İçindekiler - Kastamonu Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi

SPECIAL EDITION
2012
PROCEEDINGS OF 14th INTERNATIONAL FIR
SYMPOSIUM
EDITORS
Sezgin AYAN
Kastamonu University
Norocel Valeriu NICOLESCU
Transilvania University of Brasov
Raphael KLUMPP
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences
General Compositor by:
Mehmet Hakan AKYILDIZ, Assoc. Prof. Dr.
Cover Photo by:
Rüknettin TEKDEMİR (Forest Engineering, M. Sc.)
Cover Design by:
Mehmet Emin YÜKSEL
14th INTERNATIONAL FIR SYMPOSIUM
IUFRO WORKING PARTIES
Dr. Raphael KLUMPP, Chair of WP 01.01.09 - Ecology and silviculture of European silver fir
Dr. Ulrik Braüner NIELSEN, Chair of WP 02.02.09 - Christmas trees
Dr. Fulvio DUCCI, Chair of WP 02.02.13 Breeding and genetic resources of Mediterranean
conifers
12-14 September, 2012
Kastamonu, TURKEY
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Cilt:12
Sahibi:
Prof. Dr. Seyit AYDIN
Rektör
Genel Yayın Yönetmeni:
Prof. Dr. Temel SARIYILDIZ
Dekan
Editör:
Prof. Dr. Sezgin AYAN
Editör Yardımcısı:
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
Owner:
Prof. Dr. Seyit AYDIN
Rector
General Publishing Manager:
Prof. Dr. Temel SARIYILDIZ
Dean
Editor:
Prof. Dr. Sezgin AYAN
Assistant to Editor:
Doç. Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Doç. Dr. Ömer KÜÇÜK
İstatistik Editörleri:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ömer KÜÇÜK
Statistical Editors:
Yrd. Doç. Dr. Oytun Emre SAKICI
Yrd. Doç. Dr. İlker ERCANLI
Lisan Editörleri:
Assist. Prof. Dr. Oytun Emre SAKICI
Assist. Prof. Dr. İlker ERCANLI
Language Editors:
Öğr. Gör. Burcu ÖZTÜRK
Okutman Mehmet BOLLUK
Okutman Mustafa Öztürk AKÇAOĞLU
Lecturer Burcu ÖZTÜRK
Lecturer Mehmet BOLLUK
Lecturer Mustafa Öztürk AKÇAOĞLU
Danışma Kurulu / Advisory Board
Dr. Ioan Vasile ABRUDAN
Transilvania University in Brasov
ROMANIA
Dr. Marian DRAGOI
Sucaeva University
ROMANIA
Dr. Mersudin AVDİBEGOVİÇ
University of Sarajevo
BOSNIA HERZOGEVINA
Dr. Martin E. ALEXANDER
University of Alberta
CANADA
Dr. C. Marius BARBU
Hamburg University
GERMANY
Dr. Michal ZASADA
Warsaw University of Life Sciences
POLAND
Dr. Herald SCHILL
Eberswalde University
GERMANY
Dr. Miguel CRUZ
CSIRO Ecosystem Sci.& Climate Adap. Flagship
AUSTRALIA
Dr. Paulo M. FERNANDES
Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
PORTUGAL
Dr. Raphael KLUMPP
Universität für Bodenkultur Wien
AUSTRIA
Dr. Marc Eric McDILL
The Pennsylvania State University
USA
Dr. Milko MILEV
University of Forestry
BULGARIA
Dr. András NAHLIK
University of Western Hungary
HUNGARY
Dr. Vilem PODRASZKY
Czech University of Life Science
CZECH REPUBLIC
Dr. Hideo SAKAI
The University of Tokyo
JAPAN
Dr. Metin SARIBAŞ
Bartın University
TURKEY
