asian Turkic tribe, merged with the local Slavic
inhabitants in the late 7th century to form the first Bulgarian state. Communist
domination ended in 1990, when Bulgaria held its first multiparty election since
World War II and began the contentious process of moving toward political
democracy and a market economy while combating inflation, unemployment,
corruption, and crime. The country joined NATO in 2004 and the EU in 2007. In
2039, Bulgaria is a geographically significant ally in NATO. As a consequence of
its membership to the EU, Bulgaria was severeley tribulated with the impacts of
2025 European Economic Crisis.
C. GOVERNMENT
President: Андрей Кузман(Andrei Kuzman) (Partido dos Trabalhadores)
Prime Minister: Blagorodna Ognyan ОгнянБлагородна (Partido dos Trabalhadores)
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary Democracy
II.
i.
Confederation of Independent Trade Unions of Bulgaria or
CITUB
ii.
Podkrepa Labor Confederation
other: numerous regional, ethnic, and national interest groups with various
agendas
D. ECONOMY
After being involved in the EU in 2007, Bulgarian economy was jolted by the
global downturn of the time facing diminished domestic demand, exports, capital
inflows and industrial production despite credible efforts of the Bulgarian
government. GDP contracted by 5.5% in 2009, and has been slow to recover in
the years since while placing the country to the 92 nd in the global ranking.
Despite having a favorable investment regime, including low, flat corporate
income taxes, significant challenges remain. Corruption in public administration,
a weak judiciary, and the presence of organized crime continue to hamper the
country's investment climate and economic prospects.
E. MILITARY
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Bulgarian Armed Forces: Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Bulgarian Air Forces
(Bulgarski Voennovazdyshni Sily, BVVS)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Bulgaria joined NATO's Partnership for Peace in 1994 and applied for NATO membership in
1997. During the November 2002 Prague Summit Bulgaria was one of seven former socialist
countries invited to join the Alliance. Bulgaria became a member of NATO in April 2004.
The country is also working toward NATO compatibility in communications and training, and
has established a Peacekeeping Training Center. In 2039, it remains as a preeminent member
yet internal protests against precise conformism to NATO strategies continue in the country.
I.
REFUGEES
After the Arab Spring, Bulgaria was exposed to concretion of Syrian and
Palestinian refugees along with numerous stateless persons. However, the
position of Europe towards the issue exacerbated the country from such a
corruptive involvement except for negligibly ineffective populations.
II.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Bulgaria is a major European transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin
and, to a lesser degree, vulnerable to money laundering because of corruption,
organized crime; some mone y laundering of drug-related proceeds through
financial institutions
E.
MILITARY
Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (AFBiH): Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Air
and Air Defence Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina
F. POSITION IN NATO
The NATO Membership Action Plan (MAP) was fulfilled promptly, leading to one of the
fastest accessions to the Alliance in 2017. Via NATO MAP and the privileges the Alliance
offers its Members as well as the Members’ duty to maintain a certain standard in this area,
the security within Bosnia and Herzegovina was able to remain steady.
The civil unrest in the country resulted in a NATO involvement in 2033.
The newly elected Presidency led to a concrete relief with regards to the civil unrest, while
also achieving to commence the registration of immovable defense properties to the State
which was NATO’s pre-condition in the admission process.
All in all, although she has problems with regards to internal affairs, Bosnia and Herzegovina
is known for being a contributing Ally, with her nation having a positive attitude towards the
Euro-Atlantic aspirations; and with friendly neighborly relations except for Croatia for
allegedly Croatia supports the Croat movement within Bosnia.
CANADA
Conventional long form: None
Conventional short form: Canada
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
English
French
I.
NATIONAITY
Punjabi
Italian
Noun: Canadian(s)
Spanish
Adjective: Canadian
German
Cantonese
Population: 48,4 Million
Tagalog
Arabic
II.
LANGUAGES
Other
English (official) 58.7%, French (official) 22%, Punjabi 1.4%, Italian 1.3%, Spanish 1.3%,
German 1.3%, Cantonese 1.2%, Tagalog 1.2%, Arabic 1.1%, other 10.5%
Literacy Rate:99.9%
B. INTRODUCTION
Gaining independence from dominance of the British crown in 1867, Canada is a stable, yet
dominant country residing on the overseas lands. It is a multi-ethnic nation and a recognized
country for many international platforms and organizations.
Country has been a member of the OECD, the UN, the Organization of American States, the
G-8 and since its very inception, NATO. As of 2040; Canada’s population consist of almost
19.8% ethnic Asians. Even though the fertility rate, 1.59 births per women in 2039, is
considerably low, the population of Canada is on the rise due to the high amount of
immigration towards the country. Ranking 4th in the education index, the quality of the
education given at universities and postgraduate programmes act as one of the main elements
that attract immigrants.
Although the national prosperity is undeniably maintained, Canada still faces challenges such
as meeting public demand in education, infrastructure and social services. Predominance of
francophone Quebec, on the other hand constitutes a drawback for Canadian dominance over
its territory.
C. GOVERNMENT
As mentioned in above, issue of Quebec remains as a problem on the agenda of Canadian
Government since 2020. Independence seeking process of Quebec caused disaccords in the
parliament several times, therefore reflecting the society. Tensions in the Quebec and the
neighbouring regions raised in 2024, 2038 and recently in 2047 to a great degree. In 2040, a
referendum was held in Quebec, questioning the will of the people for a separate, sovereign
Quebec. 49.2% of Quebec’s population voted in favour of separation, showing the will of the
half to separate but turning al ost from the edge. After decision to remain as part of the
country, protests eased on the societal dimension, but debates i the parliament remained.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
II.
i.
Federation for Sovereign Quebec
ii.
Business Groups
iii.
Francophone
iv.
Environmentalists
v.
Trade Unions
D. ECONOMY
In 2010s Canada was among the ten strongest economies in the world according to many
international financial institutions; ranked 8th or 9th during 2010s. However, with the
growing household debt of the public and lack of innovative advancements; the rank of
Canada decreased to 15th in 2020s. The downtrend slowed down but not perished for the last
two decades. Currently, country holds the 17th position in the ranking of GDPs world-wide
by 2,665.38 Billion $.
Canadian investments are mainly focused on oil reserve investigations in the outer ocean
which met protests of environmentalist groups and health industry mostly for fighting against
the Red Horse epidemic together with the US.
E. MILITARY
Canadian Army, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force, Canada Cyber-Command
F. POSITION IN NATO
Canada has been a member of the Alliance since its establishment. Although the country is
not a dominant voice, especially plays active role in enhancement of cooperation and security
in the North Atlantic duties of the Alliance. Canada’s foreign policy and stance within NATO
in especial, remain unchanged for the most part.
Country’s decisions mostly carry parallelism with the US’s, especially on the situation of the
Islamic State. Recent communique released stating necessity of serious defense measures
against the IS threat were prepared mostly on the efforts of both countries and passed
unanimously.
G. ENERGY
Canada’s commitment to the environment fell back in the last years with shortage of energy
sources. Therefore the statement of “Canada’s green growth and sustainable development
policies are balanced with its current petroleum production” is not a valid argument. With the
world’s third largest oil reserves, Canada currently strives to be one of the leading countries
dealing with petroleum production.. In this regard, the global warming seem to be in benefit
for Canada; with the Northwest Passage available for transportation for the most the year as a
considerable portion of the ice-layer has melted, Canada’s oil transfer is highly enhanced.
H. TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
I. DISPUTES
Furthermore, the Passage that came into the picture after melting down of the Northern
glaciers, proposing a route considerably shorter than Panama is becoming more and more
useful for foreign ships to pass between the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans. Dispute over the
status of the Passage between Canada and the EU continue.
CROATIA
Conventional long form: Republic of Croatia
Conventional short form: Croatia
Local long form: Republika Hrvatska
Local short form: Hrvatska
Former: People's Republic of Croatia, Socialist Republic of Croatia
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONAITY
noun: Croat(s), Croatian(s)
Croatian
Serbian
adjective: Croatian
Other
Unspecified
II.
LANGUAGES
Croatian (official) 95.6%, Serbian 1.2%, other 3%, unspecified 0.2%
Literacy Rate: %97.7
B. INTRODUCTION
Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 and cleared it lands from Serb armies
completely in 1995. Since the Croatian-UN cooperation in emigration of Serb population
from the territory, country built strong relations with international organizations such as the
UN, EU and NATO in particular. It is an active participant in the UN peacekeeping forces and
NATO-led operations and missions.
With its strategic location by the Mediterranean Sea, Croatia constitutes great importance in
military, economic and political means.
C. GOVERNMENT
Croatian separatist movement in the late 2020s met criticisms and discontent in the Alliance
mostly from the US. Though, transition into a more dictating central administration brought
dissolvent of contrarian campaigns against government reforms. The seats in the congress are
allocated four major parties; Croatian Democratic Union, Croatian People's Party, Social
Democratic Party of Croatia and Labor Party.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
II.
i.
Human rights groups
ii.
Federation for labor groups
iii.
Trade unions
D. ECONOMY
Housing investments increased in numbers in the last decade from the Belgian, Dutch and the
Germans on the coastlines.
As one of the wealthiest countries of the former Yugoslavia, Croatia showed an outstanding
development performance between years 2020-2030. The State was considered among the
rare European economies that grows sustainably among the authorities, yet currently is the
87th with 77.98 Billion $ in the latest global GDP ranking, making it among the ten EU
member states with the least amount of GDP per capita within the Alliance. The main growthgenerating sector is tourism, accounting for 25% of the total GDP with an ever increasing
rate.
Customs and trade revenues are considered vital for improvement of the national economy.
E. MILITARY
Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (Oruzane Snage Republike Hrvatske, OSRH)
consists of five major commands directly subordinate to a General Staff: Ground Forces
(Hrvatska Kopnena Vojska, HKoV), Naval Forces (Hrvatska Ratna Mornarica, HRM;
includes coast guard), Air Force and Air Defense Command (Hrvatsko Ratno Zrakoplovstvo I
Protuzracna Obrana), Joint Education and Training Command, Logistics Command; Military
Police Force supports each of the three Croatian military forces.
F. POSITION IN NATO
The country joined NATO in April 2009 and ever since is represented actively in the NATOled operations especially on missions held in the Mediterranean peninsula. Croatia has also
been considerably supportive of NATO’s stance in the international arena that embraces the
Responsibility to Protect.
CZECH REPUBLIC
Conventional long form: Czech Republic
Conventional short form: Czech Republic
Local long form: Ceska republika
Local short form: Cesko
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONAITY
Noun: Czech(s)
Czech
Slovak
Adjective: Czech
II.
LANGUAGES
Czech 95.4%, Slovak 1.6%, other 3%
Other
B. INTRODUCTION
After the World War I, the Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire
merged to form Czechoslovakia. Czech Republic gained independence from Czechoslovakia
on the eve of World War II when Germany invaded the region as today’s Czech Republic.
Czech Republic currently remains pro-European in the meantime intensifying its cooperation
with the rest of the ‘Visegrad Four’ states, Slovakia, Hungary and Poland while on some
instances opposing the United Kingdom regarding economic policies in the EU. Yet, it
remains active on the international arena, raising its voice in the last decades.
Country is facing multiple problems regarding its population; firstly it is aging, 56% of the
population is over 65. Secondly, the overall population growth rate is -1.5%, and the
government has been following policies aiming to increase the population, however with
little success.
C. GOVERNMENT
Led by the President Milan Marek of the Christian and Democratic Union, has been a
supporter of enhanced relations with the European Union and has been mediator in signing of
multiple treaties regarding military and technical cooperation. Czech parliamentary system
accommodates multiple sights and country is one of the rare parliamentary systems
recognizing independents in the chamber. Nearly equal allocation of the seats in the senate
indicates representation of different blocs at a draw level.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Socialist Democracy
II.
None
D. ECONOMY
The landlocked European State has become a stable economy in the neighboring geography
holding 54th place in the global GDP ranking by 277.017 Billion $. Country’s economy
continues its steady growth and relies heavily on transportation equipment. In 2041, President
Marek conducted the ceremonial first ride of the uber-speed train between Prague and
Bratislava, built with the common efforts of Slovak and Czech governments. Trial was the
first the application of uber speed transportation technology in Europe and the Middle East.
Above all, Czech Republic established strong relations with Germany, particularly due to
advanced economic integration between the two countries, as well as the latter's direct
investments in the former.
E. MILITARY
Army of the Czech Republic (Armada Ceske Republiky): Joint Cyber Forces Command
F. POSITION IN NATO
The Czech Republic became member of the Alliance in 1999 and ever since carries out a
steady indulge towards the decisions of it. In the last two decades, country involved more in
the decision making process with its developing military actions and involvement in the
Europe as a funder. Czech Republic’s involvement was not only in the policy making; the
country doubled its intelligence contribution to the Organization, therefore taking part in the
NATO missions overseas requiring technological infrastructure.
