BSPIECJIAB HBAHOB — KOMMEHTATOP

EUROPA ORIENTALIS 21 (2002): 1
BSPIECJIAB HBAHOB — KOMMEHTATOP HOBOFO 3ABETA.
HPERBAPHTEJILHIDIE COOBPAXEHH51
~peti Apxunoe
Hpennaraeman cTaThm npencTannneT co6o11 npaxTvinecKn He 143meHeHHhHI,
pane TITO HeCKOJILKO 110110JIHeHFIL1Ii npnmepamn, TeKCT MOef0 Romana Ha
KoHchepeHnvm V. Ivanov: Poesia e Sacra Scrittura. OnHaico, B HeicoTopom npoTnnopenlin c Temoil KOWDepeHHHH, H 6yny ronopnTh o6 HnaHone He Atexòy
no33neil H En6nneil, He Buyrpn 3aAasaemoro TaKIIM 06pa3om npocTpaHcma,
npenaToro BCCB03MWKIIMMII CHHTe3aMH "6H611a1CKOr0" H "noaTnnecicoro" B
camom mnpoKom CMIACJIe, a cTporo Ha onnoft 143 rpankm 3TOPO npocTpaHcrrna,
Ha nomoce 6H6.11e11CKHX 3a11511.11H HBaHOBa HOCSICAHHX neT ero }KH3HH — 3aHnTlin, 110 11T14 (II n0 cyTn!) JIHIIIeHHbIX BCSIKOPI 4103314H. 1103TOMy eCJIII B MOCM
coo6LneHnn H 6yne.r conepncaThen TITO-TO "nwrepecHoe", TO 3T0 6yneT KaK
pa3 He npncyupn PlnaHony "HenwrepecHocm".
Penh notíneT O Kommewrapnzx HBaHOBa K HOB03aBeTIIbIM KHnram OT
untiti Anocrnorwe Ao Ornicpoeeniin Hoanna Bozociloua. 3To orina 143 nocnenHIR pa6oT HBaHOBa: OH Hanam pa6oTaTh Iran 3THMH KommeHTapnnmn BecHOiIIJIeTOM 1941 F. 14 3aKOIPII411 pyKOHHCI, OKOJIO cepennimi OKTH6pH 1942, a
3TM BILTIOTb nO H3RaH1134 Kommewrapust B 1946 r., IleCKWILKO pa3 pa6oTan
HaR HX KoppeKTypoil. Ho chopme Kommewrapnil B OCIIOBHOM
KaK
Kpancne HOCTH11111bIe npnmenanHn-cnocicn K HpeRHOJI0)KHTe.TILHO Tpygnhim ARSI
npannnhHoro HOHHMaIIH51 141114 K ROKTIIHallbII0 Ba)KHbIM mecTam.
Pa6oTa nenanach Ha 3aKa3. lionp061I0cTH 3aKa3a mne iie II3BeCTI1b1, HO
0 11e1314A110, TITO 3T0 6b131 HepKOBIlb111 3aKa3 H TITO men 011 nepe3 KOJII1ef Plhanona no HaHCKOMy BocTonHomy PllicurryTy (Pontifice Istituto Orientale, PIO)
14 Pyccnxymy ne3ywron o. o. BennennHa 51nopxy (1882-1956) H Plocnctm
Illnailrmi (1894-1964). 110-BHAVIMOMy, 3TOT 3aKa3 6h1n nacTino 6onee lunpoK0r0 Kpyra 3aKa30B, CBSI3aI1111,1X C KaTOSIIIneCKHM (BOCT0 ,1110F0 061»qa) 6orocnpKennem Ha pyccicom H gepKonHocnannHcKom 513bIKaX. B qaCTHOCTI4, Torna
n(e 14 Hp14 TaKom we no cpopme ynacTnn 0. Illnatiraz PlnaHon cnenan nepenoAhl HeCKWIbKHX RaTIIIICKHX JII4TypflIneCKHX TeKCTOB Ha HepKOBIIOCJIaBSIHCKHH
40
Ariòpeii Apxlinoe
apxnue HBaHOBa 11MCIOTCSI 3a11HCKH IIIBaIirHH Kacalounlecn 3THX IICKoHenHasi nenb 3THX 3aKa3ou HO nepesoRy 14 KOMMeHTHpOBaHHIO
He s'ella, HO cynn HO ynacnno B HHX O.O. 51B0pK11 14 111Batk.11S1, He HCKJIMIe110,
1 1TO OHI4 6bIJIH nacTmo npoelera pacumpeHnsi Ae5ITe.11bHOCTH KaTOJIWICCKOP1
lIepKBH B BOCTOIIHA EBp011e. BO3M0>KHO, TITO HeKoTopme cpaKTbl, O KOTOpb1X
H eLLIC 6yRy 1OB0pHTb, MO>KII0 IICTOJIKOBaTb KaK aprymenTm 113 II0J1b3y aToil
noranKH. CaMH (1)Hrypb1 oo. 14e3y14TOB B 3TOM cmbicne BeCbMa 110Ka3aTenbHb1.
O. 5InopKa 6bin 11CpBbIM peicTopom PyccHxyma, T. e. Konnernyma nasi nogroTOBKH cHenHanncTou HO nocTotalomy o6pngy. KOJIJIeFllyM 6bIJI co3nan B 1929
H ero naTpcmeccoil 6bina 06 -b1mena CB. Tepe3a MnaneHna I4Hcyca, npopow3man o 6ynyinem POCCHH, .1111111b HegasHo KanoHn3Hpouaima5 (B 1925 r.),
14 y)Ke cTainuan 06a1TelIbHb1M CHMBOJIOM "o6painenHa" POCCHH. PyccHxym
6blJI He60nbumm ytipe>meHnem, Ho emy npunauanH Hemanoe 3HaneHne B BOCTOUHA 110.11HTHKe rhig XI. B 1941 P. o. 5IBOpKa coo6uRin 14BaHouy o 'umile
HoBoro xommeHTHponamoro H3RaH1151 HOBOF0 3aBeTa, ORHaK0 ganbxefiume
KOHTaKTbI C HBallOBb1M HO nouony aToro HpennpnnTnn B3SIII Ha ce6n
0.111nArnb, TaK KaK cam O. 5IBopKa OT6bIJI C mmccnefi 13 pyccKne KaTonnnecxne 11pHX0Rb1 B ICHTae, a 3TM Ha 3ananHoti YKpanHe, Fge B 1943 r., ripH OTcTyruieHHH Hemeinmx BOACK OH oxa3ancn B COBCTCKHX narepmx. 2
O. 111Ba11Pl1b TO>Ke 6b1J1 ORIIHM 143 nepublx nacenbluncou PyccHxyma n TO>Ke aKTHBHO ynacTucman B BOCT0 11HOPI HOJIIITHKe namm. B 1926 P., B pamicax
MHCCI4H en. ~ama n'3p6Hmbn, OH e3nun B CCCP C namepeHnem CTaTb npenonauaTenem B KaTonlinecKoti ceminiapHH B Onecce. CemuHapHst Tal( 14 He 6bina OTKpbITa, 11414CC1451 MCp. n'3p6Hmbn He ynanacb, T. K. OH He CMOF H14 CO3)IaTb
B CCCP KaT0.1114 1IeCK011 nepapxnn, H14 Hponoxoub HyTH K KonxopnaTy nanbi C
60J1bLIIeB14KaMH, 14 111BaI1FIlb Hpononwan ynacTuouaTb B BOCTO 1IHOPI 110JIHTHKe
yxce npaxTlinecKn TOJIbK0 CBOHM nepoM. B KoHne 20-x F01:10B OH 011y6JIHKOBal1
IleCKOJILKO lumi- 14 6p0111K)p O nonox<enlill nepicum B H01114T1111eCKOM KOHTeKCTe
601113LLICBH3Ma, O nepxormoKanonlinecKoil cnTyannH B pyCCKOM npauocnamin B
20-e FORbl, O nepcneKTHBax B31114MOTOCTBHSIme>Kny KaTonvinecKoil gepxobbio
H COBeTCKHM npaimenbcTuom. 31-IaCTb 143 3THX KIII4F 6bina 143naHa B Fepmannll
SI3b1K (B
,
peBogoB). 1
OTHOCALH,CIICSI KO npemerm comarinz KOM. "Ivanov a Roma".
Vincenzo Poggi Si,
2 K co>Kaneutato, MHe He manoch BOCII0J1630BaTI,CA KH. C. Simon. Russicum: Pioneers and Witnesses of the Struggle for Christian Unity in Eastern Europe I Leonid
Feodorov, Vendelin Javorka, Theodore Ronza. Roma 2001.
3 Joseph Schweigl 1) Die hierarchien der getrennten Orthodoxie in Sowietrussland
1. Ihr gegenseitiges Verhffitnis. Il. Ihre kanonischen Grundlagen. - Orientalia christiana, Vol. X111-1, Num. 46, Vol. XV 3, Num. 54, Roma 1928; 2) Der Bolschewismus.
I O nepenucKe IluaHona co
mewrappleB,
CM.
B
HacT.
TOMC CTaTb10
-
BArleCAU“
Pisanoa — Kommenmarnop Hoeozo 3aetema
41
HemenKom nepesoRe 4 inesimse (Dpvinnxa choH .TIamui (1876-1944), miogoBlITOr0 nepicosHoro nncaTeJIH, xoTopsiil B 3noxy KOIIKOMaTOB ThIn XI TO>KC
11HCa.11 Ha TM "BanixaH H ..."5 H, BepOSITHO, 6bIJI 6J1H3OK K nancicomy HyHgmo B repmamm en. 3y)pKeHHo Ilatiennli (c 1929 r. — xamimany, c 1939 r. —
nane 111110 XII). DIHTepecHo, ()mimo, ero co(mneime Ha Apyryio TMY — choH
Hama 6huI osmam 143 nepssix, KTO Hanncan O >K113IIII Tepe3bl HOHMaIIII 143 KOHHepcpekra (Therese Neumann, 1898-1962, KaHorivimposaHa a 1998 r.), ocnen3aTem ripo3pesniel1 no M01114TBaM K Tepe3e Mammina Hucyca n nony'114BIlleil cmrmami. 6 3Ta Kom6HHamisi y(lacTmc B nanciwil HOJIHTHKC B LleHTpansHoil H BOCT0'1110fi Espone, icynsTa CB. Tepe3bl MilaReinia I4Hcyca H 1114qHbIX CBSI3CI1 1IIBaiirJIR, CPOH JIaMbl, 3yR>KellHO Ilagesum (H mornx gpyrmx
KoHeinio) 3ac.ny)KHsaeT HpHCTaJIbHOI'O HCCJICA0BaHH51, noTomy tuo 0110
MO>KCT sam ripeReTasneHlle O mncTimecim-npocherrimecicom (a ne imnssrmom
"ILIHHOHCKOM", "flOJIHTHKalICKOM", "He3yHTcicom") 113MCpCHH14 0,51/30/itik'14 I11151
XI H MISI XII. HMCI1110 B 3TOM CMIACJIC HHTCpCCHO,
O. IIIsahrns oica3ancsi
RoHeperifibtm mmiom ITHR XII B ACJIC O "TpeTbefi Tai1He (Dammi". B 1952 r.
HO nopriemuo rianui OH Haseman B KOHM6pCKOM KOHBCIITC cecTpy Ameni°
CaLiTym, KOTOpOil B 1917 r. SIBHBLIIaSICSI eli H ente ABym OCTSIM Boropownia
noseiriana TpH Talillbl, °mia 143 KOTOpbIX 6sma npoponecTsom o 6yRyinem PocC1414.
B ro)tbi, Korga 14naHoH pa6oTaII HaR KommetiTaptlamm K ACRI-1142M, Hocna11145IM 14 OTKpOBCIIHIO, 11lisailrab npogon>Kait CBOH HCCJIeROBaHHS1 06 omomenn
SIX HepKB11 (H, ulive, pennrim) 14 rocywipcma B CCCP B HX oTpa)Kelinci O
Aus dem Italienischen Obertragen von Friedrich Ritter von Lama, Augsburg 1929
(Politik und Kultur; Schriftenreihe der Augsburger Postzeitung. Hefte 7, 9); 3) Moskau
gegen Vatikan. Augsburg 1930 (Politik und Kultur; Schriftenreihe der Augsburger
Postzeitung. Heft 8).
4 VITallbAHCKHC opttritHanbi 6b11111 MHC, K co)Ka.neHtito, Hejtouryntibi. OHH nepemucneHbl B craTbe O. FIOR>KH B HacT. Tome.
5 YKa>Ky TO.116K0 ABC ero pa6oTbi Ha 3Ty Temy, He OTKpb1BaK)111,He H He 3ambiKatoutne
ee: Friedrich Ritter von Lama 1) Deutschland und der Vatikan. Ein Beitrag zur politischen Orientierung. Berlin 1921, 2) Papst und Kurie in ihrer Politik nach dem Weltkrieg, dargestellt unter besonderer Berticksichtigung des Verhiiltnisses zwischen dem
Vatikan und Deutschland. Illertissen (Bayern), Martinusbuchhandlung, 1925.
6 Friedrich Ritter von Lama, Therese Neumann von Konnersreuth, eine Stigmatisierte unserer Zeit. Bonn 1923.
7 Frère Michel de la Sainte Trinité, The Whole Truth About Fatima. Buffalo, N. Y.,
Immaculate Heart Publications, 1990, Vol. 3 (The Third Secret [1942-1960]), p. 710.
42
Atiòpefi Apxiinoa
"cTainnicxoll KOIICTHTy1111H". 8 C Hanana 40-x FOROB O. 111Ba11r./113 3amimancn 113RaIIHeM Cnpxe6Horo EnaHrenug, a TaloKe pyxoHogvin pa6oToù no commino
KOMMCIITHp0BaHHOF0 pyccxoro Honoro 3aBeTa, 9 Hag HTopoil nacTbro KOT0p0ro pa6oTan HBaHOB. Ilo-Hvignmomy, 3aHSITHS1 Cny)Ke6Hhim EBallreJ111eM COeRHIISI.T1HCb y Hero C 3aHSITHSIMH nviTyprvixoil Hoo6Ine, 'ITO CO Hpemenem Bblpa3HJIOCb B H3gaHun ApxuepeikKoe c✓ picatue Boxectneennoù Ilutnypzutt no 611aartnittikKo-caaasuicKamy o6p.eòy canu4ennodeacrn3un (PI4m, H3g. Pamcxo-KaTOnntIeCK011 Cemmapun Pyccmgm, 1959).
HTaK, 3aKa3 Ha xommeHTapHil FICX0AHJI OT IWpKOBHbIX HHCTaHHHA, HepoSITHO, OT KoHrperanvin no genam BOCT0'11101i Uepiall4 H men nepe3 O.O. ne3ynTOB. 1() R0 CHX nop buie He yganocb 06Hapy>KHTv. Hil ()moro goxymeHTa, B KOTopom cogep)Kannch 6bi ero TO'IHble yCROBH51 (KaK, nanpirmep, cpox Hcnonnerompap, epa KOHTp0J151 CO CTOp011b1 3aKa3inua) HJ1H ero napameTpm
(o6-bem TCKCTa, cTpyxTypa xommenTapnvi, BO3MOACHLIA o6pa3en). 14Hatie FOBopsi, mHe He H3BeCTHO, B KaKOLI epe 6ygyunv11 meiccm KommeHTapnvi npegonpegenvincH 3TIIMH yC.110B1151MH, HJIH, 'ITO TO )Ke camoe, HaCKOTILKO aBTOp 6Bin
orpanwien B cHoeti TBOWICCK011 CB060IIC. H3 ananvna HBaHOBCKHX xommeuTapHeH, OTIHaKO, 3TH yCJIOBVIR n napameTpm MO>KHO ecnn IIC BOCCTaHOBHTL, TO
gocTaTonno gocTorlepno Hoo6pa3nTb. B naCTHOCTH, BHAHO, IlaCKOJIbK0 aBTOp
6bui orpaHvineH B 061,eMe, 13 Kpyre FICTOMIIHKOB, B pa3Hoo6pa3inv 3aTparnBaeMbIX TeM. MO)KHO ripegnonommb (CM. 06 3TOM HH)Ke), 'ITO Hee 3TI4 orpaHHgeHnst HCX0A1111H HMCHHO OT 3axa3iinxa, KCM 61A OH HI1 6b1.11. B o6uvem, Hannca-
8 Giuseppe M. Schweigl, L'articolo 124 della Costituzione sovetica sulla libertà dei
culti, raccolta di. Roma 1946 [= Documenti e studi di espansione cristiana, 3], Il
nuovo statuto della Chiesa russa e l'art. 124 della Costituzione sovetica. Roma 1948
[= Documenti e studi di espansione cristiana, 4].
9 3Tur chater 1-114KaK HO o'rpa>KeH B BbIXOR1-1131X RaHHbIX 3'114X IngaHHil. TeM 6onee npnmciarrenbHo 'l'o, Tro B pme ~rimmel< CWA "aurropc.rno" PHNICK0F0 HOBOF0 3ancra
1944-1946 rr. npnrittchinaercsi o. WHaiirnto (B 6H6nHoTekax American Bible Society,
New York City, Woodstock Theological Center, Washington, DC — EHaHre.rutH 1944
r.; a u 6n6ntio'reicax 'coro >Ke American Bible Society, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, Boston, Yale University, John Carroll University, Cleveland, Ohio,
University of Dayton, Ohio — ReA1-11,151 etc. 1946 r.). Beposrmo, 6146.rinorpachul 3TkIX co6pamifi nem:3°8mile', yka3aTe.nem lesus Juambelz S.I., ed., Index Bibliographicus
Societatis lesu, Romae 1937-1977, vol. 1-20. B rleTBepTOM TOMO 3Toro ykaaaTensi (c.
656) Haitaime PIIMCKOF0 EuaHre.rmz 1944 r. arpHOympyercH o. Illuafirnio (Ho unpoHem N O. Gralmc.nauy TbILIIKel3Wly).
IO KOCBCHHIAM CB11)1eTeJlbCTBOM mo>KeT C.Illy*HTb FINC6M0 K I4BaHOBy ceKpeTapH 3T0ì1
KoHrperatum; orty6sulkouaHo
13
Hac.r. 'rame
n
cm'rbe O.
flo)pKH.
B.FIWCAU6
HeaHoe — Kommeumamop Hoeozo 3aeema
43
KommeHTapHeB cxopee mo)KeT paccmaTpreramca KaK pyTHHHasi pa6oTa npocpeccopa PIO, iiem convmenHe 3acTpaBaraHTHoro noaTa H
MbICJIHTeJ1 H. RHclullunnia SIBHO aommHpyeT nag reHHem, cmHpeHHe —
pbmom.
TeKCT KommerrrapHeB He 11p0H3BOA14T BI1C 11aTJ1eIIFISI, TITO HBanorry 6b1n0
onem HHTepemo pa6oTaTb Jim HHMH. TeM He menee, pa6oTa BbI11011HeHa
TuraTenbm: Ha Bcex neTbipex ypomax pyrconHcH, T. e. npeABapwreambrx 3aMeTOK, Kapamaumoil pyKonHcH, nepHoBoil MaIIIHHOIIHCH H 6C110BOA maunmo1114C14, HmesoTca Henpamema, °Ami«) no HX xaparcrepy HeJIb351 He 3aKJI 1011 11Tb,
TITO y 14BaHorra He 6b1J10 KaKHX-11 1160 COMHeHHH. 141114 xone6aHrni, TITO OH TOtIHO
3HaJI, KaK TronsKen 6b1.11 BbITJIMACTb ero aommeHTapHn, 14 TOJIbK0 nerrammeeKH
11pH6.11 14)Kaa HaJIHIIHbg1 TeKCT K 3Tomy Haeany.
HOBTOpYIK), HBaHOBCKHe KommeHTapHH — aTo He TO MCCTO, rae FIBaHOB
BbleTynaeT KaK C0 11 141114TeJIb, T. e. B ero 11p1IBIX1H011
nac pormi. KommewrapHH He Rasoi' HaM 1314ReTb ero ripmbinHyso cpH3HoHommo, ero 1111 1IHOCTL, ne TraTOT pacemaTpmaTb ee, e HaBea(Boil PIJIH 6e3 Hagesimbi yBru:term B Hen TITO-To
aocene HeH3BeCTH0e, HO ymeTb 141114 He yBHaerb HMCHHO B He1Ì. ABTOp 14 aBTOpCTBO 3AeCb npetreamo yMaJISHOTCH 14 eTHparoTca, AenaroTesi Heorro3HaBaeMb1M14 H Hem-rrepecimmH, necynrecisembimll Ana turraTena, a numi° KpHTHaa
CT/11 10BIITCH CITO-TO BpoAe ono3nama (forensic identification) nopTpeTa, H
npwrom HeraTHBa nopTpeTa, T. e. orrHeica, nero-To oTpasKeinioro B nHon
cperle.
Mamme PnmcKoro pyecxoro HOBOTO 3aBeTa comparermo aHoHHMHo. 11 B
Hem FIeT penmembHo HHKaKHX npn3HaKoB, yaammatourvtx Ha asTopemo, H
01114 amo He npeanonaranHeb Ho camomy ero 3ambicay. EcjIn, Hnsi noxa, BbI He
3ImeTe 11114 He HHTepecyeTecb, nen UTO TeKCT, OH OCTaeTCH 1111.112t1M. TenBeH111,151 K geHin1liBmyann3amil TeKCTa IlaCTOJILKO anima, Jim rusTopa — n rra>xe
CO6CTBCHHO aBTOpCTBO — KpanHe Tpymo ce6e BOO6pa314Tb. H Hao6opoT, 3Hast,
KTO HMCHI10 6bIJI aBTOpoM, MO>K1 10 11peACTaBHTb ce6e, OT ger0 eMy HaR0 6b1110
Hlle HBaHOBLIM
OTKa3aTbC51, IITO6b1 CTaTb CTOJIb alIOHHMHb1M. B 3TOM CMbICIIe 51 H FOB0p10
HefaTIIBHOM
nopTpeTe aBTopa. RI151
Ile3aHHTCpeCOBaIIIIOTO 11HTaTeJ1 51 aBTOpa
3ReCb 11pOCTO I1CT; I7(11H FICCJICROBaTeJ151
HBaHOB =
meeb 'laringe) napartoae awropema:
He-14BaHorLy.
ykaaaHne Ha tuerropc'ruo Kommewrapiteit 13 nemamom
KpaTkoil peueitann o. Illuailuist Ha ny6ntiKauttto u'ropoil qacTit
PIAMCKOF0 HOBOF0 3ancra, J. Schweigl, Die erste katholische Ausgabe der Apostelgeschichte, Apostelbriefe und Offenbarung in russischer sprache, "Biblica" 28
(1947), pp. 289-290.
11 MI-1e HaBeCTHO TOIlbK0 ORHO
H3J1a1-11114, a VINICHHO B
44
Attòpeti Apxunoe
TeM He meHee, aHOHHMHOCTb, O KOTOpOrl B roBorno, ecTL, TaK cKa3aTb,
Br:Annan aHOHHMHOCTb, Korga 1.0110C aHOHITMa HanimaeT 3BytiaTb KaK csepxJ11411Hb1P1 ronoc KOJII1eKTHBa, Tpaglinlili, HCTHHbI, ne. KaK ronoc nepKlili. 51 JEwmaro, LITO HBaHOBa KaK xplicTliauxHa, KaK y6e)KgeHHoro KaTOJIHKa H KaK
mbicnliTeng-climBonlicTa, tIeÌ3 geBa3 6bin a realibus ad realiora, npliBneKana
ligeli npliHeceHlili B lizepTBy CO6CTBeHHOTO ronoca BO HMSI o6peTeHlix rwioca
nepKonHoro H BceneHcKoro. Taxan men TeM 6onee morna 6bITb npliBneKaTenbHa Agli Hero, CITO K Tpaglinliomomy pyccKomy TeKeTy HOBOTO 3aBeTa,
acconlilipyemomy C pyCCKHM npaBoenaBliem, OH KaK pyCCK1411 KaTOJIHK HMe.TI
BO3MO}KHOCTb ITHCOCI(HHHTI, PHMCKO-KaTOJIWIeCK0e nommaHlie H HOBOTO 3aBeTa H xplicTliaHma 13 lienom.
KpatiHeli epe — o6epTonbi TaK010 11011Hmarmsg.
no
AgpecaT KommeHTaplig — 3TO TO)Ke 060611IeHHbffi, J1K/601%1, BCSIKHII, T. e.,
HeKOTOpbIM CMbICJIOBbIM aKnenTam KOMmeirrapmg MO)KHO npegnonaraTb, íITO THHHiIHbIIi agpecaT — 3TO pyccKlifi npaBocnamblil, HHTepecytounfilca KaTOJIWIeCTBOM, B03M0)KHO, rinaHlipywilinil o6paunenlie, Pigli galite HegaBHlili npo3enliT, co cpeglie-HH3Klim ypoBHem o6pa3oBa1lili 14 C MHHI4MalIblI0(4 KpliTlinecKoli HHTylinneil. 06innli 3aMbICe11 KOMMeHTapHn cKopee npegnonaraeT limenneKTyanhHoe cHlicxolizgeHlie aBTopa K agpecaTy, nplicnoco6nenlie K HeMy, qem nogHgTlie ero go CO6CTBeHHOI'O ypoBHli.
1HO, no)Kanyil, II0B0.11bH0 C1MBOTIHCTCK011 Hge0.11011414.
eCJIll yTOI(HO, 1114KaKOPI nenoBeK.
no
14HTepripeTaglisi HBaHOBCKOTO Kommeffraplisi 3aTpygngeTcx ne TOJIbKO ycpegHeHHocTbio 1411TeJIJICKTyaJILHOTO naliginacpTa ero TeKCTa, HO eine H ero
MO3a14 11HOCTMO. HplimenaHne (11a3OBCM TaK e) liHliny KommeHTaplili) TO H Reno
meHlieTcli He TOJIbKO 13 OTHOHICHIM pa3mepa 14 cogepx<anlig, HO li licanpa. KopoTKoe nplimenalllie, nolicHsnoiliee licToplinecKyto pealimo 141111 BeTxo3aBeTHy10 MA1031410, MO)KeT CMeHHTbCB 60JIee npocTpammim paccy>KgeHnem )10 KTpvm anblioro xapaKTepa, li Cpa3y lice nepelim B TeKCTOJIOrH'IeCKyIO 141114 .11 141 1TBucTilmecKylo cripamy. TOr1H0 TaK )Ke Heparmomeputo H KOJIHIIeCTBO HOB03aBeTHOTO TeKCTa, noKpbmaemoro TeM 14.11 H HI1b1M nplimenaHliem: npnmenaHne
MO)KCT OTHOCHTbCSI cpa3y K rpynne CTHXOB, 111114 K onnomy cmxy, 111114 npocTo
K onHomy CJI0By. RASI li(aHpa KommeHTaplili BCe 3T0 cosepruenHo HOpMaJIbH0,
HO BcaKali 11011bITKa TOJIKOBaTb TaKoli TeKCT KaK aBTopcKnil 6ygeT Hanomliun'h TOJIKOBaHHe CHOBH11e111131 C ero OTC11e)KHBaHl4eM MOTHBOB 14 HOBTOpIII011RIXC51 TIpHCMOB. TaK, B garibriegmem Mb! 3aMeTIIM Bp01Ie 14111114BH14yanbI1OFO, TaK CKa3aTb, CHTHaTypHOTO CTHJIB 13 HC11011b30BaH1414 TeKCTOB H0a11Ha 311aTOYCTa H gpyrlix OTI40B IIepKBH, a 311/1 1IHT, neTO-TO TaKOFO, TITO,
KI110 6bIJI aBTOpOM KOMMeHTapHSI, MO)KHO TaK 141114 HHage TOJIKOBaTb.