Dr. Tati Suryati SYAMSUDIN
Bandung University
INDONESIA
Dr. Rachid TELLAL
Université Chouaib Doukkali
MOROCCO
Dr. Mustafa Fehmi TÜRKER
Blacksea Technical University
TURKEY
Dr. Vasileios VASILEIOU
Aristotle University
GREECE
Dr. Zeki YAHYAOGLU
Karadeniz Technical University
TURKEY
Dr. Ahmet YEŞİL
Istanbul University
TURKEY
Dr. Oğuz YILMAZ
Ankara University
TURKEY
Dr. Hasan VURDU
Kastamonu University
TURKEY
Dr. Tetsuhiko YOSHIMURA
Shimane University
JAPAN
Dr. Efi Yuliati YOVI
Bogor Agricultural University
INDONESIA
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Cilt:12
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
Scientific Committee
Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Kastamonu University / TURKEY
Dr. Kadri Cemil AKYÜZ
Karadeniz Technical University /TURKEY
Dr. Evi ALIZOTI
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki / GREECE
Dr. Cemil ATA
Yeditepe University / TURKEY
Dr. Sezgin AYAN
Kastamonu University / TURKEY
Dr. İbrahim BEKTAŞ
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University / TURKEY
Dr. Andrej BONCINA
Univerity of Ljubljana / SLOVENIA
Dr. Alper H. ÇOLAK
İstanbul University / TURKEY
Dr. Fulvio DUCCI
The Agricultural Reserach Council of Italy (CRA) / ITALY
Dr. Musa GENÇ
Süleyman Demirel University / TURKEY
Dr. Dusan GOMORY
Technical University of Zvolen / SLOVAKIA
Dr. Doğan KANTARCI
İstanbul University / TURKEY
Dr. Zeki KAYA
METU / TERKEY
Dr. Raphael KLUMPP
BOKU / AUSTRIA
Dr. Monika KONNERT
Bavarian Research Center of Forestry / GERMANY
Dr. Norocel NICOLESCU
Transilvania University in Brasov / ROMANIA
Dr. Ulrik Braüner NIELSEN
Denmark University of Copenhagen / DENMARK
Dr. Gülen ÖZALP
İstanbul University / TURKEY
Dr. Çiğdem SAKICI
Kastamonu University / TURKEY
Dr. Temel SARIYILDIZ
Kastamonu University / TURKEY
Dr. Fahrettin TİLKİ
Artvin Çoruh University / TURKEY
Dr. İbrahim TURNA
Karadeniz Technical University / TURKEY
Dr. Zeki YAHYAOĞLU
Karadeniz Technical University / TURKEY
Dr. Ahmet YEŞİL
İstanbul University / TURKEY
Dizgi Sorumluları:
Doç. Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Arş. Gör. Ümmü KARAGÖZ
Arş. Gör. Alper BULUT
Compositors:
Assoc. Prof. Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Res. Assist. Ümmü KARAGÖZ
Res. Assist. Alper BULUT
K. Ü. Orman Fakültesi Dekanlığı 37100 - Kastamonu / TÜRKİYE
Tel: +90 366 280 17 02
Fax: +90 366 215 23 16
e-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]
Bu dergi yılda iki defa yayınlanır.
This journal is published two times in a year.
Kastamonu University Journal of Forestry Faculty has been published as REFEREED JOURNAL
according to 11.10.2006 dated and 2006/8 numbered decision of Administrative Board of
Kastamonu University.