I.
REFUGEES
Stateless persons: 2,145 (2042 measures)
DENMARK
Conventional Long Form: Kingdom Of
Denmark
Conventional Short Form: Denmark
Local Long Form: Kongeriget Danmark
Local Short Form: Danmark
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Dane(s)
Adjective: Danish
Bulgarian
Roman
Turkish
Other
II.
LANGUAGES
Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic, German and English, English is the predominant
second language.
B. INTRODUCTION
A member of the EU, OSCE and the Council of Europe; Denmark continues to demonstrate
practices that form an example to the international arena with regards to human rights, and
transparent and accountable governance. The Kingdom, in its current status in European
integration, reflects the will of the Danish population which is reluctant in EU-related policies
of the State. Therefore the Kingdom’s opt-outs in fields of (1) citizenship, (2) economic and
monetary union, (3) defense policy, (4)justice and home affairs remain.
Out of the Euro-zone, Denmark faced no major issues in 2010s. Contrary to debates in
Mediterranean countries, Danish social welfare state continues to provide large scale public
services. However, after the debates over the unemployment compensation payment and the
news that exposed some people’s preference not to work since the unemployment
compensation payment was higher than an average income, the Danish government radically
changed the public service provision in the second half of the 2010s. Such an intervention
helped decelerating the indifference towards employment, yet Denmark could not avoid the
severe impacts of the economic crisis in Europe and had to further decrease the level of
provision of public goods.
Denmark has continued to take roles in the western alliances. It is a major humanitarian and
development aid provider in comparison to aid/GDP ratio. Denmark did not face any security
threats, in accordance with its geographical location, except for one to come. With the rising
temperature and the meltdown in the North Pole, new gas and oil reserves will be available
for exploitation, which brings Scandinavian countries face to face with Russia. There have
already been disputes over the exploration and exploitation of the resources. Therefore,
Denmark acts as a committed member of the Alliance and participates in its operations with
any responsible way; in this regard, Denmark’s contribution to Allied Cyber Forces needs to
be commended.
C. GOVERNMENT
Denmark is governed with constitutional monarchy. The leader of the Social Democrats,
Karen Angelo Hækkerup, currently serves as the Prime Minister of the Nation. The Danish
Parliament is majorly occupied by the Social Democrats with 87 seats.
I.
GOVERNMENT TYPE
Constitutional Monarchy
II.
Confederation of Danish Employers or DA
Confederation of Danish Industries
Confederation of Danish Labor Unions (Landsorganisationen) or LO
DaneAge Association
Danish Society for Nature Conservation
D. ECONOMY
Denmark has stepped forward in modern market economy in the last decades,
particularly in pioneer sectors such as pharmaceuticals and renewable energy. Its
stitched bond with the EU exposes the country to all fluctuations within the region
yet enriches the level of foreign trade. With distinctly priv eledged standards of
living, the Danish government is magnanimous in terms of maintaining high
welfare and distributing income equitably. The country is a raw material importer
yet enjoys the surplus of energy and food exports. After the first economic cri sis
in late 2010s, Denmark encountered high level of household indebtness and a
significant drop of consumer confidence, thereby having its aggregate demand
significantly diminished. The impacts of late 2020 European Economic Crisis was
quite similar to those of 2010s except for the exponential ebb of employment and
investment in the country. Most conspicuously, Denmark strengthens its monetary
and political relationships with the EU however encounters relatively more severe
cycles of economic crisis as the relationship improves.
E. MILITARY
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Defense Command
Army Operational Command
Admiral Danish Fleet
Arctic Command
Tactical Air Command
Home Guard
F. POSITION IN NATO
As a founding member of NATO, Denmark has retained its membership since 1949. Of the
five million Danes, roughly 80 percent of the population supports the Danish Armed Forces
and its relationship with NATO. Recruiting for their traditional defense structure has not been
a challenge for Denmark and its retention of troops has provided forces for numerous worldwide operations including KFOR (Kosovo Force), NTMI (NATO Training Mission),
Operation Active Endeavor, Counter-piracy support in the Horn of Africa, AMIS (African
Union Mission in Sudan), and ISAF (International Security Assistance Forces). Seven
hundred Danish Soldiers contributed to NATO efforts in Afghanistan as the objective of the
Danish involvement is to support the building up of an Afghan society that is democratic and
stable. In 2008, Denmark decided to increase its military efforts, bringing the total to 750
Soldiers, making it the largest troop-contributing nation to ISAF as measured per capita.
I.
DISPUTES
The issue of the extension of the continental shelf of the Faroe Islands still
remains as an unsolved conflict between Iceland, Ireland, UK and Denmark .
II.
REFUGEES
Stateless persons: 4,952(2047 census)
ESTONIA
Conventional long form: Republic of Estonia
Conventional short form: Estonia
Local long form: Eesti Vabariik
Local short form: Eesti
Former: Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Estonian(s)
Adjective: Estonian
Estonian
Russian
Ukranian
Other
Unspecified
II.
LANGUAGES
Estonian (official) 68.5%, Russian 29.6%, Ukrainian 0.6%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.1%
B. INTRODUCTION
After living under hegemony of Denmark, Sweden, Germany and Russia, Estonia gained
independence in 1918.Country holds a strategically advantageous location in Europe,
therefore is an important spot for international organizations’ military positioning.
Most significantly, in Cooperative Cyber Defense, which has scheduled a series of training
programs for Member-States especially pursuant to the organizational reform, is currently
residing in the Baltic Republic.
Apart from that, certain incidents are considered to cause ethnic discrimination against
Russian living in Estonia. For instance, the authorities' relocation of a Soviet war memorial
late 2034 sparked angry protests by ethnic Russians in Estonia. In this regard, the EU and
Council of Europe issued a number of statements and reports on minority rights. Although the
protests have not resulted in massive civil unrest, the increasing demand of the Russian
population for indigenous rights have is noteworthy especially from the Council of Europe
perspective.
The State’s significance is maintenance of balance in the Baltic geography, the region and the
international community as a whole.
C. GOVERNMENT
Estonia pursues the origins by sustaining parliamentary method of management. Government
is led by Prime Minister Taavi Rõivas from the Estonian Reform Party enjoying his third term
of leadership.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary Republic
II.
None
D. ECONOMY
As located in the heart of Europe, Estonia is the trading power as a motor for growth in the
European Union since its accession in 2004. Estonia’s efforts on promoting political and
economic ties with the Union turned its face towards the Alliance with the economic turmoil
in the Union. Country currently is struggling to be an active voice in the Alliance, at least in
the decision making process economically. Country’s major income is from the
telecommunications and electronics. Investments are with encouragement of Estonian
Government focused mostly on these two sectors trying to advantage on niche industries.
Signing trade agreements with Russia, Germany and Croatia, country took great risk by
committing to a socialist power and ignoring the US and UK.
E. MILITARY
Land Force (Maavagi), Air Force (Ohuvagi), Defense League (Kaitseliit)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Estonia became member of the Alliance in 2004 and ever since is becoming more involved in
the debates. Although not a dominant power, Estonia’s geographic situation makes it an
opportunity for positioning of NATO bases in the Northern peninsula. Country is a supporter
of its neighboring countries in the Alliance and does not hold the old grudges against nations
having Soviet origins.
FRANCE
Conventional long form: French Republic
Conventional short form: France
Local long form: Republique Française
Local short form: France
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Frenchman (men), Frenchwoman (women)
Adjective: French
II.
LANGUAGES
French (official) 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton,
Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish)
B. INTRODUCTION
As an example to developing countries for modernization and adapting societal dynamics to
technology era, France is a dominant country on the international arena. Country is today
holds the position as a leading power active in decision making processes of multilateral
organizations its member of. It is currently member in the United Nations Security Council,
NATO, the G-8, the G-20, and the EU.
Although France is an active state in international diplomacy in 2049, compared to the past,
its activity in the global politics and the global economy have decreased dramatically.
It took more than a decade for France to recover from the 2008 economic crisis and the
recovery has been disappointing for the French. The failure of President Hollande, who has
assumed presidency since 2017, has strengthened the right and far-right movements in France.
From that period till date, the aggressive French ruling ceased in a considerable manner.
Furthermore, being subject to several unfortunate terrorist attacks caused public intimidation
on behalves of the French society. Islamophobia remains an inevitable problem, especially at
the presence of the Islamic State as an independent country.
Anti-immigrant and conservative policies have been subjected to harsh criticisms in 2020s
and some say the outcome has been the uprisings in 2031. With the rise of nationalism,
working-class immigrants from the Eastern Europe and the Middle East suffered from
xenophobia, the number of cases brought before the European Courts of Human Rights have
increased radically since early 2010s and as of today, France is the fourth State who is found
by the Court to have breached the European Convention of Human Rights the most (following
Turkey, Russia and Bulgaria; yet the number of cases should not be compared). The cases
focus on freedom of conscience and religion, and prohibition of discrimination in this regard.
C. GOVERNMENT
The country is governed by the Movement Group under the leadership of Benoit Luc Pietrus
in 2049. After the weak recovery in France under the socialist leadership of François Hollande
from 2012 to 2017, presidency of Nicolas Sarkozy from 2017 to 2022 and Marine Le Pen
from the far-right National Front, Pietrus came to power with a huge win. French society is
represented by diverse voices in the parliament by; Union for a Popular Movement Group,
Socialist Group, Communist Group, Europe Ecology – The Greens, European Democratic and
Social Rally and Independents. The French Parliament is led by Tony Muriel Ignace standing
for renovation policies.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Republic
II.
i.
Confederation Francaise Democratique du Travail (French Democratic
Confederation of Labor)
ii.
Confederation francaise des travailleurs chretiens (French Confederation of
Christian Workers) or CFTC, independent labor union founded by Catholic
workers
iii.
Confederation generale du travail (General Confederation of Labor) or
CGT, historically communist labor union
iv.
Confederation generale du travail - Force ouvriere (General Confederation
of Labor - Worker's Force) or FO
D. ECONOMY
French economy, contrary to country’s political manner, has been through an immoderate
period, yet managed to stand on its feet. However, this was not effective enough to build trust
to the French economy since country faced several fluctuations. Wave of the economic
turmoil hit French markets hard and even caused a French Bank to declare bankruptcy. This
recession, however had only short term effects. With changing of balances in the EU and
UK’s abandon, France settled on a leveraged position and currently is among the 10 largest
economies in the GDP ranking world-wide by 6,980.54 Billion $.
Companies are mostly privatized but there are not much left after numbers of bankruptcies in
the crisis term. Despite the far eastern economies’ dominance and Germany’s leading power,
France remains on the solid ground in monetary means.
E. MILITARY
Army (Armee de Terre; includes Marines, Foreign Legion, Army Light Aviation), Navy
(Marine Nationale), Air Force (Armee de l'Air (AdlA); includes Air Defense)
F. POSITION IN NATO
France became part of the Alliance again in 2009, following De Gaulle’s abandonment in
1966. It continues to be an avid member of the Alliance and sees herself as the patron of her
previous colonies in Western Africa. Nevertheless, the diplomatic and economic disorder in
the EU severely deteriorated the relations and brought a standstill. Although not the most
radical member, France manages to envision its stance in the debates. Particularly speaking,
the Alliance’s stance against the Islamic State and existence of an independent Kurdistan are
main concerns according to the country that must be resolved immediately and the military
positioning of the Alliance should be enlarged in the eastern direction.
G. ENERGY
France has almost duplicated its energy investments in the last decade. Bioenergy
implications are mostly leaded by the French authorities in Europe. Not to mention, renewable
energy has been one of the main concerns, after lately French Parliament’s decision on
financial aid and tax deduction to residences promoting energy from renewable sources.
France was one of the fastest countries to take measures towards alternative energy sources
after shortage of petroleum in the late 2030s. Alternatives include biogas technology and
hybrid modeling addition to renewable sources.
FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC
OF MACEDONIA
Conventional Long Form: Republic of Macedonia
Conventional Short Form: Macedonia
Local Long Form: Republika Makedonija
Local Short Form: Makedonija
Note: The provisional designation used by NATO is the "former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia" (FYROM)
Former: People's Republic of Macedonia, Socialist Republic of Macedonia
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I. NATIONALITY
Noun: Macedonian(s)
Adjective: Macedonian
II. LANGUAGES
Macedonian (official) 66.5%, Albanian (official) 25.1%, Turkish 3.5%, Roma 1.9%, Serbian
1.2%, other 1.8%
B. INTRODUCTION
Since gaining its independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, Macedonia has contributed
significantly to NATO-led missions. Although two countries agreed to normalize relations in
1995, Greece’s objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and
symbols did not have an end. Due to the lack of an acceptable solution for the name issue,
Macedonia’s accession was blocked by the Greece at the Alliance’s Summit of Bucharest in
2008.In the transitory process, the provisional designation "the Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia" was decided to use even though the US and over 170 other nations have
recognized Macedonia by its constitutional name, Republic of Macedonia. USA played a
leading role in seeking reconciliation and as a result of the political pressure made by USA,
Greece revoked its blockade.