313W1,
HpliBegy nplimep Taxa,' MO3a14IIIIOCTH, KOTOpb111 3a011110 MO>KeT 410C11y)KHTb BBegeIIVIeM 13 "11(160paTOpH10 " HBaHOBa-KOMMeHTaTOpa. TaK, B KOMMeH-
BR9CC.Iltla
Hearam — KoAtmeumamop floaozo 3ueernu
45
Tapun K Hanany rn. 5 IlepHoro nocnam4m K cDeccanommingam nepHoe npnmenatine OTHOCHTC51 K
1-3 H no chopme npeAcTannmeT co6oil nepecKa3 "napannenundx MeCT", C0e4HHel1HbIPI C HCTOJIKOBallHeM CMbICJIa, oanero 4451 KOMmewmpyemba CTHXOB 14 RJI H napannenbHmx mecT. 3TOT nepecKa3 npemamano-HmHmomy, Ansi HHTaTenH, He cnoc06Hor0 He TOJIbKO BCHOMMITI, 3T14
MeCTa, HO 14 HpOCTO BOC11011b30BaTbCH 06b1 4IllbIM yKa3aIlHeM Ha
1:7 HJIH MapK 13:32. HeCK011 bKHMH CTp0KaM14 11~,
5:8, Ha Ilepl3b111 BUJI 44, nocTpoeno TOrIHO TaKHM X<e
o6pa3oM, T.e. nepecKannmeT napannenbHoe mecTo. B 4e1ICTBHTeablIOCTII,
3T0 npnmenaime nbncHaTbmaeT TOJIbKO 0414H 143 aJLTIer0p11 41eCKHX 06pa3OB 143
nenoro aHanornimbix emy H o61nlix KaK Kommewmpyemomy cl)parmeHTy,
Tal( H napannenmomy mecTy. B camom Rene, Kommeffrupyembni TexcT 1 (1)ecc
5:8 HMeeTcu B Ed) 6:10-17 — uTo He Tonmco "napannenbHoe mecTo", Ho H co6CTBeHHO TeKCT, Ha KoTophin TeKCT 1 (DeCC CCIAJIaeTC51 KaK Ha HCTOIIIIHK.
3TH MeCTa, Bp04e ReSIII
IlpHMeMaHHe K 1 (DeCC
I cDecc 5:8: [...] Jla Et, 6:10-17: (10) [...] mennsulTech FOCI -10)10M H moryw,errnom
C14.1161. (11) 06BCKHTCCI, BO eceopymue BO>Klie
(13) H rippiB 6p0I110 iimprre eceoppele BoAcHe [...] (14) [...] CTalibTe, tipenoncaH ,-tpecBepb1 H JJFO6BII H 13 na nauni HcrHHOlO H o6aeximach B 6pouio npaneRnocTn, (15) H
MB CM HaRe>i<gbl o6yo 0021113 FOTOBHOC'I'b 6naronecTaonam mnpy (16) [...] B036M11cnacennsi
Te 1«////1 eepbb Kompbem BO3M0>KeTe yracwrb BCC paCKallCHHble
c'rpeabi nyKanoro; (16) 14 umem citacennii B036M11Te, H Ate0 gyxonHbIll
Tpe31311MC5I,
HBaHOB KOMMeIITHpyeT 1 cl3ecc 5:8 Tax: "ffinem Hane>mbi cnaceHHH (cps.
Echec. 6, 17) — yHepelmourb xpilculaHHHa B ncKynneHnn KpOBHIO XpncToBOn". TaKHM o6pa3oM, HBaHOB, C 041I011 CT0p0Hb1, HrHornyyeT Oge1311411bal
CMbICJI paCCMaTp14BaeM0F0 IlaCC/I)Ka KaK OTCbIJIKH K cio)KeTy "nyxoHnon 6paHH" 113 110C11aH1451 K ECheCRIlaM, a C ApyrOH CTOp011bI, RaeT A0B0J1b110 11p0H3-
MO >K110 CHpOCHTb, Hallp111 (I)ecc 5:8 "6ponz Hepb1 H nio6nn" Hc HmeeT
BORIA-10e TORKOBaHHe "11111eMy 1114e)1(41,1 CHaCeI1114".
Mep, 110‘IeMy yHOMHHaeM1151 B
ponilo TaKoro )Ke TOJIKOBaI 11441? B Henom 3T0 npumenanne mo)Kno paccmannBaTb KaK Hey4a 11H0e H CaMO no celie Hy)KgawgeecH B HCTORKOBal I 14H, B TOM
CMbICfle, SIBIlHeTCSI liti OHO TOJILKO FlpOCIleTOM aBTOpa 1411H C.T1e4OM IICHOJIb30BaH1151 KaKOFO-TO HCTOIIHHKa. 12 1lapaJ1J1ellbH0 BO3M0)KHbI 13011p0Cbl O TOM, KaKHe
12
BCS1KOM cnyiae 3THM LICTOMHHKOM HB.T1SICTCS1 He IIOaHH anwroyer, Ko'l'oporo (B
pyCCKOM nepeaoge naaanna C116 ,nyxonnoil AKajkemmn) I/IBaHOB B gpyrnx cnyriamx 41CFIOJIb3yeT J108011bH0 0611.116HO H FIC B1-1011He no co6cTnennoil Bolle (CM. H11>Ke). TOJIKODO
46
Anòpefi Apxunoe
clmxTopm MOFJIH 434114SITI, Ha TaKOH, HpH 6JIH3KOM paccmoTpeHHH, cTpaHimiti
KommeHTapHil, Hanprimep, He 61,1410 4114 y HBaHosa — HMeHHO KaK y nowra —
oniyineHasi HexoToporo RHcxomcbopTa ViS-à-ViS CJIHLIIKOM 11p51MOJIHHeilHO anneropHnecicon pHTOpFIKH laP 6:10-17? Pa3ymeeTca, MO)KHO CtIVITaTb, B
aTOM cnynae H36paH cnrinixom menxvin macu1ra6 aHanH3a, 110 B aToti cwryawm
mo3atmecxoti pa3j{po6.rietocut H cTepTocTH HIHruffliiyanbiloro ripHcyTcTimsi
awropa HMeHHO MHKpOCKOLIWIeCKHil aHanH3 cTaHouiTcsi 110iITH e)414HCTBeHHI,IM
awryanhimim.
Enne
npvimepa 143 3T0r0 *C (11p0H3B041bHD 131,I6paHHOr0) diparmeHTa
KommeHTapHn (CM. HiunocTpanino). B npwmeitamm K CT. 16 ("BcerAa paRyttTect.") immem: "Pa) ocm He B 6narononynHH TOJIbKO, HO H B cTpaRaHHH [...]".
Ha (kOHe H3BeCT1IbIX mHe HCTOIIHHKOB, KOTOINAMH 11041b30BalICSI HBaHOB (O
lIeM — CM. HH)(e), HplimenaHHe icanceTcn He3aHHcHmLim OT 3T14X HCTOIIHHKOB,
T.e. SIB415110IIIHMCSI ero aBTOpCKIIM TeKCTOM. Ho Torm BO3HHKaeT Hpo6nema,
nem SIB4141CTC51 "paRocTb B cTpagaHHH": aRanTagmen icomieinikm cTpaRaHrin, KOTopyro CKopee MO)KHO oxapaxTepH3oHaTb KaK "KaTommecxyio" (Cp., wawpwmep, B033peH1451 Ha cTpagainlii BO chpamtvicKaticKoù Tpatkinum), 144114 ripourywaromieti p0MaHTHKO-CHMBOJIHCTHIIeCKOPI 11031141(0V BMCCTC C TeM, cneRytouirin
cpa3y nce 3a "paRocTbio B cTpagaiiHH" naccamc "pagocm. o Bore H o 6ecHeHHom Rape )KH3HH, 1/IM HHcnocnalurom [...], mlip, BoitapslloakIMCS1 B Rynue, H RetiCTBlle B IIeii YTeLLIHTCJIHRyxa CBHToro" MO)KHO paccmaTpHHaTb KaK meRriTainno cTaporo nenoHexa, cnoc06Horo Ha 3axaTe )KH3HH onerniTh ee 6ecneiiHOCTL. TOJILKO 3Hag, KTO 6bIJI aBTOpOM 3T04.0 HpHmenaHlin, MO)KHO 3a coBepIlleHHO o6rite11 ptiToptixofi yBIMeTb 1114 ,1HOCTb ranuyinero H ero 3K3HCTe1114Hambllme 06CTOSITejlbCTBa.
riptimeiwwww
23, Kompoe H TO*C He mory CBeCTI1
"HilyTpeHHero nenosexa,
eo3pacmcnottozo e He6o" 114114 "nenoHexa [...], ebween ✓ stemozo B cHoem OTI10111eHHH K mHpy" (xypcmi mon — A.A.) MO)KHO KBaJIHCILHIII4p0BaTI, KaK cnembi
CIIMBOJIHCTLIIIeCK011 1103T11KH (a TaK)KC 11 KaK OT3ByKH 11114111B14gya411,H0F0 ormna
14.1114 HHAVIBI44(ya41b110F0 camonowwmawm), CCJIH KOHCIHO, 31-tantb, tuo aBTOp
TOIIHO TaK
HH K
omomy
B
K CT.
143 113BeCTIIbIX MHC HCTOJIHHKOB, CJI0Ba
HaHHe paccmanHHaemoro meera B 6ecege IX kloaHHa Ha IlepHoe flocnaHne K el3eccanoHHKHilgam He BHUleHO HeKompoil Kypbe3Hoc'I'H: "KaK mem oxpaHHer camoe Ha>KHoe B
HaC,
eCTb ronosy, oKpy*asi H noKpbmaH ee co BCeX CT0p014, TaK H ynoRaHme He
ynac'I'b Haulemy yMy, HO Rep>KHT ero npsimo, KaK ronosy, He nonycKaz HHHemy nocmpoHHemy ynacm Ha Her0.
A go Tex
nop, noKa Ha nee HWITO He nagaer, H Mbl He HaKno-
HzemcH BH143. B camom gene, 'I'oMy, KTO orpa*HeH 3'l'HM opy)KHeM, HeB03M0>KHO HHKOrjka ynacm" (THopeHHH HoaHHa anaToyc'ra, ApXHell. KOHCTBFITHHOHOBbCK0r0 B pyCCK.
nep., CI16, H3R. CI36. gyx. AKa)lemm 1905, T. 11, c. 550).
BfIrleCAUFf
47
Hecutos — Kommenmamop Hoeozo 3aeema
3THX CJIOB — HO3T-CHMBOJIHCT.
14
HallpOTHB, B KOHTCKCTe HOJIHOii aHOHFIMHOCTH
3TH CJI0Ba 3BrIaT KaK ene 3aMeTHOe OTCTyHJICHIle OT IleK0en CTH.TIFICTWIeCKOn
MeRHaHbl.
B
6yny paccmaTpHBaTb nBa cromzeTa, C13513aHHIAX C HBaHOBCKHM HOB03aBeTHbIM KOMMeIITapHeM, a HMeHHO: 1) CO3RaHHe TeKCTa H 2)
ero ny6nificaHmo. 51 Ha=my C ny6JIHKaIIHH, IIOCTOJIbKy B HCTOpHIO IIy6JIHKanHI4
BKpaJICSI HeKOTOpbln MOMeHT, KOTOpbIn, KaK Ka)KeTCSI, 060CTpSleT HIITepeC K
3TOMy, IIOBT0p5110, ROBOJILHO pyTHHHOMy TeKeTy.
Ily6nHicamig
51 pa6oTan C pyxonHcbio HBaHoncxoro KOMMeHTapHH JICTOM 1990 r. 51 HMen B
CBOCM pacnopz5KeHHH Bce pyKornicH H MaLIIIIHOIIHCH, OTHOCSILInieCSI K KOMMCHTapHSIM, a TaK)Ke H3FkalIlle HOBOCO 3aBeTa, B KOTOpOe 3TH KOMMeHTapHH 6bIJIH BKJIIo ICHbI.
XOTSI M
B11 en pyKOIIIICb KOMMCIITapHeB BrIepBbIe, TeKCT HOKa-
3a.TICH MHC cTpaIIHIAM 06pa3OM 3HaKOMLIM. ROB0J1b110 6bICTp0
3TOT TeKCT HanOMIIHaeT MHC KOMMeHTapHH K HOB0my 3aBeTy B 6H6nenCKHX
Foyer Orienta! Chrétien, Emoccenb. CpaBlleHHe TexcToB PHmexoro
1946 H EmoccenbcKoro 1965 H3F(aHHA pyCCK01-0 HOBOF0 3aBeTa II0Ka3anO,
H3FIaHIIX
TITO OHH B OCHOBHOM WICHTWIHbI, T. e. EpIOCCenbCKOe H3FkaHlIe eCTL HepeH3FIaHHe PHMCK0F0 C He3HaiIHTenbHbIMII H3MeHeIIVISIMH. HOCKOJIbKy, ORITaKO, 3TH
HCIIpaBnellH51 CI(enaHbl B TeKCTe HBaHOBa, 01111 IleraTHBHb1M 06pa3OM IlpH06peTalOT OCO6CIFIFbIn HIITepeC.
ECnH He 01IIII6aI0Cb, C
60-x no cepeAHHLI 80-x rogoB
3TO 6b1n0
COBpeMeHII0e KOMMe1ITHp0BaHHOC H3RaHlle HOBOF0 3aBeTa, IFFIpKy.TIH-
CCCP H B pyCCK0513bnIllOn CpeRe 3a py6oKom. HocKonbxy
Bploccenbcxml HOBblft 3aBeT H3RaBaJICSI C 6narocnoBeHHA BaTmalla, enBa nH
p0BaBIIICC B
M0)KII0 COMHeBaTbC5I, IITO H peKOMeMalFFISI B3SITI, 3a ero OCII0By PHMCKOe 113-
Anime 1946
HCXOJIHT
orryna )Ke.
3T0 K0CI3e11110 HORTBCp)KI(aeT IIpinIaCTHOCTI,
PHMCKOI'O HOBOF0 3aBeTa K CTpaTeFFISIM KaTOJIVIIIeCKOn nepKBH B BOCTO'IHOn
EBpOne. BpIOCCCJIbCKHn HOBbIn 3aBeT peryThIpHO AffileilaTbIBalICH, H XOTS-I
MHe He H3BeCTHhI TOnlible L1H(j)pbI THpa3Ka, MO)KHO C HOJIIIOn yBepeHIFOCTI,K)
cKa3aTb, HOB03aBeTHbIe KOMMeHTapHH — 3T0 CaM0e BbICOKOTHpa)KHOe,
npoR3BeneHne BsinecnaBa HBaHoBa.
Bce. B 1973 r. H3RaTenbCTBO Foyer Orienta! Chrétien
BblnyCTIFII0 HOJIHbIfi TeKCT pyccicoil BH6JIHH, T.e. TaK Ha3b1BaeMbI11 CHHORanbmai nepeBOR, HpFnIeM B pa3Rene HoBoro 3aBeTa 6L1n nomemell EpioccenbClati/ HOBbIn 3aBeT 1965 C HOBbIM CnOCM H3MeHeHMI B KOMMeHTapHSIX, HepeJZ
CaMOC paCITOCTpalleH110e B MaCCaX
Ho H
3TO eroe ne
KO BeCbMa pa)FHKanbIIbIX. 3T0 03HalIaeT, HBaHOBCKHe KOMMeHTapHH, XOTSI
48
Attòpcii Apxieno«
Hpereprienvi Ha 3TOT pa3 necbma Cy11.eCTBeHHyl0 penaxTypy, BO MHoroM 113memumylo Hneonormo nepHoHananbHoro TexcTa, 6bu11 eine pa3 nepeH3naHbi
BO B110JIHe y3HaHaemom Bige II npil TOM 60JIbILIHM THpa)Kom. 13
H3MelleH14I B icommeHTapHnx, CAeJlaHlIbIe B EplOCCeJILCK011 5146111114 1976,
cornacHo illictiopmanim, Honynemoil MHOIO Torna )He, B K01111e nera 1990 r.,
OT F-}KH HpHiim flocHonoti (1914 - 1997), nilpexTopa Foyer Orientai, Hpiniaiine›Hasin H3BeCTHOMy nepicomiomy nucaTenic 14 6H6J1e14CTy O. Anexcaimpy Meillo (1935-1990). Flposeplim 3Ty micpopmaiimo mHe He MaJI0Cb, T. K. 6yKBaJ11.110 B Te >Ke camme
O. MeHb 6bIJI y6HT Ha nopore CO6CTBe14110F0 noma.
io pa3Horo pona coo6pa}KeHHiim H cnirraio, tITO 3Ty pnichopmaiimo MO)KHO
11p141151Tb KaK nocTobepHylo, 14 B 3TOi1 cTaTbe H B nanbHefiniem 6yny CIIHTaTb,
TITO HommeHTapHil K EpK)CCeJIbCKOII 5146111414 6bin HarnacaH HJIH oTpenawriiponaii o. MeHem. C npyroù CT0p0Hb1, He PICKJIMIeHO, 11TO 13 pa6oTe Han 3THM
TCKCTOM IlpHHHMaJIH ynacTHe cpa3y HeCKOJIBKO 111411„ a O. AJIeKCallny MeHIO,
14
HOMHMO CO6CTBeHHO KOMMellTapHSI, 11pHHagne7 KaJ10 ero OKOHnaTeJlbH0e peRaKTHp0BaHHe H IlpeACTaRTICHHe B
Foyer Orientai Chrétien. H3ytIeHHe 3T0F0 KOM-
MelITap1451 COCTaBHT HHTepeC, 11pe14My1I1eCTBelIII0 ;111S1 HCTOpHKOB
pyccxon
E146J1HH, a TaIGKe T1.11H JIH11, H3r1a1011114X HaCJIeRile O.
Melin. 3necb nce
Cy111eCTBeHHO OTMeTHTb TOT 11pHMelIaTeJIbHb1 CkaKT, 11TO 11H F-}Ka HOCHOBa,
conniieHHil KaK BSIIIeC.TlaBa HBaHOBa, TaK H AneKCalina MeI1S1,
ee 6n14}xa131nHe HOM0111HHK14 O. O. AHT0H1411 14.11b11 (1923-1998) 14 Kllpiinn
KO3HIIa HIiiler0 He 311aIIH 06 aBTOpCTBC KOMMelITapHCB K HOBOMy 3aBeTy
1946. KaK noica3b1iaeT "BH6JIHOJI0F14 11eCKIIII cnonapb" o. Anexcampa Mem,
OH TO)Ke HIIIIer0 He 3HaJ1 06 3TOM. B 3TOM MO)KHO y6eR14TbCSI, 11HTan 11pHBe-
1i3)11aTenblIHI1a
HH
Re1111bIe H 145Ke Bb111HCKH 143 3T0F0 C110BapH, KaCa1011111eC51 pyCCKIIX 614611a1CKHX
(11peHMy11(eCTBelIHO HOBOF0 3aBeTa) IIepCBOROB H KOMMeIITapHCB, H3AaHHbIX
XX BeKe. 51 Hamepelmo numi° 3T14 BbIHHCKH BeCIAla IIpOCTpaHHbIMH, IITO6b1
CTa110 0 1IeB14A110, 11TO O. MeHb pacnonaran HHCI)OpMalpleh ROCTaT0 11H0 0611114pHOPI H 110n06H011, IITO6b1 "0111eA14Tb" HBaHOBa, eC1114 6bI CyII1eCTBOBaJIH XOTb
B
KaKHe-11H6yAb CBeAeH1451 06 HBaHOBe KaK KOMMeHTaTOpe PHMCK0F0 HOBOF0
3aBeTa. HOCKOJIbKy TaKHX
cHeneHHil He
6b1J10, TO B "BH6JIHOJIOIWICCKOM CJIO-
Bape" 06 HBa110Be HeT He TOJIbKO OTT(eJIbH011 CTaTbH, KOTOpy10 OH B110JIHe 3aC.T1y>KHBaJI, HO OTCyTCTBylOT Ra)Ke CnyilaiiHble y110MHHaHH51 O HeM. Me>Kgy
TeM, KaK BHAII0 143 IIepBOÙ BbIIIHCKH, CaM PHMCKH11 HOBbIÚ 3aBeT MeHIO 6bIJI
H3BeCTell, XOTH HMeHHO Ha ypOBHe CJIrIa1410F0 ynoMHHaHHH.
13
K
ammy Ha) o
)(06a1341Tb
eige o'rgenbuoe (6e3 6H6ndicKoro TeKcTa) krmaime
mernaplieB K BplOCCellbCK011 B146J1likl K.410 ,1 K noi-fiamma()
")Kiniib c BoroM", BpK)CCeJlb 1982.
Ca31tt(eHH020
KOM-
Thwanust.
49
135i ecna« Mamma — kom.meumamop Heao2o 3auema
B 20 B. 110511314.311Cb JIHwb nEla pyc. nep. H[oBoro] 3[aBeTa]. rlepnbni 6bIn npeninpuHyrr 13 1953 noR 314R011 BpliTafICKOF0 H AHOCTpaHHOFO 646.11a1CKOF0 o6werma [...]. PenaKtullo, B K-pyiO 13X01114.1111 BaCH.Hbel3 A.H. N Ky.TIONF311H H., 1303FilaBHAJI en. KaCCHaH (Be3o6pa3oB). Illepenownimi OCHOBbIBMICb Ha Kpu'rwieCKOM HaRaHHH HecTne. OnHaKo nx Acumi-me. Flp116.111113HTb nepenti n K conp. pyc.
A3b1Ky ocranocb HeocyLnecTnneHHbim, K. , 6yny‘m 3mHrpawramm, OH11 y'rpa'I'HJÌH
C *1413b1M A31,1KOM COOTeHeCTI3CHHHKOB. BTopoll nepenti n 6bin wiRaH
CWA amep. 6arrrucTamn (HanemaTaH napannenbmo c aHrn. Bepcueii, 1977).
Cnenyel"raK>Ke OTMCTFITb pliNICKOC 1,13H3HVIC CHH[oganbuoro] nepeeona H[onoro] 3[ancra], 13 K-poM cRenaH psin ncripaBneHnit HO cnagsmcKomy] TeKc'ry
(1944-1946). OfIbIT H0130F0 nepenona o'ra. mecT H[onoro] 3[aecTa] OFIy6.1111K0133H nOrageBb1M K.H. (p. 1937), 13X0RHBLIBIM a 70-c ronm a Fpynny 6u6neficKyle
npn ,11,11A (›KMF1, 1975, N 1). 5u6imo.fummecmi c.aouapb T. 5, e.1454. 14
Ynommiymiil 3nech "cnaBsunenn TeKCT", 110 KoTopomy cnenanbi ucripaBReIMH B "pumcKom n3nannn cmonanbnoro nepeBona" 1944-1946 rr., B3HT 113
npenmcnoBnil K nBym TOMI1KaM PHMCKOFO HOBOTO 3aBeTa. ByKBaJILHO B nepBbIX cnoBax 11peRHCII0BH51 K nanannio EBanrennil roBopnTcm, SITO ono "Bocripo113BOAHT TeKCT pyccnoro cnnonanbnoro H3)Ia111151 C BechMa nemnornmn 143MeI1e1111HM11, npvninTbimn y}Ke B HepKOBHO-C.T1a135111CKOM 60TOCJIy>Ke6IIOM EBIIIITe111111,
oTnenaTannom B PHMe 13 1943 rony"I 5 (no6aBnm OT ce6A, nonenennem
Hocnannam H OTKpOBe111110, — TITO
o. IllBafirnn), a B npenncnomm K
pamonTeunnmn, neTeKCT
"C
HeKOTOpb1M14
npminT
B 11HX TO>Ke
HII>Ke
B
3TOil
CTaTbe A o6cy>i<naio
16
npnao)nen
B
Konne
Knnrn".
penenb KOHX
OncpoBennn.
HOCI1a111111
H
pa3n0nTennsi B TeKCTe
FoBopn o6 mnannsix TOJIKOBb1X 6H6J11111, 11pe)IIIp111151TbIX 13 XX B., O. Me111,
ne nanirsaeT cpegm 1111X PIIMCKOTO HOBOTO 3aBeTa KaK camocTowrenbuoro
KommenTapna, XOTS1 B KanecTBe TaKoBoro y nero clinrypnpyeT Emoccenbcxini
HOBbIrl 3aBeT, Bcero JIHIllb 11e3IIIVIIITenb110 namenennan K0111151 PHMCKOTO HoBOro 11113eTa (Ila HeKOTOpbIe 11X pa311WITCH1151 H ynamnBaio m4>Ke B 3T0f/ cTaTbe).
(11y3Hubm) (KH. 1-3,
en. HnKaHopom (KamcH-
TOJIKOBblilH[onuìiI3[ 3 BCT] 6b111 11311131-1 eli. MHX311.110M
K[Hen], 1902, 1903, 1905), a
TO3K0ablil AHOCTOR —
14 MHC Obina nourynHa TOJIbK0 npe)1eapwrenbnam Hu'repHeTHaz Hepcusi, cm. hup://
www.alexanc1rmen.ru/books/dict/dict0ltml B HINABORAMbIX ablIIIICK3X A pacKpbmaFo
HCKOTOpbIC coKpaLneunsi, HO onycKaie 13CC anTopeckepeu'ruble BOMCTbI H yKa3aHnsi.
15 rocnoòa 11(1~20 Hucyca Xpucma canmoe Dtauze.nue. PHm, B BaTHKaucKoil TH110rpacmpt, 1944, c. 3.
16 1_7 ellHIISI CO. Anocnumua. llocricuum CO. Anocmorm. OmKpoucuue ce. Howma.
PHM. BaniKaHcKaz Tnnorpacimg, 1946, c. 3.
AHòpeù Armami
50
CKHM) (g. 1-3, 1903-05). TORKOBaHHe K rapmoffiw esaHrenbcKoil HarnicaHo
FnaoKoBbim (CI16., 1913 4 ). B 1965 H Bproccene 6wn HbinyweH TOSIKOBbH1
H[OB61 11] 3[aBeT] (HoweRwW1 3aTem B 1-e H30. pyc. BploccenbcKoti BH6ww,
[...].). IlpoTecTawrcKuil TO0KOBblii H[OB61 11] 3[aBeT] Ha pyc. 513b1Ke 6bIn H3oaH B
1983 n Kopwrane, ibid., 'r.6, c. 2026.
B TOH >Ke CTaTbe "Cnonapsi" o. AneKcaHnp gaeT nonpo6Hoe onucaHne
urpyKTyphi ii3naHng EplOCCellbCKOH 611651HH.
BTopasi 1100Ha11 T[0.0K0BaS1] B[H6nHH] Ha pyccK. 51361Ke (nocne TonKoHoil BH6JUIN Jlonymwa —
A.A.) Hbanna
B Bploccene B 1973-77. KoMno3nl(NA ee, imasi
MCM B BH6mm JIonymwa H ero npeeMHHKoB. CHwiana nomeweH caM TeKCT 1 1-
cal-n 13 CHH[00a0bHOM] nep[eHooe] HO H30. 1968, npwlem C'I'HXOTB. riacTH nanemaTaHw cTon61(om, a pa3OeJlb1 KHHr CHa6>KeHbl peoawropcmimu 3aronomcamm.
3aTCM B Hkwe ripww*eHHH cneoywrr: a)KpaTKne
BBeACHHH 14 TO0K0BaH142 K
CBA1.11,. KHHraM; 6) HOB03aB. crwaHou. Ta6nnub1; n) xpoHonorm Ta6Jmna co6bi-
THfi C132111,. ncTopm r) CHMCP0H142, BKIIFO4a101111,a2 yKa3aTenb 601'0W-10E3CM« TCNI,
IIMCH, reorpactow. 14 HcTopkw. Hanawni; o) CBC0CHHS1 O OpeBHHX pyK011HCSIX
5116n11w e) 6146nHorpaclm* *) yKa3aTen6 6orocnywe6Hbix wreHHil BH6Inni; 3)
wrnac LI,F3CTHbIX KapT. Bo BbInyIOCHHOM B 11OpTaTI4BHOM chopmaTe
(1983), 006aBTICHbl CTaTbH "CHwraH 3emnA Ho HpemeHa rocnooa Hawero
Xpwra", "O 6H6ne1OcK0ti apxeonorHH", a TaK*e Rau HOBbItl> HapHawr KOMMeHTapIleB K H[OBOMy] 3[aBeTy]. Becb Kopnyc Flp14110,KeHH6 K ai'oi T[onKo-
Boll] B[HOlmil] cocTaarieB peRaKtuieH 1130-Ha ")KH3Hb C BoroM" rn. o6p. no PlepycalmmcKoll BH65Nw, a TaK>Ke Ha ocHoHe maTepHanon crro. awropoB, KaK npaBOCJIaBHblX, TaK H KaT011 14 ,1eCKHX. 3KyMeHH9. xapaKTep wiRamisì C13543aH C HaripaHnetwocTwo H3R-Ba, KoTopoe cTpeMprrcz CO0a1CTBOBaTb oHanory npaHo-
ClIaBHbIX N KaTOMIKOB, ibid, T. 6, c. 2025.
