12. Ünite Simple past to be

SIMPLE PAST TENSE
TO BE
İÇİNDEKİLER
BAYBURT ÜNİVERSİTESİ
UZAKTAN EĞİTİM MERKEZİ
• Geçmiş Zamana Giriş
• "To Be" (Olmak) fiilinin Geçmiş
Zamanda Kullanımı
HEDEFLER
YABANCI DİL I
• Bu ünitede amaçlanan
kazımlar;
• Geçmiş Zamanın kullanım alanlarının
ve hem günlük hayatta hem de
İngilizce dil bilgisinde önemli bir yeri
olan "to be" (olmak) fiilinin geçmiş
zaman hallerinin öğrenilmesi
ÜNİTE
12
SIMPLE PAST TENSE (GEÇMİŞ ZAMAN)
Simple Past Tense, Türkçe’deki Geçmiş Zamanı karşılar. Geçmişte başlamış ve
tamamlanmış eylemleri ve geçmişteki alışkanlıklarımızı ifade etmek için kullanılır. Eylemin
süresi önemli değildir. Yakın ya da uzak geçmişte olabilir.
Örnek
•I watched a horror film last night. (Dün gece bir korku filmi
seyrettim.)
•I played football when I was a student.(Öğrenciyken futbol
oynadım/oynardım.)
Geçmiş zaman, cümlede genellikle aşağıdaki zaman zarflarıyla birlikte yer almaktadır.
Yesterday (dün), yesterday morning (dün sabah), yesterday afternoon (dün öğleden
sonra), vs …
Last night (dün gece), last week (geçen hafta), last month (geçen ay), last year (geçen
sene), last Monday (geçen Pazartesi), vs…
Two days ago (iki gün önce), three weeks ago (üç hafta önce), a month ago (bir ay
önce), vs …
in 1975, vs …
Geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde fiilin “past” (geçmiş) hali kullanılır.Bu ünitede olmak (to
be) fiilinin geçmiş hallerini ve kullanımlarını göreceğiz.
Olmak fiili geçmiş halleri was ve were olmak üzere iki adettir. Özneleri gruplandıracak
olursak, birinci ve üçüncü tekil öznelerde was,diğer öznelerde ise were kullanılır. Tablo 1.1’e
bakınız.
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Tablo 1.1
I
He
She
It
Ahmet
Ayşe
Karabaş
We
You
They
Ahmet and Ayşe
Ayşe and I
Karabaş and Çomar
WAS
WERE
Was ve were ifadelerini durum, yer, hal belirttiğimiz cümlelerde kullanırız.
Olumlu cümlelerde was ve were olan biçim,olumsuz cümlelerde was not ve were not
şeklini alır.
Örnek
•Today I am happy, but yesterday I was sad. (Bugün mutluyum, ama
dün üzgündüm.)
•I was angry because they were late. (Sinirliydim çünkü geç kalmışlardı.)
•My brother and I were at TT ArenA this weekend. (Kardeşim ve ben bu
haftasonu TT ArenA'daydık.
•Today it is sunny, but yesterday it was raining. (Bugün hava güneşli
fakat dün yağmurluydu.)
Tablo 1.2
I
He
She
It
Ahmet
Ayşe
Karabaş
We
You
They
Ahmet and Ayşe
Ayşe and I
Karabaş and Çomar
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WAS NOT
WERE NOT
3
Bu ifadeleri kısaca wasn’t ve weren’t şeklinde de yazabiliriz.Konuşma dilinde de
yaygın olarak bu şekilde kullanılmaktadır.
Örnek
•Our first house wasnt't in the centre of the town. (İlk evimiz şehir
merkezinde değildi.)
•They weren't tired after the game. (Maçtan sonra yorgun değillerdi.)
•She wasn't at the party at Mike's apartment. ( Mike'ın dairesindeki
partide değildi.)
•My friend wasn't at the office today. ( Arkadaşım bugün iş yerinde
değildi.)
Was ve were ile soru cümlesi yaparken ise bu kelimeleri öznenin önüne çekeriz.
Tablo 1.3
WAS
WERE
I
He
She
It
?
Ahmet
Ayşe
Karabaş
We
You
They
Ahmet and Ayşe
?
Ayşe and I
Karabaş and Çomar
Örnek
•Were you at school today? (Bugün okulda mıydın?)
•Was she sad? (O üzgün müydü?)
•Were they in Antalya last summer? ( Geçen yaz Antalya'da mıydılar?)
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Her zaman yukarıdaki gibi evet hayır soruları sorulmaz. Bilgi isteyen wh- sorularında
da was ve were kelimeleri kullanılmaktadır. Wh- soru kelimeleri her zaman cümlenin en
başında yer alır. Böyle durumlarda was ve were yine de öznenin önünde yer alacaktır.
Örnek
•Where were you yesterday? (Dün neredeydin?)
•Why was she so angry? (Neden bu kadar sinirliydi?)
•What was the topic? ( Konu neydi?)
•How was the film? (Film nasıldı?)
Özet
• Türkçe’deki Geçmiş Zamanı karşılayan Simple Past Tense, geçmişte başlamış ve
tamamlanmış eylemleri ve geçmişteki alışkanlıklarımızı ifade etmek için kullanılır.
• Geçmiş zaman, cümlede genellikle aşağıdaki zaman zarflarıyla birlikte yer almaktadır.