Ohrid Framework Agreement (OFA) which ended the conflict between ethnic minorities, also
led to new regulations regarding the economic inequities and the promotion of minority
rights. By FYROM’s official candidacy to the European Union in 2005, OFA gained
importance while the country faced some challenges implementing it. In the late 2020’s,
Macedonian Parliament worked rigorously to prepare legislations which will meet EU
standards. Macedonian Government managed to fulfill these EU criteria, despite the fact that
there were some certain conflicts among nationalists and democrats in the parliament on
almost every issue during the legislative process. Macedonia’s admission to the EU is still on
hold.
C. GOVERNMENT
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) has 67 seats in the parliament while
43 of the seats belong to the representatives from Social Democratic Union of Macedonia.
Recognition of local autonomies of the minorities with the emphasis of unitary state and
enhancement of economic conditions was the main policy objectives of the Macedonia for
late 2040’s and these goals were achieved to the efforts of the government led by Radoslav
Milka while developing good neighboring relations especially with Bulgaria.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
II.
POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS AND LEADERS
i.
Federation of Free Trade Unions
ii.
Federation of Trade Unions
iii.
Trade Union of Education, Science and Culture
D. ECONOMY
Since its independence Macedonia has seen substantial economic growth and alleviation of
unemployment rate in last two decades. Macedonia sustained its economic stability during the
global financial crisis by keeping the domestic currency (MKD) fixed against Euro. AMBO
pipeline (Albanian Macedonian Bulgarian Oil Pipeline) which is seen as an alternative to the
South Stream Project, fostered the economic development of the country, created jobs and
thus provided a robust GDP growth in 2040’s.
E. MILITARY
Army of the Republic of Macedonia (ARM)
i.
General Staff and subordinate Joint Operational Command,
ii.
Training and Doctrine Command,
iii.
Special Operations Regiment
F. POSITION IN NATO
Former to its membership to the Alliance, FYROM was a key partner, cooperating with
NATO operations in the region, i.e. ISAF and especially the Kosovo mission of 1999 and
received assistance from Alliance regarding the refugees back in those days. The NATO
Liaison Office in Skopje was once again transformed into a military headquarter after the
Kosovo Force (KFOR) mission was ended. The focus point of the co-operation between
FYROM is essentially defense and security sector. With its contribution to regional stability
in southeastern Europe, Macedonia was a welcome addition to NATO hence Euro - Atlantic
integration is considered as the best way to ensure harmony and self-sustaining security in the
long term.
I. DISPUTES
Since the demarcation of the borders with Kosovo in 2008, FYROM’s only transnational
dispute was the one with Greece regarding the usage of the name “Macedonia”. Greece did
not persuasively object when USA was the broker for reconciliations regarding the FYROM’s
accession to NATO in 2034, however in the process of accession negotiations to the EU, the
name issue was on the table again and by Greece’s strong objections, the issue remains
unresolved and FYROM’s EU Candidacy is frozen.
-REFUGEES
Stateless Persons: 1905 (2048 Measures)
In the year 2020, FYROM acceded to the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
and with the assistance of UNHCR regarding the asylum seekers, FYROM provided high
quality asylum procedures and durable solutions to the people mainly from Roma and
Egyptian origin.
GERMANY
Conventional long form: Federal Republic
of Germany
Conventional short form: Germany
Local long form: Bundesrepublik
Deutschland
Local short form: Deutschland
Former: German Empire, German Republic, German Reich
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: German(s)
Adjective: German
II.
LANGUAGES
German (official) %100, (regional languages; Lower Sorbian, North Frisian, Sater Frisian,
Upper Sorbian)
B. INTRODUCTION
After the heavy defeat broke country apart with two devastating World Wars, Germany was
the power coming out victorious from European power struggles. In 2049, country is in
economic and political means, a true leader in Europe. These leverages made Germany a key
member of defense, economic and political organizations such as the EU, NATO and a
permanent seat in the UNSC.
Unemployment rates dropped by another 0.5% since 2025Around 60% of the population is
active in the service industry, while around 20% work in industrial facilities. Due to the high
level of mechanization, high rates of qualitative production are achieved with only a limited
percentage of manpower. Agricultural products are predominantly imported, regarding
Germany’s climatic conditions, but also high production in milk, meat and their products, and
suitable vegetables is reached. Germany has intense economic relations with France, the
Netherlands and the United States.
The population of Germany has reached 75.9 million, with an overwhelming flow of
immigrants from Portugal, Italy, Romania, Poland and Bulgaria. Consequently the
government has been exercising anti-migration policies, which have been leading to tension in
the European Union platforms. The concentration of working class immigrants in
conservative cities such as Munich and Frankfurt has been the cause of in cohesion and minor
skirmishes. Regardless of the flow of young workers, the overall population has been aging
and 22 million people are over the age of 65. The population is also known to be growing
more conservative with increasing intolerance towards foreigners. Further tension is caused
by the high unemployment pays which is subjected to criticism as it makes the population
passive towards employment.
Germany is a significant key player in international relations. It has a mediating and
equalizing role, and keeps its position distanced to possible high-handed actions by its allies,
such as in matters such as military intervention.
C. GOVERNMENT
Christian Democratic Union of Germany’s undeniable ascend brought success and Heidi
Anniken became the President of federal republic. In the parliament, representation has sharp
differences in ideologies recognizing the Left Party and the social democrats in the meantime.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Federal republic
II.
i.
business associations and employers' organizations
ii.
trade unions; religious, immigrant, expellee, and veterans groups
D. ECONOMY
Germany’s economic hegemony in European borders pursues since in 1999, inception of
transition towards a single exchange currency, “euro”. Germany is currently the wealthiest
nation in Europe and holding the 6th place in global GDP ranking.
Country is the heavy-weight of the European Union, supporting the Mediterranean economies
and Euro-zone as a whole and is the only European country in the top five largest economies
list. Germany’s strong economy relies on advanced industry and information technologies, as
well as manufacturing automobiles, machinery and electronic goods.
Infrastructure development became an income channels for Germany leading many other
countries in the Middle East and Northern Europe to outsource their technological and
defense systems infrastructures to country.
Germany is a leading exporter in automotive, household equipment machinery and
construction. Years of input in technical education created a monopoly in engineering, thus
bringing revenue from brain power.
Furthermore, country became sponsor to many dual good movements putting efforts on
enhancement of welfare state standards for unemployed, displaced and stateless persons
residing in Germany.
E. MILITARY
Federal Armed Forces (Bundeswehr): Army (Heer); Navy (Deutsche Marine, includes naval
air arm); Air Force (Luftwaffe); German Cyber Defence Command; Joint Support Services
(Streitkraeftebasis, SKB); Central Medical Service (currently, Service’s compliances are
mostly assigned to fighting against Red Horse disease)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Germany is a radical member in the Alliance. On some agendas, Germany shows reaction
contrary to the US and other dominating countries. NATO missions carried out within
European borders are supervised and funded by Germany since country’s accession to the
UNSC as a permanent member. Turkish majority residing in the German borders and
Turkey’s stance in the Middle East is one of the main concerns of Germany with the growing
islamophobia in Europe.
Country has many allies and partisan political pressure groups in the Alliance particularly
from the developing European countries. Germany also played crucial role in enlargement of
NATO and accession of the current members of the Asian Cooperation Act for Greater
Alliance by involving in the bilateral talks representing the Organization.
Furthermore, NATO Cyber-Defense Strategy is mainly shaped and structured by the German
initiatives. Current infrastructure is designed and implemented on the efforts of the US,
Germany and Japan. Increasing of the Cyber Defense Capabilities is a topic Germany brought
into the scene considering the latest cyber-attacks towards both German Government and to
the NATO Head Quarters’ Information System.
G. ENERGY
Germany has managed to cease its nuclear activities in the mid-2030s and officially declared
the replacement policy towards renewable, sustainable energy sources. Government
investments on energy are canalized totally on solar energy and hybrid machines
development. %32 of Europe’s solar capability is on German lands and country is generating
%42 of its electricity from that source.
GREECE
Conventional Long Form: Hellenic Republic
Conventional Short Form: Greece
Local Long Form: Elliniki Dimokratia
Local Short Form: Ellas or Ellada
former: Kingdom of Greece
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Greek(s)
Adjective: Greek
II.
LANGUAGES
Greek (official) 99%, other (includes English and French) 1%
Ethnic Groups
Greek
Others
B. INTRODUCTION
In 1952 Greece joined NATO, following its defeat in WW2. In 2001, Greece was the 12th
member of the European Economic and Monetary Union. In 2010, a question was raised
whether a member state can leave the common currency. Starting in January 2015 with the
rise of The Coalition of Radical Left, known as the acronym SYRIZA, the political and social
impacts of the crisis have not vanished; on quite the contrary, it caused domestic turmoil
during 2020s. Despite euro scepticism and talks of a return to Greek currency, Drahmi,
Greece decided to stay with the Eurozone due to increasing EU-dependency.
C. GOVERNMENT
The years of social chaos and economic crisis has brought nothing but instability to Greece, as
a result, voters of the debt-ridden nation chose New Democracy instead of the ruling left-wing
coalition SYRIZA. New Democracy has won 183 of the 300 seats with landslide while
SYRIZA held only 56 of them. New Democracy led by Vivian Keramidas is in general a
supporter of the greater economic liberalization, including privatization and lower taxes, and
is a strong supporter of European integration-unlike the SYRIZA.
I.
GOVENRMENT MODEL
II.
Political Pressure Groups and Leaders
i.
Supreme Administration of Civil Servants Unions or ADEDY
ii.
Federation of Greek Industries or SEV
iii.
General Confederation of Greek Workers or GSEE
iv.
D. ECONOMY
Suffering from low growth rate, high unemployment rate and unpreventable rates of foreign
debt, Greece is a “weak link” in the Euro-zone. Unavoidable rise of the current account
deficit, increased its EU-dependency and thus plans for leaving the EU, failed. Recession in
Russia and surrounding region affected Greece for the worse, in this sense. After the years of
recession, country underwent a recovery process.
E. MILITARY
i.
Hellenic Army
ii.
Hellenic Navy
iii.
Hellenic Air Force
F. POSITION IN NATO
As proven in the last 100 years of NATO, Southern region of the Alliance is of great
importance, Greece -with its strategic location near the Middle East and North Africa region
and close vicinity to South Eastern Europe- is an indispensable Ally
Although there are different views among citizens regarding the economic conditions a broad
consensus has developed among Greeks regarding the substantive and unique role of NATO
in ensuring the collective defence and security of its members. As the country integrated more
into NATO, it has enhanced its defence capacity and established a steady security policy
regarding the improvements in various sectors. Greek accession to the Alliance has extended
and strengthened its army’s position in terms of operational capacity, infrastructure and
training.
I. DISPUTES
One of the most important disputes of Greece is the territorial disputes in the Aegean Sea with
Turkey. Additionally, Greece experiences minority problems in Albania and opposes the
official title of “Republic of Macedonia” claiming the right to use Hellenistic symbols belongs
only to Greece.
II.
REFUGEES
Starting with the Syrian Refugee Crisis, country was exposed to growing number of refugees
not only from Syria, but also from Eritrea and other MENA countries. Durable solutions were
offered by the UNHCR, in order to provide services to the refugees and asylum seekers.
HUNGARY
Conventional Long Form: none
Conventional Short Form: Hungary
Local Long Form: none
Local Short Form: Magyarorszag
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Hungarian(s)
Adjective: Hungarian
II.
LANGUAGES
Hungarian 84.6%, other or unspecified 16.4%
B. INTRODUCTION
Hungary has joined the Alliance in 1999 and the EU in 2004. The EU concerns over what it
considers as Hungary's failure to respect European democratic standards since 2010 became a
focus point of Hungary in the following years. Subsequently, Hungary’s approach towards
EU changed and it transformed into an eager country, striving for better standards and
economic shares. However the new constitution which throws out the checks and balances
system and brings the ruling party in a position which holds all the power, makes its eagerness
arguable.
Hungary, with its almost 10 million populations and strong share of manpower, continued to
be one of the engine powers of Europe and the region in the 2030’s.
C. GOVERNMENT
Anti-Semitic, anti-gypsy tendencies among the society has increased in 2040’s and it was
reflected to the parliament with the overwhelming majority of the Christian Democratic
People’s Party which owned 159 of 199 seats under the leadership of Janos Ader.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
II.
i.