3T0 ornbcamie Ba*Flo B TOM OTHOLLIC111414, TITO B o6umx nepTax TaKOBa
>Ke cnyKTypa 1433a1I1451 H B PHMCKOM HOBOM 3aneTe 1944-46 rr.: mech To>Ke
ecTb cnpaBonime Ta6.THInm, Hanp., Focnona Hamero Hncyca XpHcTa", "YKa3aHne enaHrenbcKnx (COOTB., 111IOCTOIlbCKHX) .1Te1111 11. Ha BCC J[1HH PORa", CIIIICKH eBaIIFCJILCKHX (aHOCTOJILCKI4X) 11Tel-114(i BeJIHKOTO nocTa n Hp.,
"XpoHonorna Ba)Kile1ILLIHX CO6bITITH HOB03aBeTHOH HCTOpH11", "OTCTyllne111454
OT CHI10)4a51b110F0 nmamisi", KapTbi Hepycannma, HanecTymm H Cpef(143eMHOM0p1,51. Bce 3TH maTernianm, 051HaKO, OTCyTCTBylOT B pyKOLMCSIX KommewrambeH 14HarroBa. Orieww0o, TITO mcnoomenme 3Toil 'mem H33a1mst 6bino nopynello Komy-TO 3pyroMy. Hanwme TaKoro pacnpeneneHHA ycHnmi nomoraeT
1101151Tb ripoTHBopennnbie cnegennsi OTHOCI4TeJlb110 aBTOpCTBa KommeHTapHeH
B EplOCCeJibCKoil 61465114H. 3e1ICTBHTe.11bH0, Ha rwpwwl B3FS1510, ymemmenlie,
TITO "BeCb
Kopnyc npario>KeHml
(nKnionan, nepopenaKmlefi 1133-Ba
K 3TOil T[OJIKOB011] E [H6limll]
SETH°, H CO6CTBCIIIIO KommeirrapHil —
A. A.)
COCTaBlICH
&Piaciuta Mamma — Kommentnamop Houozo 3auema
51
Borom"" RospxHo 6bmo 6b! npoTHrsopenwrb TOMy, LITO KOMMeHTacmmeTenbcmy r-)KH HOCHOBA, 6b1)1 HanHcaH o. MeHem. OAHaK0 HO
Tomy o6pa3gy cooTHomeHHB KommeHTaprm H Hponero armapaTa B cmmcne HX
aBTopcma, KOTOpbIù o6Hapy)BinmeTcH B PHMCKOM HOBOM 3aBeTe, MOACHO T1011yCTIITb, 1ITO armapaT ecTb KOnneKTHBIIbIÍÌ Tpyrk copeRaKTopors, TorRa KaK
KommeHTapmI Harmcall KeM-TO
•
To, nTO Koprlyc npluo>KeHml COCTa1311e11 "Un. o6p. Ho Hepycanummcoil BH6JIHH, a Tal0Ke Ha ocHoBe maTepHanoB oTR. aBTopoB", B1101111e COOTBeTCTByeT
HCTHHe KaK HoTomy, IITO COCTaB 3TOPO Kopnyca B OCIIOBHOM COOTBeTCTByeT
cocTaBy IlpH110)KeHHil K HepyCa:IHMCKOil 614611011, 17 Tal( H HOTOMy, TITO, KaK
3T0 6yAeT BY01110 113 Ranmielmero, MHOTHe Hplimenamm B 3TOM Kommerrrapvm
TexcTyanbilo CBSI3aFILI C HpHmeimmumn K llepycanHmexoil 61461H4H. ,LLpyroe
Reno — "maTepHanm OTI_AelIbMAX awropoB": 11TO 3T0 TaKOe, 1101151T1, 113 ormoro
TO111,K0 E116✓1G10J10211 ,-IeCK020 cizoeapsi lIeB03M0)KHO. B 3TOM Hacca)Be, oRHaKo,
ecTb Hirrepecnoe yKa3aHHe Ha H0819111 eapuanni Kommenniapuee K H[oeamy]
3[aeemy]. HOBb1f4 HO OTHOILIellHIO K Kaxomy cTapomy? Grapmm BapHaHTom,
"}I{143Hb C
pnn, HO
6e3yClIOBHO, 6b111 TeKCT HBa110Ba.
lloKa Ha pyC.
KommenTapnem KO B c e ít 6N6nNN ABBACTC54
pa6o'ra "KB40 4 1 K 110H 14MBH11 IO C132114.
11CBH112" (BpFOCCeJlb,
1982). Olia cojtep>Kirr Kparrmie TOBKOBaH142 K B [enomy] 3[ancry] n H [oBomy]
3[aBe'ry], CUMCI)OHNFO, Xp0H0J10[11 4 1. 14 jtp. cnpanounme Ta01141 Bbl N mtrrepitanbi.
L'acni pamenoe anamercsi nepenojtom 113 VlepyCallIAMCKOrl EmOntin, a qacTb nanucana aatioao. B nepaoHati. emte a'ra K41 14Fa npejtcTannana c06oii npunwKeinie
K "Pyccicoil CiploccenbcKoil Bm6.ru1N", ibid., T. 3, e. 944.
23bIKC. eB111HCTB.
KOBACKTVIBHBA
3)1tech peni, HReT CO6CTBeHHO O TOM )1<e, SITO 14 B ripeRbmyrHeil 131,111HCKe,
TITO "qacTb pamenoB" HpH110>Ke1I1411 K ETIOCCe.TILCKOH
nepeeedelia H3 HepycanumcKoil 6146rum. ORIlaK0 1-111 ormo H3 np)inox(eHHil K Epioccenbcxoti 6H65ma He mo)BeT C 1 IHTaTbC51 11epeBOROM coonseTcusylomero pa3Rena 143 armapaTa Hepycannmexoù 6116n1m — pa3Be 1ITO cxema Rullami)! XacmolleeB H MpoRoB. 3HarmT peqb vmeT O neM-TO gpyrom, — A Rymmo, O camom TeKCTe KommeirrapneB, T.e. O Texc'rc olmenbilmx ripHmegaml.
HTaK, O. MeI110 Ile 61,1110 H3BeCT110, TITO aI3T0p0M KOMMeIlTapIlell K PIIMcKomy FloBomy 3aBeTy 6b1Jí 135mecnaB HBaHOB. 3TO smumml pa3 HORTBep5Knumi TeM, 'ITO FIMO O. III Baiirnz (111Ba6renst ), KoTopoe ynommmeTcz n nepeimcKe o. Meno (CM. micbmo K Hemy o. BceBonorm Pomi()) OT 5 mas) 1974 r.,
110
TO.TILKO yKa3bIBaeTCSI,
6116111414
17
Hmeercsi
B BIlAy
La Bible de Jérusalem, traduite en frainais de la direction de
Ptcole biblique oe Jérusalem. Cerf, Paris, 1955. K co)ca.nenino,
nepen3Ramie 1998 r., revue et augmentée.
H1411 661110 TOJIbKO
B
moem pacriopsoKe-
52
Ani)peù Apxtmou
ony6mIxosaHHoe B Becmuutce PX,,T1 N2165 II, 1992 c.44-73), HC Bbl3bIBUT y
nero accognamm c PHMCKHM HOBbIM 3aBeTom. Menly Tem o. 111Hatirnb 6bin
C13513aH He TOJIbKO C 3THM Hmaimem, HO 11 C coTpytimixamn `911113HH C BoroM":
TaK, OH 6b111 3IIaKOM, H, no-mitmmomy, nocTaTotmo 6HH3K0 C O. 1{14pHIIJIOM KO311110f1. C006111aCTC51, TITO HMeHHO C HHM O. 111Hailenb HMCJI noHepHTenbilyio
6CCC)1y 110CJIC BO3Bpa111CHIISI 113 110C3AKH B Konm6py K cecTpe JImerm. 18
TaK >Ke KaK H Bp1OCCe.11bCKIIH HOBbIfi 3aBeT, BpIOCCe.TILCK2151 B146J1H51 6bina LICK1110 1111TellbH0 Ha>mia ATM pCJIIIFHO3H011 ammoniti' pyccicoll IIHTeJ1J114FeHHIIII c 70-x ronon H no HacTosimee BpCMH. PaenpocTpalleHHoem 060HX 'FCKCTOB B Tornaumem CCCP 6bina Hecbma mmeTHoil, H MHO)KeCTBO, CCJIH IIC
60111,111HHCTBO pyeCKPIX ticcnenoHaTemell BH6JIHH, Hanimariumx B 3T11 FORLI, H
npocTo TIHTaTCJIeIi , eTpemmunmen K 6onee neTanbHomy 11.1114 xpnTlinecKomy
BOCI1p1IT1110 BH6JIHH, He1136C}KHO )1011>KIIbI 61,111 H ripotiTH Tiepe3 BJ114511111C 3TFIX
limatimi, a 3HaIIHT, XOT51 H HCSIBHIAM 06pa3om, H nepe3 13.1114511111C. 1413a1I0Ba. 51
nonaram, TITO BCC 3TH (PaKTbI geJlaIOT KommeiiTaptm 14baHoria IICKJIIOTIHTenb
HO HHTepecinnmH B limane HCTOpHH pyCCKOi1 BH6J1H11 H pyeeKOH pCJIHFH03HOCTII,
tia>Ke CCJIH cunTaTb, TITO Hacaenim HBaHOBa KaK 'tema 14 MbICIIIITC1151 3TI4
KOMMeIITapHH H He iipeticTaHnsnoT 6onbutoii Hemmen'.
Co3naHHe TexcTa
Tenepb o6pantmest K HCT0p1111 CO3J[1aHHH HBaHOBCKHX KommeliTapnets. 3necb
naxcietiumm clxucTom oxanumeTcsi TO, TITO 01114 6bIIIH He npocTo HarmeaHbi
HBalIOBb1M, a comatibi HM Ha ocriorie KommeHTapHers Hemenxoro xanyitnna O.
KoHcTatinura Péma (Konstantin Rósch, 1869-1944). 0 TOM, TITO 141HalioH
110J11,30Ba.TICSI Kommeireapiumn Péina, Mne coo6niHn RmnTpvili 13tHieenaimm
HisanoH. HCCKOJIbK0 1103THICC MI1C cTano 113BeCTI10 ynomtmaHne Hmemi Palla B
1111CLMC 1351‘1CCJIaBa 14BaHoba K C. H. (I)paHKy OT 18 masi 1947 e., FRC 14Hanob
coo6ntaeT, 'ITO OH "COCTaB1111 [FJIaBHbIM o6pa3Om HO PC1113/] 061,51C1114TCJIbHble
H Ilocnaimil
npHmenamm n BBCACH1451 K pyccxomy nepeHony
npenHapnTenbHoll
non0Txporminm",
ORIMKO
6e3
AllOCTOJILCKIIX H H0a1I110Ba
18 Frère Frangois de Marie des Anges, Fatima: joie intime, événement momlial. 2e
éd. Saint-Parres-Lès-Vaudes, Editions de la contre-réforme catholique, 1993, pp. 252253 .
BsigecnaH 14(QmoH— Kommetunamop HoHozo 3aHema
53
)1(.B. HBa110Ba M eRBa .1114 CMOF 6131 OTO>KACCTI3I1Tb "Penta" II 126selfa. 19
KommeHTaptm Palla conpolio>KnaioT nepeuo HOBOF0 3aBeTa, ctienaimoro HM >ice eme B 10-x-20-x roRax: 13 1914 r. 6bin 113pH ero nepenoR annuelimi H
B 1921 r. — nepeno Menatimi H Ompouemiti, 13 1927 r. —
110.1111bIII HOBbIà 3aBeT, Das Nette Testatnent iibersetzt und kurz erliiutert von P.
Konstantin Riisch O.M.Cap., Paderborn, 1927, (oTmeiTim, kurz er1MItert), a 13
1937 r. — B coneTamm c Hepetiotiom BcTxoro 3aBeTa, Bb11105111e11H13IM Apyrnm
xanynmiom, o. Ofireitom Femre (Eugen Henne, 1892-1970), Das Alte TestaCKa3KH
nient aus tieni Grundtext iibersetzt und erliiutert von P. Dr. Lic.Bibl. Eugen
Renne 0.M.Cap., Verlag Ferdinand Schóning, Paderborn, 1937. K CO)KaJIC111110,
3T11 113R/1111N OCTaJIHCh MIIC IICROCTy111IbIMH, H H 110J1b30BaJICSI Ilepe143)1a1HICM
nepeHotia H icommeinapim Paia 1946 r. Das Nette Testament, iibersetzt und
erlcitttert von P. Dr. Konstantin Rdsch O. M. Cap, Verlag Ferdinand SchOningh, Paderborn, 1946. flomeutmo 3tiecb HopTpeTbi o. Penta iI o. Feline, nio6e31Io iipegocTarinemibie Nine 6p. MapKycoM Tioepom (Markus Muer) 143 icaHyvimickoro motracTbipiv B IRTIOJIHHrCne. B 2000 I'.
KpvicTocp BOJIJICK
(Christoph Wolick) HCH0J1b30BaJI nepeHoti H icommeinapini K. P6111a B CBOCM
HirrepHemom H3tkamm Die Volksbibel 2000. 20 flepelioti Pema cgenancii 110BOJIbH0 3amembim cO6blTHeM B pentii-Ho:mon )K1131111 Hotiommon repmaium.
Bnarotiapvi cHoemy npoeTomy 14 coHpemenuomy SI3b1Ky, a Ta 101(C npoeTbim
xpamum kommeimmulm, OH etienancsi HaCT0.313K0 Honymapeit, TITO K eepetivme
30-x rotiou 6131J10 pacripotiimo 6onee mvuumoila CF0 3x3emrumpoit. KOMMCIITa— BO miiorom couepmeinio camocToirrembilavi pa6oTii, — BecbMa
plili
nacTo CCM ne TOJILKO nepepa6oixa, 110 H npocTo OrICI1b TO'HILIF4 nepersog
npumenamin Patta. Tonno TaK )(ce H KOMMCIITap1111 K 11epB011 num PHMCK0F0
HOBOFO 3aBeTa OCII013131BalOTC51 Ha kommeirrapusix Penta. 3TOT climer Hiomen
TOM cmbicne, TITO Bb160p kommeirrapHvi Palla 13 loineeTHe o6pa3via 1111S1 KOMmeirrapHeB Plimexoro Houoro 3aBeTa Ohm etienan patibme, TIeM Hbanob Hanavi CB010 pa6oTy, H, TaK cka3aTb, iipHHatisiewan K yenomv2m 3axa3nica.
,
19 Ellke 1103AHCC, Kouka a y>ke pa6crran C TCRCTOM Pala, MHC ciana 1.13BCCTHa pe11eu31,12 1.11Ba4lr1151 (CM. CH. 11), B kerropat ynomntiae'rcsi kommeirrapdi Penta kak npoo6plu
kommetrrapitsi
20 Die Volksbibel 2000, tiberarbeitete Bibeliibersetzung von Henne/Rrisch (Schiiningh Verlag, Paderborn) / ELB (1871) / LXX / Vulgata / vierbàndiger Kommentar zum
NT von G. Schiwy: "Weg ins NT" / Kommentar zu Offb von Christoph Wollek /
griech. Text des NT von Westcott-Horn mit integriertem Wórterbuch / R. C. Trench's
"Synonyma des NT" / Schiiningh'schen Text des NT versehen mit Strong's
(http://www .churchmail .de/bibli/volksbibel/volksbibel.html).
54
Anòpeti Apximoe
HuaHom H MellA MO>KHO paccmaTpHuaTb
maTpintm B pa3MIX awropcutx cpenax (multonasi Ha1I10HaJ1blIbIe, tcynt.TypHme, Hclixonormectme, etc.). TaKHM o6pa3om,
Homentan TeKCT HBaHOBa meny allaJ10111IIHbIMH TeKCIUMH Parta H Me1151,
MO}KHO Ha6n1onam, KaK 3TOT TeKCT Gmn HanHcaH 14 KaK OH 6bIJI HpomTaH.
HpHmenaTenmo, Tro 14 0. Pall H O. MeHb 6bIJIH npocheccHoHanbummli riportoBegmixamil H negaroramH — o. Péut npenonman B nmcmem 6orocnoucxom ymJIHLge cnoero opneHa (HbIHe — Philosophisch-Theologische Hochschule der
Franziskaner und Kapuziner) B MroticTepe, a B C.arIae o. Mem non nenarorHeil
Hoimmato KaK pyKOBOACTBO nplixonom, TaK H COzIHHEHHe KIIHr pen 1413,103HOnegarorwiecKoro xapakTepa — 14 HX nommame Toro, xamtm nomkett 611Tb
6H6neticimil kommeHTapHil, paccmTaHHbul Ha cpenHero ripmo)KaHHHa, 6mno,
6e3ycnoutto, 6onee TOIIHIAM, nem y HuaHoua. H03Tomy, BepOSITHO, B cammx
o6tmx nepTax oTHouteHHe meNcny TeKCTaMH Péuta, HuaHona H Mem mommo
IlpeTICTaBHTb cnettyloutHm o6pa30m: HBaHOB B o6utem cTpemwrcst cgenaTb
TeKCT Palla 60.Tlee HIICPOpMaTHBHIAM, IlliTeJ1J1eKTyaJlbHb1M 14 xpacHopetulumm,
ntuke cTpacTimm, Torna KaK MeHb B TeX mecTax, rne B HeJlOM OH 611H3OK
HBaH0By, CHCTeMaTVIIIeCKH crna)KmaeT KaK CTHJIHCTWIeCKHe xpailHocTH, TaK
H noo6ate uce, =no npencTanmeTcH emy pHCKOBaIIIILIM HJIH gByamicsiemimm —
He B nocnenmoto ottepenb nonL3y5tch KaK wanoHom Hepycammcxofi 6H6nHeil.
Fouom O "CTpaCTHOCTH", "KpailHocTH", "pHCKOBallHOCTH", nax(e O "xpacHopeT1411", M IIMe10 B mny pice y110MHIMMIIHi1M "mmpockonmectuni" macutTa6
B 6onee xpylmom macurra6e 3TH HHTe.alleKTyaIlbH0-CTHJIHCTIVIeCKIle
BOJIHEIIHH, rtepoRTHo, ocTaHyTcst He3aMeTHbIMH.
B HpHmeHeHHH K IlpHBOIHIBLIIHMCH y)ke (H, HOBTOpHIO, coseptueHHo tipoH3BORbH0 um6pammm) HpHmepam H3 1 (I)ecc 5 OTHOLIIelllie Pént/Huatiou/
Mem, 6yneT Bblf.1151ReTb TaK.
OTHOIllelllle TeKCTOB
KaK JIBH>KeHHe OffilOil 14 Toll )Ke
FIBanou
Paia
I cDecc
5:16
Pagoe'rb He B 6.narorionymni TOBLKO,
HO H B cTpagaHrisix, pagoerb o Eore m
I/1m
HHC-
Bo3Bea1,aer MHp,
BO-
O 6eer1,eHHom Rape
110C.BaHHOM,
ACH3HH,
gapsow,iiitc» B gyme, H gaICTBHe B
He'1 Yretuvrreng Ryxa CBATOFO.
Bnnecitae Hecutoe
—
55
Kommenmamop Hoeozo 3ueerna
1 (D'ecc
5 : 19_
Die Gnadengaben des Heiliden Gei-
H e )40.11)KHO yrawarb
stes ("der Geist") sollen nicht ohne
XOBH0r0,
21
weiters miBbilligt und unterdriickt
werden.
Jeder soli die ihm verliehene
BO3F0pCHII H
nponnnemno kapon 6naronam,
,
iiy-
nperiwrcmym crio6ontiomy
K KO-
ropfam ripimanne>iarr meni), npognm
Gnadengabe zum Besten der Gemein-
npoporieurrionamie. Ho
de gebrauchen. Alles, was sich als
ripfummam
cnegyer
HC
1303BC111,aCMOC B
H
norropre
Gnadengabe des Heiliden Geistes aus-
H HccTynnewm 6e3 pa36opa. Hanne-
gibt und iiuBert, sollen die Thessalo-
>104T 1131311eKaTb H3
nicher untersuchen und pri.ifen, damit
*f•r Ko 6nary II,epment H o6oraumeT
Hero 'l'o, riTo cny-
sie nicht durch triigerische Geister ge-
xpncmariciwe
tiiuscht werden, aber auch nicht die
l'o, wro nopo)Knaer waTaHne
echten Gnadenwirkungen Gottes ver-
co6na3H. (Cpu. I Kop. 14)
oweram
CO3HaHHC, H
MbICII 11 II
werfen.
1 (13ecc
Fouopi pa3genbHo
O
5:23
AnocTon pa3nimaerr
B lenoneKe
ityxe
14 Rywe,
firly-
TpeHHero venoBeKa, no3pacTaiomero
a
He6o non
1303aCIICTBLICM
'l'Oro, 14 , ienoneKa
IlkeHHOr0 K
B
cnoem
mvipy,
Ryxa
CI3O-
nywenHoro, o6paHO 13b1CBC1'.112eMOF0
OTHOWCHH 11 K Anipy O 3aBlICH-
MOCTI1 0'1' B0313b1WeHHA 11
yKpenneuum
lenoneKa nyxormoro.
Hepyc Edii6a
Mem.
1 (D'ecc
5:16
—
pagocrb, ucnbrrbinaemaz xpficma-
HHHOM B
cwanafinsix, panocm o Bore
H o 6ecgeHHom )(ape
>K113HH, HM HHC-
nocnannom, cfmnerenbernyer o geliemula
1 (D'ecc
B ero
grue Com'oro TIyxa.
CC'I'b OT.1114H 14Tellb-
Le don de l'Esprit, 4:8, est un trait du
anoxin;
temps messianique, mais le discerne-
110CTHraTb Cy111,HOCTI3
ment de ce qu'il inspire est l'un de
— )tap )11,yxa (4:8)
5:19-
fibifi npinfiaK
21
cnoc06Hocm
MCCCHaHCK011
Buywelmú —
Ero
0)141H 143
ero gapon
...17poponeemea ne ynttnivianime, T.
e.
He
im'
npene6peraiiTe nponouegbfo
(cp 1 Kop 14:3). Bce
Be-
liCtIbll MI-
(unirne, T. e. noguepraliTe nponepKe.
ses dons [...I.
56
Anòpefi Apxunoo
1
Buoi òyx o òyuea o tomo
Kpome Tena (PHM 7:24t) it ayaill (1 Kop
15:44t), Haien rotiopwr eute o ityxe,
KOTOpbd1 MOWHO paccmanitBam KaK
60*eCTBeHHOe Hamano HOBOil *H3H11
BO XpucTe (PHM 5:5t) unii KaK sepmiti-1y nytuti genoneKa, ompbrryto BeaHHK) Ryxa (PNM 1:9t). Ocesiutatoutee
nefierrtme Bo>Kite paenpourpalizerrot
Ha Bce macrrit rienoBerieeKoro ecrrecTsa
—
(Decc
5:23
(3:13; 4:3).
Cette division tripartite de Phomme
est unique chez Paul, qui n'a d'ailleurs
pas d' "anthropologie" systématique
et parfaitment coherent. Outre le
corps, Rm 7:24+, et Piime, 1Co 15:
44+, on voit apparaître ici l'esprit
qui peut étre soit le principe divin de
la vie nouvelle dans le Christ, Rm
5:5+, soit plutót la partie la plus haute de l'homme, ouverte elle-méme a
l'influence de l'Esprit, Rm 1:9+.
L'accent est mis sur la totalité des
effets de l'action sanctifiante de Dieu,
3:13; 4:3+, effet de sa fidélité.
3TH npilmepm
MII HO
143
KommeHTapym 14BaBoBa
HHTepeCHIA
TeM,
TITO
6ygyqa ca-
celie ROCTaTOgII0 611C)C111b1 14 pwropHimm, 01114 o6HapywnBaloT — B COHOC-
TaBJ1eHHH CO CBOHM HCT0 1-IIIHKOM, a TaK)Ke C TeKCTOM, KOT0p0F0 OHIT
caMH
cKpbrryto B 1114X meostorBnecKyto H nonemlinecKylo
nynbcagmo. B nplamegaill4H K 1 (Decc 5:19-21 K HefiTpanbllomy TexcTy Palla
O TOM, IITO
6naroaaTB CBS1TOTO Ayxa ("TIyXa") HC R011>KilbI 6b1Tb 6e3
pa36opa nopllmembi H noRaBnnembi", 14BaBoB Ao6aBmaeT "6032opentie dyxonOKa3aJIHCb
—
noc" H "coo6oòttoe nposumenue gapoB 6aaroBaTB". IrloBRTHo,
3THX
paRaKaJIL110 mettsieT
BaJIbH0 3HaIIHT, tITO Ha3BaIIIIMX
6yAL H36eraTB — pane
KaK
TITO
He
CMbICJI BIACKa3b1Ba1114S1
TITO go6arsKa
PéLua, KoTopoe
6yK-
gapoB rio)Kanyil ItTo nrune lice-TaKm KaK-H14-
BOBCe
6e3anennswammo (ohne weiters),
Torga
PhattoB, Hao6opoT, o6BapyxmaeT cKopee 3HTy314a3M HO ontometillio K
cmoTpBT Ha HHX jita>Ke sub specie charisniatica. Ecnn Pdiu Hil
cnoBa HC FOB0pHT B 3TOPI CBSI314 O npoponecrnee, TO 14B21110B BOCCTaHaBJIHBaeT
npoponecTso B cinIcKe Rapon 6,narogaTli, n czon "Atemby nponum" nynaT,
no)Kanyfi, KaK o6pamembie K Pauy, H npll TOM He 6e3 nonemlinecKoro 131,1303THM Rapato 14
Ba.
HOHSITHO, CITO Te "Rapi:A Ayxa", o KoTopiax BgeT
CyTb npe>me BCCTO
apoponecTBo, roBopelme 513bIKaMH H HCTOJIKOBaHlle npoponecma H rnocconaJIM H BCe OHM, K011e 11H0, HCKJIMIHTelIbH0 11p06J1CMaTH 11Hbl C TOIIKH yeaug
KacpomplecKoil opcpoAoKcvm. O HHX 11pHHATO 1OB0pHTb TaK, KaK eCJIH 6bI I111gero TaKOTO Boo6me 14 He 61X10. PCHI TaK 14 TOB0pHT. IloKaaaTeBBBo, KaK 14CrIpaBmsieT 3TO ripmmename MeHb, nonaram, seposimo, tITO B CBOeM HCTOIIHH'ce (= y HBa110Ba) OHO BblETIAWIT He CJIIIIIIKOM AormaTBilecKH 11pHJ11111H0. 3aMe-
gymecitae limune — Kommenmarnop HoHo2o 3ueema
57
H5151 11BalIOBCK1111 TeKCT Ha Hepenon 113 HepyCall11MCK011 6H6JIHH, OH no cyTH ne
na iipocTo B131130A14T Horipoc 3a iipenenbi cepbe3Horo 06cy>1(neHHH. Meni)/ TeM,
TITO 3Han11r, Haripvimep, (no "gap ,111yxa eCTL OTIIHrIIITCJIbIIMII ripinnaK meccri3110X14"? KaKaM 3rioxa A131151eTCH meccHaiicKofi, KaKan IIe sinnzeTcH, 3aMOJIKaIOT JIH napm Ryxa, KaK TonbKo miniyeT meccHaHcKag 3noxa, HJIH HX
JE( O II >K I I O 0>KHRaTb 11 11p1lBeTCTBOBaTb, HOCK01113Ky meccHaiicKaH 3110Xa 11p0J1011>KaeTcsi? O'ICBI4J11-10, 'ITO 9TO HpHmenaillie camo Hy)KnaeTcH B H313ACHe111114, on'laico ero IIIITCH)451 oneHryitia: HOMeCTI1Tb "Tiap(m)
B 11CK:110'11ITC111,111,111
KOHTeKCT, 11131BeCTII HX 3a ripenenbi e)KenHeimoil peanbilocm. Tonno TaK ›Ke H
14CTOIIKOBallHe (5:21) "HpoponecTHa" KaK "riporionenu nem,'" Hauenelio ripocTo
Ha 3aKpbrrHe noripoca. "Flpoponecmo" B 1 (Decc 5 ne ecnn, riporioHenh
BO BCZKOM cnynae, ero clielinclniKa ne)Kirr B 'ICM-TO npyrom.