Indexed and Abstracted in: EBSCO, CAB Abstracts, FAO Agris, EuroFOREST,
TUBITAK-ULAKBIM (Life Sciences Database)
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Cilt:12
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
Organization Committee
Dr. Sezgin AYAN
Dr. Temel SARIYILDIZ
Ali ŞİMŞEK
Ali ŞAHİN
Sırrı KÖSTERELİ
Süleyman DERİLGEN
Metin SERİN
Dr. Murat ALAN
Mehmet TOKCAN
Dr. M. Hakan AKYILDIZ
Dr. Ahmet SIVACIOĞLU
Dr. Osman TOPAÇOĞLU
Dr. Burak ARICAK
Dr. Oytun Emre SAKICI
Dr. Çiğdem SAKICI
Dr. A. Oğuz ALTUNEL
Dr. Gökhan ŞEN
Bahadır Çağrı BAYRAM
Ümmü KARAGÖZ
Elif AYAN
Alper BULUT
Esra Nurten YER
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Silviculture Department in Forestry General Directorate
Forestry Regional Directorate in Kastamonu
Forestry Regional Directorate in Bolu
Forest Tree Seeds and tree Breeding Reserch Directorate
Western Blacksea Forestry Reserah Institute
Forest Tree Seeds and tree Breeding Reserch Directorate
Western Blacksea Forestry Reserah Institute
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Kastamonu University, Faculty of Forestry
Special edition of the journal is financially supported by
Kastamonu University
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Cilt:12
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
CONTENTS
Climate Change and Its Impacts upon Occurrence of Natural Hybrid Firs …………………………….
Cemil ATA, Bengi KORGAVUS
1
Traditional Usage of the Fir Species: Fir as a Christmas Tree from Middle Asia to Europe …………
Gülzade KAHVECİ
8
The Role of True Fir Species in the Silviculture of British Forests: past, present and future ………...
W.L. MASON
15
Genetic Variability of Seed Characteristics of Abies Populations from Turkey ………………………..
Ercan VELİOĞLU, Yasemin TAYANÇ, Burcu ÇENGEL, Gaye KANDEMIR
27
Effects of Seed Moisture Content Decreasing on Germination Traits of Silver Fir (Abies alba) …….
REZAEI Afsane, NASERY Bahram, HEDAYATI Mohamad-Ali, HAGHVERDI Katayoun
36
Determination of Some Morphological Characteristics of 2+0 Aged Seedlings of Kazdagi Fir
(Abies equi-trojani Ashers et. Sint.) ………………………………………………………………………..
Serap BİLGİN
Optimum Structures of Black Sea Region Fir Forests ……………………………………………………
Ömer SARAÇOĞLU
40
47
Yield Models of Pure Fir (Abies nordmanniana S. subsp. bornmülleriana (Mattf.)) Stands
(Western Black Sea Region) ………………………………………………………………………………..
Nuray MISIR, Mehmet MISIR, Cemile ÜLKER
54
Estimations of Total Ecosystem Biomass and Carbon Storage for Fir (Abies nordmanniana S.
subsp. bornmülleriana (Mattf.)) Forests (Western Black Sea Region) …………………………………
Mehmet MISIR, Nuray MISIR, Seçil ERKUT
60
Modeling Stand Volume using Landsat TM Data for Fir Stands (Abies bornmuelleriana Matth.)
Located in Buyukduz Planning Unit, TURKEY ……………………………………………………………
Alkan GÜNLÜ, İlker ERCANLI, Muammer ŞENYURT, Ayşe TEZCAN YAYLA
65
Fir Working Circles in Functional Forest Management Plans of Regional Forestry Directorate of
Kastamonu …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Kamil KILIÇ, Rüstem KIRIŞ, Mustafa ÇİFTCİ
72
Differences in Visual Perception of Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmulleriana Mattf under
Snow Load …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Çiğdem SAKICI, Elif AYAN, Zeynep Pınar ÖZDİĞER
79
Monitoring the Epidemic of Bark Beetles Determined in Uludag Fir Stands in Ilgaz (Derbent and
Doruk) via Landsat Satellite Images ……………………………………………………………………….
Yalçın KONDUR, Bayram Cemil BİLGİLİ, Ziya ŞIMŞEK, Nuri ÖNER
86
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Cilt:12
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
Vegetation of Uludağ Fir (Abies bornmulleriana Mattf.) and Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis
Lipsky.) Mixed Forests in Ayıkaya- Bolu …………………………………………………………………
Zehra ÖZPAY PALAZOĞLU, Mehmet TOKCAN
91
The Change of Stand Structure in Uludağ Fir (Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana
MATTF.) Forests Along an Altitudinal Gradient …………………………………………………………..