Air Work Group
ii.
Danube Circle
iii.
Fourth Republic or 4K!
iv.
Green Future
v.
Hungarian Civil Liberties Union
vi.
Hungarian Helsinki Committee
vii.
Szolidaritas
viii.
Civil Osszefogas Forum
ix.
Hungarian Ornithological and Nature Conservation Society or MME
x.
Green Alternative
D. ECONOMY
Direct and indirect foreign investments in the Hungary are extensive. These investments have
shifted from processed food and textile to production of renewable energy and luxury vehicles
by the course of time.
In the early 2020’s, similar to the couple of European Countries, Hungary experienced a
credit downgrade. Political stability provided economic stability to the country even though
the aggressive taxation methods were criticized.
E. MILITARY
Hungarian Defense Forces:
i.
Land Forces,
ii.
Air Forces
E. POSITION IN NATO
Hungary is a loyal and solidary opponent to the Alliance. Its main motives of entering the
Alliance were primarily to ensure a stable, peaceful and secure environment in the long run
and also to integrate into the society of the developed states. It can be said that Hungary’s
membership fulfilled these expectations.
Taking a part in the international decision making process, especially for a Balkan country is
a major step into the modern world and Hungary’s enthusiasm paves the way for further
contributions to the Alliance.
High rates of adolescents traveling abroad for education, lead to some cases of brain drain;
however, it also supported the country in its further development. As a member state which
forms the external border of the EU, Hungary has implemented the strict scrutiny regarding
the Schengen Rules.
ICELAND
Conventional Long Form: Republic of Iceland
Conventional Short Form: Iceland
Local Long Form: Lydveldid Island
Local Short Form: Island
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Icelander(s)
Adjective: Icelandic
Population: 416.000
II.
LANGUAGES
Icelandic, English, Nordic languages, German widely spoken
B. INTRODUCTION
It took almost 10 years for Iceland to fully recover from the economic crisis of 2008 and the
fear of being affected by another possible Euro-zone crisis was subsistent in general. There
was no consensus among society for EU membership and as promised in 2013 by the
conservative government, a referendum was hold on the issue in 2017, consequently Iceland
terminated pursuing EU Membership, but is still a close ally of the Union.
C. GOVERNMENT
A coalition government between the Progressive Party (26/63) and Independence Party
(20/63) was formed after the latest election by Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson from the
Progressives. Left-wing’s low profile in the elections was frustrating and yet foreseeable for
most of its components in the Parliament.
I.
GOVERNMENT TYPE
Constitutional republic
D. POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS & LEADERS
None
E. ECONOMY
After the hit of the financial crisis in 2008, the banking sector was almost vulnerable to
collapse but Icelandic economy steadily recovered following its application to the IMF for
emergency financial aid. Although foreign assets and the tourism incomes played significant
role in the advancement of the Iceland’s economic conditions, nowadays the software
production and biotechnology are also the fields which are in demand. Considering 40% of
Iceland’s economy depends on fishing –in particular, whaling- the environmental change and
the diminishing of the economic capabilities of Iceland highly influential on the foreign policy
of Iceland.
F. MILITARY
No regular military forces; Icelandic National Police; Icelandic Coast Guard
G. POSITION IN NATO
Since Iceland has no regular military forces, it contributes to the Alliance financially and with
civilian personnel. Iceland conducts an air defense and surveillance system (IADS) as a part
of the Air Defense System of NATO and IADS supports NATO allied air surveillance
missions in Iceland in order to insure that air sovereignty is preserved.
Iceland focuses on NATO’s role in disarmament and non-proliferation, and also the common
values of the Alliance, particularly the rule of law and collective defence strategies and the
indivisibility of security.
I. DISPUTES
Continental Shelf disputes regarding the Rockall and Faroe Islands’ remained
dormant. However, in the case of Faroe Islands with Denmark, a suit was filed against Iceland
claiming it violated the European Economic Area Agreement regarding the fisheries, this
issue is expected to resolve in 2050.
INDONESIA
Conventional Long Form: Republic of Indonesia
Conventional Short Form: Indonesia
Local Long Form: Republik Indonesia
Local Short Form: Indonesia
Former: Netherlands East Indies, Dutch East Indies
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Javanese
Noun: Indonesian(s)
Sundanese
Adjective: Indonesian
Batak
II.
LANGUAGES
Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), Eng lish, Dutch, local
dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese)
Note: more than 700 languages are used in Indonesia
Other
INTRODUCTION
The Dutch began to colonize Indonesia in the early 17th century; Japan occupied
the islands from 1942 to 1945. Indonesia declared its independence shortly
before Japan's surrender, but it required four years of sometimes brutal fighting,
intermittent negotiations, and UN mediation before the Netherlands agreed to
transfer sovereignty in 1949. Indonesia preserves its populous thus large state
properties yet faces severe poverty especially for the absence of accessible clean
water and food sources. With the positive impacts of modern era’s technological
advancements, the literacy rate in the count ry has increased and the educational
system is thriving to obtain a hybrid style of West and traditional. The justice
and home affairs is heavily fluctuated due to the level of population. The Red
Horse disease has spread an incredible panic to the public and the poverty issue
is prospected to alleviate the spread of any potential disease. Indonesia is now
the world's third most populous democracy, the world's largest archipelagic state,
and the world's largest Muslim-majority nation. Current issues include:
alleviating poverty, improving education, preventing terrorism, consolidating
democracy after four decades of authoritarianism, implementing economic and
financial reforms, stemming corruption, reforming the criminal justice system,
holding the military and police accountable for human rights violations,
addressing climate change, and controlling infectious diseases, particularly those
of global and regional importance.
B. GOVERNMENT
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Republic
II.
Commission for the "Disappeared" and Victims of Violence or Kontra
Indonesia Corruption Watch or ICW
Indonesian Forum for the Environment or WALHI
C.
ECONOMY
Indonesia began its economic growth despite the severe global financial crisis in
2008. In mid 2020s, India’s continuous growth entered the negative side of the
business circle causing investments and incomes to diminish significantly. As
another consequence of the reverse cycle, Indonesia currently faces labor unrest
and high oil price issues. The cycle is prospected to invert much more than its
early stages as the population size maintains its exponential growth rate.
C. MILITARY
Indonesian Armed Forces (Tentara Nasional Indonesia, TNI)
Army (TNI-Angkatan Darat (TNI-AD))
Navy (TNI-Angkatan Laut (TNI-AL); includes marines (Korps Marinir, KorMar),
naval air arm)
Air Force (TNI-Angkatan Udara (TNI-AU))
National
Air Defense Command (Kommando Pertahanan
Udara Nasional
(Kohanudnas))
D. TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
I.
DISPUTES
Indonesia started foreign policy objective of establishing stable fixed land and
maritime boundaries with all of its neighbors in 2000s; three stretches of land
borders with Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in the
Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
boundaries have been established between the countries; many refugees from
Timor-Leste who left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation; all
borders between Indonesia and Australia have been agr eed upon bilaterally, but a
1997 treaty that would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary has yet
to be ratified by Indonesia's legislature; Indonesian groups challenge Australia's
claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmor e and Cartier
Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain
catches; land and maritime negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed
areas include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan border area in
Borneo and the maritime boundary in the Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea;
Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973 maritime
boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas north of Indonesia's Batam
Island;
Indonesian
secessionists,
squ atters,
and
illegal
migrants
create
repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime delimitation talks
continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two
countries in Fall 2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing along
their maritime boundary
II.
REFUGEES
IDPs: at least 178000 (inter-communal, inter-faith, and separatist violence
between 1998 and 2004 in Aceh and Papua; stateless refugees residing in India as
a consequence of the Arab Spring )
III.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Indonesia is referred to as an illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic
use; producer of methamphetamine and ecstasy
ITALY
Conventional Long Form: Italian Republic
Conventional Short Form: Italy
Local Long Form: Repubblica d’Italia
Local Short Form: Italia
Former: Kingdom of Italy
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Italian (s)
Adjective: Italian
II.
LANGUAGES
Italian (official), German (parts of Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly Germanspeaking), French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region), Slovene
(Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)
B. INTRODUCTION
Italy is a charter member of NATO and the European Economic Community. Due to its
prominent role in global military and diplomatic aspects, it has been one of the presiders of
the European Unification. In 2020’s Italy faced economic instability with its enormous debt,
the second in the EU after Greece. Even though political tension was not any lower due to the
corruption scandals which nearly become a custom in the country, Italy managed to protect its
dominance with diplomatic maneuvers.
C. GOVERNMENT
After the scandalous years full of corruption, New Centre Right under the leadership of
Andrea Giovanni, decided to make a solid beginning. By holding 386 of 630 seats in the
parliament, New Centre-Right’s bright policies constituted a new hope to the people who has
been exhausted by the unemployment, increasing mob activities and ineffective legal system.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Republic
D. POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS AND LEADERS
Manufacturers and Merchants Associations
Organized Farm Groups
Major Trade Union Confederations
E. ECONOMY
Italy's main focus on its economic policy was the transition of its informal underground
economy to a formal economy. Government has applied substantive regulatory tax reforms
and a labor market reform in 2020’s which helped to reduce its underground economy down
to 9%. Success in dealing with tax evasion resulted with increased government revenues, and
reduced public debt to 90%. Italy has also diversified its trade partners and reduced its trade
dependency with EU but the risks that Euro- Zone countries are now on the verge of the
biggest debt crisis keep investors concerned about Italy. International credit rating institutions
stated that downgrading Italy's credit might be possible.
F. MILITARY
i.
Italian Armed Forces: Army, Navy,
ii.
Italian Air Force,
iii.
Carabinieri Corps
G. POSITION IN NATO
With its modern army equipment and regiment population, Italy is one of the most significant
allies of NATO in the Mediterranean. In addition to smart defense technologies, it is now
equipping itself with a bigger aircraft carrier, submarines and multipurpose frigates. The
Italian Navy, has contributed in many coalitions peacekeeping operations around the world
and takes part in NATO missions whenever needed. As a requirement of the NATO’s Nuclear
Sharing Strategy, Italy hosts over 50 US nuclear bombs and the number was reduced in the
2026 regarding the implementation of non-proliferation up to some level.
i.
REFUGEES
Italy's long coastline and developed economy attracts tens of thousands of illegal immigrants
from Southeastern Europe and northern Africa. The most controversial issue about the
refugees was the Lampedusa Island and the asylum seekers over there. Starting with their
arrival to the Lampedusa Island, migrants and asylum seekers were in search of a chance to
reach mainland. Over the years, more than thousands of asylum seekers lost their lives prior to
reaching the Lampedusa and dozens shared the same destiny due to harsh living conditions in
the detention center. EU kept declining Italy’s aid requests regarding the situation. During the
riot of 2039, outraged migrants set the detention center on fire which resulted with death of
over two thousand people. Consequently, migrants and asylum seekers without identification
papers were deported and also migration policies and living standards of the detention center
was reviewed.
JAPAN
Conventional long form: none
Conventional short form: Japan
Local long form: Nihon-koku/Nippon-koku
Local short form: Nihon/Nippon
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Japanese (singular and plural)
Adjective: Japanese
Population: 107 Million
II.
LANGUAGES
Japanese 100%
Literacy Rate: 100%
B. INTRODUCTION
After facing a disastrous defeat in World War II Japan renovated itself from ground zero to an
influential economic and political power in the Far East. Political stability, isolation from
foreign influence and Japanese ambition brought country back to its powerful days.
Japan has strong relations with the US both in economic and political means. Country is a
viable market for most of the countries standing against Chinese hegemony over the Far
Eastern Peninsula.
Japan’s relations with neighbor China is not a bright case though. China and Japan are
economically integrated but strategically divorced. This tension is mainly rooted from the
historical disputes and has seen its climax on the Chinese exertion of power over Hong Kong.
Furthermore, Japan is the successor and the leading power of Asian Cooperation Act for
Greater Alliance including Australia, New Zealand, Singapore and Indonesia who came
together to create unity against countering organizations and growing threats in the region.
Japan, through centuries developed a unique earthquake protection mechanism. Disaster
recovery centers are assigned to nearly every suburb and even villages to develop contingency
plans and take precautions against disaster noticed. With that system developed, several
coastal cities got over middle and high degree tsunamis with minor injuries. However, effects
of volcanic activities around and within the Japanese border are inevitable and create great
concern since they can cause unpredictable instant earthquakes as well.
Japanese Government’s another concern is as most countries currently have the Red Horse
epidemic. Flights to and from infected regions are cancelled in May, 2048 and Japan signed
the joint agreement with Red Cross to fight against the disease collectively.
C. GOVERNMENT
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
A parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy
II.
Other: business groups; trade unions
D.