B ripiimeriaHHH K 1 (Decc 5:16 (oTcyrcTilyeT y
Kommewrapini 1413/1110Ba) Me1113 IIpaKTH'IeCKH I3OCI1p0113BOJ(HT ripHmenamie 1413a1I0Ba, H3me1Isisi pane '1TO CHIITaKCHC 14BallOBIl Ha 60:The coHpemeimbift (Hnii meHee IniTeparrypiibdi). I1To, onHaKo, ripollexonirr HpH 3Tom? CoHeptneiiiio TieneorrmeneHHinù BbILlIe awro6HorpactninecKuri ripi3Kyc
natimi — KaKIIM 6bI 3CheMepI1131M II rimoTeTrinecimm 011 1111 6blJI. 11T0 KacaeTcB
ripllmenatinsi K 1 (Decc 5:23, TO o6a Kommeirraprin — 1/1Halioli H HepycaniimcKaH 6116nna — (y MeHK — Hepenon IaCTH npumenainisi 113 llepycanumcKoH
6116n1111; y Palla IICT K 3TOMy cTrixy) 1313IABI1raIOT ROBOJIb110
airrporionormecKne monenii. KommeirrapHil MeHH, Ha nepHinil H3rnsin
HpocTo cnenylouiHil 3a llepycanHmcKoil 6146nHe6, B nC6CTI314TC,TIL1iOCT14, 110-B11Rvimomy, rimuneri' TeKCT 14HairoBa: 3To MO>KII0 yChfaTpHIlaTL B TOM, TITO 113
ripmmenaiing 14epycannmcKoil 6H6n11n oli Hbi6pacinHaerr riepHyio (I)pa3y (o6 OTCyTCTB1111 y flaHna nocnegonTenbHoù airrpolionorim), OnaIOLL1y10, HO>KaJ1)111,
— HMeHHO 110 KouTpacTy C BOOJI)1111eBJICHHIAM TCKCTOM 14BaHoHa, — HecKOJIbKo
1IpCIIC6pC>K14TCJIbHbIM 06'beKTHBH3MOM.
Pa3ymeeTcH, BO BCCX 3T1IX C:1)1'MAX B03MOAGIa onm6Ka rimepngeirrrnimKaHHH. Bcerna mo)KHo "y3HaTb" HBaHoHa TaM, rise ero HeT 111114 me ero tiamepeHrie 6bino peunrrenbilo HIIbIM, item moHmo 6bino oxcHnam. IlpHmelinembul
3necb meTon 3aBenomo nepeogeHHHaerr oxmnaemocm, "3aKoHomepHocm" HCHX0.110F11H, o6pa3a MbI11111eHHA, nOMIIHalIT nwrepaTypHoro CTHJIA cy6 -beKTa
(HHaHona) — Il 11X COOT110111e1I142 c ero 6HorpacfmnecKram cirryagimmil.
cnenyiorgylo KapTHHy 1103TOMy MO>K110 C"114TaTb TOJIbKO 3CK11311011 H ripenHapiiTenbilal.
B He6onbuiofi crraTbe, pa3ymeeTcH, He1303M0>KHO ripoailanH3HporlaTb He TOJIbKO BCCX, 110 iia)Ke H ripocTo ROCTaTOMHO HoKa3aTenbHoro KOJIII"IeCTBa cnriaeH,
58
Korga
Auòpeli Apminoe
KommewrapHz 0611.3)KaeT
yanbKommeHTaTopa, Tem 6onee ero 6HorpacfmnecKHe o6CTOnTenberBa. KpoMe TOPO, 110HHTHO, LITO Kpwrepum "HHAHHHgyanbHoro" B
KOMMeIITapHH npouro ne cymeerHyer: OHO MO)KCT MOJIgar114B0 110X0J114Tb Ha
HeHligHBHgyanbHoe, 14 Hao6opoT, MO>KCT OKa31,1BaTbCSI J1H1111. Ka>KHMOCTIA0 HHw4B14AyambHoro. J11060fi 113 HpegnaraiouHuen inpxe cnynaeH MO>KCT 61 AM oeHopell B cmbieme ero HinepriperaHHH KaK riponmeHHA HHAHHHgyambHoro. B
MIA)/ OTCyTCTB14S1 TaKOPO KpwrepHA M 6y)E1y 110J1b30BaTbC51 HOHCKOBBIM ripHemom, KOTOpb111, BO3M0>K110, He JIHILICH 14 TeopeTwiecicoro emblema. A HMCHHO,
coepegoTonycb Ha "oun36Kax", T.e. BCSIKOPO poga HeHopmaTHHHoeTnx KOMmeHTapHH, KaK 30HaX HaH6onee Bepoilmoro riponamelim "HI1J1141311AyanbH01-'0".
Cy111eCTBC11110 110I151Tb, TITO HOg "oun46Kampl" 3gecb Hogpa3ymeHaloTor He Hpomaxm, CI3H3aHlIbIC C HeAOCTaTKOM HHchopmagHH HJIII J1011PleCKOft CBS13110CTI4 (X0TM Ha6moga1oTen, eCTCCTBeHHO, H miche), a exopee OTCTy1111CHHH, BOIlblIbIe
141114 Hesonbilme, OT cTepeomna KommelimpoBaHkul. B nopsigKe pa6one1%i rH110Te3b1 H 6ygy C'1HTaTb, HTO TaM, rge 1413aHoH nonemy-nH6o lie cnegyeT 3Tomy
eTepeoTHriy, OH HocnonilneT 3T0 HecnegonaHHe "raigHmigyanblibim". Moxclo
B03pa3HTb, LITO caM cTepeoTHH ocTaeTcsi He 011pCACJICHHIAM. 3TO geileTBHTenbilo TaK. HO3TOMy M 6yRy HCX0)114Tb 113 npaierHtlecKoro nplimepa erepeoTHKOTOpb1M XII SI mem (KaK, BHAHMO H ) JIH TCX, KTO 3aKa3bn3an 14BaHoHy
KoMMeHTapuII) SIBIISIeTCH pa6oTa O. KOHCTaHTIIHa Palla.
HOCKOJIbKy, TaKHM o6pa3om, H 6ygy HHTepecoBamcg HmeHHo TaKOIÌ 30'1011 "01IIH60K", mo)Ker BO3HHKHyTb HnenaTmemale, 'ITO M alianH3Hpylo HCKJII0nuTenbrio HeROCTaTKH KommeHTapHn HBaII0Ba, T. e. OH cera 6ygeT "HenpaH", TaM rge gpyrlie Heerga 6ygyT "HpaBbi". OgHaKo caiu no celie "npaB1111b110eTb" HnH "Hellpamnbilocm." Hooftge He Bax<Hbi gnu ganbileihnnx paccy)KgeHHil. Ba>KHO TOJIbK0 TO,
nepe3 TaKoro poga HeraTHBILOCTb MbI 110nynaem goeryn K 111)11CyTCTBHIO 1114 11HOCTH KOMMeHTaTOpa, xoTsi 6b1 H K ripHCyTCTBH10 Hee elce F14110TeTIVICCKOMy. TaM,
B gambHeilmem M 63713/ HpoTHB0110CTaBJISITb "npomaxu" 14BaHoBa HopmaTHHHoil 11paBHI1bHOCTH Palla Hall
KoppeKTHpome o. MeHn, mem 6ygeT HHTepecosam He "KTO npas", a TO, LITO
HanlineemyeT pa3HormacHe, 14 3HaIIHT, gHanor, a 3TO gaeT Hage)Kgy paccnbiman, OTACJIbHbIe ronoca.
B ganbHeihnem M coepegoTonycb TOJIbKO Ha HeCKOJIbK1IX cnemcfmnecialx
TeMax Ha3bma10 HX yen0B110 "IlpHmaT HeTpa", "XpHermalle vs. HygeH",
"DxcHecc uponinecKoro" H "CHepx-Hbicoievul ILITI4I1b"), KoTopme camli 6pocaIOTCSI B rna3a IirrraTenio, HpHtlem H orpamlnycb pa36opoM npawrlineeKH M141111manblioro KonwieerHa HpHmepoH. KpoMe Toro, B Kolige H cgenaio 3amegamin
noHogy Bbl6opa HBaHOBb1M CO6CTBeHHO TeKCTa HOBOU0 3aBeTa.
Hble
6e3JIWIHMil HOpMaTHBHblà TeKCT
14JIH 3M0111414
BR ,ICCAa«
Huunou — 'cammei-1~v) Houozo 3usenut
59
flpHMaT IleTpa
IlepBan rpynna npnmepon cHsnalla, KaK ecTecTseHHo rionaram, c onnofi in
("TafillbIX") 3aAan H MaH1451: Hp14611 14314Th pyccKonbinnoro iarraTenz K pHmcxononnmaHnio cyrn 14 urpywrypbt BIlaCTI4 B Ueplan. HeT comilennsi, rITO
HBaHOB BHOHlie HclepeHHe pamensin odninHanbHylo TOHKy yelmsr KaTORHHCCKOH 11epKB1 Ha p0J1b 14 BflaCTI, B Heii PIIMCKOPO eimcKona, palmo KaK H Ha HCTOJIKOBaIIHe pari H 14 BJIaCTH anocTona IleTpa B nepHonananbuoil 11CpKBH, H
itaxotiett, IIa TO, KaK ripHmaT PITMCKOPO ennowna o6ocuoBbiHaeTcsi
BepXOBTIOCTbIO" HeTpa. 2 1
Pali,
Mem.
,Reen
Wie in Evan-
[len Bcema nepebul i-laminaci . FOB01314Tb, 4mc-
1:15(-16)
gelium, so ers-
TIDO no *11130CTN ceoero xapaK'repa, a MUTINO noTo-
cheint auch in
My, riTo XpticToc neeptin emy CBoe cTamo il OH 6bin
H B Te jUill
FleTp,
cTati
nocpegu
yueunKoe,
cica3an (6b1J10
*C
Cipanue
11013eK
COile-
der Apostelge-
nepebim B IIHKe anocTonoe... OH FICpBbill pacnope-
schichte
Pe-
*ae'rcz B 3'l'OM Rene, l'ai( KaK emy Beepeebi ece. Beni,
trus
das
eMy ci(a3an XpecToc: u irite[
Oberhaupt der
neKoMu o6putubca, ynieepòu 6pamuio cuoio" (Beceòa no fiennun Anocm.
ganzen Kirche
///. TB0pCHNSI CB. Mamma antrroyeTa,l'OM IX, 113g. C.
alti
Christi.
FleTepOyprcicoti AyxoBHoil AKageMilli,
30-34). Xapaierepti3ye
OKO-
1903, cTp.
OTHOWCHNN me*ity Ile'I'poM
H OCTN.TH,Hb1M14 anocTonamm, CB. I40aHH 3ThaTOyCT
no cTa nem -
nomepKtumer ganee tieffixo)mmocTb ['mem-1mm B
gaTtl).
II,CpKBH. "Mb! ece 6paTbe, N Ogni y eac HaCTaBHNK,
HO N Memy 6paTbemn HaR06H0, 4TO6b1 ORNH naean
r1peica3zume, a orranbitbie cnyinanticb" ('raM *e, C'I'p.
41).
HBBIIOB
Cn(e)tonaTenbito?) FleTp, HOCTBBACHliblii XpecTom nacTu arenee ero, ebierynaer
3nech rnaeoto 1 ICpKB14. Ily1WHN 3a ceeTooTeriecicoe speme TONKOBaTe116 Remmit
AFIOCTONOB — CB. 140aHH 3ntrroycT (p. B
AnocTona FleTpa
K
Apyrnm rientiKam
347. yM. 13 407 r.) — 'vai< ritti'
XpHC'I'OBbIM:
06 OTHOLLICHHN
"Tlerp cera nepeblit naiineaer
21 B 3Toti l'Annue SI ne npneo*y napanneneil N3 HepycanumcKai 6“6nnti BBligy HX
nepeneeatrrnocTit B paccmaTpueaembix cnyiittex.
60
Anòperi Apxuno“
r0B0pHTb, macTruo no >KHBOCTH C130er0 xapaK'repa, a rlaCTHIO noTomy, urto XpHc'roc
BBeptin emy CHOC cTajto H OH Obin nepBbim 13 IIHKe anocTonoB... My.wue, ronopwr OH,
Cpurnne. EcnH Focnoitb Ha3Ban HX 6pa'rbHMH, To Tem nprtnnurtee 6bIno 'rampe o6pa114eHme fleTpy... OH npenocTaBnzeT aTo Reno (H36parme HOB0r0 AnocTona Ha mecTo
Hyittd) Ha cm 60I1b111HHCTBa... Pa3ne caMOMy IleTpy HeJlb3S1 6bIno 1436paTb? O'leHb
MO>KHO. Ho OH 3'1'01'0 He Hunter, rITO6b1 He noKa3aTbcm npHCTpaC'l'HbIM... OH nepBblil
nocTaBlin rurrenz. He cKa3an: )10CTaT0'1H0 H Hac, — TaK OH Oblii uy)Kg BCHKOr0 TIL1eenannst, H CTperv1HJICH JiHWb K 04E100 gemi, XOTH H HC 0)1HHaKOBOe CO Bcemu HMeJ1 3Ha-
4eHme... CmoTpm: HX 6but0 cTo nBannam genoBeK, a 113 BCCF0 3T0r0 mHo>KecTBa OH
Tpe6yeT, uTo6b1 OHM H36pan1 onHoro, — n 'rpe6ye'r cnpaBennnBo. OH nepimul pacnopsDKaeTcH 13 3'l'OM ;tute, Tal< KaK emy BBepeHbl Bce. BeRb emy cKa3an Xpncroc: u moi neKolOa
ynmepòu Gpannno nn-no" (Beceòa na,Qemma Anocm. III. TBope-
Hlix CB. PloaHHa 3naToycTa, Tom IX, 113)4. C. FleTep6yprcKoti ,L1yxotutoil AKanemtut,
1903, cTp. 30-34). 14TaK, lieTp He T011bK0 nepBbul no gemi cpenn AnocTonon, a nx
rnaBa; 3T0 BnonHe eCTeeTBeHFIO H BbneKaer H3 o6tnero nono)KeHtim: HO yuetutto CB.
Hoatuta 3naToycTa, B UepKBH Heo6xo14ima egtmaz BcenepKoBHam nepapxnz, ennHoe
cruneHHoHauantte, gnsi nofutep)KaHnsi 6paTcKoro egnHonytuusi H HOW! 11HHOr1 6naro;4aTHoil c060pHocTH: "Beme Bor ycTpotut C'reneHH ti pa3H006pa3ne BnacTH, , ITO6b1
Hee npe6bmano 13 e)111F10)1y111 H 11 Bentwom cornactut"
(Bec. XXXIV no I nocn.
k
al?.
T13013CHIN, TOM X, cTp. 346). 14 eine: "Be3Hauanne — 13e3)1e 3110, npwutHa MHOFHX 6e)1CTBH11, Hauano 6ecnopsn4Ka H CMellleHHA; oc06eHHo >Ke B 11,epKBH OHO Tem onacHee,
'1eM 13.11aCTb Ce 6011bIlle H BbIllle"
(Sec. XXXIV na I noc.a. i Kop.
TBOpeHHH, '1'OM XII,
cTp. 276)
Pali
Mellb
ReAH 9:32
OTcyrcTnyeT y Pé-
flop "o6xoprin, KaK 6b1 HexoTopbul BOeFla-
Cnynnnocb
tua. Cp., onHaKo,
,
wro Ilerp, o6-
ero npumegaHne K
Hy'ra, KaKasi BO Bcem Boopy)KeHnnit KaKaH mme-
X0)(51
Bcex,
K
n p ii w en
,LI,esnt 9:13: Heilige
er Hy*Ry 13 ero npncyrcTunt... ['ne 6buta onac-
CBSITb1M,
s ten
IallbHHK, psigbi, Ha6nFoRaz, KaKasi qacTb comx-
wurden die Chri-
Hocm H rne Tpe6oBanacu pacnopsButTenbHocm,
genannt, weil
'I'aM OH; a rRe Bee 6bIno 13 MHpe, Tam Bee OHR
By1.11,11M 13 II 11)1-
sie durch die Tau-
BmecTe: Tu OH He HcKan ce6e 6onbuteit qecTit"
Re
fe von der Sii n d e
(CB. 14oaHH 3na'royci', Ecc. XXI nu,aellnua An.,
*H-
befreit und Gott - THopew451 H3)1. CHE
geweiht sind.
200, 201).
Ryx. Mag.,
TOM IX, cTp.
61
Banec.nae Heanoe — ko.umennunnop Hoeow 3ueerna
14Bation
CBATbIN11.1 Ha3b1BaIlliCb xpwrnaHe, noTomy '1TO OH1,1 oTpeuninnch OT mnpa, ne>Kainero
110 'ne,
11 OCBSITHJ1HCb
KpelneHnem. Hen "ofixonnn, KaK 6b1 HCKOTOpblii HoeHamanb-
HHK, pAntn, Ha6monaz, KaKaI
CON1KHyTa, KaKaI BO BCCM Hoopy>KeHnn n KaKaX
umeeT Hy>Kny B ero npncyrcumu... Fne 6bina OFIaCHOCTb H
FRC
rrpe6oHanach pacnopn-
WITC.11bFlOCT13, Tam OH; a rne BCC 6b1.110 B MHpe, TaM BCC OH11 BMec'l'e: 'raK OH He ncKan ceGe 6w-imperi HecTn" (CB. I4OaHH 3naToyer, Bec. XXI
C115
pyX.
MI
,aesunta An., THopeHnsi Hnn.
AKan., Tom IX, c'rp. 200, 201). VITaK, AnocTon Hely nepnblG HC no HecTn
(1)6o a Lkeplan XpHc'I'oaoG HCT mecTa Ansi nycTon, MHpcKoG Heurn), a no ocoOomy
1303.30>KCHHOMy Ha HCFO CnacnTenem cny)KeHmo: yeTpausurb L1CpKOBHble Heyp5H1H11,b1 H
B0061BC BCC TO, HTo menneT ocynecTmeHme 6naronaTHoit co6opHocTm. KaK cnenyeT
1-10HHMaTb Ha3HWICHIle BCpXOBHOF0 "HoeHananbHnKa" LtepKF3H, BIMBO 113 cnenytounix
CJIOR CB. I1oaHHa 3narroyura: "BoeHaHanbHHK nocTaHnzeTcH Ha) BOHCKON1 M11
'IT06b1 H3 OT)1eJlbH1,1X WleHOB COCTa1311Tb Of1H0 Te.10" (Gee'. XI! na I noc.n. k K017, TH0-
musi, Tom X, crrp.
101).
— Restii 1:15. IlplIMC 3IIITCJIL110, 'ITO caM TeKCT RC51111411 y Patta n y 14BatioBa He 0,111111IIKOB: y Palla, 13 COOTBCTCTF314H C IlaTIIIICKat Tpapatnueil, IleTp
BCTUT nocpegn 6panibea, inmitten der Briider, in medio fratrum, 'roma xax y
HnailoBa - nocpeint pienuKoa (dcSE2∎465V/pta011TCW B pa3111,IX pyKOIMCIILIX Tpagunnsix). PIlIblMil CJI0BaM1,1, B
TeKCT ReS11111i1 6C3yCJI0B110
IlpegerdB.1134eT HeTpa KaK O73HOF0 143 pammix, Toraa KaK 13 nacTH epeneciatx
TCKCTOB B031114KaCT I4J1J1103142, 'ITO IICTp BuraeT nocpem C0011X ymenni(oB.
3Bonionnsi npumegaiing K aTomy eTnxy 13eCbMa noKa3aTenblia. B ToRxoBamin Patta roBopvercz, CO6CTI3e11110, TOJIbKO TO, 3 ITO B pCAIIH1X Hen BblcTynaeT B Ka 3 ICCTI3e FJ1a13 LI (Oberhaupt) BCCil LIerman XpitcreoHofi, KaK 11 o
EGat/2C.31//1, T.C. IICTpa IIC SIB.11 5110TCSI y3yplIaLIIICil "mem B gepKBB.
OTebulKa K EHanrennio, CKOJIb mnmoxoitom ()Ha IIH 6bina egenalia, curi, òoKa3anlellbC17160, neramicTcKnil aprymeirr B nonL3y n 6e3 TOPO nigninrroro B KIIT0J114 3 1CCK0i1 gement BepX013CIICTI3a HeTpa. 13 11CpCII3M1111414 nepewma H KOMmenTapum PCula, npegnpninrroro B 1967 e. y>Ke ynomemarsiunmcsi Hoannom
KatincTpauom BOTTOM, 3T0 npumenanne nepepa6oTano H 3By 3 IIIT 'raK: 111 der
Apostelgeschichte ersheint Pctrus in seinem Oberhirtenamt, das der Herr ihm
verheiBen (Mt 16,16-18) und nach seiner Aufcrstehung tibertragen batte (Jo
BCpXOBHOF0 IlaCTOpCKOFO eny>Kennz
21,15-17), T.e., C °moti cTopomA,
IleTpa emsrrnaeT ennalKom CHJIhHOC BbICKa3b1Ba1114C, 'ITO Hen CCTb 2.naaa
heptum (Be)(b FJIaBa I(epKB14 — XplICTOC), a e itpyroti cToponm, nepHeanoeTOnLCTBO IleTpa eTpo)Ke o6oenoBbmaeTen 601Iee TO 31110i1 OTCbIJIKOG K eBatiee.mcKomy TeKCTy.
62
Auòpeù Apxuno“
14BaHOB 5IBHO BVIT4T Heo6xonlimocTI, yCH,JIHTb H O6OCHOBaTb nepHelicTHo
HeTpa. HepBaH chpa3a ero Kommeinapm — 3TO npamTinecKH HpocTo nepenon
npHmenaimig Puma. 3aTeM cnenyeT "nommil" npHem: nepHeHcnio HeTpa o60C11013bIBaeT cam HOaHH aThaTOyCT, He TOJIbK0 "nynunin 3a cHnTooTenecxoe
HpemH TOJIKOBaTenb Resumr, HO H npocTo cambin aBTOpHTeTHblii B npanoC.IlaBH11 oTea nepicHn. flepHorsepxosHocTI, anocTona 060CHOBbIBUTCH nepnoBepX0B110CTMO oTna HepKBH.
Henb35I CKa3aTb,
aprymearbi Hoamta 3naToycTa 3HynaT B11011He
y6enHTenbilo. Bo c4pa3e Ilemp ece2òa nepeblù nauunaem weopurnb, tacnitoo
no xueocrnu ceoe2o xapaxmepa, a uacnnuo nomomy, Xpucnioc aaepuri
emy Ceoe cmaòo [...], ")1(14BOCTb xapaKTepa" HeTpa CTaBlITC51 KaK 6b1 HapaHHe c HpBMOÙ camcmen Hncyca, minmainyanbHbai TemnepameHT — c iipenHenIlb1M H36pa1nninecTnom. CKOpee yx TaKOn aprymeHT ymansteT
KacaeTcsi OTHOCHTeJIbHOII )KHBOCTH TemnepameHTa HeTpa, TO He
oHa cnencninem Toro, LITO K MOMCIITy KaHOI1H3aL]FTH HOB03aBeTcfnlrypm anOCTO.T1OB no6nenHenH ensa JIH He 6onee Hcex nponme
TiacTiaixoH xpucTHaHcma? Enna JIH M0)1010 COMHCBaThC51 B
TOM, 'ITO B painien neincHn CyIIICCTBOBaJIH OCO6ble cnyHwiiHn 14I1 H "III1Hb1",
KaK, cKax<em, npopoKH 11,1111 TinTenH, KoTopme B nanbilefiniem 6b11114 BbnecuelibI CJIy)KCIIHSIMH nilaKOHOB, HpecHHTepos H eHHCKOHOB. AHOCT011b1 He TOJIbKO
pa3IICJIHJIH HX cym,6y, HO, 'ITO xyxe, HcTopHnecKHe clawypbi a HOCTOJI0B cBeJIHCb ripaienniecKH K 14X HmeHam, H3penxa ynomHHaemmm B HOB03aBeTlIbIX
ximrax. OTciona ocTaTonHail "ACHBOCTb""Itlb neKornopba aHOCTOJI0B — HeTpa, KolienHo Hce, nanna, meinane — Hynbi H HoaHHa.
"Pa3Be camomy HeTpy 1Lenb3s1 6bIJIO 1436paTb? — npononHcaeT Hoaini —
OH "nei:alba" 110CTaBH11 yIIHTCJI54". Ho B TOM-TO H nen°,
()nein. MOxIIO",
yxe BO Bpemella Hownia "Tanen'," HpOCTO laniero He 3HaIIHJI, CMbICJI
3T0F0 'ama 6bIJI nantio yTpa'IeH 14 3a6bIT, 1103TOMy B TOM, TITO FOB0pHT HoaHH, HCSICHIAMH CTa110135ITC51 HMCIIHO 6a3OBbIC TepM14HbI. "110CTaBHTb", "1436paTb", "57IIHTCJIb", "anocTon" — CTOHT JIH 3a 1-114MH TITO-J1H60 peanbiloe? Ko'Temo, KOHKpeTI10 3TH paccywneinal 3naToycTa HHailony 11pHIIIJI0Cb BbIHHgaTb npo3HynaTb rnamon MLICJIH: "H Me)KRy 6paTbsimil Hano6Ho,
CaTb,
npnica3ain", a ocTanbilble cnymanHcb". HHTepecllo, 'ITO B
nrro6b1 oòun
3TOM npHmenaHHH wallp KommearapHA nepexonar B >Hailp TpateraTa, noKa3aTenbHoro paccyx<neling co ccbinicamm Ha innopviTeTbi. 3HanHT, maTepHz Toro
3acny)HHHana. Ho, MO>KeT 6bITh, olia 3acny>KHBana 6onee cTporoil H 6onee
cm<aTon aprymeHTaaHa?
Bonee Toro, ne 3acnyHaniana JIH oHa ny'anero H3bixa H CTHJI51 B nepenone TCX itiparmenToH, xoTopme Clly)KHJIH aprymeinom "OT OTHOB"? Pa3yMCeT051, 3TO Reno "BKyca", Ho H 6b1 pCIHH1ICH ymemnaTb, 'ITO ecni4 6b1 HBaHOB
SIBMICTC51 JIH
HbIX 1-114CaH14fi
Bil ,tecAtie Haano“
-
63
Kommeumamop Hoaozo 3aaema
KommenTappinx co6cipmetwbui nepeBog Hoamm, penemm
nocnegnero urlami 6b1 xyga xpaine n, Beponmo, y6eg1uenbnee. Flonemy >Ke
CTOJIb HCKyCHbIn 3JIIIHIIIICT, KaK PlBaHOB, K Tomy >Ke IBHO HMC1311.11411 B PIO gocTyri K 140a11Hy no-rpenecxn, ripegrionen 40130J11,110 KOpSIBbIn cemimapPicTexpirl
nepenog? He eCTb 1111 3T0 CBIIReTCJIbCTBO TOPO, wro rimami 113 3naToycm
6m2111 percomengoBarim "crimine"? Kone'mo, c MOCil CT0p0HbI 3T0 HC 6onee
nem CITeKyJnIn1451, HO B nen ecm CBOSI J101-11Ka. 14BalIOB npn6eran B CBOCM KOMmeliTapum K wiTaTam 113 OTHOB 11 ripudiai nepxmi, HO B HC.TIOM MO>K110 cxa3aTb, 1 ITO TaKIle 1114TaTb1 ne 6bIJIH nocnegonaTenmio npirmennembim micTpymenTom HJIH CTHIIHCTIIIIeCKI4M rippiemom. CKopee, 01111 BbIEJISIRSIT, KaK KOJIJIWK,
KaK ululami, n npn TOM, BeTxne 3aHJIaTbI, nononcemime na CTI4JIHCTHtIeCKH
ropaago 6onee ognopognoe TCJIO KommeirrapHH. 22 He oTpan<aeT nn TaKoe
nonhaoBanze narrai' nanon(enne paainsix cTpaTerpar 11 pa311MX nenen?