Halil Barış ÖZEL, Murat ERTEKİN
96
The Fir as a Destructor of the Forest Communities in the Republic of Macedonia …………………...
Bojan SIMOVSKI, Jane ACEVSKI
105
A New Distribution Area of the Taurus Fir (Abies cilicica Carr.) in Turkey ……………………………..
Hakan KELEŞ, Ahmet KARA, Özdal YAĞAN, Mustafa DAĞDELEN
114
The Effects of Humidity on Thermal Conductivity of Fir Wood ………………………………………….
Raşit ESEN, Erkan LIKOS, Cemal ÖZCAN, Mustafa KORKMAZ, İzham KILINÇ
121
The Effects of Fire Retardants Paint on Combustion Properties of Fir Wood …………………………
Cemal ÖZCAN, Raşit ESEN, Erkan LIKOS, Şeref KURT, Fatih YAPICI
124
The Effect of Liquid Nitrogen on Retention in Uludağ Fir Wood Treated with Boric Acid and Borax .
Şeref KURT, Cemal ÖZCAN, Erkan LIKOS, Mustafa KORKMAZ
127
Prediction of Withdrawal Strength of Nail of Uludag Fir Wood by Using Artificial Neural
Network (ANNs) ………………………………………………………………………………………………
Fatih YAPICI, Raşit ESEN, Şeref KURT, Erkan LIKOS, Okan ERKAYMAZ
131
Assessing Ecological Factors From an Abies grandis Provenance Test Area after Phytophtora
Root Rot Attack ……………………………………………………………………………………………….
Ayhan USTA, Vildane GERÇEK, Emre BABUR, Şükran GÖKDEMİR
135
Monitoring the Effects of 18 Mart Çan Thermal Power Plant on Kazdağı Fir Ecosystems
(an 8 Year Old Study) ..…………………………………………………………………………………….
Nihal ÖZEL, H. Handan ÖNER, Gıyasettin AKBİN, Mehmet SAYMAN
146
Investigation on Heavy Metal Pollution ın Uludag Fir Forests (Abies nordmanniana subsp.
bornmülleriana MATTF) in the Bartın Region …………………………………………………………….
155
Handan UCUN ÖZEL, Halil Barış ÖZEL
A Dynamic Programming Model to Determine the Optimal Harvest Decision for a Fir Forest that
Provides Both Timber Harvest Volume and Carbon Sequestration Services ………………………….
Tevfik Ziya KULOĞLU, Glen W. ARMSTRONG
161
Epiphytic Mosses Growing on Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmuelleriana Trees in Ilgaz
Forests of Turkey ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
Gökhan ABAY, Serhat URSAVAŞ, Barbaros ÇETİN
170
Some Major Structural Characteristics of a Silver Fir-Dominated Stand in the Lignum Forests
(Bacău County, East of Romania)…………………………………………………………………………..
Valeriu-Norocel NICOLESCU, Hendrik SCHUBERT, Constantin VASILICĂ, Aurica
PĂTRĂUCEAN, Alexandra PRICOP, George CIUBOTARU, Alexandru NIŢULESCU
176
Kastamonu Üniversitesi
Orman Fakültesi
Dergisi
Cilt:12
No:3
2012 Özel Sayı
ISSN 1303-2399
Kastamonu University
Journal of
Forestry Faculty
Vol:12
Issue:3 2012 Special Issue
E-ISSN 1309-4181
Ecology of the Mexican Abies durangensis Martínez …………………………………………………….
Quiñones-Pérez C.Z., Silva-Flores R., Wehenkel C.
180
Relationship between Seed Germination and Catalase Enzyme Activity of Abies taxa from Turkey .