ECONOMY
Years and centuries of efforts to industrialization, in 2049, Japan is among the five largest
economies when compared in GDPs by 11,499.59 Billion $. Government - industry
cooperation and cheap labor force plays great importance in that manner. Foreign investments
on technology products ascended geometrically in the last decade after country was seen
among the top ten economies in capital growth. Its modest economic growth in the 2020s
accelerated undeniably.
When the purchasing power parity (PPP) is considered, country again surpasses all of the Far
Eastern countries indicating that restructuring of Japanese economic system gave birth to
success.
At the second place of major global demand to Japanese exports, following technology
appliances comes fishing industry. Fishing is one of the major trade spots of Japan. However,
as profitable it is to country’s economy, with extinction of the species in maritime fauna,
environmentalists organized mass demonstrations against the government and some private
companies.
Japanese economy’s defense allocation increases proportionally with country’s activity on the
defense organizations, such as NATO.
E. MILITARY
Japanese Ministry of Defense (MOD): Ground Self-Defense Force (Rikujou Jieitai, GSDF);
Maritime Self-Defense Force (Kaijou Jieitai, MSDF); Air Self-Defense Force (Koukuu Jieitai,
ASDF); Cyber Defence Forces (Tajikimo Jietai, CDF)
F. POSITION IN NATO
As a partner to the Organization until its accession, Japan is a part of the NATO led
operations as well as bilateral consultation fora since early 2020s. Joining the Alliance in
2013, Japan is a vital base and politically important state for the strategy of NATO in 2040s.
Aiming to enlarge towards the Far East, Japan and the Asian Cooperation Act constitute the
new defense mechanism against Chinese dominance.
Although existence of the ACT is perceived as an offensive movement and attempt for a
parallel power by some member states, the strategic benefits having Japan in the Alliance
gives country leverage of acting independently.
Also, Japan is in the coalition for NATO Cyber Defense development responsible for
settlement and implementation of technological base against any cyber-attack from illegal
organizations or any countries towards the NATO Head Quarters. Japan currently stands
closer to the US but does not hesitate to question the decisions debated on, in particular the
standing customs of the Organization.
G. ENERGY
Deploying on a limited geographical capability Japan canalized its energy activities mostly on
alternative sources. Biomass has become a great opportunity and a popular solution for
generating energy. Japanese investments are almost duplicated on biomass technology in the
last decades. Furthermore, in hybrid technology, country is a world leader. Japanese
companies are rewarded on the environmentalist platforms several times for their successful
attempts. Question of nuclear remains a problem for the country as most of the nuclear
plantation is shut down, but the remaining base operates as a trial plant for enhancement of
nuclear energy under safe and controllable conditions.
LATVIA
Conventional long form: Republic of Latvia
Conventional short form: Latvia
Local long form: Latvijas Republika
Local short form: Latvija
Former: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
Latvian
NATIONALITY
Noun: Latvian(s)
Adjective: Latvian
Russian
Other
Unspecified
II.
LANGUAGES
Latvian (official) 56.3%, Russian 33.8%, other 0.6% (Polish, Ukrainian, and Belarusian),
unspecified 9.4%
B. INTRODUCTION
Latvian region was occupied by many nations such as Germans, Poles, Swedes and lastly
Russians. Latvia gained independence for the last time in 1991 after the falling apart of the
Soviet Union. Country is recognized on the international platforms after acceding to NATO
and the EU in 2004.
As a member of the European Union, country plays a key role in maintaining and developing
the transit route and takes an active part in Eurasian trade. Latvia uses its geographic location
as an important East-West commercial and trading center. There are ongoing talks over
maritime boundary dispute with Lithuania. Apart from the delimitation of the boundary,
Latvia experiences grand protests against the alleged human rights violations of ethnic
Russian minorities. Russia claims that Russian speaking minorities were not represented in
the decision making process and believes that their freedoms and rights were being
suppressed by the Latvian authorities. Also, Latvia is acclaimed as a high human development
index country.
C. GOVERNMENT
Latvian Congress brings together multiple voices such as the Nationals’ side, the Union of
Greens and Farmers and the Association of Regions led by the Prime Minister Solvita
Āboltiņa who is in his first term on duty.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary democracy
II.
i.
Free Trade Union Confederation of Latvia
ii.
Employers' Confederation of Latvia
D. ECONOMY
Latvia joined the Eurozone in 2014 and was a borrower country until mid-2030s. Its
successful application of monetary policy gave birth to a fastest-growing country and it has a
considerable GDP at the 59th place, especially when considered in Europe at the moment in
the EU this year.
As one of the biggest trade partner, Germany increases its economic relations with Latvia.
Country is a small, but an open economy with exports representing the greatest portion of the
capital gain.
E. MILITARY
National Armed Forces (Nacionalo Brunoto Speku): Land Forces (Latvijas Sauszemes Speki),
Navy (Latvijas Juras Speki; includes Coast Guard (Latvijas Kara Flotes)), Latvian Air Force
(Latvijas Gaisa Speki), Latvian Home Guard (Latvijas Zemessardze)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Latvia became member of the Alliance in 2004 as a supporter party. The status of country is
still a passive portrait, though its activity and voice raised over time. Main concern of Latvia
is situation of the socialist Russian threat, since the historical dispute of Russian minority
(some 28% of the population) remains of concern to country and is an escalating problem. It
stands mostly parallel to the stance of the US and its allies.
I. DISPUTES
Latvia experiences the international dispute concerning the Treaty delimiting the boundary
with Russia. In this treaty, the primary concern is oil exploration rights of the States. It was
signed and ratified in 2007, under the Treaty the Abrene district passes to Russia. Yet,
currently, Russia does not plan to hold any negotiation with Latvia; although Latvia is deeply
concerned with this issue and believes that the delimitation would create a huge problem,
since the diplomatic negotiations are regarded as almost impossible to commence.
II.
ILLICIT DRUGS
As a common issue for several Baltic States in Europe, illicit drug trafficking becomes is huge
issue especially for the States located from Central and Southwest Asia to Western Europe
and Scandinavia.
LITHUANIA
Conventional long form: Republic of
Lithuania
Conventional short form: Lithuania
Local long form: Lietuvos Respublika
Local short form: Lietuva
Former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONAITY
Lithuanian
Noun: Lithuanian(s)
Russian
Other
Adjective: Lithuanian
II.
LANGUAGES
Lithuanian (official) 82%, Russian 8%, Polish 5.6%, other 0.9%, unspecified 3.5%
Unspecified
Polish
B. INTRODUCTION
Following decades of instability in the region, Lithuania regained independence in 1940 after
World War I, but was annexed by the USSR. Country became first when it declared
independence under hegemony of the USSR. Country profiled a fluctuating political and
economic route, though showed serious improvement. It became member of both NATO and
the EU in 2004 and is currently a keen member to contribute.
The issues of Lithuania’s foreign policy are generally based on the Ukraine, Russia and the
Ukraine-Russian Relationship. Talks between two States have not reached a compromise.
Regarded as a successful Court which settles over than 30 cases in 20 years, Lithuania took
the dispute concerning the delimitation of above mentioned areas to the International Court of
Justice in 2048. First, the Russian administration has to accept the jurisdiction; however, the
administration refuses to take any further part in the proceedings.
Unemployment rate in the country is not regarded as stable and is expected to rise in a short
time making this topic one of the main agendas of the Lithuanian Government.
C. GOVERNMENT
The Lithuanian Congress is facing disaccords and strained relations among the political
groups represented namely; Homeland Union, Labour, Social Democratic, Order and Justice.
Congress is led by the Prime Minister Vytautas Kersanskas under the President Andrius
Kubilus.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary democracy
II.
None
D. ECONOMY
As a member of the European Union, Lithuania has been attracting Western capitals in the
world. However, the political destabilization in the country caused Lithuanian economy high
debiting in the long run. Economic crisis was inevitable when the picture was disintegration
of Lithuania to the dynamics of the EU. In this situation, unfortunate government policies
were quite influential. Deflation in the markets leaded an overall shortfall for the euro and
mortgage market to make a downturn followed by Lithuanian banking system’s collapse. This
collapse in the Lithuanian markets was an unstoppable disaster for the EU. From the crisis till
today, Lithuania seems to have ceased the calamity, but have not returned to where it was
when joined the Eurozone. Country holds the 95th place among the GDP rankings world-wide
by 73 Billion $.
E. MILITARY
Lithuanian Armed Forces (Lietuvos Ginkluotosios Pajegos): Land Forces (Sausumos
Pajegos), Naval Forces (Karines Juru Pajegos), Air Forces (Karines Oro Pajegos)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Since its accession in 2004 Lithuania portraits a steady membership profile in the Alliance. As
one of the former Soviet republics, country’s main concern is the tensions between the
Ukraine and Russia. Russia’s transition into socialist governance causes unrest and sense of
insecurity over the society. Talks between the Alliance and Russia is the most important
matter according to Lithuania as they will mostly shape the stances of regional powers in the
direction of either common peace or escalating tensions.
Lithuania is an active member considering military actions of the Alliance since it has been
conducting missions under the leading Provincial Reconstruction Team built in 2005 and still
operating. These missions are held with Croatia, Denmark and Ukraine.
Country also supports the Alliance’s military actions by providing air policing service as a
supportive host nation for NATO allies in the Baltics. Therefore on the agenda of
improvement of air capability and adapting new technologies to system, Lithuania is one of
the radical decision makers.
I. ILLICIT DRUGS
Drug trafficking and border security remain to be an issue for Lithuania. Transshipment and
destination points for drugs are determined to be key locations for Lithuanian Narcotics and
Security Forces. Several missions are conducted in international scale in the recent years.
LUXEMBOURG
Conventional
Long
Form:
Grand
Duchy
of
Luxembourg
Conventional Short Form: Luxembourg
Local Long Form: Grand Duche de Luxembourg
Local Short Form: Luxembourg
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Luxembourger(s)
Adjective: Luxembourg
II.
LANGUAGES
Luxembourgish (official administrative language and national language (spoken vernacular)),
French (official administrative language), German (official administrative language)
B. INTRODUCTION
Luxembourg was a founder member of the Benelux Customs Union with Belgium and the
Netherlands in 1948, and of the European Economic Community, also a pioneer of the
European Union, in 1957. It was also a founder member of NATO in 1949 and after a century
it continues to be among the smallest sovereign nations of Europe and NATO. Luxembourg
has long been a proponent of the European Integration and it also implements Schengen
Rules.
Since the majority of its citizens have consistently conceived that the only platform where the
European unity makes sense is the context of an active transatlantic relationship, and thus they
have traditionally pursued a pro-NATO policy.
C. GOVERNMENT
Luxembourg has the world’s one and only grand duchy. Under the constitutional monarch,
Prime Minister Jerome Henrard’s party of Christian Social People’s Party held 28 of the 60
seats in the parliament in the latest election.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
D. POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS
i.
ABBL (bankers' association)
ii.
ALEBA (financial sector trade union)
iii.
Centrale Paysanne (federation of agricultural producers)
iv.
CEP (professional sector chamber)
v.
CGFP (trade union representing civil service)
vi.
Chamber of Commerce (Chambre de Commerce)
vii.
Chamber of Artisans (Chambre des Metiers)
viii.
FEDIL (federation of industrialists)
ix.
Greenpeace (environment protection)
x.
LCGP (center-right trade union)
xi.
Mouvement Ecologique (environment protection)
xii.
OGBL (center-left trade union)
E. ECONOMY
Luxembourg’s economy remains relatively unaltered due to its free market policies as well as
its transformation from an industrial economy to a diversified one. In mid-2020’s,
Luxembourg's economy, developed slowly due to shaky growth in the euro-zone. However, a
decade after, Luxembourg managed to have the largest GDP per capita in the world with
diversifying its economy and integrating it into global market. The economy of Luxembourg
is largely dependent on the banking, steel, and industrial sectors. Law reform regarding the
laws governing the banking secrecy has made Luxembourg more transparent and prevented
the pointed tax evasion and fraud speculations.
Economy is based on investment hence the Luxembourg is the home of the European
Investment Bank and it became the world's largest investment fund center by surpassing the
US in the late 2030’s and nowadays it is the most important private banking center in the
Europe and the very heart of Europe's reinsurance companies.
F. MILITARY
Luxembourg Army
G. POSITION IN NATO
Luxembourg contributes to the Alliance with almost a thousand of soldiers and 100 civil
servants. Luxembourg’s Army lacks air and naval forces, for this reason, NATO’s 25
airplanes are registered as the aircraft of Luxembourg. The NATO Maintenance and Supply
Organization’s headquarters (NAMSO), the largest logistics organization of NATO, are
located in Luxembourg. Along with its financial contribution to the ongoing peacekeeping
operations, country was involved in NATO led missions in Africa. Luxembourg supports the
enlargement process of NATO, especially considers the entrance of Pacific countries to the
Alliance as a start of the long-serving relations.