ROKa3aTenbCTBOM npanomi 3THX paccy)Krieinin nocnyn<nT cnegyioniee
ripocToe Ba6mogeitite: B nepnoil num P11MCK0F0 HOBOPO 3aBeTa, T.C. B
110MCCT1411 B CBOHX
EBaHFCJ1HH 1944 P.
BpitcyTeTuyeT ponilo Ta xce cTpaTerna HC110111,30Ba111451
npocTpammix numi' 113 BOCTOTIIILIX OTHOB. XOTS1 HX, CO6CTBe11110 rouopst, mero 1 1CTb1pe, rine H3 Hoainia 3naToycTa 11 gBe 113 Ecirpema Cm:1mm (B npiimena-'
111451X K Mcj 16:18, 26:75, Ho 21:15-18), no CT1411 10, no meTogy H no nirrerunin
(Bce C13513aHbI C Tema,' nplimaTa fleTpa) 01111 B TOIIHOCTII COOTBeTCTByIOT TaKOBLIM >Ke B
KOMMeHTapHH 14Ba110Ba. HOCK0111,Ky 3Ta cTparrerust ripegmecT-
Tpygy HnaproBa, CC T0>Ke cnegyeT OTHCCTH K ycnoBnnm aaxaaa. T01 1110
TaK >KC na COBeCTH aaxaanvixa J1e>KIIT H gpiciiponopirnonanmioe PicnonbaoBanne
CTHIIHCT14 11eCK14 yncacnoro nepenoganpllnegy TOJILKO 0J11111, HO rimpa3wrenb11b111 npnMep:
ByeT
Pali
Mq)
16:18
der anima ischen
Grundsprache hat der
In
22 notatisi° nwraT
113
EBaureAile 1944
17emp. HMSI FleTp, no-rpeuectot FleTpoc,
no apameficKti Kechac, o6o3natmer "KaMeHh", -
Thl
-
Hoatuta 3naToyura (K
15:13, HaK 2:14-20, 1 rivi' 2:4-10,
PIIM
ReSIH 1:15, 2:43, 4:32-35, 9:32, 12:1-3,
1:18-32, 1 Kop 3:1-4, 1 Kop 7:25-40, 2 Kop
15:5, (Dun 2:1-8, Eup 13:17,), 13 TeKcTe IlBanoBa 14MeFOTCSA ente guTaTbi 113 Fpuropust
BorocsloBa (K 1 Kop 7:20-24), TepTynnualta (K )11,C51H 6:1-3), Fpuroptim Buoecnoua (ic
Fan 2:11-14), Echpema Cuptuta (K Fari 2:11-14), 113 FlocTauouneunst TpnaetrrcKoro
Co6opa (K 2 FleT 1:20-21), 113 6y.11.1161
Deus (K PIIM 5:12), 113 3111INKIIIIKII
Immortale Dei (K P11N1 13:1-7), 113 nani,' Hug XII (K ReSIH 4:32-35), 113 Bac. 3K3emnnsipcKoro (K ill,e5311 2:43; utrrupyeTcsi ero Tpyn 31,renue [e one'Ia'rKo6: ilrenne - A. A.]
()permei-t t(epicau a cotlicimsennecinu u AutAecum, Knea 1910). E/0.111,11111HCTBO 113 33'11X
tarma' IlMeCT
xapaKTep.
64
Areòpeli Apxitium
H 51 roBo- Herr beidemal dasselbe "cKana". XpncToc BbICKa3b1BaCT CBoe Hamepepie 're6e: Wort kepha = Fels ge- une, ocy-LnecTimeHHoe nocne BOCKKCCHI12, noT bl
— braucht. Er erkennt priwrb FICTpy BCPXOBH0e cny>Ketme B I4epKBH.
TleTp, H dem Petrus die oberste &melo XpucTa-FnaBbi AFIOCTOJ1 Hen Ro.1>KeH
ua cem Gewalt, den Primat, zu umerb yriacTue B ceacTBe Cnacirrenz 6b1Tb
KamHe
und erkWrt ihn fiir das (CKaJ1010, y'recoM), ua KoTopom 1-10110>KCHbl 0Ccomam
Fundament der Kirche, HOBaHHS1 I4epKBH — Bce AnocTo.nbi. TaK FIOHHHCpKOBb
ftir den lnhaber der manki BTOT TeKCT BenmKne Yuprrenn H Grum
Molo
Schltisselgewalt, der 14CpKBH. CB. Fpnropuii BOrOCJI0B: "143 XpucBinde- und Ldsevoll- TOBLIX yueuriKoB, KOTOpble BCC 6b1111I BbICOKH 11
macht, als der ohersten JIOCTOilHbl w36pauusb OBIIH umeuyercsi Kamuem,
kirchlichen Gewalt. H CMy 110BCpSHOTC51 OCHOBaHHA LI,CPKB11" (CII0B0
Himmelreich ist gleich 32-e. TBopeHrm CB. Fpuropuu BoroCJl., TONI. l,
Gottesreich
oder u30. CotiKuHa, CFIB, 1912, cTp. 472). 5.na)K.
Kirche.
HepoHHM: "113 RBeuzumaTu 1436Hpaercsi 0J1HH
ABB 'coro, wro6b1, nocTamm rnaBy, yururrowTrb
noBoR K pacKany" (rIpoTuB H01311H1laHa, KH.
TBop. 6na>K. Hepoumma, KHeB, 1903, q. IV, erp.
171). HameKaz ua aro o6einaHne, CB. HoaHH
3.naToycT FOB0p4IT o fleTpe:"TaKoB 6bIn Hely,
BCPXOBHblil B COHMC ux, ycTa BCCX AFIOCT0110B,
rnaBa TOL.° 6paTcma, npegcTosrrenb Bceti BCCJICHHOi1, OCHOBaHlle 14epKBH..." (TB0pCHHA,
I/13R. C.-fleTep6. Ryx. AKagemun, T. IV, CHE,
1900, cTp. 571).
BO3Bp3.111310Cb K KommeBTapmo K ReSIH 1:15 (-16). B Kommewrapvm O.
Menn B EpK)CCeBbCK011 B116111111 coxpapielim gBe nepBbie 1114TaTbI 113 14031111a
3naToycTa, IIO peumTesimio Bm6pouleBBI Bce paccyx<ReBBA ollepBeBcTBe IIeTpa. FlOCKOIlbKy TCKCT 141311H0B3 CO BCCMH ero gwraTamm CCTb yxce gaimocm
11.1151 MCHH, 6onee 3113'111MbIM OK33b1BaeTCY1 ne TO, nTo coxpatielio IIpn pegaxTHpoBamm, a TO, TITO BBI6ponietio. He comrieBaloch, trro O. MeHb ne HMell
nímero 11pOTHB BepxoBelicTBa HeTpa, a mo)KeT 6bITL, Tka>Ke H rtpoTHB ripnma-
Ta pilmcxoro enucKona, noBog H crioco6 moKa.3aTestucTBa ero B 14133HOBCKOM
KommeliTappm Ka3anzch emy IIC y6em4Tem"Imm. B KOHne KOHHOB Mellb npocTo "o6BaxcaeT Bpmem": "Xapalerepvnyst OTHOHIeHHSI Me)K11y HeTpOM H ocTa:lbHbIMI4 anocTonamil, CB. H0/11111 3.11aTOyCT nognepKHBaeT gamee Heo6xogmMOCTb F.T111BeliCTIM B UepKB14", T. e. CCLISIKOH Ha Hoamia onpaBABIBaeT npaBoc.riaBBocm ripBmaTa HeTpa.
B56WC.M.16 kMartoH — Kommenmamop Hoeoze 3aeemu
65
— Reali 9:32. IIpnmepno Ta Ace aapTiia, TITO H B npenbinyinem npramepe:
HeTpa H 01151Tb grae nJIMHble nraTaTm 143 aaaToyeTa.
KaK 14 B ripembinyutem cnriae, nprameilanne TaroTeeT K pacey)Kneintio H noaa3aTenbCTray. .11ratub nepraam chpa3a nprametramin Hrainioraa coomecena C TeKCTOM Palla 14 CDIIKTIIIIeCK14 5113351eTC51 nepeBOROM ero aommenTapm K Re1I1
9:13. Bce °ci-aghi-1°e B 3TOM npramenanrara, T.e. ero neeparanentio 6onbma1
naeTb, npnranatio CO6CTBe11110 K TexeTy ReSIH1411, npinem 110BOROM KOMmeHTapm cnyacaT TOJIbKO cnoraa "o6xoita racex", TaK tITO KommenTaprni 3I1eCE,
Bb1r11 54AVIT nOBOJIbil° Aucraponopmonanblibim TeKeTy 14 ne Manne peneraturrilb1M.
01153Tb BepX0BeHCTBO
Ha clione 3tratamiora 6e3mtmlocTit H 6eeeTpacTriocTra KommenTapran 14Bal10ero "péniebeicoil" 'meni (T. e. TaM, rne Hraanora neperaonraTinepeexanniaeT
Ilenb354 ire OTMCITITH Ile3HannTeJ113110r0 egraura B
ripitmeilannn K Resni 9: 32 (y Palla — K 9:13): BMCCTO péineraexoro 0~6011i .111Wb oni 2pexa (von der Stinde befreit) y Hraanoraa — oraperumucb oni mupa,
fremattre2o 80 3.1W, H ramecTo 661.111111066ill«elibl Bo2y (Gott geweiht sind) — Oc631/1111.111Wb 'Teme/mem. He npornaniabaeT JIH B 3TOM HeCKOJILKO "M0110CP14314TCKOM" "017113611.111.111Wb 0171 mapa, .11691a1114620 60 3.36" npracyTcTinie KommenTaTopa — npramepllo B TOPI ›Ke mepe, B KaKoii on (npennonoacnTenbilo!) npracyTcTrayeT 13 paCeMOTpellHOM BbIIBC npramerianrara K crrmy 143 1 (Decc? Ori KaK 6h1 He
peumeTea npramdurn K celie xaTeropratieexoro "ocao6oòui1ca ora 2pexa" 'un
"nocaamturcH Bo2y" H m16npaeT newro "6onee aenobeneexoe". 3Ta nepratia
in eTb nprameitanna He TOJI13K0 KommenTiwyeT IlerITO npyroe, ileM I3C51 ero ocTanbilaa tIaCTb , — ona 14 nemonorntlecxn rimasi, H MO)K1I0 exaiam, oHa npranagneAcriT K gpyromy npoeKTy. Ona lianHcaHa race 6onee ymrapoisopsnontramem
oTpeniarouttimca eTapnem e ABellT1411a, Torna }cm raTopam tiaem l'annettila
racnonnalounim CB0e 3anamte npocj)eccopoM naricaoro rie61Ioro 3aradienna.
3Ta wropag, "npocpeccopexaa" tIaCTb nocTpodia BecbMa Ka3y1cTratiedcram
cnoco6om: enamana "06X0,115111_114ft BCCX" HeTp aBTOpHTeTOM 140a11H0B011 umTaTIA BO3BOJEIHTCSI B patir "KaK 6b1 ileKOTOpOr0 raoenagandima", pice I43 3T0r0
cneRyeT, LITO "IIeTp neprabni IIe 1-10 HeCT14 [...1, a no oco6om5 [...] cnyacennio",
T.e. oco6oe cnyaceinte, oco6ennan nepapximexag cpyincluta ra3ranexaeTea IIe
143 'tracanna, a 143 oTxporaelino meTachoprailecicoro HOSICIICHVISI K nricaratrao. YTconepamT nonemmy 'Tornai
HeNKReHme, tuo HeTp "nepBbIù IIe no
pacripocTpanennoro B npabocnaranom mripe nonnmanraz "nepraencTraa" fleTpa
KaK "nepBeHCTBa HO neCT14", a ire B embicne peanbnoro nepapxraneexoro nepBeHCTBa KaK eamoro HeTpa, TaK 14 nacnenyroutnx emy pl1MCKHX C1114CK0110B.
MO>K110 no-pa3noMy cynram O TOM, IlaCK011 1,K0 y6enwrenbnoll OKa3b1Bamei, norma 3Toro naccaaca. Onemiraam ee He ecTb MOB 3anana. °mimo noynraTendio B3r.11 5111yTb na TO, KaK ero, 3TOT naccaac, neperntebniaeT npyroil
Ba, OCO6CHHO B
66
Anòpeù Apxunoe
aBTOp. TpyR110 1101151Tb, 3anem O. MeHb ocTaanneT avrraTy 143 3JIaTOyCTa
6e3 nanmeilumx paccy>xnermil ona °lima cna6o ~aria c TeKCTOM Rea1-114ft 14 BbILTIS11414T COBep1.11eHHO 6eCHOM0114HO11. HO KaK 14 B npenainyurem cnynae,
mem, ammee TO, 11TO BbIllepKI4BaeTCSI, a Bb1 11epKHBalOTC51 HMeHHO 3axinmaH1451 06 00060M CJIy>KeHHH HeTpa. 3naToycT ocTaeTca — HO 6e3 11011bITKH 14C110111,30BaTb 1111TaTy 143 HCFO B nonemaxe B 410.11b3y npamaTa HeTpa. Beposimo
6a1 nawe cica3an, oneafaillo), O. MeHb BHACJI BC10 IlpSIMOJIIIHeilHOCTb 3T0F0
neTparincTcxoro naccmca 14 noaaman, IITO XOTSI ripamaT pamcicoro ermcicona H
npamaT HeTpa — 3TO CMe>KHLIC, HO HC TO>KReCTBeHHble 14 He HeIIpeMeHHO 63a
umo-3aBviellmbie amai, B pyCCKOR3b1 11HOM, ne. HO ripeamynfecTay ripaaocnaaHOM mape 3TOT KommeriTaprdi cxopee noapenwr HeTpy, nem nomo>iceT eMy.
XpacTaane vs. Hygeil
Cnenyroniym TeMy, KOTOpyIO MO>K110 C'IHTaTb HaCTOWIHBOfi H nOCT011110i1 B1111maHHH H KOTOpa51 npocTynaeT amemio 6naronap1 TOMy, tITO ripamenarma 3TOH
rpynnai paMIKanbH0 nepenficamaiorcsi Ka>KJ4b1M cnenyroinam awropom, moxclo
oxapfuerepa30riaTa KaK oTpmxmouryio TO, KaK HBaHOB noriaman cyra nneonOralleCKOil nonemmo4 H 110JIHT1411eCK0F0 KOHCDJ1HKTa me)Kny nepaonananaliaim
XpHCTI4aHCTBOM H ero HygefICKHM KOHTeKCTOM.
HpOTHBOCTOSIHIle xpacTaaa H ayneea — ofma 143 HOCTOSIHIILIX TeM HOBOF0
3aBeTa H (mila 143 HOCT051 11~ TpyfmocTea ero in-rrepripeTama. BO MHO>KeCTBe cnynaea Ile JICUKO 01411031 1311110 14 HCTOpW1eCKH TOIIII0 011peRe.TIFITI, 1114 tITO
Taxoe nynevi, HH 1 1TO nume xpricTimae, HI4 CyTb HX KOHCI)JIHKTa (CM. 06 3TOM
HI4>Ke). Honxon K 3111M npo6nemam nanie acero npeAoripenenaeTca (14 6e3nai1e>mo yilponiaeTcg) aneonornefi, 11O3TOMy 014H11 14 TC >Ke HOBO3aBeTHhIe TeKCTLI MO>KHO TOIIKOBaTb 14 KaK "onpaaname" ai-rracemaTa3ma, H KaK "060CHOBaHHe" ayneo-xpacTaancxoro entri-le-1.13a. Pa3ymeeTca, peammale TOJIKOBa111451
cera newaT 1711e-TO B "cepoii 3oile" menu gBymA 3THMH nomocama, Ho
pa31114nlle Me>Kgy acero 1111111b orreaxama mo)KeT 6bITb nOCTaTO, III0 ampa314Tenano. TaK, B3aHMOOTHOLLICIIIISI IIaIHHX Tpex KOMMeHTaT0p0B HO 3TOMy BOnpocy MO>K110 6 o6i«ux qepmax H306pa3HTb cnenyiouram o6pa3om.
O. Pauy, 6e3yCJI0BHO, H3BeCTHa HeTpHBHaJIMIOCTb H I1p0BOKa11140HHOCTI,
BOHpoCa, 14 0I1 cTapaeTca HO BO3M0>KHOCTI4 yeTpailaTa iiaripax<earie — anponem, 6e3 KaK0F0-11 1460 onnopTym43ma. ECJIH H riparammo affilammo, B rna3ax
HBaHOBa TaKOH 11031414HH iranocTaeT OCTp0Tb1: 111151 HBaHOBa HCKJ110 1IHTCJIMIO
amma HOB11311a HOBOF0 3aBeTa, peB0J11014110HHbIti 14 anoxananTwiecmail xapmerep xpacTaaacTaa, noaTomy B caoem KommeaTapim OH HOCTOSIIIHO nonnepximaeT K01111111HKT BLICB060>K41e1I1IS1 HOBOFO H 60rtee peafmnozo (xpacTaaacTaa)
67
BR.-lecium klealum — Kommenmamop H00020 3aaema
143 maTeppmexo'n o6ononxn BeTX0F0, acero 11MM pea.abnow (nyaeilema; He
nyTaTa C nygan3mom), no KonTpacTy abicTynalowero KaK peaKinlonnoe, KOHTpalloKanHrimgecKoe. Banane, 6epexmo co3Raaaemmil Panem, napyinaeTcn
"B nona3y" xpncTnaneTaa — H SIBHO B cTopony CHMB01114CTCK014 TpaKTOBKH XpHCTHaHCTBa.
H3MCHeII1451, KOTOpbIe BIIOCHT B TeKCT HBaHOBa O. MeHb, II0Ka3b1BaIOT,
oanoil cToponai, OH eTpemmaca yeTpalinTb npe3mepHyro 3a0CTpeHHOCTb
vniTepnpeTanim 11pOTHBOCTOSIH1451 "xpneTnancTao VS. nygeneTao" KaK K011ciminiera, 14 HMCHHO B 3TOM CMbICJIe OH npeo6pa3yeT KommenTapini Haanoaa, a
C gpyroil CT0p0HbI, OH HCX0A1111 113 npe3ymnnvin nepsonanananoro nyaeo-xpneTFIaTICKOPO C111111CTBa, KoTopoe OH B TOI1 HJ111 HHOfi (j)OpMe ReiciapupoBan B CB0em KOMMellTap1411, H B 3TOM OTHOILIeHHH OH Becama paRliKaab110 OTJIHTIaeTCSI
OT PéL11a. EJ113a IIH M0)1010 COMIIeBaTbCSI, LITO MeHb onacanca, LITO TaKOil
4)aT143HpoBaHHblil apamaTn3m OTH 0111CHHPI mexcay xpneTnanamn H nyResimn
rpeuinT negoyneTom Toro, IITO MbI cennac nammem "11011HT11 11eCKOH KoppeKTHOCTbIO", T. e. TaK0F0 KOHTp011S1 3a peneBb1M14 epeaeTaamn, KOTOphIf4 He
1103B011 ReT nepeoemaienwra noeTpoennale C I1X 110MOLLIbIO TeKCTbI B KOHTeKCTax penpecenli "Apyroro". HMCHHO HO TCM Tpanetopmannam, KoTopaim npilmenalinn Haanoaa, caz3annme e npo6nemo1Ì "xpneTnane VS. nyaen", noaaepraioTea B KommenTapnax o. Menn, neri«) 011pe11e11 11Tb 11 IIHX 3ony 110TeI 114H1
1TO, C
B
anb11011 1113yeMbICIICIIIIOCTH.
Pa3ymeeTea, 6bIJIO 6b1 mimo CIIHTaTb, , ITO KTO-TO 143 KOMMCIITaT0p013
6b111 npaa, a KTO-TO HeT, nanpnmep, nTo Mena nenpaanna TO, B 1IeM HBaHOB
oum6a.nea. B ACI1CTBIITC11bI IOCTH, n3mennaineec1 apemsi H3Mel1H110 IIC
TOJIbK0 KommenTapna Haanoaa, no 14 BCeil TeMbI B nenom, 14 110TpC60B11110 Ce
peBH3H11.
Péln
,111,esm 15:1
Als in Antiochien
eine GeHCKOTOpble,
npilwejumie
meinde von HeiH3
1/1y;" , denchristen entripulii 6pa'l'b- stand, die ohne
eB: eeim He Beschneidung
und ohne Beo
o6pe)KeTecb,
14lla1oB
Mem.
.113191'11111K11
[11.nantibuo aprymenTom KOHcepnaTuBFIO HaC'I'pOe H H bl X
xpucTuau 6b1l10 TO, rITO BCC
3a110Be)114 14 o6ps1Rbi FISITIIKH11>Kim (Topbl) HMCFOT 6o)KecTBeHHOC nponcxontenne, u,
2a.1111Ch
CBCHOBaTCJ1bH0, HHKTO FIC
HepycanteAtcKue
xpucmuune 113 14.0ee(i mpe6oeaau orn
Aumiloxtit(eH, imo6bi Kpecmumuieeca
noòeepoapeaanwo.
68
Ar)peù Apxunoe
no
3aKoHy bachtung
des
Movweeey, He mosaischen
mo)KeTe cnac- Gesetzes lebte,
'rHCb.
forderten judenchristliche
Lehrer aus Jerusalem nachtdglich die Beschneidung und
Beobachtung
des Gesetzes 81S
heilsnotwendig.
Ount6onno ymeepx- enpaee mx OTM01151Tb (Tem 6oòaim onu, nmo Gea nee, namwrye o cnoeax Xpncco6.tnoòenun 3aKOHU '1'0861X: MCI) 5:17-20). KpoMe
Mouceeea
He803- Toro CaM Xpnc'roc o6pamodicno cnacmuch, mance TOSH,K0 K HyReem H
KIM ec.au 6121 CeRillaR flO3J1HTM (KanepHaymcwW
Kponb ClitICIIMeASI COTHHK), H 113 3'I'OrO RenanH
ne 6bina ~a no ce- BbIB08, 'ITO ymeHHKom Ero
Ge òoemamonna alza mo)Ker 6131Tb TO116K0 TOT, KTO
cnacenust.
chopmanwio BOUICH B o6unmy
Hapoga Bo>Kne ('i.e. npowen
9epe3 o6peR o6pe3aHHH). Muli 14 BapHaBa ocnapneann
3'l'y TO8Ky 3peHme. HOBbIrl 3anei', HeKorma o6eukaHHwil BoroM (Hep 31:31), ROIDKCH
661Tb HH61M He>KenH BeTX111I.
20: 3
no cnymaro
eo3myrneww,
cRenaHHoro
npoTHB Hero
Hymesimm
Do cnymwo Bo3MyweHne, cgenamtoro
npoTHe Hero HyReeMn: no npewme 380ymbneneffin nponte
Hero Hygeee
ReSIFI
Péuu
EBp 1:5-14
Die Engel sind nur der Hofstaat, der
zum Dienste fiir den in Majesdt
ora 143 AH- erscheinenden Sohn Gottes bei der
F0.8013 cKa3an Parusie am Ende der Welt aufg 02: Tbl CbIH geboten wird. [A Sie sind nur
M011, A Hblfle untergeordnete Diener [...]. Chriponen Te6H? stus dagegen ist I<C, nig und
H eiie: A 6y_ Herrscher (8,9), ja der ewige und
Ry Emy OT- unvednderliche Gottt (10-12).
gom, 11 OH
6yReT Mue
146o
Cb1HOM
KOMS/
Ro crzylwo no3myugenun,
MeAunnozo npomua nezo, T.e.
3aroBopa npome Hero.
H111111013
flpoTHe ityàdienmyromux Juiceynumemii, npontezuwxce npu3Hawno
ChlHOBlier0 JIHHa e BOX<CCTBC,
AnocTon HacTarwaer Ha yreep*ReH1,114, HTO C13111 Bo>md, pOnkeHHID111,
a He COTBOKH1-16111, BCTICHCTBI4e wwHocywHe CBOCF0 co arnom, 6ecKoHe9Ho npeeocxoRHT HallewcwHe
Hepapxmi COTBOKHHIDIX Ryxoe, AHrenoB [...1.
Mutecnae 1/16ano6 — Kommenmamop Hoeozo 3aftema
71
MO)KHO HJIH 14 BOBCe He 3aMeT14Tb HJIH OTMeCTH ero KaK Me.110I1b. Re1icTBHTenbH0, KommeHTapHA HBaHOBa 11paKTIFIeCK11 TOJILKO noBTopHeT TeKCT Restmul B CHHOHHM14,4eCKOVI cpopme. K CO6CTBeHHO TeKCTy, "Ho cnynalo BO3My1.1.1eH1451, CACJIaIIHOr0 HpOTHB Hero HygeHmH", KOTOpbIg OH HepeHHcblisaeT, OH HpH6aBnBeT nepectipa3Hpomy: "HO 11p4PIHHC 3J10yMbIIIIIICHH51 HpOTHB Hero Hygees". TpygHo 6bITb 6011CC JIOVIIILHIAM HO OTHOIIICH1410 K TeKCTy.
T-ITO )Ke, ogHaKo, genaeT C 3THM KommeHTapHem MeHb? OH TOIIHO TaK
xce nepermcbmaeT TeKCT Resumfi H TOtIHO TaK )1{e nepechpawyeT ero B C06CTBeHHOM HpHmenaHHH, HO HpH 3TOM B O6OHX cnynanx oT6pacbmaeT TOJILKO
01:1HO CJIOBO, Hyòeu. 24 BepoRTHo, emy Ka3anocb HeIly)KHbIM JI14111H1111 pa3 gepraTb 3Ty 60J1e3HeHIIy10 cTpyHy. 0)111aK0 BaHmee, nowanyú, gpyroe. B camom
gene, KTO Taime HygeH Jlesítmti, ga H Boo6me HoBoro 3aBeTa? flpecTefiumil
aHaJIH3 paccnammeT 3TO noHnTHe. B xpoHonorkinecKoll IIJIOCKOCTH campix CO6bITHII HoBoro 3aBeTa uyòeu — 3TO npocTo 7K14TelIH Hygeli H guacnopm, cpegH
KOTOpbIX pa3BepTbiBaeTca nepBHIIHam cHeHa xpHcTilaHcma. HHcyc, HOaHH
KpecTHTe.nb H HX yliemficH cyTb TaKHe ›Ke HygeH, KaK H (hapvicevi, caggyKeH,
MbITapH, "3JIJIHHHCTbI", KaK HapH HgymeiicKoPi gHHaCTHH, 11p03eJIHTLI 14 TaK gaHee. B penHrHo3Hom OTHOIlIeHHH Ba)KHCIIIIIHM CBOACTBOM TaKoro HygeilcTBa
5113111eTCSI "HapTHilHblil" runopanH3m: B pennam eppeeB 3Toil nopbi cymecTByBpa)Kge6HocTH, BIIII0Tb
eT M110>KeCTBO Tege111111, KoHxypHprouulx B11110Tb
IIJIaHOB a110KaJIHIITIPICCKHX B01111 BCeB03M0)KIIbIX "CbIHOB CBeTa" HpOTHB
BCeB03M0*HbIX "CbIHOB TbMbI", TO eCTb Bcex HpOTHB BCCX, HO, — tlTO Bammee
BcerO, — C6011X 11pOTHB C6014X.