Ayşe AK, Ersin YÜCEL, Sezgin AYAN
185
Relations between Growth and Some Ecological Properties of Fir Stands in GümüşhaneKaranlıkdere …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Murat YILMAZ, Murat BAKKALOĞLU, Ayhan USTA, Uğur KEZİK
The Heart Rot of Abies normanniana subsp. bornmülleriana Mattf. to Altitudes ……………………...
Sezgin AYAN, Sevgi ACAR, Esra Nurten YER, Alper BULUT
Carbon Stock Change Between 1970 And 2009 In Mixed Fir Forest (A Case Study Saraycık
Forest Management Chiefdom) …………………………………………………………………………….
Alper BULUT
189
196
203
Usage of Fir Taxa at Planting Desingns …………………………………………………………………...
Müberra PULATKAN, Mustafa VAR, Elif KAYA
208
The Effects of Exposed to Sea Water Steam on Thermal Conductivity of Varnished Fir Wood …….
Raşit ESEN, Cemal ÖZCAN, Erkan LİKOS, Osman Emre ÖZKAN
217
Dimensional Stability of Uludag Fir Treated with Liquid Nitrogen after the Steam Test ……………...
Şeref KURT, Süleyman ÖZCAN, Fatih YAPICI, Erkan LIKOS
221
Root Biomass and Carbon Storage for Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana (Mattf.) Stands
(Western Black Sea Region) ……………………………………………………………………….
Nuray MISIR, Mehmet MISIR
Study on Cone Formation Stage of Caucasian Fir (Abies nordmanniana ssp. nordmanniana) ……..
Deniz GÜNEY, Şemsettin KULAÇ, İbrahim TURNA
Production of Christmas Trees and Saplings at Power Transmission Lines From Uludag Fir
(Abies nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana (Mattf.) Coode&Cullen) …………………………………
225
228
234
Günal ŞAHİN, Ömer KARADEMİR, Sedat AKIN
Determination of Potential Use in Urban Landscape Design of Natural Abies Taxa Growth at
Different Altitudes in Turkey …………………………………………………………………………………
Bayram Cemil BİLGİLİ, Ömer Lütfü ÇORBACI, Volkan MÜFTÜOĞLU, Gökhan ABAY
237
The Cultivated Abies Taxa in the Landscape Designs of Istanbul ……………………………………...
Aysel ULUS
242
Snowfall Acidity in Fir Forest ………………………………………………………………………………..
Seyfettin KINIS, Ahmet DUYAR
246
Ground Vegetation Change According to the Elevation Level on Pure Fir Forests (Abies
nordmanniana subsp. bornmülleriana Mattf.) in Ardiç-Bartin, Turkey …………………………………..
Murat ERTEKİN, Halil Barış ÖZEL
Bursa, Uludag and Fir ………………………………………………………………………………………..
Nilufer SEYIDOĞLU AKDENIZ, Doğanay YAYIM YENER
251
256
Abies Taxa of Turkey and Their Visual Characteristics ………………………………………………….
Doğanay YAYIM YENER
259
Diameter Distribution of Bornmullerian Fir in Mixed Stands ……………………………………………..
Oytun Emre SAKICI, Mete GÜLSUNAR
263
Heterobasidion Infection in Abies nordmanniana ssp. bornmülleriana Stands in Kastamonu
Province ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
A. LEHTIJÄRVI, H. T. DOĞMUŞ- LEHTIJÄRVI, S. ÜNAL, M. KARADENIZ, A. G. ADAY KAYA,
F. OSKAY
271
Preliminary Results of Wood Endophytes of Abies cilicica in Yenişarbademli in Isparta Province ….
275
A. LEHTIJÄRVI, H.T. Doğmuş- LEHTIJÄRVI, A.G. ADAY KAYA, F. OSKAY
The Importance Therapeutic of Products Extracted from the Fir Tree of Numidia
(Abies numidica) and Research for an Antibacterial Activity …………………………………………….
Tlili- Ait-Kaki YASMİNA, Salima BENNADJA, Djahoudi ABDELGHANİ
279
The Fir of Numidia: a Threatened Kind …………………………………………………………………….