NETHERLANDS
Conventional Long Form: Kingdom of the
Netherlands
Conventional Short Form: Netherlands
Local Long Form: Koninkrijk der
Nederlanden
Local Short Form: Nederland
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Dutchman (men), Dutchwoman
(women)
Dutch
Adjective: Dutch
EU
Indonesian
Other
II.
LANGUAGES
Dutch (official)
Note: Frisian, Low Saxon, and Limburgish are recognized as regional languages
under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages
B. INTRODUCTION
The Netherlands enjoys its advanced economy based on diverse industrialization and its
activity in the international politics. Economy of the Netherlands is diversified; it is based on
agriculture-related industries, customs revenues, tourism, banking, electronics, chemicals,
petroleum, construction and fishing. Being among the largest twenty economies in the world
and among the five in the European Union, the Netherlands is one of the strongest economies
both in Europe.
The Netherlands supports the Atlantic cooperation and European integration. It is one of the
founding members of NATO and has been a major contributor to NATO operations as well as
UN peacekeeping efforts. Furthermore, it is among the six founding members of the European
Union, contributing to the very structure of the Union with the example of Benelux and
supporting the idea of European integration in economy, foreign affairs and trade policies.
However, it is against the current state of the Euro-zone; it proposes that two separate
currencies be formed in order to eliminate the vulnerabilities of the Euro with regard to
weaker and less competitive Southern European economies.
The Netherlands implements liberal policies in some fields such as but not limited to
recreational drugs, prostitution, same-sex marriage, abortion and euthanasia, which are
controversial topics for domestic policy debates, as well as for foreign ones.
One of the most critical threats of the Netherlands is the current rise of the sea level, which is
a consequence of the global warming. Located in a region which is among the most densely
populated regions in the world and which is vulnerable to possible floods, the Netherlands has
shown great effort to protect its land from possible disasters. The efforts have mostly
prevented the land from such a disaster, but as the dikes and other constructions get old,
moisture has started to damage old buildings.
C. GOVERNMENT
The Princess of Orange serves as the symbolic queen of the state. The former chairperson of
Young People’s Party for Freedom and Democracy Tom Leijte as the leader of the respective
party is the Prime Minister of Netherlands. Within the parliament, the governing People’s
Party for Freedom and Democracy occupies 47 seats.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
II.
Christian Trade Union Federation or CNV
Confederation of Netherlands Industry and Employers or VNO -NCW
Federation for Small and Medium-sized businesses or MKB
D. ECONOMY
Netherlands is known for its stable national and international economy steps.
Being a keystone as a European transportation hub, Netherlands is a pioneer in
food processing, chemicals and machinery. Although the level of employment
in the agricultural sector is markedly limited, agri cultural sector is a provider
of
surpluses
to
the
food-processing
industry.
The
country
inevitable
encountered numerous obstacles with the arrival of Euro as the mainstream
currency especially in the global financial crisis in 2008. Dutch government
intervened the downward path of the crisis successfully ensuring 26 years of
uninterrupted economic growth. However, in 2012 tax revenues dropped, GDP
contracted, and the budget deficit deteriorated. In 2013, the government budget
deficit decreased to 3.3% of GDP due to increased government revenue from
higher taxes. However, spending on social benefits also increased, due to a rise
in unemployment benefits and payments for pensions. The high unemployment
rate and tax increases have contributed to continued decre ases in household
disposable income, causing the Dutch economy to contract. After 2030, the
Dutch government gradually decreased the heavy dependence on tax revenue
alleviating the burden of Dutch households. With its advancement on new
energy
technologies,
Dutch
foreign
economic
partnerships
are
strengthened day by day creating new doors for revenue enrichments.
E) MILITARY
MILITARY BRANCHES
being
Royal Netherlands Army
Royal Netherlands Navy (includes Naval Air Service and Marine Corps)
Royal Netherlands Air Force (Koninklijke Luchtmacht, KLu)
Royal Military Police
F) POSITION IN NATO
The Netherlands abandoned its neutrality in 1948 when it signed the Treaty of Brussels, and
later became a founding member of NATO in 1949. The Dutch military was therefore part of
the NATO strength in Cold War Europe, deploying its army to several bases in Germany.
More than 3.000 Dutch soldiers were assigned to the 2nd Infantry Division of the United
States Army during the Korean War. In 1996 conscription was suspended, and the Dutch
army was once again transformed into a professional army. Since the 1990s the Dutch army
has been involved in the Bosnian War and the Kosovo War, it held a province in Iraq after the
defeat of Saddam Hussein, and it was engaged in Afghanistan.
G) TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
ILLICIT DRUGS
Netherlands is a major European producer of synthetic drugs, including ecstasy,
and cannabis cultivator; important gateway for cocaine, heroin, and hashish
entering Europe; major source of US -bound ecstasy; large financial sector
vulnerable to money laundering; significant consumer of ecstasy .
NEW ZEALAND
Conventional Long Form: none
Conventional Short Form: New Zealand
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: New Zealander(s)
Adjective: New Zealand
II.
LANGUAGES
English (de facto official) 89.8%, Maori (de jure official) 3.5%, Samoan 2%, Hindi 1.6%,
French 1.2%, Northern Chinese 1.2%, Yue 1%, Otheror not stated 20.5%, New Zealand Sign
Language (de jure official)
Note: sharessumto120.8% due to multiple responses on census (2013 est.)
B. INTRODUCTION
New Zealand was one of the last lands to be discovered and settled by humans. The country
consists of two main islands and the smaller ones. New Zealand’s dynamic role in Pacific
affairs promoted country’s stance and showed its expediency in diplomatic negotiations. It
was the first Western country which signed a free trade deal with China, it holds strong
commercial links with the Australia, Japan and the US, and with the majority of the Pacific
countries. By signing the Washington Treaty in 2031, New Zealand became one of the latest
members to the Alliance and helped to enlarge NATO’s activity range.
C. GOVERNMENT
As of 2049 the Prime Minister of New Zealand is the leader of the National Party which has
78 seats in the parliament, Sean Topham, he is also the head of the government. However,
head of state is the Queen who has the Governor-General as her representative in New
Zealand.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary democracy with a Common wealth realm
II.
i.
Women's Electoral Lobby or WEL
ii.
Apartheid Groups;
iii.
Civil Rights Groups;
iv.
Farmers Groups;
v.
Maori;
vi.
Nuclear Weapons Groups;
vii.
Women's Rights Groups
D. ECONOMY
Since the aggressive cut of the interest rates by the central bank of New Zealand, international
capital inflows slowed down. This made the currency of New Zealand more competitive in
exporting. With their competitive currency, the external demand to the key trade sectors
increased. Income per capita increased and government was reelected in 3 consecutive
elections. With the sustainable economic growth and private sector’s cooperation with
development agencies that government has established, plans to develop the infrastructure and
to increase productivity have been implemented. Government expenditure is still an issue to
be addressed but according to the budget of 2049, it is aimed at keeping it below 30%, which
is a reasonable level for New Zealand.
E.MILITARY
i.
Royal New Zealand Navy
ii.
Royal New Zealand Air Force
F. POSITION IN NATO
Integration of Asia-Pacific countries into the Alliance has facilitated its overseas missions.
Since its a new area and era for NATO, New Zealand was pioneer in wide range of issues
including political and economic relations, trade relations, defense and regional security and
environment in the Pacific.
Prior to its accession to the Alliance, New Zealand has contributed NATO operations with its
troops which have taken part in regional peacekeeping efforts and have been served in
Afghanistan.
New Zealand has territorial claims over Antarctic. Even though New Zealand Antarctic
Division and Institute were established in 1990’s New Zealand’s claims are only recognized
by Australia, France, Norway and U.K., but it is not recognized by the United Nations, U.S.,
Russia or by most other countries in the year 2049.
POLAND
Conventional long form: Republic of Poland
Conventional short form: Poland
Local long form: Rzeczpospolita Polska
Local short form: Polska
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONAITY
Noun: Pole(s)
Adjective: Polish
Polish
Non-Polish
II.
LANGUAGES
Polish (official) 96.2%, non-Polish 2.5%,
unspecified 1.3%
Unspecified
B. INTRODUCTION
The civil unrest and devastating wars weakened the nation for decades. After Russia, Prussia
and Austria’s partition of Poland in the 18th century, country gained independence in 1918
only to be overrun by Germany and the Soviet Union in the World War II. By the early 2000s,
country recovered from sores and started participating in the international organizations. It
joined the Alliance in 1999 and the EU in 2004.
Poland has become more and more influential in the EU and NATO due to its economic
growth and military advancement. Poland has delayed its accession to Eurozone due to the
continuous Euro-zone crisis, but fully changed its currency from Złoty to the Euro in 2031
Following its accession to Euro, Poland grew prosperous, with the immense support and
investment coming from Germany. As a consequence, the two States are now in better term
than ever in history. Warsaw is now addressed as the new financial capital of Europe by
economists.
Poland is one of the leading countries in its geography in transformation to a market-oriented
country by its development model. Improvement targets defense, energy and infrastructure
industries. Furthermore, Poland aims at becoming more active in Euro-Atlantic organizations.
C. GOVERNMENT
Polish Congress can be said to have a more homogeneous structure represented by Civic
Platform, Polish People’s Party and Law and Justice. These parties are in agendas concerning
country’s destination stand in the same direction with the ruling party; Young Democracy’s
Association led by the Prime Minister Dariusz Rucinski.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Republic
II.
i.
ii.
All Poland Trade Union Alliance or OPZZ
Roman Catholic Church
iii.
Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity"
D. ECONOMY
1990s enabled the country to transform its economy into one of the most robust in Central
Europe.
Holding one of the most robust economies in the central Europe, country pursued economic
liberalization and openness to global markets since early 2000s. Poland's economy was the
one that gets through economic downturns smoothly. It is at the 29th place when GDPs are
compared globally by 711.000 Billion $. Tax reforms are currently on the short term agenda
of the country. In the long term, aim is to putting effort in healing the remaining deficiencies
and infrastructure gap.
E. MILITARY
Polish Armed Forces: Land Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Aviation Forces, Special
Forces
F. POSITION IN NATO
Poland joined NATO in 1999 Poland became member of the Alliance in 1999 and country’s
stance towards other members and the Organization as a whole was a consistent one.
Cooperation with NATO Partners is key to enhancement of security and successful
application of strategies, according to Poland. Especially after establishment of several bodies
such as the Asian Cooperation Act for Greater Alliance and Islam Confederation, Poland
considers the best strategy as NATO enlargement towards key regions
Poland also preserves strong relations with the United Kingdom and the United States and has
been enhancing their intelligence sharing and military cooperation. In 2035 Poland and the
United States signed a missile defense shield construction agreement in Krakow and this has
been met with a positive response by some NATO members.
PORTUGAL
Conventional Long Form: Portuguese Republic
Conventional Short Form: Portugal
Local Long Form: Republica Portuguesa
Local Short Form: Portugal
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Portuguese (singular and plural)
Adjective: Portuguese
II.
LANGUAGES
Portuguese (official), Mirandese (official, but locally used)
B. INTRODUCTION
In the early 2010’s Portugal was suffering from the account deficit and was following the
Greece and Italy on the wait-list of bankruptcy. However the government passed austerity
budgets in a row and with the help of bailout packages, managed to get country on its track.
Following years the country made leaps forward to stabilise its economy.
In 2049 Portugal is a commendable country with its great records of modernisation and
breaking new grounds of progress towards a more democratic and responsive society as well
as its efficient participation into the international organizations such as EU, UN, Euro-Zone
and OECD. Being among the most globalized and developed nations with its high standards
of living and advanced economy, Portugal is an important Ally and a founding member of
NATO.
C. GOVERNMENT
Eugenio Godofrodo’s People’s Party holds the majority in the Portuguese Parliament.
People’s Party 128 of 230 seats whiles the main opposition of Social Democratic Party, holds
61 of the 230 seats. Reforms regarding the youth unemployment and youth policies constitute
the main agenda of the Parliament.
I.
GOVERNMENT TYPE
II.
i.
Armed Forces Officers' Association (AOFA)
ii.
The Desperate Generation (youth movement protesting against low wages, precarious labor
conditions, and unemployment)
iii.
The General Workers Union or General Confederation of Portuguese Workers (UGT)
Portuguese National Workers' Conference (CGTP)
iv.
TugaLeaks (a website that has become a mouthpiece for publicizing diverse protest action)
v.
other: the media; labor unions
D. ECONOMY
After the crises that hit Portugal in 2010’s, implementation of budget cuts and privatizations
provided a break-through and with necessary steps which complied with financial rescue
package economy was contracted once again. In the following years, substantive GDP growth
was achieved, liberalization continued and country became attractive to foreign investors. In
the year 2049 only problem that Portugal faces in this area is the high unemployment rate
among the youth which Portuguese Parliament is making efforts to downscale.