Hao6opoT, K momeHTy KalIOHH3a1114H, H ciano 6bITb, nocnegHero pegaxTHpoBaHHH HOB03aBeTHbIX TeKCTOB B HHX HaKartiumaeTcH H3BeCTHOe KonwiecTBo
KOHTCKCTOB, OTH005111114XCSI K nonemmce xplicTHaH 113 5131,1 ,IIIVIKOB C xpmcmaHaMH 143 HygeeB, a Ha camom gene oTpa>Kalouwx npogeccbi gmccouHaHHH H AlleTampipoBaHHH xplAcTHaHcTBa, Terlepb y)Ke HpaKTH'IeCKH HOJIHOCTbIO "113
VI3bI 111114KOB " , KaK OT B03HHKaK)11 Ier0 napannenbllo C HHM HygaH3ma, TaK H OT
ero CO6CTBeHHOr0 HygeficKoro npoinnoro. ReBH 20:3 — 3T0 KaK pa3 TaK011
TeKCT, KOTOpbIil O 6onee panHllx CO6bITHSIX roBopHT Ha 6onee 1103VIVICM SI3b1Ke;
ero M05KHO 110HSITb TOJIbKO C yneTom Toro, CITO uyòeu B Hem 3Ha1IHT yn(e Ile
24
Rpyroe OTHHHHe TeKCT3 MeHz o'r TeKcTa Flemma — aTo aameHa "3noymbiwneHa "aaroHop". Han6onee BepOSITHbal. HC'I'OIHHK "aarentopa" — aTo PlepycanitmcKam
Et6m4H, ute rpeq. èrct(iov2A nepeno)tuTcH KaK comp/ot, B crrntme o'r meHee TOHHOCO
pyccK. `Boamyntemte', cp. TO>Ke He nnonHe 'romito Anschlag y Péwa, [die Juden] nachstellten y Jhorrepa. navét'b, KOHBHHO, Torntee BCCFO, HO 3T0 Bcero numb KanbKa
(He patito pyccK. tuwem).
H142"
72
Auòpefi Agninos
"omonteHHe K Hygenm" — 60.11ee Toro, oTHoLuenvie
nyxcomy, gpyromy.
— EBp 1:5-14.
B He06bVIHO AJIHHHOM AJISI Hero nplimenamm 061,SICHHeT, KTO CyTb aHrenbi (neer() JIHIEb "nowTHHennbie cnyx(prrenH"), 14 KTO — Chili
BO>KH11 (caM "HenHbiti H Henpememimbui Fior"). HBaHOB, yganHo o6birphibaioInHil cxogcmo BeTX03aBeTHIAX 1111TaT 113 paccmaTpHbaemoro nacca>Ka C nwraT011 113 CHMBOJIa Hepbi 14 TeM cambim CBH3b1Ba101111,114 npopoKoH e oTnamH nepxBH, ycmaTpHbaeT 3ReCb nonemmy C "HygeficTnylotnumll ynnTennmH". MO>KHO
C110pHTb O TOM, K Komy o6paineHo nocnamie: K xpHcmanam H3 HygeeH 145114 K
xpmcmanam 143 513b1IIHHKOB, K ylIIITeJ151M 14J114 K yimmbim, BO3MONCHO ga>xe, K
xpvicTHanam 113 Hygeen, riviTenbcTnylounlm 110 OTHOILIeHHIO K xpacTilanam 143
B3bItIHHKOB, — 3T0 BCe palmo ne 11p0HCHHT, KTO Taime "HygeticTnyionnie yintTenH". CJIOBO "HygeticTnyrounlil" 13110JIHe MOUT° npliHagnexcaTb K HOB03aBeTHomy JIeKCHKOHy, KaK npvinacTHe OT rnarona uyòeacineoearna (L01.)3OgELV),
KOTOpb1H HmeeTc51 B Fasi 2:14. B naccaxce, K KoTopomy IlpFIHaRJIe>KHT 3TOT
CTHX, me)Kgy nponllm, 01111CbIBaeTCH CITO TO Hpoge CTOJIKHOBeHlla HaBJIa e HeTpom, nplinem Haben o6nHnaeT fleTpa (2:12) B TOM, CITO OH "go ripH6LITHst
HeKoTopmx OT HaKOBa, en BMeCTe C 513bItIFIHKaMH; a ora Te HpHLIIIIH, eran
TaHTLCSI onacancb o6pe3ammix", 25 H Amm.ne npocTo Ha3bIBaeT ero smgemepom: "nmecTe e mal .nHnemepHnH (cruvunexpjencsav aîn(i) H nponHe HyJeH".
3aMetly nonyTHo, CITO uyòeu u o6peaaHnble B 3TOM naccaAce — 3TO an. HeTp H
110CJIaHl1b1 an. Harcosa, 6paTa Focnogm T. e., KaK BO mnoncecTne cnynaen
HOBOM 3aneTe, xpHeTHaHe. flaccanc 3aKannlinaeTcn CJI0BaMH 06JI KOTOpble Haben ronopHT fleTpy 26 "npH BCCX": "ecnli Tbl, 6yJytIH Hy)eeM, >K11nell'h 110-513bItIeCKH, a ne no-HygeilcicH, TO 1111151 nero TbI 513bIIIII1KOB npmiymcgaeLub >K14Tb no-HygeilcKH (nciíg
gOvq àvayiegeig iouSagetv)?". To eCTb
uyòilicineoeamb 31 lagHT CJIe):10BaTb o6binanm Hygeeb, 6naronecumbix wviTeneú HyReH, B 11aCTHOCTH, CTaBLIIHX xpHcTHaHamH. B 3TOM cmbicne, "HygelicTBytonkHe rIllTeJIH" — 3TO CTOpOIIIIHKH HeOCTaRTICH1451 3THX )1peBH1X o6binaen.
B KaKHx-TO cnynanx, Hanpnmep, B cnynae He1AeHHA c SI3bIIIHHKaMH, 3T14 o6b1navi SIBHO 11pHX01114JIH 13 npoTHnopenne c yneHHem Hircyca, Torna KaK B 11pyrHX
cnynanx HH'ITO He meniamo HX coxpaHHTb. TaK, cicax<em, o6pe3aHHe Himem He
CTOJILKO "Hy1:(eH", CK011bK0
K
25 "Onacanb o6pe3annbix" — aTo nenpaminbnbin nepeBon 4of3olínevo5 -coùg èle
nem:tonfi; 13 Cnnonanbrion 5146nnn, 6yKB. "onacamcb 'rex, KTO oT o6pe3annB", T. e. ona[oey>Knennz] xpncTnan 113 o6pe3annblx.
26 nerpy
13 pyceK. nepeBone COOTBeTCTByeT Kvnha (Krgbag B rpen).
B
n.-cnaB. nepe-
BORC n y IlloTepa — FleTp, B naT. n y Palla — Kntia. BnpoieM, cyLnecTByleT n rpem.
Tbl, 13 KOTOpbIX FleTp, a ne
nonpama.
B
B03MO*HO, rITO TaKoe 'n'enne ecTb neTpmimercKaz
TaKom cnynae, aro 6bIno 6bi nennKaTfloil nenynamagmen FleTpa.
Tholecnue H6anoe
—
IcoAl.MeHmamop Ho6ozo 3aeema
73
npoT1111open11no ximemaHeicomy yneHmo, H BHOSIlle MOLTI° ripogon11caTb ey114eCTBOBaTb TaM, uke OHO 6bu10 Tpa11111111oHHo. HOIIHTHO, CITO TaK11e Hygeticusy1011411e y 1111TeJTH IIIICKOlIbK0 He MOPJIH yrpo11(aTh HIIKe0-KOTICTaHTIIH0110.T1bCKOMy Credo, H coe1111HeHHe ogH113( C IlpyFHM B Hpe11enax TOJIKOBaH1411 Ha ORHH CTHX
143 HOCJIaHH51 K EspeHm eRBa JI H MO>KHO np113HaTh repmeHesTlineeKoil ygane11.
HanpoTHH, HMeHHO CO-, H TeM cambim, 11pOTHBO-HOCTaBJICHHe "11y11eileTHyro41111x" anemeffram CHMBOJ1a HO) cxamnBaeT nponTeHne "Hygeficmyronwx" KaK
o6o3HaneHHe KaKoro-To HenpaBoBepHoro, epeTHnecxoro yt1eH1111, Hanogo611e
"epee11 11y11etieTHymuulx" 1451 H "epee11 11(14go11cTsyrou411x". 3amemm, qT0
"epecb )11HAOBCTBy1011111x/Hy11eilcmyrom11x", Kaxan 6h1 11cTop11necKa11 KOHKpeTHOCTb He CTOSIJIa 3a 3THM14 TepmHHamil
3T0 scerga "yK.TIOH" xp11email B
"pam311Hemlir uyòau3M, T.e. B pen111-341o, KoTopa11 eTana oftHell pe1111r11e11 Heex
eBpeeB, TaK CKa3aTb,
pennrileil, B0311HK111eil B 3TOM KanecTBe
CHHXpOHHO C xpricTrtaHcmom, HO 6e3yCJI013110 non)Ke ero anOCTOnbCKOr0 nepHo11a. HI4 HeTp, HH HaKOB, I 114 14X ygeHHKII H HHKTO 143 xplieTuall woro 'TemeHI4 He MORTIH "y1CTIOHHTbC51" B 3///y perirti-Hal. Rum 6b1 H0Bo3aBembie nricaTenvi
H ocO6eHHo aBTOpb1 eBaHreJIHìÌ HbITa51 14Cb oxapawrep1130HaTb TaKoll yKnoll,
01111 6bI HC110111.,30BaJ111 rnarom Occplcragetv.
111311menaHHe MeH11 K 3TOMy cpparmeHTy — 3T0 nOCnOBHbiti nepe11o11 143
Hepycan11meicoil 6146511114. Elisa J114 MO)KHO cy1111Tb O TOM, KaKa11 143 11eTaneil
3TOPO npHmenaHHH oco6eHHo nprnmeKna o. AnexcaHnpa. Bepowriio, emy
noripaBrurocb, nTo TonxoBaHHe HepycanHmcKorl 6H6r1HH "HOIRBaTbIBaeT" HsaHOBCKyIO HHTepnpeTannio paccmaTprmaemoro nacca>Ka B xsnone CHmBona BeOTHa H Cbma", "CBeT OT
pm ("TO}KReCTBeHHOCTb Hp11p0111,1 H pa311111111e
TONKeCTIMITIOCTII
CCb111K0f1 Ha
HeCKOJILKO rannaeT ee
CBeTa"), HO TyT
anexcampHficxylo nixony. flepemnin(a. mewny KommewrapHem 14BaHoBa H
HepycanHmcKofi 6H6nHeil cama no celie, KoHenHo, cnynafnia, Ho B KanecTBe
nplimenaHHA Mora oHa CTaHOBIITCSI He cnynailHori, 14 conepKaurazca B HeI
HeilTpambna11 11111-Dopma111111 nr114o6peTaeT nomemnneeK1111 momeHT. Be11b caM
513b1K CIIMBOI1a: OTe11, CbIII, Koroc, — mc»KeT 6bITb cHeneH, BO BCSIKOM enynae
B TOPI mepe, B KaK0à penb HneT 06 aneKCa11711314fICK011 111K011e, K CIMIJIOCOCDCKIIM
TpyAam (1)Hnoria Hynen. Tem cammm, TaM, rne y 14BanoBa Bmpa)KeHa HecoBMeCTHMOCTb xp11cmalicTaa C "ny11eficK11m11 rurreanm14", MeHb yizawnuaeT Ha
3aBHCHMOCTb xr114eT11aHema OT "11y11ee11". (He HCKJIiOtICHO, Bripogem, 'tuo nepeHo11 cnenaH He o. MeHem. flononemre BHyrnaroT csiona "CBeT OT CBeTa —
JIaT. Lumen de Lurnine (CHmBon Bepbl)", KOTOpble BbIRTISITISIT KaK H36b1T0qcilmnaTml" O.
I Iblft 6yKBal1H3M nepeBona. KaKOBbl 6b1 11H 6bIJIH "KaTOJIWIeCKHe
Bermi).
Meli H, OH eRBa nri CTaJI 6b1 CCUTIaThCS1 Ha JIaTHIICKIIrl CHMBOJI
—
74
3KCIAeCC 3
~peli Ap.minoe
pOTHtIeCKOFO
Cne)>;yionvam rpynna npvimepon mo>xeT 6bITb oneviena xax 6onee commiTenbnan, xax eine menhine xapaxTepinyiouvast 14BaFroBa-nenosexa H 14nanoviaKommenTaTopa, nem npenbuiyinan, vi TeM ne menee H npviivwxy ee, noTomy
TITO B ee 110JM3y ronopviT nvniamvixa CMbICJIOBbIX B3aHMOOTHOLLICIFIÚ Tpex KOMmeirrapneB. Pa3yMeeTcn, 3Ta nimaivillxa mo*eT 6LiTh H cnynailnoti.
Pau
Hlianos
ReAH
25:13
[...] itapb Arpunna H
BepeHHKa npH6bum
B Kecapmo nompaBlfrb cetra.
Agrippa 11. 1...1 war Arpnnna II [...] 6bin Hcegeno npeRau
den Romern ganz pumnsmam H nocneumn nocerprrb HoHoro
ergeben und machte npoKypa'ropa, ebecTa. BepeHnKa, >KeHumden neuen Land- Ha He 6e3ynpermoro none)temm, npHxopfleger bald einen imnach Arpnnne II cecTpoil; ona Hbanna
Besuch.
3amy)K 3a cHoero "Ho Hpojta, Haps' XanKHALA, HO nommyna ero H HepHynacb K
6paTy.
Fan 5:13-26
K cno6oRe npwmaHbl Bbl 6paTma, TOIlbKO 6bi cHo6oRa Hawa
He 6hina 6b1 K yzomcòemilio nnom.
Weit entfernt, ein CHo6oita BO XpHe're FIC ecm cHoeHonme H
Freibrief fiir ein zii- 6e3Hamamie, nomopcmo rpexy H pa3Hy:3gelloses Leben zu gailue noxoTeti, HO )KH3Hb B Ryxe, K0'1'0sein (13-15), ist die phii1 rrpe6oHaTenbHee 3aKoHa, n6o npochristliche Freiheit THBOFIOCTBBIlfle'l"I'CMHb1M BnerieHasim He
vielmehr ein Wan- TO.BbK0 BHCLIIHHe 3anperbi OThellbHbIX
del im Geiste, frei jtypHbix piCAHH11, HO H BH yrpetume 110.110von Siinde (16-21), wurrenbHble Tpe6oHamm. LI. Boimmbill
dagegen reich an Ryxom pacnsincsi co XpHcTom: OH pacmin
herrlichen Tugenden nnom CBOIO c ee urpacTsinm n Honiene(22-26).
HHAMH [...1.
,
Meni,
Hepyc BII6.11
Arpunna Il [...] 661.5 Hceneno npenaH [miommam n HOCHell111.11 HOCCTHT6 HoHoro npoKypaTopa (etra co cima cecTpoii BepeHHK011, Kompaz nommyna cHoero My>Ka
YlpoRa, unsi Xamombi,14 HepHynacb K 6paTy.
Sa sceur Bérénice vivait alors auprès de
lui, non sana fair jaser; elle se trouvera,
quelques années plus tard, aux còtés de
Titus.
BJUICCACIel
Heaueii — Kommelimamop
H06020
3Rech npertmononarate'rest ABa polla no-
75
3ueema
Ce passage montre bien comment s'op-
Oyntennif — FIJIOTCK0F0 14 jtyxoBnoro xa-
posent ces deux principes d'action, la
paterepa [...]. Beitombui ,ELyxom xpmc-
chair et l'esprit
TliaHNH nenocpejtersenno >tomer B neM (er
Mené par l'Esprit
le chrétien spontanément vit selon
22, 23) n erBpautaercz iten, K KOTOpb1M
l'Esprit, vv.22-23, et se détourne des ceu-
BlIerleT ero BOACJICJIeHlle merli (er 16, 24).
vres auxquelles le porte la "convoitise"
de la chair, vv.I6, 24.
11BanoB
Pali
OrKp 2:1-7
i... I
waren
[ffinco.napubt, rinButme,] , rro Bce no .no-
xopowo, , rro TbI ne-
eine Sekte, die Un-
fieno, n >KIIBIllli[e] B ceoem nerBoperae
HaBli1114111b ;tuta H14-
ZUCIII
konarroB, Keropute
von
n a Henami>Ky
Diese
und
GenuB
IIJIOTCKHNI noxersim, KaK 5I3bIIIHVIK14.
Gótzenopfer-
fleisch
fiir erlaubt
erkliirte.
Hepyc bigia
Mem
HIIK011aPITb1
—
npeiteraffirrerm pannexpnc-
Doctrine [...I qui annonce les spécula-
Tnatickat CeKTbI, Flaxogmilneficsi B flepra-
tions gnostiques du II' siècle. Elle tolé-
me. H3 ganbneilwero (CM. OrKp 2:14-15)
rait aussi certaines compromissions avec
BbISICHMeTCH, ,ITO 1114K011a11TbInponoaejkon -
les cultes paiens, comme la participation
fili Komnpommcc C 513b14eCTBOM 14 Remi no-
aux banquets sacrés, cf. v 14.
nysrimmeckmii o6pa3 )K143E1141 14X MO>KFIO
paccmanmea'rb KaK Ilpe11411eCTBeHHNKOB
FHOCTI4K0B.
— Renn 25:13. B npnmenannn I4BanoBa Bce, Kacamakeecn nal»!
B TOtIHOCTH BOCHp0H3B0)414T npnmenanne Palla,
11 BeCI, 3TOT nacca)K 143
npnmenannz 14BanoBa 410 1 1TH 6yxBanhno nowropen y Mena. Pa3nnime
naeTcsi TaM, rne penB 3axon11T o Bepennxe. Y Palla o Hefì npocTo IICT 1111
CJI0Ba — Beposimo, HOTOMy, 'ITO e-ma He ltrpaeT npawriviecim HHKaK0r4 p0I114
B cimmeTe 3T0F0 cDparmenTa, 1111 B cyngie [latina. 3aTO 14BaHOB Bnyr BC110mmmeT O CKaIlAaJMHLIX riepHrtemix 113 >K4131114 BepeIIHKH. 14 RenaeT 3TO He
TOMB°. BepeHMKa nepBblil pa3 61-nna 3amy>mem 3a MapKom, ChIHOM afIel(CaH11pffikKoro ana6apxa Anexcannpa, a 3nannT, 3a 1 -111eMSIHHI4KOM elmnona Hynest.
Palio OBROBeB, Olia BbILLIJIa 3amyw 3a Hpona, napm Xanximm. BTOpWIHO olmoBeB
6Bino Torna neBnmannam neT), Olia Ciana N<I4Th CO CBOHM 6paTOM
ATM-111011 TI (11H111b npennono>maTenbno [!] B 141114eCTy03HbIX 0TH0111e1IHSIX), a
76
Auòpei' Apmenos
3TM BcTyriHna
B 6paK C KIIIIHKHACKHM gapem HOJICMOHOM, HO Hcxope ocTaMina ero 14 HpoRonwaria *HTI, c Arp141111011. BO Hpema Hyrreficxog BOI1H1,1 oHa
6mna erge "BO 'pere IOHOCTH" (TaHHT, Hist. II, 81) HecmoTpsi Ha CBOH copox
o6a B Hee BJ1106JICHbI, TaK TITO 1103MCC, B PI4me, xyna oHa nepeGpanach HmecTe c ArpHnnotr, oHa oTxpErTo 6Lina Hanox(HHgeil Twra 14, ecnH 6b1 He npoTecTm ceHaTa, ciana 6b1 ero )KeHog H aHrycTori.
HM ripmunoch paccTamesi, Il 3T0 armo rophxo nrIn 060HX (Berenicetn
dindsit invitus invitani, CBCTOH1411, Div. Tit. 7,2). BnonHe ROHyCTHMO, TITO ee
ripecnoHyThig npomHcxygTeT eCTI, He 6onee, nem nacm xamnamm no onepHeH1410 110Te11111aJILHOfi HmnepaTpHrtm, TO 1IHO TaK >ce, KaK 14 cnyxH, TITO oHa
"*HBeT C 6paTOM" (HOCHCP, Antt., XX, 145), pacripocTpaHanHcb B Plygee TeMII, xomy ee pomaH C THTOM Ka3a.TICSI II3MeHOì "ponHHe". 27 Mexqy Tem olia Ha
KOJ1e1151X yMOJIAJla npoxypaTopa (1)nopa OCTaHOBHTb pe3M0 B Plepycanlime,
HmecTe c 6paTom y6enrana HapoA npumirpfrmai e PHMOM, 6Lina gocTaTomio
Ha6mmia, tITO6bl gemaTh Ha3opericrog4 HOCT (HOCHCP, Bell. lud.). Ee Hepegxo cpatimmatoT c KneonaTpog. PaCHH Harmcan o Heti TpareAmo.
TITO roHopsi o BepeHHKe, I4BalIOB icommeHTHpyeT He CPaKT, a much.
Iloxo)Ke gamce, tuo OH KommeHTHpyeT He Remi 25:13, a CTHXH 143 VI CaTripm
10HeHana (156-158):
deinde adamas notissimus et Beronices
in digito factus pretiosior. hunc dedit olim
barbarus incestae, dedit hunc Agrippa sorori,
JIeT, H BeCIIaCHaH H THT 6bIJIH
H ")KeHnirma He6e3yripeimoro llogertemm" (incesta) nepeGripaeTcyt H3 3Hame-
27 IlpHmemaTenbuo, wro npHmepHo TaKasi >Ke "H3meHa poRtme" o6ecnemuna coxpaHeHme emmerHa eHpeficKoro Hapona N ero pernArmi, xoTH y>Ke B ttamenettuom Rime. i;loxaHaH 6. 3aKKati, TaK cKa3aTb, comaTenb paBBHHCK0r0 Hygaw3ma, 6e>KHT N3 ocankeHHoro H y>Ke o6pemeHHoro lilepycasmma, summeTcsi K BecnacHaHy H npopomHT eMy, Tro
OH C'I'aHe'I' HmnepaTopom. Korga npopomecmo HcKope noRTHep>KgaeTcm, BecnacHaH
o6eakaeT PICHORHIATb mo6ylo npocb6y i;loxaHaHa, II B0'1' O mem npocH'I' p. l"loxaHaH: "gai)
mue 1ilaHHe H mymmix ee", T.e. ropoRoK ilaHHe/AmHzfo, B KoTopoll o6pa3oHancst '1'0'1' CMHeRpww, KoTopbni KaHounimpoHan eHpeficKyto 6H6snue N ripmcnnkin K KoRuctiKaHHH MNWHIA. HO nortoRy 3T0r0 *enalwa p. AKHBa 3amemn BrIOCIICACT131411: "06paugait andiate ux òertaem 2.aynoemblo (VIca 44:25). OH garpKeH 6bin
em myòpbtx
cKa3aTb: OrnycTH 14X Ha ceti pa3", T.C. CHATb OCaNy c Hepycanuma (bGittin, 56b; HmecTo
3amemaHme AKNI3b1 o3HamaeT noimmamie
BecnacHaHa go.YDKeH 6br1'b, KOF1e9HO,
TOM, rITO SIMHNA 6bIna KynneHa geHoù IlepycaoHma. 3a paccKa3om O IloxaHaHe cneJjyeT paccKa3 o6 OCKBepHeHNII XpaMa TIATOM: "OH 1332.n 3a pyKy 6.nymffiTy (zonah), BOwen C Hal B CHATaN CBATbIX, pa3HepHyn C1314TOK TOpbI H coHepunbn [e Ha] Ha HCM rpex
Cavar 'arer(h)" (ibid.)."Bnywina" — 3TO, HeCOMHCHHO, BepeHHKa.
BR-tecAue 1/1«ario6 —
K.0318lelIMUMOp
HoHozo 3aeema
77
HHT011 II03MbI B ero npumenamle. Pa3yMeeTC51, 3TO Bcero JIHIIIb goraw(a.
BaHcHo gpyroe: nonemy 113 Bceil, paBHo HeHy)KHOH 3I1eCb 14HChOpMa1411H O BepeHHKe, B KommeHTapHH ocTaeTcg TO1113K0 "He6e3yripenHocTB" H HaMeK Ha HHHecT? Mo)HeT 6bITb, HpocTo cnynaPitio. Mo)KeT 6bITb, KaK cppettgoBcxast Orosopica. 061_11eH3BCCTHO, xaxoe mecTo 13 CDHJIOCOCPHH H 11a5Ke B pe.TIHrHil HBaHOBa 3aHviman 3pOC, C KaKVIMH axcHepHmeHTamH, KpH3HCaMH 14 KpHBOTOJIKaMH, C
KaKHMH pa3MbILLIJIellHHMH — 110p0f1 110Ka5111HbIMH28 — OH 613111 conpg)KeH B >K113HH lloaTa. He morna 1111 CTpOPOCTb K BepCIIHKe 6bITb npoetatHeti CTpOrOCTII K
celie? PetuaTB — 6Horpacpam. Oxammcb 3Ta rtmoTen HpaBnoti, Taxoh cpater
npopmBa 6CCCO3HaTelIbH0r0 mor 6bI OKa3aTbC516HorpacknecKH 3HaiIHM131M.
R.T1H HaC >Ke 3Hatulmo npyroe, a HmeHHo "AHHamma" ripHmenaHHH HpH nepexone OT aBTopa K aBTopy. IlpHmenaHme MeHH noHTH B TOIIHOCTH BOCIIp0H3BOAHT HpHmenaHme HBall0Ba, 3T0 ogeBHAHo. TO HemHoroe, CITO MeHb ynangeT
— 3T0 ">KeHmtia He6e3yripeimoro noBegeHHH" H amchaTlinecxoe yxa3aHHe Ha
poncTBo ArpHrinm 14 BepeHHKH. Boo61Ite-To 3T0 nenaeT nplimenatme ente meHee MOTHBHp0BaHHb1M, nem OHO 6Buto y HBaHoBa: 3w-1em HO noBogy MOJIIIaJIHB0F0 11p11CyTCTB1451 BepeH11KH Ha HpoxypaTopcxom cyge r0B0pHTb o6 Hpone
KaK MbI 3HaeM, eCTb HeT0 11-
XaSIKVICKOM, XOT51 6b1 H HOKHIlyTOM el0
HOCTb), 14 O "BO3Bpa111e11H11" K
6paTy? Bce
3T0 — 11pOCTO Ile onepeMenaHHbIÌ1
TeKCT HBaHOBa. 011HaKO 3Ta /1erKa51 pepKTypa COBep1dICHHO H3Me1151eT IlparMaTHKy 11pHMegaH1151. Tellepb B HCM COBCpMeHHO HCTIe3aeT HeI1p0111eHHa51
"CeKCyal1bHa51" cocTaBnatoutag. KpoMe Toro, conepineHno OneBHAHO, 11TO
HMCIIII0 ee-TO H CTpeMIITIC51 y6paTb O. MeHb. 29
— Fan 5:13-26. Pént ;tosarmi-io cpnermaTHtmo cymmHpyeT nacca>H: Freiheit
— He Freibrief, cHo6ona — He BCeI103B011eHHOCTb. 1411eH KOMMelITapH51 y HBaHOBa TOLIHO TaKa5I )1(e, HO peLII1Tel1bH0 MC1151eTCH plITOpHlIeCKHH permTp. TaM,
rje y Patta acero JIHIIIb "pacnyutelmag )1(113Hb", y HBaHOBa TepM1411bI CTpaCTHOr0 0611 14 1 1eHH51: "HOTBOpCTBO rpeXy 14 pa3Hy31IaHHe 110X0Ter, "TeMlIbIe BileMeH1151", "11110Tb C Ce CTpaCTSIMH H BO5KACJICI11451MH". OTKy/a aTa CTporOCTb?