Salima BENNADJA, Tlili Ait Kaki YASMİNA
283
Development of Fir Trees in Mixed Forests of Spruce, Fir and Beech (Piceeto-Abieti-Fagetum) on
Mt. Ljubišnja…………………………………………………………………………………………………...
Milić ČUROVIĆ, Velibor SPALEVIĆ, Milan MEDAREVIC
287
IUFRO FIR Meeting, Kastamonu - 2012
Foreword By The IUFRO Working Party Chairmen
Fir species are valuable corner stones of many forest ecosystems, some of them are locally
dominating the ecosystem, others are rare or even endangered. Fir specialists from all over
the world, scientists, practitioners, professors and students came together at the Ilgaz
Mountains near by the City of Kastamonu, Turkey, in September - 2012 for discussing latest
findings and future research needs.
IUFRO Fir symposium have a long tradition of more than 40 years, but the 14th International
Fir Symposium was the first, which was jointly supported by IUFRO working parties 1.01.09
(Ecology and silviculture of silver fir), IUFRO wp 2.02.09 (Christmas trees) and 2.02.13
(Genetics and breeding of Mediterranean conifers) as well. Thus, intensive exchange of
findings, ideas and research concepts was possible between researchers from many different
disciplines.
Obviously, the organization of a meeting often turns out to be a rather onerous task in terms
of time, effort and finances. However, IUFRO and its success strongly depend on individuals
and institutions that are committed to the cause of forest research and are in consequence
willing to undertake the task of organizing meetings, workshops or similar events. The
IUFRO President, Professor Niels Elers KOCH and his team from the IUFRO headquarter
Vienna would like to express their sincere thanks to all colleagues who have taken it upon
themselves to organize this meeting and contribute to its success.
Fir species of Anatolia and Turkish fir forests are well cared by a successful forest
organisation. Thus we would like to thank the General Forest Directorate of Turkey (OGM)
in Ankara, the former and the present General Directors of Forestry Mustafa
KURTULMUSLU and İbrahim ÇİFTÇİ and all his staff for hosting us in the forests. The
foresters of the regional forest directorates of Bolu (former Regional Director Sırrı
KÖSTERELI), Zonguldak (former Regional Director Hakkı ÜNAL) and Kastamonu (Regional
Director Ali SAHIN) made the excursions being unforgettable events.
The support by the Forestry Faculty of Istanbul, the dean Prof. Dr. Ahmet YESIL and his
faculty members is highly acknowledged. Also, the Western Black Sea Forest Research
Station (Director Metin SERIN) supported the conference what is well acknowledged as well.
We would like to thank in particular Mehmet TOKCAN and Süleyman ÇOBAN for preparing
the pre-conference tour and for guiding us perfectly through the forest of the North West of
Anatolia. The company of Prof. Dogan KANTARCI, sharing his long lasting experience,
opened the door for valuable discussions.
Finally we would like to thank for the hospitality of Kastamonu University and his rector
Prof. Dr. Seyit AYDIN, which prepared the ground for the successful meeting of participants
from so many disciplines and countries. The perfect symposium organisation by Prof. Dr.
Sezgin AYAN and Prof. Dr. Temel SARIYILDIZ and their young team was very much
impressing and made many foreigners new friends of Turkey, the marvellous Turkish forests,
Turkish culture and Turkish forest science as well.