E. MILITARY
i.
Portuguese Army (Exercito Portuguesa),
ii.
Portuguese Navy (Marinha Portuguesa; includes Marine Corps),
iii.
Portuguese Air Force (Forca Aerea Portuguesa, FAP) (2013)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Over the years, Portugal’s contribution to the Alliance was on exceptional level and it has the
tendency to preserve it likewise. Success in both domestic and external politics was the sign
of Portugal’s pioneering role in the Iberian Peninsula which Portugal was entrusted with its
security tasks under the roof of Alliance. NATO’s plans of expanding its exercises in Central
Europe is approved by Portugal and implantation of NATO’s equipment and supplies in the
region is sustained by adjacent countries under the leadership of Portugal.
I.
DISPUTES
Over a slightly different interpretation of the Vienna Congress of 1815 and Badajoz Treaty of
1801, Portugal does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the territory of Olivenza. On
several occasions in 2030’s the issue occurred and was glossed over however it has not been
completely resolved.
II.
REFUGEES
Stateless Persons: 1071 (2048 est.)
III.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Located in south-western Europe in the western part of the Iberian Peninsula, Portugal is a
seabird country bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the south and west and for its location
alone it is a subject to the illicit drug trade of cocaine and heroin transhipped from Latin
America and North Africa.
ROMANIA
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Romania
local long form: none
local short form: Romania
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
noun: Romanian(s)
adjective: Romanian
Romanian
Hungarian
II.
Romanian
LANGUAGES
(official)
85.4%,
Hungarian
6.3%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.2%, other 1%,
Romany
Other
unspecified 6.1%
Unspecified
B. INTRODUCTION
After merging of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia formally in 1859
the former Romania was formed in 1862. Country profiles a steady stance by
participating in international organizations such as the EU and NATO .
The EU membership of Romania has consolidated its commitment to Western Alliance. The
Union has further transformed Romania into a liberal democracy and functioning economy,
though it could not prevent corruption allegations, particularly a hot topic during the
beginnings of 2020s. Another important issue that bothered the EU has been the treatment of
Roma people in Romania, with similar exclusionists policies followed in Bulgaria. However,
unemployment is relatively low due to emigration, which results in loss of qualified
personnel. In the past 15 years, Romania has invested in alternative energy resources in order
to decrease the dependency on Russia.
Romania enjoys friendly relations in the region, particularly with Moldova, who share the
same language. Relations with Turkey is good, especially in trade. During 2020s, the country
has followed policies to increase cooperation with the Visegrad Group, that is, Poland, Czech
Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. Romania distances itself from the East, and is refereed as
one of the most important partners of the USA.
C. GOVERNMENT
After occupation of the USSR in the post-war era, country regained dominance as “people’s
republic”. Current governance is under the President Florin Alexe from Young National
Liberal Party and the Prime Minister Adrian Ştef.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Republic
II.
i.
Various Human Rights and Professional Associations
ii.
Trade Unions
iii.
Romanian Labour Federation
D. ECONOMY
Romania holds the 50th position at the latest global GDP ranking by 310.000 Billion $.
Country is one of the borrowers member to the EU. The economy stands dependent on
lenders such as the IMF, Germany and France due to huge financial aids. However, there are
attempts to open the country to free market and accelerate trade transactions to become more
independent in monetary means. Structural reforms brought improvement, but vulnerability to
shocks of Romanian economy remains. Romania’s efforts in promoting a fiscal discipline is
supervised by the EU.
E. MILITARY
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Land Forces, Naval Forces (Fortele Naval, FN), Romanian Air Force (Fortele
Aeriene Romane, FAR)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Joining the Alliance in 2004, Romania plays a passive role in the chamber. Its
economic dependence is a drawback for country to hold a sharp opposition
stance. In the organizational scale, Romania acts like a netural, supportive party
in debates.
Country shares same concerns with France, Germany on the topic of the destiny
of Muslim minorities against European society and situation of the Islamic State.
Furthermore, due to its historical disputes with Ukraine on the Black Sea
maritime boundary, the unsolved matter remains on the agenda of country.
SINGAPORE
Conventional Long Form: Republic Of
Singapore
Conventional Short Form: Singapore
Local Long Form: Republic Of Singapore
Local Short Form: Singapore
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Singaporean(s)
Adjective: Singapore
Indian
Chinese
Malay
Other
Population: 7 Million
II.
LANGUAGES
Mandarin (official) 36.3%, English (official) 29.8%, Malay (official) 11.9%,
Hokkien 8.1%, Tamil (official) 4.4%, Cantonese 4.1%, Teochew 3.2%, other
Indian languages 1.2%, other Chinese dialects 1.1%, other 1.1%
B. INTRODUCTION
Singapore was founded as a British trading colony in 1819. It joined the
Malaysian Federation in 1963 but separated two years later and became
independent. Singapore subsequently became one of the world's most prosperous
countries with strong international trading links (its port is one of the world’s
busiest in terms of tonnage handled) and with per capita GDP equal to that of the
leading nations of Western Europe.
C. GOVERNMENT
The former president of Young People’s Action Party, Chun Leong Vishva, has been
continuing his duty as the president of the nation for 12 years. Considering the governing of
the abovementioned party, Cheok Yi Jung Adlina serves as the Prime Minister of Singapore.
The People’s Action Party occupies 82 of the 90 seats in the parliament.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
D. ECONOMY
In 2039, Singapore mostly preserves its unique success in free -market economy.
Consequently, the idealized economic principles function by creating a m ultiplier
effect in the country noticeably in the level of GDP and predictable price levels.
With the advancements in screening technology especially around 2020s, exports
in consumer electronics and information technology boosted significantly.
However, pharmaceutical industry, which was a previous pioneer, was persecuted
by the global financial crisis in 2008 and EU Crisis in 2020s. Such interruptions
to the flawless flow of the free-market economy resulted in severe contractions in
Singaporean economy. Over the longer term, the government hopes to establish a
new growth path that focuses on raising productivity. Singapore will continue
efforts to establish Singapore as Southeast Asia's financial and high -tech hub.
E.
MILITARY
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Singapore Armed Forces: Army, Navy, Air Force (includes Air Defense)
F. POSITION IN NATO
One of the youngest members of the Alliance, Singapore is a Liberal Asian ally of NATO.
Singapore has joined NATO as a part of the Asian Cooperation for Greater Alliance therefore
plays a vital role in Asia. The reasons behind the affiliation with the Alliance are pointed out
as the exponential growth of China in the region along with a reaction towards China’s
aggressive behavior in Hong Kong.
I.
DISPUTES
Disputes persist with Malaysia over deliveries of fresh water to Singapore,
Singapore's extensive land reclamation works, bridge construction, and maritime
boundaries in the Johor and Singapore Straits; in 2008, ICJ awarded sover eignty
of Pedra Branca (Pulau Batu Puteh/Horsburgh Island) to Singapore, and Middle
Rocks to Malaysia, but did not rule on maritime regimes, boundaries, or
disposition of South Ledge; Indonesia and Singapore continue to work on
finalization of their 1973 m aritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved
areas north of Indonesia's Batam Island; piracy remains a problem in the Malacca
Strait
II.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Drug abuse limited because of aggressive law enforcement efforts; as a
transportation and financial serv ices hub, Singapore is vulnerable, despite strict
laws and enforcement, as a venue for money launderin g.
SLOVENIA
Conventional long form: Republic of Slovenia
Conventional short form: Slovenia
Local long form: Republika Slovenija
Local short form: Slovenija
Former: People's Republic of Slovenia, Socialist Republic of Slovenia
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Slovenian
Noun: Slovene(s)
Adjective: Slovenian
SerboCroatian
Other
II.
LANGUAGES
Slovenian (official) 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other 4.4%
B. INTRODUCTION
Slovenes merged with the Serbs and Croats in 1918 forming the multinational Yugoslavia.
Slovenes gained independence from this multinational country after victory from a 10-day
war in 1991 laying the foundation of today’s Slovenia. Existence of historical bonds with the
Western Europe helped country establish great relations with international organizations. Also
the stability and consistency in the method of management paved the way for a strong, settled
democracy in Slovenia.
Country, with its well-educated and productive citizens within working ages, is supported by
its advanced infrastructure and strategic location between the Balkans and Western Europe,
Slovenian internal politics is stable with a multi-party system maintaining the power balance
so that no party is able to gain power alone, but form coalitions instead.
C. GOVERNMENT
However, the governments formed since 2024 are diverse in this regard; no official action to
leave the Western integration track has been taken by 2049 but government members partially
oppose these. Slovene Congress is led by the Prime Minister Karolina Milivoj from Christian
wing. Congress is represented by New Slovenia – Christian Democrats, Slovenian Democratic
Party, Social Democrats and other political groups.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Parliamentary republic
II.
i.
Slovenian Roma Association
ii.
trade unions
iii.
public sector employee unions
iv.
other: Catholic Church
D. ECONOMY
Slovenia is a notable trade route, therefore for decades is an alluring destination. Trading with
neighboring geographically close states, namely Germany, Austria, Croatia, Italy and France
plays an important role for the country. Country’s main exports include automotive.
Automotive industry can be considered largest single industry generating most of the national
income. Handicap of such a system is that Slovene market is quite sensitive to changes in the
automotive export market, especially from Germany.
Slovenia was influenced by the economic recession at a considerable degree; but managed to
survive by choosing to move forward with an inward-looking closed economy as a risk
contingency plan. Slovenia is one of the advanced economies in the central Europe with a
GDP at the 8th place by 81,900 Billion $.
E. MILITARY
Slovenian Armed Forces (Slovenska Vojska, SV): Forces Command (with ground units, naval
element, air and air defense brigade); Administration for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief
(ACPDR)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Beginning in late 2010s Slovene public support to NATO along with other Western values
has decreased significantly. Demonstrations were held from late 2010s to the general elections
in 2024, having the government support NATO membership, European integration and being
included in the Eurozone. Until mid-2030s, the unrest pursued, until the New Slovenia –
Christian Democrats came into power with promises promoting renewal of Slovenia and
integration of country to international norms. Ever since, country is more active on the
international arena and Slovene society appreciates this new policy trying to be applied. Also,
its role in the Alliance is much of a contributor, though a neutral one.
SPAIN
Conventional long form: Kingdom of
Spain
conventional short form: Spain
local long form: Reino de Espana
local short form: Espana
G. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
In Spain, people of Mediterranean and Nordic origins reside along with a multicultural
population primarily due to touristic activities. Christians are prevalent as the majority of the
society yet Muslims and Jews also live under the same flag.
IV.
NATIONALITY
noun: Spaniard(s)
adjective: Spanish
After the Syrian Refugee Crisis, Spain has been a land of hope for displaced persons.
The European Union has not yet brought a unique statelessness solution for the region;
therefore the issue is internally dealt with. On the other hand, Spaniards preserve their united
lifestyle under the name of the Kingdom of Spain and are all European citizens.
V.
ETHNIC GROUPS
Mediterranean origins are preeminent in the country yet the Spaniards have adopted a
conglomerate lifestyle which embraces different ethnicities and creates a vanilla culture.
VI.
LANGUAGES
Castilian Spanish is the official language of the state attaining 68% and followed by other
derivations including Catalan, Galician and Basque. Arabic has recently become a part of
Spanish influencing the language itself and becoming a distinct cultural one alike.
Castilian
Spanish
Castilian
Catalan
Spanish
17%,
(official)
Galician
7%,
74%,
Catalan
and
Basque 2%
Galician
Basque
H. INTRODUCTION
The Kingdom of Spain preserved its existence in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization since
1982, entering its 67th consecutive year as a member in the alliance. In this regard, Spain took
active roles in the Libya intervention and Aegis Combat System along with other allies. It is
essential to note that Spain went through the mill of a national economic quandary
encountering national and international challenges.
I. GOVERNMENT
Spanish People’s Party as a promoter of Christian Democracy has 170 seats in the Senate as
well as holding the governance for the last eight consecutive terms. Right wing is
preponderant both in the parliament and in the constitutional matters.
III.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
parliamentary monarchy
IV.
Association for Victims of Terrorism or AVT (grassroots organization devoted
primarily to supporting victims of the Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA)
terrorist organization)
Socialist General Union of Workers or UGT and the sm aller independent Workers
Syndical Union or USO
Trade Union Confederation of Workers' Commissions or CC.OO.