HpOCTehLIIHH OTBeT: 113 TeKCTa 110CJIaH1151. ReIkTBHTCJIblIO, B ran
5:19-21
CJIegyK1111H11 CHHCOK 110p0KOB: "RUM HJIOTH H3BeCTI11,1; 01111 CyTb: IlpelIK6ORe511Me, 6MM, HeiIHCTOTa, He110Tpe6CTBO, 11140110C11y>Ke11He, BOJIIIIe6CTBO, Bpanla,
2B "Apemygeii
amavi, I),
ikall
pbl
B
HBOTH ronog N no)Kap// RyX0BHblil cner ml-le 3acTiln"
(De profirndis
".311111b HblHe H nowin, cnsrrast Il[oJnaga,// iíro KaNqaz MHHOBaBIDNX ycna-
yeTax 6bina meg, a BO
pene 110.11b1Hb"
( th/CM/MULL(C) — nnnlb
nemHorme npNMe-
MHO>KeCTBa.
29 3amernm, MTO — B conepwermo HHOM nn;ke, qem y linanona — ona ojuivuo urrplixom
("non sans fair jaser") npncyre'rnyer n B HepycannmcKoll 6n6Inin.
78
Auòpedi Ap.ninot;
ccopbl, 3aBHCTb, men, pacnpn, pa3nornacmb (co6na3mA), epecM, HeHaBHCTb,
yagierna, HbaHCTBO, 6CCIIHHCTBO H TOMy nono6noe". Onnaxo eCTb JIH B 3TOM
CHHCKC noxonzb? ECTb nH memnble eizeilenuil, boxòeAentia? (I) opm ambii° , CCTb:
"Te, KoTopme XpIACTOBbl, pacnann IMOTb CO cTpacTamn H HOXOTHMH" (5:24).
HO HO CyLHeCTBy — 3T0 HC onemmno. CKopee na›Ke — HeT. Menanne narincaHO Hannom, KOTOpbHI cKa3an O ce6e, LITO OH 6bui "cpapnceti, CbIH cI)apHCeH",
nocnnTanmA "npn norax Famanmina", H CITO OH "x(nn cl)apnceem no cTpo)Kailmemy B namem HCHOBCRaIIHH }menino" (Reali 23:6, 22:3, 26:5). Enna RH
MO>KHO comnenamcn B TOM, IITO TaKlie He TaK-TO nem) pa3nwinmb1e napm
HOHHTHÌI, KaK npenio6onesinne H 6JIy)EI, IleiIHCTOTa H nenoTpe6erno, pacnpu H
pa3nornacnn, 6b1111 TOLIHO onpenenemsi B co3namm Flanna-cimpncen, H npmTOM, neponTno, cicopee B 10pHWIeCKOM CTHJIC eine TOJILKO HMemgek 6bITb
3aIIHCaHHal MHILIHbI, nem B TOM HeCKWILKO HpH6JIH3HTelIbHOM cTHne, KOTOpbiti xapaxTepinonan (no3) ne-)annumb1e H paimenepKomune 3THxIeCKHC TepMHHbI H ynennn.
HIIatie rOBOpH, na>xe Taxne KaKHM-TO o6pa3OM C13513aHilble C CeKcyaJmIIoCTMO "pena IIJIOTH", KaK npemo6onesmne, 611)71 He'IFICTOTa H nenoTpe6cTrio,
ILTIOXVI HC noTomy, CITO B HX ocnone JIC>KHT ceKcyammoe Acumi-me, a HOTOMy,
LITO 01114 BbIXOTISIT 3a pamIcn 3anpeTOB, rapanTnpyloamx IIHCTOTy. Cablo no CC6e 3TO ceKcyanbnoe >Kenanne CCTb, KOHetIHO, CBOfiCTBO "HJIOTH", H ero npn
>KeMIIIHH MO>KII0 onpenemb H KaK "cTpacTb" H KaK "II0X0Tb", HO TOJIbK0 IIe
B TOM neM01114314p0BaHHOM CMbICJIC, KaKOi1 3TH CJI0Ba, a )9K TM 60.TICe "BMKRenemin" H "TCMHbIe nnenennn" nmeioT B cospememiom pyccicom SI3bIKC, ;la
eroe B SI3LIKe noaTa-climnonncTa. B "CTpaCTHX H IIOXOTSIX" KaK CO6CTBeHHO
HOCJIaHHSI K FanaTam, TaK H TOTO MHpa, K KoTopomy OHO 6bIJIO o6paiueno,
HeT TOPO KOMII0IICIITa o6asiTenbnoil mtyTvi, KoTopmil HCOTTIelIHM OT "TeMlIbIX
BneiICHHI ", HeT TOPI HCKyCHTCJILII0I1 "H3BpaIgeHHOCTH", KOTOpaM, KaK Ka>KCTCR, CCTb y)Ke TOJIbKO nocT-pomanTnnecKoe Anneime," HCT TO11 npuTnraTenbHOCTH, KoTopan TeM 3aMeTHee B "BO>KRelICHHH", LIeM 60,TICe cTpacTno 0110 OTmeTaeTex.
Flonemy nce MbI ne naxonnm anann3a ncero 3T0F0 Lasterkatalog' a B KommenTapnn O. PellIa? OTBeT npocT: KaK npockccnonan-KommenTaTop,
HOIIHMaJI, SITO anana3 nannonoft TepMHHOJIOPHH HOpOKOB H cTpacTeil ripmianne>KHT K KommenTapkno He TOF0 Tnna, KaK ero CO6CTBCHIILIfi, no CyTH pena
30 Ra>Ke B COMPIFICHINX A. A. 4). mapK. Re CaRa marraTenb Haber CKopee H3o6peraTellbH0CM mexamiKa HJIH noBapa, mem chaaTaakno "TeMHbIX Bnemeaati". LIToObi noS11314TbC13 aToil nocneRHeti, nepBaa »rotata 61A1'b nponyakeHa mepea (KBaampenvirmoaHoe) pomawramecKoe CO31-1B1-114e.
Bwtecnae Heanoe — Kommenmanwp Hoeow 3aeema
79
KOMMeHTapI41 K Kapmarmomy 143)11a1111 IO HOBOF0 3aBeTa, a K Tnny MHOFOTOMHoro aKagemwiecKoro Kommeirrapnn, nanogo6lie, cKag(em, TpyAa ero coBpememinKoB I'epMaHa IIITpaKa (1848-1922) H Flayng Bllnnep6eKa (18531932). 31 B neprsoil nacTn neTnepToro Toma CBOeF0 KommenTapnn IIITpaK H
E141111ep6eK 110MeCTI4JIH aKeKype O g06pbix H gypHbIX HaK11011HOCTSIX (S. 466483), 0C110131.1BaIOLIIIHIC51 !Wenn° Ha Fan 5:16 ella. OgnaKo gagce 3TOT BbICOKorieHbiti 3KeKypc MO)KHO na3BaTb 11111.11b npegBapwrenbllbim na6pocKom 3THK14 rlaBna KaK ffiapucest, T.K. IIITpaK 11 EIIIIIIep6eK MX0)1111111 TOJIbKO 143 nanniiHbIX TeKCTOB TaJIMyRa H mngpauleil 6e3 11011LITKII peKonewynpoBaTb aninecmie men 14 nopmbl, KoTopme mornn o6panamcn B chapnceneKon cpege go KoAnciniKannE M14111HbI.
Flpnmenanne O. Me1151, AOCJI0B110 BOCI1p0H3BORalnee npnmeganne 143 HepycannmcKon 6146n1n, CT011b }Ke naKominno 14 6eccTpacTHO, CITO 14 npnmenanne
o. PéLua, H HanMcaHo na TOM }Ke aKagemwiecKom n negarornneeKom ypoBne.
Ha chone neBonbnofi nepeKnwnen HBalloBa e Menem/HepyeannmeKon 61461114eil — Ta >Ke eTpyKTypa npoTnBonocTaBnennn gyxoBnoro n 11110TCKOFO, Te >Ke
a11e1IJISIII1114 K TeKeTy nocnanlin ("Begombin JyXOM", "Bo>Kgenennsi") — TeM
KoirrpacTnee 3aMeTHO, nero — Herr B KommenTapnn Mcmi no (Tal:mei-1mo c
KommenTapnem 14BanoBa. B 3TOM "qTò" eCTI, ABC eToponbi: °ma B110:111e OlIeBlimiaz, a HMeI1110, 3T0 nyBurBenno-pomanTnneeKaz pnTopnKa "TeMIIbIX BJIe111à". BTOpaa — menee onemigna, ga>Ke, mo)KeT 6bITb, enopna, 3aTO, ecnn
MOS{ goragKa BepHa, mo)KeT oKa3aTbc1 Kopnem 'Telma" ECJIH M npaBnnbno HO1114Mal0 TeKCT Mena, TO CMbICJI ero TaKoB: >K141351 B gyxe, xpneTnamm oTBpa>K14B14 OH B gyxe)
InaeTcg (compinennbin mq!), OT gen, K KOTOphIM unage
BJICK11a 6b1 ero "11110Tb". aria >K14Bylnero B gyxe "II:10Tb" y>Ke He SlarmeTem HCKyLuelmem, OHa y>Ke "paensrra", a na nero eamoro y>Ke "FleT 3aKoiia" (Fan
5:23-24). 3TO alloKannirrnnecKan Bepa HOB01. 0 3aBeTa n nepBonatianbnoll
nepKBH, H npnmepno TaK ce H 143110)KHT aKKypambni 60FOCJI0B, KaK Pé111 141111
oTnbt-KommenTaTopm HepycannmcKoll 6146111m, ga>Ke eenll ona RaBHO 11e 213J15IeTCSI npaKTnnecKoil peanbnocTbio.
Hao6opoT, He cnegyloinnil gyxy B11011He MO>KeT 6bITb npaBegnnKom, iranpnmep, CTOHKOM 1111 14 (Papnceem, no Torna emy npnxogirren CO6CTBellilb1M14 cmnamn BecTH necKormaemylo 6opb6y e "11110TbIO" n ee "genamn", H 3aenyra
o6y3gann1 (HO ne paensrrnn) HJI0T14 6ygeT Bceneno npmnag.ne>KaTb emy eamomy (a ne npeo6pa)Kaxlinemy ero gyxy), H KaK "ne ymepLuee 3epno" oli non>Ken "OCTaTbC51 OR1111". K nemy-TO Bp0Re Taxon' TparwiecKoil npaBegnocm
31
Hermann L. Strack, Paul Billerbeck, Kommentar zum Neuen Testament aus
4 Bde., Mtinchen 1922-28.
Talmud unti Midrasch,
80
Altòpilt Apxunoe
xommeHTapHil HBaHOBa. )1(143Hb B gyXe, HO HBaH0By, "11pOTHBO)cenam4ram "HJIOTH" icaxile-To HHhie ClInbI, HeCKOJILKO HenCHO
o6o3HaneHrime HM KaK "BHyTpeHHHe I10110>KHTenbHbIe Tpe6OBaHHH". TaKHM
o6pa3om xpncmaHHH crnecTnyeT 11 HenpephinHom HanpraraceHHH meraqy nonoACHTenbHb1M11 H oTpHgaTenhinAmil CHJIaMH. CKOJ1b 6b1 HH COBeplIMICTBOBaJICSI
ero "BHyTpCHHHA nenonex", B Hem Bcerga coxpaHraeTcra npwrrarazeime nagemm,
11 "Temi-mie HneneHura" cym TITO-TO HpoRe OCTaTOIIH01.0 ocanica HeraTHBH0F0
onbma HHyTpH garace npanenHoti )1(143H14. HHatIe ronopra, "HorameneHm", "TemHbie nneneHHra" n T.J . — 3T0 ne HpocTo CJI0Ba, 06o3Hanaron(He H36bITOIIHO
nyHcmermylo TpaicTomy rpexa. OHH o603HanaloT eine 14 AyanHcmnecxylo
aHnononormo, BII0J1110 "Tpe3Hy1o" H peasmcninecxylo, HO conepineHHo RHIneHHyro all0KaJIHHT14 11eCK011 cocTannrammeft. gyan113m, CTa110 6b1Tb, i(OMHHHpyeT 3nech y Manona Han anoicannnTmoti, 'compara 6bula CTOJ1b narama Ansi
Hero (CM. Bb1111e), — neporamo, noTomy, TITO 6.nHrace oTparacaeT ero CO6CTBO11CICHOHneTC51
nocTaanneT"
11b111 OHbIT.
2:17. COrnaCHO PéIlly, IIHKOna14Tb1 C 1IHTaJIH nO3B0J1eHHLIMH "pa3ynoTpe6neHHe monoracepmeHHoro". HHKaKHX CO6CTBeHHO HcTopHnecKHX
o HmconaliTax He cyuwcmyeT. HaH6onee pacnpocTpaHeHm
mHeHHra, TITO a) HHKOnaHTb1 CyTb nocneRoHaTenH HepycanHmcxoro mummia
HHKOJIa51, "o6paigenHoro 143 513b1IIHIIKOB", ynomraHyToro B Reati 6:5, H 6)
NIKÓka0S, OT KOT0p0F0 Morna 6b1 'marmi HMH 3Ta "ceKTa", — 3TO KanbKa
OT `BanaaM' (bil'ani), noaTomy IIHKOna14TbI — 3T0 TO )ce, TITO "gep)KallIlleCH
yneHHra Banaama" 143 OTKp 2:14. B 3TOM xce cTHxe ronopHTcra, TITO BanaaM
nepe3 BanaKa BBen B co6na311 CbIHOB H3paHJI51, IITO6b1 011 14 "uni HnonoracepTHeHHoe H J1 1060gekTBOBaJIH" (-6ayelv eiScokó0vict ICCel rcopveíicat). Co6cTneHHo, 3Ta cpopmyna H COCTal3J151eT Kommeirrappni Péina; 14 Heporamo noaTomy
OH 1114 cnona He ronopwr o nanaamimax 14 HHKOJIa14TaX B ripHmenaHHH K OTKp
— OTKp
'Tal'
H
2:13-16, rge penò o
HHX
3axoAHT enfie pa3. 32
32 3Tu )Be TeopHH paccmaTpmBaK3Tcx KaK H3ammoncKnfoualounie: cornacHo nepHon,
~man — peanbHoe n'Ago, cornacHo wropon OH — nepeoneTbnl B rpenecKnil A3bIK BanaaM, T.e. Hcero HHIBb CliMBRAHrleCKH11 06'beKT. 51 661 npenno>min crarraTb HHKORHA
peallbH0r1 clmrypoil, XOTA H neo623aTenbHo pasHoll gmaKoHy HHK011aK).
Torna MOSKHO
6bIno 6b1 CrIHTATb, tuo He "3awmppoRbmaer" Banaama H HanaamwroH, a Hao6opoT, BanaaM Bambine". :men, KaK "nwrepnperannz" HnKonam H HHKOIMITTOB. A.13Top Onneposemut nbrraercz gmcKpennTHpoHarb HHICORaNTOB yKa3aHnem Ha nmsi "C
npnmepHo Tem ACe 3HaneHnem". 3To nenaeT Heo6A3aTenbHon aTumonornmecKylo T0 ,1HOCTb paBeHerria FinKonail=Banaam. TaKon repmeHeurnmecKuti npmem Hecbma pacnpocTpaHeH B paHHeii paBBHHCK011 nnTepaType. Camo HMA BanaaM Bb13b1BaCT 3aTpygHeHng
H TonKyeTcm no-pa3Homy.
giv-tecnuo 14«ano6 — icommenmarnop Hoa(no 3cuiema
81
HBaHOBy, HHKOIMHTLI rami, TITO "BCe HO3BOJICHO" H >KHJIH KaK
T.e. "B cHoem HOTB0pCTBe HJIOTCKHM HOXOTSIM". 3aBHCHMOCTb ero
HpHmenaHHst OT HpHMetIaHHH Palla coHepuleHHo °l'esimi-la, HO, KaK H BO MHOn'a gpyrllx caynanx, 3Reeb nplimenaTenma TpaHechopmaHHA. Bo cppa3e Patta
"pa3BpaT" — 3TO a0B01IbH0 eTepToe HOHHTHe, "pa3BpaT Hoo6me", neer° MIMI,
Taxoe >Ke OTCTyILTICHHe OT npaHegHoro, T.e. HopmambHoro, HoHeReHHA, KaK H
sigeHHe Hgono>KepTHeHHoro. TUA iienoHexa gBaggaToro CTOJIeTH51, ga>xe 60nbmoro "KOHcepBaTOpa", monowepTHeHHoe — 3TO exopee HenTo TeopeTHnecxoe, H TOIIHO TaK >Ke KaK HetITO a6CTpaKTHOe HbieTynaeT meeb "pa3BpaT"
(Mb1 eine 6ygeM HMeTb cnynail yTOIIIIHTb 3T0). Y HBaHOBa HMeHHO "HARTio)KepTHeHoe" Hc'!e3aeT, 3aTO pa3BpaT Hoo6nRe yToHnaeTen a0 "IIOTB0pCTBa
HJIOTCKHM 110XOTSIM". 33 B COeaHHeHHH C yHHHepeanbHoil cpopmymoil rpexa "BCe
II03BOJICHO" HOTB0pCTBO HJIOTCKHM HOXOTSIM CTaHOBIITCSI yHHHepeanbHoù maTepHeil rpexa. ECJIH "pa3BpaT" eme MO>KHO TOJIKOBaTI, KaK HepeJISITHBHCTCK0e H3o6pamzeHHe ny)K(JA)oti cexcyambHofi npaiermal, H BO3M0)KI10, BBHay COceAcTsa C "HgonowepTHeHmam", KaKOH-TO pyrryanbHoil, TpaAHHHoHHoil HpaKTHKH, TO "HJIOTCKHe BOXOTH" — 3T0, KOHeIIHO, npocTo BCSIKa51 cexcyanbHocTb,
Hooftge Hesnwe cexcyambHoe mcenaHne. HOHHTHO, TaKOe TOTalIbH0e OTpHHaHHe cexcyanbHoeTH exopee orrpa)KaeT xaxoe-TO HimHHHAyambHoe 143111
rpyrinoHoe pa3Apa)KeHHe HpOTHB cexca, BLITECHellHe H HoRaHneHae HeKOTOporo 3Kcnecca cexcyanbHocTH, nem peanucTllnecxoe H c6anaHcHposaHHoe
xpHeTHallexoe OTHOIIICHHe K
flpHmenaHHe MeHz B OCHOBHOM cneAyeT 3a HepycanHmexoll 6H6mHe1i, HO
ripeo6pa3yeT ero KaK peaimmo Ha TeKCT HBaHOBa HMeHHO B MOMeHTe FIHTepripeTawm HHKOJIaHTOB KaK OT'IaCTH rHourvinecxoli ("IlpeaLLIeCTBeHHHKH FHOCTHKOB") CeKTIA. Ha (bolle OTCyTCTBHSI HO3HTHBIlbIX cHeRermil O HHKOJIallTaX,
HX (IIpOTO-)rHOCTHIIH3M — 3TO He TOJIbK0 enegosamie Plepycanumcxo11 611631HH
(HpHmenamie KOTOpOil O FHOCTWIeCKHX CrICKy.113114101X BCe-TaKH T(OCTaTOMHO
6eCTIOIIBeHII0), HO pa3BHTHe HBaHOBCKOH HgeH O "HOTB0pCTBe IIIIOTCKHM HOXO
aHOMaJIbH0e cexcyambRymalo, trio MeHb He MOr He BCHOMHHTb,
Hoe HoHeReHHe SIBIDIeTCSI HeH36excHbim IlyHKTOM B crmexe HperpemeHmil caMbIX pa3Hoo6pa3Hbix CeKTalITCKHX H epeTHneexnx rpyrm
nasi, "KOHetIll0", rHOCTHKOB, KOTOpbIX K Tomy >Ke MO>KHO, HpH >KenaHHH, pacCOrlIaCHO
SI3bIgHFIKH,
33 Beposn'Ho Ha CJI0BeCHOM ypotme nponaotuno npHMepHo cnenytoutee: B coHeraH1411 Genut3 von Gótzenopferfleisch cnoHo Genul3 3Ha9liT npocTo `ynolpe6neHtte', onHaKo comeTaHHe Unzucht und GenuB morno MIACTO aHarpammaTtmcKH nepeodgopMIIMCH B CO3HaHHH 1/1BaHoHa B Genuf3sucht, `cnanocrpacTHe', tinH npocTo nogcKaaa'n,
emy aTo mageHtle.
82
Attòpefi Apxunoe
cmaTpHBaTb
KaK HOCHTeneti ROKTpHHbl,
cuHTempoBaBuieil ("Komnpomxcc"!)
6H6J1eACKy10 peJ1141I110 14 513bIlIeCTBO.
EcJIH oTa AoraTwa sepHa, TO nepepa6oTKa MeHem KommeHTapm HBaHosa oco6eHHo 3HameHaTenbHa. OH He npocTo yeTpaHsieT MOTHB "HOXOTH" KaK,
MO>KeT 6bITb, C ero TOtIKH apeHHA, cosepmeHHo HeymecTubH1 141114 HeymecTHo
npeysenlltieHHhifi, Ho 14 RaeT coHepareHHo moe ocmbic.neHHe Toro, IITO OH ycTpaHzeT, a TotlHee, csepTbmaeT. Ha "ceKcya.mHyro cocTaBrunowyro" OH CMOTpHT KaK Ha 3JIeMeHT ROKTpHHbI 14114J114 pirryammoro ReticTsm KoHenHo, cneA
TaK0F0 yeTpaHeHH51/ CBepTblBalIFISI HeB03M0>KHO HH paccmoTpeTb, HH 06"b51CHHTb 6e3 COHOCTaBJICH1151 npumemma Mem C npilmenamem 1413aHosa. ,f_km
110JIHOTb1 KapTHHbI CpaBHHM
ripHmenaHuz 14BaHosa
H Mem Ha OTKp
2:14 — Ha
MeCTO, KnioneBoe T(I151 110HHMaIIHSI HHKOJIaHTOB.
OTKp
2:14-15
[...] CCM y TeU
'rati ftemaumeCH rieunst Baliaama, KO'rOpbl6
['armi! BanaKa
BBeCT11
B co6.ria3H CbIHOB
143pamenblx,
4'1'0661 OHM enti
rifiono>KepTneHHoe n mo5ojtellCTBOBallH. TaK H
y Te6A CC'I'b Rep>Kautriec2 y‘leMIA
HHK01IaH-
TOB, KOT0p0C
HeHaeruKy.
A
Mem,
14BaHOB
B ►Ieprame, r;te
111aJIHCb
803861-
Be.11HKOJICI1Hble
xpambi
H
I 1 b1MHJIIICI,
0611.11611bIe >KepTBoripm-
Howemz 6oraM H361HCCKHM, 3a Hcnonejtame
VIMeHH XpliCTOBa MO>KHO 661.110
nonnaTwrbcz
>KH3H1,10,
HLIKOJIal1Tb1
nog HOraMH Teepitylo norley:
0H11 ffitgarurcb C H361 ,1HHKaMH, rtacTrioeanvi B
rix 11J10110)KepTBCHHLAX
nripwecTeax H c06.ria3*C HyBCTBOBall H
Hi1.11 H
KOJIC6J1E0WHXCA
xpncTnaB
CM 11
CBOHM
ripmmepom.
rienvi-
AHanorm c BanaaMoM ( 1 1Hcn 31:16)
ysicmel"rogKy 3peH14og FIVIK011aHTOB.
KaK BaJlaaM C1(110115111
H3pa11.1161 . 211
K
o6tHemito C 51361 ,1H11KaM11, TaK H HHKOJlaHT61 criwrann RonycTumbim y4acTnoBaTb B Tpane3ax, Ha KOTOpb1X noRananacb muta, B32TaH C H361 11eCKI1X anTapeli (Hikono>KepTneHHoe morno BBOHPITI, B co6na3H HOBOO6paLHeHHIAX — l
Kop 8:9-13). HeKO'ropble KommeHTaTopb1 nonarmoT, wro Hmz HmKonati
(OTKp 2:6), no-rpeq "noGeitwresib Hapolta", ec'rb J1HWb eapnaHT HMCHNI Banaam (eBp 6ana — ncTpe6nwrb, am--Hapojk). EJIII ItòoAoxcepm6eHHoe O
1110-
xapaKTepHaz
)11151
6Meticmeoriarut
2361Ka
—
ripopoKoB meTachopa:
11J10.110 -
cJiy*emBe Ba3biRaeTem Onygom, 1460
eCTb
BeTa.
OHO
HCBCpHOC'I'b
Bory Coro3a-3a-
Hepyc bn6a
Selon une tradition juive, cf. Nb 31:16, c'est Ballam qui suggéra à Balaq d'attirer les
Isritélites à idaàtrie avec l'aide des filles de Moab, Nb 25:1-3. [se prostituent —
Image courante chez Prophètes pour désigner l'infidélité de l'idol'àtrie, cf. 17; Os
Baqecnae PIEWHO6
—
Kommertmamop HoHow 3cseema
83
1: 2+. [NicolaYtes — Doctrine apparentée aux erreurs déjà combattues par saint Paul
dans les épîtres de la captivité (surtout Col) et qui annonce les spéculations
gnostiques du siècle. Elle tolérait aussi certaines compromissions avec les cultes
paiens, comme la participation aux banquets sacrés, cf. v 14.
KOMMeHTap1111 MeH51 COCTOHT 143 Tpex nacTeti: B nepHo11, "nmoTemnecicor, H3naraeTc2 norawca (1460 3TO He 6onee, nem ) oranxa) o Hinconawrax 14
"513bI4IeCKIIX" Tpane3ax; BO BTOpOì1, "3THMOJI01411eCK011 ", TOJIKyeTC14 14M11 HHKOJIaH/HHKORaHTOB; 34 B TpeTbeil, "repmeHeHTHnecKoà", naeTca 1131,51CIICHFIe
TOPO, KaKOC oTHouleHHe HmeloT HHKOJIaHTbI K "mo6oneilcmy" 1411 H "noxoTe.
IlepHan nacTb, 6C3yClIOBHO, oimpaeTcg Ha 14baHona ("anTapH", "o6meHHe c
513b11IH11KaMH", "co6na3H xone6nio11uixcn/ HoHoo6pageHHmx", "ImpluecTim/
Tpaneam") — Briponem, ecTecTbeHHo, H Ha 14epycanHmcxylo 6H6nmo. BTopaa
TpeTbsi nacTm — 3T0 umpoxo pacnpocTpalleHHme, MO>KHO CKa3aTb, Tpa,111414110HHbIe TOJIKOBaH1411 paccmaTpaHaemoro naccaxca (Bonpoc 06 11CTO11H11KaX O.
Mem HHbIX, nem KommenTapHil 14Hallosa H HepyCalIHMCKaA 6H6JIH51, B 3Toil
cTaTbe He paccmaTpmmeTcx). 14 HMeHHO B 'Tema' qacTit — He Ha*Ho, SITO
oHa npaxmliecxx 3a1mcntoBaHa H3 HepyCalIHMCK011 6H61111H, — HaKOHe11, cmTO11KH Han i B nonpoce O cexeyanbHoti cTopoHe HIIKOJIaHTCTBa: ceKC KaK
TaKOBOil 3ReCb npocTo H14 HpH nem, IlOCKOJIbKy penti HneT O "HesepHocTH" B
peiturvm, B OTHOLIIeHHH K EOPy. 35
monnaHme 14BaHona O cexce y HHK011a11rne, xaaanocb 6m, Il ymecTHa 6bIJIa HX
KpHTHKa C acxeTwiecKA H03111114H. HO B TOM-TO H Reno, TITO 3necb 14Hallob
oillipancsi He Ha xommeHTapHil HpeninecTbeimma, KOTOpb111 B RaHHOM cnynae
He mor naTb 1111114y 111111 CbaHTa31411, KaK 3T0 61,1110 B nrwmettaHim Pé1I1a K OTKp
2:6, a CO6CTBeHHO Ha TCKCT OTKpOBeHH51, B KOTOpOM OH 'mutui TOlIbK0 06114ee mecTo 061114,114TenbH011 pHTopaxm 11pOTHB HHaxosepHA.