•
Yesterday (dün), yesterday morning (dün sabah), yesterday afternoon (dün
öğleden sonra), vs …
•
Last night (dün gece), last week (geçen hafta), last month (geçen ay), last year
(geçen sene), last Monday (geçen Pazartesi), vs…
• Two days ago (iki gün önce), three weeks ago (üç hafta önce), a month ago
(bir ay önce), vs …
•
in 1975, vs …
• Olmak fiili geçmiş halleri was ve were olmak üzere iki adettir. Özneleri
gruplandıracak olursak, birinci ve üçüncü tekil öznelerde was,diğer öznelerde ise were
kullanılır.
• Olumlu cümlelerde was ve were olan biçim,olumsuz cümlelerde was not ve were not
şeklini alır.
• Bu ifadeleri kısaca wasn’t ve weren’t şeklinde de yazabiliriz.Konuşma dilinde de
yaygın olarak bu şekilde kullanılmaktadır.
• Was ve were ile soru cümlesi yaparken ise bu kelimeleri öznenin önüne çekeriz.
• Bilgi isteyen wh- sorularında da was ve were kelimeleri kullanılmaktadır. Wh- soru
kelimeleri her zaman cümlenin en başında yer alır. Böyle durumlarda was ve were
yine de öznenin önünde yer alacaktır.
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ÜNİTE DEĞERLENDİRME SORULARI
MY BAD MONDAY
Last week, there was one really, really bad day. It was Monday. Usually, there are about 25
students in my class, but that day, there were only 5 people! It wasn't warm. In fact, it was
really cold. It was raining a lot. It was dark and gray outside. There wasn't any sunshine. I
think the students weren't at school because they were sick. They were at home. Maybe they
were in bed.
Mr. Jibbit is our teacher. He is always at school. He is never at home on a Monday. Last
Monday was no different. He was not in bed. He was in the classroom, and he was cold! Why
was he so cold? That's a very good question. He was cold because the heater in the school was
broken. It was freezing. The school was like a refrigerator. Our room was like a freezer! And
poor Mr. Jibbit was like ice! The small class was cold, cold, cold!
The next days were much warmer. The heater was fixed on Tuesday, so everything was ok.
There were 25 students, not only 5. But where was Mr. Jibbit? He wasn't there. He was at
home, sick in bed!
ALIŞTIRMA I
Aşağıdaki soruları yukarıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.
1.
The weather ___________cold and rainy.
a) was
2.
d) weren't
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
A lot of students _________sick at home.
a) was
4.
c) were
Many students ________in class.
a) was
3.
b) wasn't
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
c) were
d) weren't
The teacher________at home.
a) was
b) wasn't
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5.
The classrooms___________very cold!
a) was
6.
c) were
d) weren't
Our classroom _______freezing!
a) was
7.
b) wasn't
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
c) were
d) weren't
There______any heat!
a) was
b) wasn't
8. That day_________really horrible!
a) was
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
9. The next days________better.
a) was
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
10. The heat _______ok the next day.
a) was
b) wasn't
c) were
d) weren't
ALIŞTIRMA II
Doğru mu yanlış mı?
1. There were 25 students in the class that Monday.
2. It was warm that day.
3. Mr. Jibbit was present that Monday.
4. The heater in the school was working that day.
5. Mr. Jibbit and the students felt cold that day.
6. The heater was broken on Tuesday.
7. The next days were warmer.
8. Mr. Jibbit had to stay at home because he got sick.
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ALIŞTIRMA III
1. How many people __________ at your house last weekend?
2. The book wasn´t difficult It __________ easy.
3. Those __________ my best jeans.
4. Dinosaurs __________ prehistoric animals.
5. __________ your friends at school yesterday?
6. Sandra __________ not at school yesterday.
7. You __________ nasty to me!
8. __________ your grandparents designers?
9. John and I __________ in the garden.
10. Were your parents in the restaurant? No, they __________ .
11. My grandmother __________ a nurse. She wasn´t a doctor.
12. I __________ thin when I was 6 years old.
13. When I __________ younger, I played with teddy bears.
14. We __________ away on vacation last month.
15. __________ you at the cinema last night?
16. Ten years ago, I __________ a baby.
17. __________ the exam difficult?
18. The film __________ (not) exciting. It was boring.
19. __________ there many people at the party?
20. Were the girls in the park? No, they __________ .
21. Her name wasn´t Kate. It __________ Isabel.
22. Paco wasn´t happy. He __________ sad.
23. Were the boys at the football game? Yes, they __________ .
24. The books __________ (not) on the shelf. They were in the bookcase.
25. __________ Tom at a concert? Yes, he was .
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1
a
1
y
2
d
CEVAPLAR ALIŞTIRMA I
3
4
5
6
7
8
c
b
c
a
b
a
2
y
CEVAPLAR ALIŞTIRMA II
3
4
5
6
7
8
d
y
d
y
d
d
2
3
1
Were Was Were
CEVAPLAR ALIŞTRMA III
4
5
6
7
8
Were
Were Was Were Were
11
12
13
14
Was
Was
Was
Were
21
22
23
24
Was
Was Were Weren’t
15
16
Were Was
17
Was
18
9
c
10
a
9
10
9
10
Were Weren’t
19
20
Wasn’t Were Weren’t
25
was
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KAYNAKLAR
Aydın, K. (ed.), (2009). English With Us: An Integrated Coursebook, Ataturk University School of
Foreign Languages, Erzurum.
Köksal, D. (ed.), (2008). Campus Life: English Course for Young Adults, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara.
Daçe, S., (2007). More Main Points: Elementary – Upper Intermediate, HacettepeTas, Ankara.
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