Spanish Confederation of Employers' Organizations or CEOE
J. ECONOMY
The Spanish economy could recover from the massively effective national economic
crisis yet faced with the European Debt Crisis right after, which inflicted colossal damage to
its economy. Although the Spanish government is promoting fair employment with the
highest potential income rates and lowest possible taxes, the Spanish economy has
unfortunately become the wounded arm of the European Union concerning the communion
about its ambiguous fiscal future.
K. MILITARY
Military expenditures compose 0.97% of the GDP where the number of female military
personnel is greater than that of male personnel including air, ground and marine services.
IV.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Spanish Armed Forces: Army (Ejercito de Tierra), Spanish Navy (Armada Espanola, AE;
includes Marine Corps), Spanish Air Force (Ejercito del Aire Espanola, EdA)
L. ENERGY
Spain has increased its dependence on electricity and the country has also updated its services
suitable for renewable non-pollutant consumption. Electric cars compose 13% of the traffic,
placing Spain on the 7th rank in the Europe.
I.
DISPUTES
Due to the existence of numerous open coasts around the geography of the country, illicit
drug and human trafficking are two major conflicts.
In addition, the country is viewed as the door to European illicit drug market hence heroin,
cocaine and hashish are transshipped illegally.
V.
REFUGEES
The Syrian Refugee Crisis followed by further fluctuations in the Arabic region induced the
designation of the country as the place of stateless persons. In this connection, statelessness is
a legal burden on the Spanish courts as well as arising nationality issues.
TURKEY
Conventional Long Form: Republic of Turkey
Conventional Short Form: Turkey
Local Long Form: Turkiye Cumhuriyeti
Local Short Form: Turkiye
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
Turkish
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Turk(s)
Kurdish
Other
Adjective: Turkish
II.
LANGUAGES
Turkish language has been affected by foreign influences and referred to as Turklish by its
citizens. Kurdish and Arabic languages have been assigned to the relevant populations and
their lessons are optionally given in public schools.
B. INTRODUCTION
In the year of 2049, Turkey has become a country which suffered from numerous foreign and
internal traumas. Throughout this process, the profile and the stance of the nation in
international platform has metamorphosed into a different phase. The issue of Kurds has not
yet been concretely solved along with the economic crisis that severely impacted the country.
The residents are uncomfortable with the rumors that they are inveigled by the media and the
government is heavily influenced by foreign actors.
The Republic of Turkey has successfully preserved its multinational citizen quality and
embraced people of various nations and regions under the same flag. However, the country is
swallowed to a point at which everyone is seen obliged to have a solid political, religious and
cultural stance to be identified and included in a sub-social level. Turkish people are strictly
separated from Kurds, Syrian and Palestinian refugee populations both regionally and
culturally. In retrospect, the government officials are strictly in favor of a stance which unites
each and every member of the nation.
The segmented yet seemingly united Turkish society has followed an unwilling path
throughout the last 20 years in terms of being involved in elections and similar future-oriented
decisions. As a result of the monarchial transition with empowered presidents and leaders, the
society has become aware of the diminishing nature of the national parliament hence
gradually losing its dependence and trust to the parliament itself.
C. GOVERNMENT
The Turkish Government is lead by “Genç Anadolu Zümresi İktidari (GAZI)” while colossal
protests are continuing throughout the nation. GAZI is a central right party and quite
successful in economic strategies which is the main reason behind their election.
I.
GOVERNMENT MODEL
Semi-Monarchial
II.
President of Turkey: Berke Cenk Özbaşaran
Prime Minister of Turkey: Damla Manlas
D. ECONOMY
The promising economic policies of the Turkish Government and the Minister of
Economy Derin Akşit resulted in Turkey’s exponential foreign growth, rapid recovery from
2016 Economic Crisis as well as its shift from agricultural to industrial sectors. Furthermore,
Turkey reached the 11th rank in GDP (both nominal and PPP) opening new doors for
international trade agreements and intensive involvement in international economic
partnerships. The Turkish currency has gained value over dollar and euro while complete
transition to euro with the impact of the EU is discussed.
E. MILITARY
The police prevail over the military forces as a strategic movement of the Turkish
government in terms of paying more attention to internal security issues with rising protests.
The military technology is not a pioneer area of research, yet there exists a moderate
development.
I.
MILITARY BRANCHES
Turkish Armed Forces (TSK):
Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara Kuvvetleri)
Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri; includes naval air and naval
infantry)
Turkish Air Forces (Turk Hava Kuvvetleri)
F. POSITION IN NATO
Turkey has been a member of the Alliance since 1952 and the membership has provided the
country the chance to integrate with the Euro-Atlantic community. The foreign ministry is
acknowledged for frequently addressing the global security power of NATO. Turkey has
substantial contributions in NATO Response Force by having a highly ready one established
in Istanbul.
I.
DISPUTES
The Cyprus Issue and the Aegean dispute are yet to be solved.
II.
REFUGEES
After the Syrian Refugee Crisis, the country has been exposed to massive refugee population
arrivals and shared a significant amount of its budget to its issue. In 2049, most of the
refugees have sent back to safe areas of their countries while some are given Turkish
citizenships and permitted to inhabit in the country.
III.
ILLICIT DRUGS
Turkey is referred to as the key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to
Western Europe and, to a lesser extent, the US - via air, land, and sea routes;
major Turkish and other intern ational trafficking organizations operate out of
Istanbul; laboratories to convert imported morphine base into heroin exist in
remote regions of Turkey and near Istanbul .
UNITED
KINGDOM
Conventional Long Form: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
Conventional Short Form: United Kingdom
Abbreviation: UK
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I.
NATIONALITY
Noun: Briton(s), British (collective plural)
Adjective: British
II.
LANGUAGES
English and Scots (about 30% of the population of Scotland), Scottish Gaelic (about 90,000 in
Scotland), Welsh (about 20% of the population of Wales), Irish (about 10% of the population
of Northern Ireland), Cornish (some 4,000 to 5,000 in Cornwall) (2048 est)
B. INTRODUCTION
In the early 2010’s United Kingdom was actively participating in global politics as an active
member of the European Union, one of the permanent members of UN Security Council and a
founding member of NATO. When the Europe was on the brink of another economic crisis,
United Kingdom ascended itself from the EU with the referendum of 2018. Almost two
decades after its ascending from the Union, UK did not reorientation its policies and kept
implementing its introverted strategy. In 2047, UK was objecting China’s methods of conduct
and evaluating China as a country which breaches the International Law and a tyranny
threating the international security. After addressing the issue in UNSC, United Kingdom of
Great Britain declared that it will follow the Non-Disturbing Abstention Policy and thus UK
will not attend Security Council for a considerable time.
C. GOVERNMENT
UK continues to be a constitutional monarchy, with a symbolic role of the monarch over
executive, legislative and judicial branches. His Majesty’s Government is led by Frank
Ramsey from Conservative Party which is dominant with its 313 seats in the Parliament and
the leader of the Commonwealth realm is the Monarch, King Andrew.
I.
GOVERNMNT MODEL
Constitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm
D. POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS
i.
Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
ii.
Confederation of British Industry
iii.
National Farmers' Union
iv.
Trades Union Congress
E. ECONOMY
Ascending itself from the European Union, especially when the France was suffering from
economic depression, served UK’s economy well. By not being involved with financial aid
packages of the Union was beneficiary for UK and it recorded steady GDP growth which
resulted making it a leading country in the Europe. Subsequently, the British Pound was even
more appreciated in exchange rates.
F. MILITARY
i.
Army,
ii.
Royal Navy (includes Royal Marines),
iii.
Royal Air Force
G. POSITION IN NATO
UK is a great contributor to Alliance, particularly in Eastern Europe. Very High Readiness
Joint Task Force (VJTF) of NATO, a ‘Spearhead force’, with its duty of forming NATO’s
first response in the face of aggression, was led by the United Kingdom until the 2017. UK
contributed to NATO’s Baltic Air Policing mission and various others in Eastern Europe with
its troops and vast number of armored vehicles. UK’s exit from EU and the empty seat policy
in UNSC highlighted its role in NATO.
Despotic regime and dictatorial conducts of PR China drew reaction and as a result, UK
followed the empty-seat policy. UK’s absence in Security Council, fueled China’s influence,
eventuated with NATO substantiating its power by taking a step into the political field in
addition to its nature as a military cooperation.
F. TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
I.
REFUGEES
Refugees (country of origin): 61,249 (Somalia); 11,305 (Zimbabwe); 14,328 (Iran);
10,010 (Eritrea); 12,166 (Afghanistan) (2048)
Stateless persons: 805 (2048)
UK is constantly working on projects which focus on supporting refugees and asylum seekers
for building new lives and resettlements. British Red Cross and other NGO’s with the support
of the government and international organizations are the main actors in this regard.
II.
DISPUTES
Most of the disputes UK having is related to territorial sovereignty of a number of islands. UK
has it plans of granting greater autonomy to Gibraltar while Spain rejects them and Gibraltar
objects to any projection which involves the shared sovereignty between UK and Spain.
Argentina claims the sovereignty of the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia
and the South Sandwich Islands; and also UK’s territorial claims in Antarctica (British
Antarctic Territory) overlaps Argentine claim and partially overlaps Chilean claim. UK
rejects Argentina’s all claims.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Conventional Long Form: United States of America
Conventional Short Form: United States
Abbreviation: US or USA
A. PEOPLE & SOCIETY
I. NATIONALITY
Noun: American(s)
Adjective: American
II. LANGUAGES
English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European 3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%,
other 0.7% (2000 census)
Note: the US has no official national language, but English has acquired official status in 28
of the 50 states; Hawaiian is an official language in the state of Hawaii
Literacy: 99.2%
B. INTRODUCTION
United States of America was the world’s super power with an unmatched global reach in the
beginning of 21st century. In 2040’s, United States hold the reins of power however,
abandoned the role of being the decision maker and with the rise of Germany and Japan in
international arena, US’s long term dominance over NATO has ended. US support Japan over
China in Far East due to China’s authoritarian conducts and overwhelming policies.
Rising economic depression, resulted with US government channeling its financial sources to
military expenditures especially cyber defense technologies instead of being the creditor of
international organizations and thus US have recorded rapid and solid advancements.
C. GOVERNMENT
After 18 years of Democratic Rule, the first female president of United States, a remarkable
leader Jade Judğe was elected, and Republicans held the majority in Congress, while the
Parliament has democrat majority.
I.
GOVERNMENT TYPE
Constitution-based federal republic
II.
POLITICAL PRESSURE GROUPS
i.
Environmentalists;
ii.
Business groups;
iii.
Labor unions; churches;
iv.
Ethnic groups;
v.
Political action committees or PACs;
vi.
Health groups;
vii.
Education groups;
viii.
Civic groups;
ix.
Youth groups;
x.
Transportation groups;
xi.
Agricultural groups;
xii.
Veterans groups;
xiii.
Women's groups;
xiv.
Reform lobbies
D. ECONOMY
United States of America continues to be leading power in industries like petroleum, steel,
automobiles, construction machinery, aerospace, agricultural machinery, telecommunications,
chemicals, electronics, food processing, consumer goods, lumber, and mining.
The economic recession once again hit the country but recovery was soon realized with the
measures put forward by the federal government, such as reducing the additional spending,
creating jobs and most importantly quitting its role of funding the international organizations,
public deficit shrank.
America’s military expenditure is almost equal to rest of the world’s defense expenses
however; it has no intentions to reduce the amount. Since US is willing to possess market
alternatives and supports Japan over China it has been increasing its cooperation with it.
E. MILITARY
i.
US Army,
ii.
US Navy (includes Marine Corps),
iii.
US Air Force,
iv.
US Coast Guard
F. POSITION IN NATO
Economic turmoil and the rise of new powers in global politics have given an end to US’s
leading role, and also to US’s findings, thenceforth Germany and Japan substituted for US’s
funding of the organization as main creditors. Although US have abandoned its decisionmaker role in NATO, the progress that US Army has been through is a major aspiration for
collective defense policy.
I.
DISPUTES
The US has reinforced its internal security measures and is cooperating with neighboring
countries, particularly with Canada and Mexico, to monitor and control trespassing,
transportation and servants across the border. Over the increasing tension regarding ISIS, US
Secretary of State announced all trade agreements with Saudi Arabia is void and summoned
its ambassador back from Riyadh.
II.
REFUGEES
Refugees (country of origin): the US admitted 132,926 refugees during FY2048 including:
28,369 (Syria); 26,488 (Iraq); 22,120 (Nigeria); 16,299 (Burma); 9,134 (Bhutan); 7,608
(Somalia); 4,205 (Cuba); 2,578 (Iran); 1,824 (Eritrea)
Each year, US President and the Congress establish ceilings for refugee admissions allocated
to geographical regions. US have made a decision of setting the number higher due to Red
Horse Disease and ongoing civil wars in Africa and South America.

here. - MUNTR 2017

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