Vienna, Florence and Kopenhagen, August 2013
Raphael KLUMPP (IUFRO WP 1.01.09)
Fulvio DUCCI (IUFRO WP 2.02.13)
Ulrik Bräuner NIELSEN (IUFRO WP 2.02.09)
Preface
The 14th IUFR0 (International Union of Forest Research Organizations) Fir Symposium of
IUFRO Working Party (WP) 01.01.09 & 02.02.09 & 02.02.13 was held during September
12-14th, 2012, at Ilgaz Mountain Resort Hotel in Kastamonu, northern-west of Turkey. The
hotel is located in the centre of Ilgaz Mountain Forests, Abies nordmanniana subsp.
bornmülleriana dominated stands. The symposium included a three-day pre-excursion tour
from İstanbul to Bolu, and to Karabük Yenice Forests (September 9-11th) supported by
Western Black Sea Forestry Research Institute and a half-day field trip within Ilgaz Mountain
Forests. Local organizers were Prof. Dr. Sezgin AYAN and his colleagues from the Faculty of
Forestry, Kastamonu University, Bolu & Kastamonu Regional Directorate, Forest Tree Seeds
and Tree Breeding Research Directorate in Ankara and Western Black Sea Forestry
Research Institute in Bolu.
In the opening ceremony, the president of Kastamonu University, Prof. Dr. Seyit AYDIN,
Deputy Director of Forestry General Directorate, Yunus ŞEKER, Assist. Prof. Dr. Raphael
KLUMPP, Chair of WP 01.01.09 – “Ecology and silviculture of European silver” and
Coordinator of the symposium, Prof. Dr. Sezgin AYAN welcomed the participants.
Fir species grow naturally in a wide range of vegetation zones and site types in European,
Mediterranean and Black Sea Regions. Some of these species are prone to extinction, others;
however, are intensively cultivated. On the other hand, some species are of great economic
importance, but all of them are of high ecological importance for the ecosystems and plant
communities they are part of. It was aimed by the symposium to provide a synoptic overview
on the latest observations in fir ecosystem dynamics, recent threats and suitable management
concepts among researchers and forest managers worldwide. Additionally, the symposium
aimed at reflecting the current scientific achievements on the future directions for sustainable
management of fir forests in the changing social needs and global climate.
175 participants from 21 countries attended the symposium, ranging from senior researchers
to PhD students. 8 keynotes, 50 volunteer orals, and 42 posters were presented. The
succeeding sessions covered the following themes:
1) The current status of fir species in Europe and the Mediterranean region
Ecology of fır species (incl. pathology)
3) Genetics of fir species (incl. provenance trials)
4) Silviculture of fir species (incl. multipurpose management concepts)
5) Economic value and marketing of fır species
6) Usage of fir species in non-wood (Landscape, ornamental plants etc.)
7) The importance of fir species in industrial use
2)
The symposium was my first international event organization. Moreover, it was the first
international event organized by Faculty of Forestry and Kastamonu University. So, it is very
valuable and unforgettable for me. Hence, first of all, I would like to express my gratitude to
the rector and honorary chair of the symposium, Prof. Dr. Seyit AYDIN, for his support to the
14th International Fir Symposium and Dean of Forestry Faculty, Prof. Dr. Temel
SARIYILDIZ. Also, I want to extend this appreciation to Assist. Prof. Dr. Raphael T.
KLUMPP, Chair of WP 01.01.09 (Ecology and silviculture of European silver fir), Dr. Ulrik
Braüner NIELSEN, Chair of WP 02.02.09 (Christmas trees), and. Dr. Fulvio DUCCI, Chair
of WP 02.02.13 (Breeding and genetic resources of Mediterranean conifers). In addition, I
want to express my gratitude to Prof. Dr. Norocel Valeriu NICOLESCU from Transylvania
University of Brasov for his contribution regarding the editing and reviewing processes of
papers.
We would like to express our thanks to the attendees who presented oral and poster
presentations, local organisers for their great effort, Kastamonu University and particularly
Faculty of Forestry for their kind support and financial aid. I hope we had a very successful
symposium in Kastamonu with very sincere and relaxed atmosphere and found the
opportunity to share the experiences and create new ideas. Furthermore, I believe we
established close relations with all the participants from 21 countries. This special issue of
Kastamonu University, Journal of Forestry Faculty includes full papers, we would like to
mention that the responsibility for the published papers lies with the authors.
Kastamonu, August 2013
Sezgin AYAN
Symposium Coordinator & Editor