OTcHma CTaHOBHTCH HOHSITHb1M
TOB B nimmenamm K OTKp 2: 14-15,
3TOMy noBogy B
34 3THMOHOFHA 3Ta He6e3ycnowia, HO :_tikeCb He merro BXORHTb
HeTan H.
35 CoBepweHHo TaK *e, KaK, cKa*em, pumekaa 6.anòh npoToriona ABBaKyMa HC
timeeT OTHOLHeHHA itawe K caeurioriciemi finyòlnitge, a ecTb npocTo gormaTwiecKoe FICTO>KReCTBO ptimcKoro 60FOCBOBH51 MOCKOBCKOMy.
4E11119 44
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17:
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ore Le
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r011anonenint meanaty 11117.1•551., 11 11.• Xpigere...40n 11500eronTeadi 111:01111 IO 1:000000, it Brany1,10-
roii E.• :1- 08 Iati n 11p11311. nit
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No.myrcuagarole H
Nowa
CB. HHOCTOROB...", PHM
1946.
Banecnue Lleculo« — icammenmumop Hoeozo 3ueemu
Mem,
6yòy Emy Ornuom,
6yòem Mue
xapalcmepnhie clan
uneiccunòpinicirozo 6o2ocnosim, pcweliHaBille20 ynenue o 17pemyòpocmie li 11020ce (Ilpein 7:25-26); orni ehipcniccuom
moycòectneennocmb npupoòbt u N'ami■-iite nuu Omuu li China. Chili ecmb " CMnue" unii ompumenue ceemmueficH cnuObi (cp. Mcx 24:16t) Olmo, Ceem om
Ceemu — num. Lumen de balene (Cuiteon
Bepre). I...1 B OMAIIMIC ()M Cbilla, tune"' .1111Ula cnymumenu, nochinuemble icu
noktouca .1ZHAR.44, nucneòtuticum cnucenua.
H
CHHOM
—memaffiophi,
O OH
69
Hepyc BH6JI
Ce deux métaphores empruntées à théologie alexandrine de la Sagesse et du
Logos, Sg 7:25-26, expriment l'identité
de nature entre le Père et le Fils autant que
la distinction des personnes. Le Fils le
"resplendissment" ou le reflet de la gioire
lumineuse (cf. Ex 24:16+) du Père, Lumen
de Lumine. I...] Par opposition au Fils, les
anges ne soni que des serviteurs, v. 7,
employés pour le salut des hommes.
—
— Reati 15:1. KommeirrapHil Palla HarnicaH B conepileu HetiTpanbnoil
mattepe, B Hem CCTb yxamitHe Ha KOHCIITHIKT mHeitHil, HO KommewraTop He
npHHHmaeT xtbeti-gH6o cTopollb1. 23 11pHmenattHe HHaHoba go CJIOB "KaK ecnu
6b1 cgsrrast KpoBb CnacliTemst He 6bina cama no celie gocTaTontia Ami cnaceINDI" — 3T0 Beer0 JIHIllb HeCKOJIbK0 mmettelmbiti nepecxa3 Patta, ottHaxo camH
3TH CJI0Ba ("KaK CCJIH 61,1 etc.") BHOCAT B KOMMeHTapHÙ noTeHnHanbito nonemmtectcHti KOMHOHeHT. TO, SITO XOTe.TI CKa3aTb HBaHOB, beposrmo, BHAUIOCI,
emy KaK xpoTxoe gonpontaHlle, o6panteHHoe 6paTOM XpHCTHaHHHOM K 6paTLAM xpncmaHam, H CMIACJI ero 6but npamepHo TaKOB: "CTOJIb JIH Ba)KHbI BCTXHC
cpopmambHocTH nepeg 6e3mepHocTbto >KepTgbi CblHa BOAMA"? HaCKOJIbK0 Ha
camom gene 6buto ba)Kito cgegobatme MoHceeby 3axony, B HCTOpIIII 6bIlIO
riponiteli° npatervineciaim nyTeM: BbI)KHAO H pacnpocTpaHligocb TOJILKO nayJ11,1HVICTCK0e XplICTHalICTBO; HygeoxpHeTHaHurgo He gbigemago KoHxypetinvm
HH C HyReSIMH, IIII C 3AAHHamm. 14cTopimecxoe XINICTHaIICTBO yneneno nyTem
HpHo6peTemm CC6C HOBOU0 H3paH.TIA — ogitaxo Hettoil yrpaTbi BeTX01'0. BMec-
Anòpeù Apxunoe
86
CHep X-BMCOKHA ILITH.ab
HH>xecnegyionkag Ta6JrnUa He Hyxq(aeTca 13 noacHemmx. Co6paHHme B HeiI
ripHmephi H3BJ1elleHbI 113 CpaBHIITCJIbH0 He6onmuo11 nacTH TeKCTa, HO MOUT
6bITb 06Hapy>KeHbI 13 n106011 tIàCTH KOMMeHTap1451 HBaHOBa. OH14 HJIJIIOCTpH-
xapaxTepHylo Ansi HBaHOBa Ilp1i110)EIHSITOCTb CTHJ151, comarmemylo 06Hpycmou apxammoH, rpeHH3moH — CJIOBOM, 0.TIeMeHTOB, CO3Aapanpa 3CPCIDeKT 11p14CyTCTBDISI 311JI1HO-CJIaBSIHCK011, 14 B onpeAeneHHom CMbICne, HaraHo-xplicTHaHocoil, CJI0BeCHOA KyribTypm. BeposiTHo, TaKaR 11p11110J11151TOCTb eCTb ogHa H3 cammx oneHHAHmx tiepT CTHJIS1 HBaHOBa, XOTH, paymeeTOr, CBOACTBeHHaS1 He TOJIbKO ero CTHJI10. 3Aech a o6paumio HHHmaHHe Ha 3TI4
pyroT
ralem
ClIa1351HH3MOB,
CTHnHCTHIIeCKHe artemeirrm, HOCK011bKy OH11 )40 H3BeCT11011 CTe11e1114 pe-VIHRHB11AyainnyloT TeKCT 14/11J111 CO3AaIOT 3OHbI 3MCka3bI,
imnbHeilmero pa3MbILLIJICH1451 HaA TeM,
npHeyTcTsvm JIHtIHOCTH KOMMeHTaTOpa.
CITO MO>KeT
HOHHTHO, TITO 3TOT CTIIIIHCTHIIeCKHH MOMeHT
a 3HatIHT, H BO3M0)KHOCTb
03HanaTi, 3T0 0>ICHBJ1e1IFIe
owyTHmee seer°
BbISIBI151-
eitz B COHOCTaBJICHI414 TeKCTOB HBaHOBa 14 MeHR. 06b1t1110 374eCb OrgeTJIHBO
no3AHeiburrii KommeHTaTop 6opeTcst CO CTHJIHCTWIeCKOTI 3aMbIC110BaTOCTbIO paHHeiluiero. TeKCT Pewa, KaK 14 B 6011b1IIHHCTBe npeAbigyupix
HpHmepos, BbICTyHaeT KaK HefiTpanbHmil noAaTenb mupopmanHH.
KaK
Péuz
PlnanoB
0Txp 3:14-22
Die
[Cnotio K Sla-
erhUlt vom Herrn Tadel wegen
OgliKli41CK011
ihrer
gement]
Leben. Sie hffit sich ftir reich an
143BORCH1410
geistigen Gittern, wnrend sie in
cuniontee o Bone Onta
Wirklichkeit arm ist. Darum soli
utecutnsitoutee B
sie
H
Gemeinde
von
Lauigkeit
sich
vom
im
Laodizea
geistigen
Herrn
festen
"B tiagane 6e Cnoso, H
K
Bory" (Homm. 1,1):
>Brui
CCT13 14313CHHOe
C.F10B0
Cb1H
6e
Bo-
Jika (Annum.)
Orqemy, cmterenb14
ce ocy-
CO3J1B141414 Mlipa H
RomocTpoprrenbc'ne cnaceting.
Glauben, Reinheit und Erkenn-
B ycrax xce 'nega, cnacaembw o
tnis
BCC
des
eigenen
Seelen-
*e Kone6mouttixcz nocneito-
zustandes erflehen.
Barri> 3a ceomm Cnactrrenem, , nic-
Christus ist das Amen, d.h. die
ToceNtemitee neRBBoe monrialme,
Erftillung aller VerheiBungen
tie)Ketut ctinytoutee, o6critoe ,L a,
Gottes[.1
npowntecetwoe BerBembim ranocom [...1.
87
Bllgecnae Placato« — Kommeumamop Howno 3tutema
Mem,
Hepyc B66.a
B .11aontnom 6bIna II,CpKOBb, exonnewasi B
Kpyr nacTopcmix 3a6o'r an. Manna (Kon
4:12-16). AMHHb (eup — BepHO, PICT1111H0)
— ORHO 113 60)KeCTBeHHbIX ttmeH y lic[arin]
65:16; B pyc. neperione — Bor FICTHH131).
Hamano comarniii Bo>Krix — CbIH BO *14ì1
ecm 11313C1H0e "AMMHb" Bone Orna, ocyutecTenetouttni <sic> ee B comaHrin mnpa
14 nomocTponTenbcTee cnaceitna (CM. I/► H
Souvenir d'Is 65:16, où déjà "Amen"
apparàit comme un nom divin.
1 :1 ).
0Txp 4:1-11
[BotteHtie Focnona Ha npemine cnaebtl
Pélll
HBaHOB
Diesen <d.h. Thron> umgeben
wie bei Ezechiel (1,15.18) die
Cherubini in der Gestalt der vier
hòchsten irdischen Wesen.
FlpecTon Hecyr i-leThipe BliikeliHbIX
Ple3eKtinnem (14e3. 1, 15.18) *nBOTHIAX, MHOF00 , 114TblX, KaK XepyBliMbI, H inecTriKpbuiaTbix, KaK Ceparlirimbi, — JIyX01311b1C npoo6pa3b1
Tenti, notow,eit, B0114140114C6, B3b1Baroma n rnarontouteti xeany Bory.
Mcm,
Hepyc butia
-leTbipe 7O4BOTHblX, LICHWIFICHHIDIX °Ha
cnepejtu H c3ann [...] — HeThipe aHrena,
ymarreyloutline B ynpaeneHtni chttwiecMINI mnpom [...]. MeTbipe SIBIISICTCSI KOCM11 41CCKHM Hitcnom [...]. NIFIO*CCTBO 14X
Ogell climeonit3HpyeT eceoxemleatoutee
:manne mripa, npitcyutee 41p0BHACH1410 BoACY110. OHM HOKSIOINFOTC51 Bory 14 eo3italoT
emy xeany 3a COTBOOCHHblil mmp.
Ces Vivants [...] sont les quatre Anges
qui president au gouvernement du monde physique [...], quatre est un chiffre
cosmique [...1. Leurs yeux multiples
symbolisent la science universelle et la
providence de Dieu. Ils adorent Dieu et
lui rendent gioire pour son suvre crétttrice.
1
12:1-5
>KeHa, o6ne-
OI'Kp
3
1CHHaSI 13
Peni
14sanoe
Die Frau, von der
hier die Rede ist, ist
die Mutter des Erlò-
>KeHa, o6nemetiHae B convine (XpticTa), mietoutam non Horamm nye)/ (3tiamerine, 410-1341)111momy, ecero npexoneutero), a BoKpyr r0110Bbl
88
Auòpcii Apxunoo
COJIHIAC
sers und zugleich
Befleg 113 gueuaggaTn mem (CHMBOJI COBellleH-
die Mutter der Erlò-
HOr0 co6opuoro e)(14FICH112), CC'I'b o6pa3 IlepK-
sten, die Kirche. Die
BH. HO oua >KC, B HeKOCM TaHHCTBeHHOM CMbIC-
Kirche tragt ge-
ne, H Boropognqa, u6o FIpecusrrast Reua CCTb
heimnisvoll Chri-
Mam XpI1CTa, I'JlaBb1 HCpKB11; XpncToe MHCTIA-
stus, den Gottes-
gecKH (C135111keHHOTa0He) pa>KgaeTcm, KaK B 01'-
sohn und Weltherr-
JIellbH06gywe enacaemoCI, TaK 14 B coueputeuflom
scher, in ihrem
egmueme cnacaembix gyw, T. e. B 11,epKuu.
Schof3e.
~Rei-1m o }comparo AFI. I4oaHH rouopwr CJIOBamm
FIcanmonemia o CnacuTene (Ile. 2,9),
eC'1'b, B RyX0BHOM 14CTOJIKOBaH1114, naKH pa>Kgal-oInl1i1CA 143 JI0Ha LI,epKum
XpucToc.
Hepyc bitón
Men,
à Gn 3:15-16. La Femme
)KeHa, oftemennaz B conuge (XpucTa),
La scène répond
npegcTaunmeT CBSITOti impog MeCCHaHCKA
[...] représente le peuple saint des temps
3nont (Mc 54, 60, 66:7; Mi« 4:9-10), T.C.
messianiques, Is 54, 60, 66:7, Mi 4:9-10,
ILepKoub. XpucToe mucTimecKm po*Raer-
et dono l'Eglise en lutte.
csi KaK B gywe Ka)Kgoro Kpetgaemoro, 'I'aK
que Jean penne aussi
H B couepinelmom emucTue MIICHOB LI,epK-
Eve, la fille de Sion, qui a donné nais-
B14.
B
Ta1HCTBe11110M cmbic.ne ")KeHa" CCTb
Il est possible
à Marie, nouvelle
sance au Messie.
H flpecusTrasi Boropognua, Houam EBa (CM.
BbIT
3:15-16),
MaTb
XpucTa,
Filaubi
LkepKB11, ii Mam ucex , IlleHOB LkepKuu (cp.
Hil 19:26). Jlyua
—
110-BHJIHMOMy CHMBOJI
ucero ripexogsmkero, Beueu, 143 12 313e3JI
—
couepineEmoro co6opHoro emueumsi.
3a PlepycanumcKoil 6H611Heil Mellb BOCCTaHaBI111Tam y 14BaBoBa aTo cnoBo TaTIKyeust B HOCKOJILKO 3KCTaT14 1IeCKH-3FITy3HaCTHIleCKOM cMblcne ("u3Beimoe Ra").
0 , 1eButluto HO CT111114CT144 1CCKI1M ›xe uputamam OH yaanster 143 cBoero Tem.=
HBaHOBCKH11 nacca)k "B yeTax >KC MORA " 11 T.A. 14HTepeCHO, TITO B 3TOM ritteca)ke y 14BattoBa cltpa3a "inIcTocepttenuee ReTtsmoe marinatale, HeAce.au CBS13yloukee, o6emoe ga, npou3Hecemoe IleTBORLb1M FOHOCOM" C ero TemnepaTypHOH accottuaguett BOCX04(14T K "TeilmoBaTocm" (Lauigkcit) y Patta, HO 3By4111T,
KOHeH110, Heitutepumo BO3BbIllICHIlee.
— OTKp 3:14-22. BCJICA
BaeT CMbICJI AMIIHb KaK HMOIIH BO)K1151,
Bwiecna“ Heanoe — KommeHmamop
H06020
89
3uHema
—OTKp 4:1-11. flpvimenaHHe no noBogy bilvieHna npecTona nepexogHT y
emapHeTHilecxoro xatioiva, T.e. ›Kanpobbin pervicTp
TexcTa nobbnuaeTesi RO ripeTienbvion eTeneHH. Menti ripeAnoriviTaeT cnevionaTb
Hepycasinmexon 61461114H — Heposimo, Hmevivio no npvinnHe Heymeemon (xoTM H
a(Ix-DexTrion) cmeiim >Kaiipa H HeTonHoro viumpoBaHmv (gomicHo 6b1rb "no6eònpo necnb ricnouple") y 14Havioba.
— OTKp 12:1-5. HpvimenaHne Penta HpaKTHIICCKH HOJIFIOCTb10 IICHOJIb30Ballo 14Hail0rsb1m. OnHaxo cyxasi cppa3a y Palla (">KeHa [...] ecTb MaTb CnacHTenn, a palmo vi man. enacaembix, HCpKOBb") npeapaniaeTen y 14Haliona B
Femme (xpaTxo H3J10>KCHHOC) yieHHe o To>KviecTne Boropoviinibi H HepKBH H O
naKupomdenuu XpI4CTa 143 .110Ha HCpKBH, mapxvipoHainioe TaKHMH CTHJIIICTIInecKH BbICOKIIMH nomeTamvi KaK "B nexoem TaIIHCTU11110M CMbICIIC", "MI4CTHIICCK14 (cHguieinioTanHe)" (o6a BOCXORSIT K geheimnisvoll y Péina), "pawAaerrca" H "riaxll pawgaionivinesi" (n.-cnaH. pn .wed- HmeeTo pyccK. pomd-). flaxvipo>mvievivie (CO311aTelIbH0 1411 H HeCO311aTeJlbH0 B nyxe cotHonorim) Renano
Uepxobb-Boropovinivy nnocTacbio bora. flpeo6pa3oHaHne 3Toro naceawa y
MC1154 COCTOHT B TOM, TITO OH 3amemeT KaTeropunecxoe "yileiine" PlbaHoba
Ha 60JICe MBFKHC meTachopHiiecxne c1)opmynHp0i3xn ("XpvicToc MHCTIIMeCKH
po)KviaeTcm xax e dyme Kamdozo Kpeu4ae.Mozo, Tax H e coeepmennom eduncmee 1.nenoe UepicBm"). B 3TOM )xe cmbicne IIHTepecHa 3ameHa (benevi 3a llegyCaaHMeKOn 6H6JIHell) ")KeHa, 06neneHHan B COJIMIe [...] CCTb HepKoBb" y
171Hailosa Ha "npeReTaHnsieT (Ho ne npeòcmaeznem coóoú, T.e. He ecnib —
A.A.) CBSIT011 HapoA MeCCHaHCKOPI 31IOXH, T.C. Ilepxobb" y Mem.
Yxce B Bpioceenbcicom pyccxom HOBOM 3aBeTe 61.1.3o npegripinisiTo ne
eKOJIbK0 vnmeiveinvii, HanpaHneinuax Ha "IICATpaJI143a1I1110" CTIII151 14Haliona.
IlpHHo)Ky IICCKOJIhKO npvimepon 143 ,Ue1tilvir4 14 OTKpOBe111451.
14BaIl0Ba B I414TaTy 413
1964
1946
,LI,CAH 1:16
ripeuemaen
ripeammen
Resivi 3:22
BO Bcem nocnyinecrBoBaTE, cnorly
BO BCCM cnytnamcm
Hmcyca [...1, y6wroro CROLIMII CO-
y6mToro COULTICAICHHIIKBMIA
,E1,01H 3:25-26
poammamm
Oficp 1:14
OrKp 3:1-6
cnenwrenbmo-cme)KmyFo 6e11413Hy
onynigmo [B03M0A<F10, MNICTO mexa-
C.flaBLI
Hil , leCKPlil nponycK1
oKaawreaburBamm pBCH1451
112Ka3aTe.nbcTBamil pRCHNA
Lit
P E 4,14 C A043 iis E_
t5 1-,
44-1,7
//2..0
=
i
)•
"í
(2- 3)
.
"^S
,)c„.e
)
s)
*,
"A-
2 -1,
—
,
é
e
,/"'":7tt
/9 1Y 6),
.....),,,/...
..e ,.2.- e C.-2 , ,-- 1. , ,
- .12;4-4 L.,, -1, c„,...„...Q/, ti. 4„ 9 (....,
..,
, e k../.,. -_;., i',-TÀ ,.. . --
h ,,..., ....„--e
/
C-'-li.».. '4,-.... "-'
'
.....-
.!!
t.,-,i- .9.
/ ‹,..-{,-... -
K 143RaH1110
A,,A
21-c..4..i...12,-M1 1
,,,,,:—.
p . t ,....„--,,,,,,,---- - -
2. . ■ . 2 . 2 ; ,-.., et. ... 212,2,...,2./
(/
PyKornacHoe ripegmcmoBlle
.....,y
IlcanmpH
2 -- - -
91
B101eCAa« HaatiOa — Kommenmamop llocozo 3aaema
TeKCT HOBOF0 3aBeTa
npninnia norlynstp0ocni
nemenKivil nepenog HOBOF0
3aBeTa. PHMCKHil pyCCKHil HOBbIù 3aBeT 1946 F. B OTHOLIICHHH TeKcTa 6bisi
npocTo nepenenamon 143 TaK Ila3b1BaeMOti CHHORallbH011 B146J11114, emilicTbevinoro pyccKoro nepevioRa, OCD141114allbH0 ojlo6peinvoro H (nepe-)n3vianaemoro
PyCCKOIi HepKOBb10. 3TOT nepeboiv BO MII0F14X OTHOIllel 11451X ocTabnvieT >KeJlaTb ynymnenvnl, HO ripvi 3TOM y pyccKoro IIHTaTel151 HOBOFO 3aBeTa onpeRenell'io xmeeTcsi HHTI4MHOe npvivrrvie 1lMeHHO CHI 10AaJlbH0F0 TeKcTa. 3To mo>KeT CRS/71MM 06151CHe11HeM Tomy, IITO HBallOB He ripeRnpvinvin HOBOFO nepenona HoBoro 3aBeTa. Rpyrlim o&bnciieinvem marmo 6b1 6biTb ne>Kenanne IlepKOBHbIX nnacTeil, BO3M0X(110 CB 513b1BaBlIIHX C 3THM vimannem muccnonepcKive
nmanaTb TeKCT, CJIHILIKOM 3aMeTHO ominniaionigica OT "Tpaininnoinioro". B 3TOM embicsie noKa3aTenbno, tuo BpioccenbcKoe 143111111He nepnynocb K
Cvmovianbvion nepcnn TeKcTa HOBOF0 3aBeTa. KaKHM 6b1 I1H 6bino 061,51ClieI 1He, HBaHOB BOCH0J11,30BaJlal cTapbim TeKCTOM H TOJIbKO B mininmanbnom KOne3amemocTiv geJIHKaTlIbIe.
.11141IeCTBe mecT cAenan noripanKvi, B OCHOBHOM
pa3
menee
Aennicambie,
3acnywiniuoT
oficy>imeniviv.
HeKoTopme 143 HHX, KaK
KaK y>Ke
FOB0pHJIOCE. BbIHIe, F.TlaBII0e ROCTOHHCTBO H
KI1H114 Palla COCTOHJIH B TOM, TITO 3T0 6b111 I 10BbIg
Ciallopgablimil
,likesin 2:24
H3
Bor nocKpecna Ero, pacmopmy«
HBalion
paapeum« poòoame Atyleu cmelyrn
yabi cmeryrn
ReAli 27:17
6oacb, ■-11'06b1 He eeemb Ha mem,
6cmcb me, 4TO6b1 He nonacym, «
Cupm
1 fler 4:3
1/1)9( 1:8
rasi 4:9
npenaaasich nen4cTuram, noxo-
npenanazcb nenncroTam, nOXO'I'HM,
TAM, my)xesio)Kc'rny, CKOTOJIO)KC'l'-
.my.weitometney,
By, nombicnam, IlbAHCTBy
MIMblejlaA(, HbAHCTBy
ousepraloT nananbcTna H 3110CJ10-
o'rnepratur Beannec.rao rOCHORHe,
BAT BBaCTH
xynaT cnanbi 03 nignmenannin)
CK(M/0./10.)/CCMHy,
HblHe *e, n03nanum Bora, iiiiii
HblFle *e, noanannin Bora, u.nu
AyHme, noroHuas no3Hanue om
Aynue, 61-ilmau 2103Hanb1 5020.m
502a
Echec 4:30
cima 3:13
,L1,yxa BO*HA, KOTOpbIM Bbl une-
)11,yxa Bo>xma, KoI'opboa Bbl aane-
MaTJICHbl o ()cm, ncKynnennz
Mar.fleFibl
3a6binaa 3a011ea H npoc.rnpaach
3a6bmaz MO, qtrio noaaòu menz H
nnepej
nporrnpasich BnepeR
Ha òenH
PICKyHJICHHA
92
Auòpeil Apxunou
J11151
1 Tmi 1:10
O'rKp
15:3
611)91H11K0B, My>KeJ10*H11KOB,
K.aeuemmt-
1 1CJI0BeK0X111111-114K0B,
KOB,
1C06, CKOMOJIOJICHUK0(3, 11>KCNOB
CKOT0110*H11KOB), IDKCLIOB
14CTIIHN61
nyrn
TBON, II,apb cui,-
mbIX
O'rKp 22:14
11,112 6.11yRMIKOB, ruy)KenoucfmKos,
NeJlOBCKOX11111HIIKOB, (KlIeBeTH11-
Ecia>kemmi 're, koTopme co6suouato'r
i
NCTIMHb1
ny'rn
TBON,
I_Japb /lupo-
(10(1
3anoNeRvi
611a>KeHMA
Tpeq. H3
pt)
p11361
CBON
l'ém
2.750-a; rà; uiffiva; mi)" Oavectou
OofiamEvog ze/óc
MOFOILINC
Ero
Gott hat die Wehen des Todes_getiist
Eig tfiv Eiípttv
Aus Furcht, in die Syrte zu geraten
éxitéocomv
Her
COOTBCTCTBNA
"my)keno)kc'rny,
CKO-
TanoN<cmy, 110MbICJIaM"
tcuptótnta
Sè
dOctacnv
FICT COOTBeTCTB1151
TO.110>KCTBy,
Sei c:tg
Sè
PictoOrytamv
CKO-
verachten die Herrschaft und Iiistern die
Triiger der Herrlichkeit
viiv Sè yvdvte; Ocóv, taiki,ov
8è
Jetzt aber erkennt ihr Gott, ihr seid von
ywool3évtes únò Osa
Gott erkunnt.
ei;- títiépav
fiir den Tag
ilz,uèv òffío-co
"my)ke.no*cTny,
,
nombicnam'
[...1
was hinter mir liegt
toig 8è éputpoo-Ocv
I...1
was vor mir
Iiegt
Her
COOTI3eTCTI3142 "KJICBCTHNKOB, CKO'l'O-
Bctotkeùg TdiV
nkuvóvteg
Her coorrnerc.runz
"KJICBeTHI1K0B, CKOTO-
JIONCHLIKOB"
110)KHNKOB"
èOVCOViaiCOVWV
tecg
6toXec9
ain6iv
notavteg Tetg évtoketg ainCtív
u
Selig, die ihre Gew5nder lim Blute des
Lammes! waschen!
Remi 2:24. B Bproccenhcicom
H3J13111114 1964 r. KommeirrapHil 14BalloBa
("CmepTh [...] mrilinach Kaic 6h1 pogoshimll myKamll") 6bin coxpaxex, XOTH
ripi4 HCHOJIb3OB8FIHH CHHOJrIaJ1b110r0 TCKCTa H 110TCIMJI CMbICJI. 1VleHIO no-mHmomy, 11C 110Ka3aJIHCb 1101151THb1M14 "poRoubte MyKH" H OH lie CTaJI KOMMCIITHp0—
,
BaTb 3TOT CTHX.
BSUICCAUS
Heti!~ — Icanuteranamop [Immo 3tweina
93
— ReS1H 27:17. nacTlina ">Ke" yKa3biBaeT,
14BaHOB HCH0J1b30BaJI
rpe'I. TeKCT, a He npocTo nepeHec pa3Hoineime 113 PCIIIa. B H3RaIIHH 1964 P.
KommenTapHil Mummia ("CmpThi y 6eperoB CetiepHofi AtpIIKH 6bIJIH onacribi
CBOHMH mensuvm") coxpansieTcH, Ho npn HCH0111,30Bal1H14 CHHOXIIIMIOPO TCKCTa,
13 KOTOpOM HCT IIHKaKHX CHpTOB, rmaxTimecxn TepHeT CMbICJI. MeHb Ho3upamaeT CMbICJ1 Kommeinaprno CCIAJIKOH Ha "6y1cHaimilbul" CMbICJI rpen. TeKeTa:
"BOSICb, IITO6b1 He CUTI, Ha meni. - 6biTb oTireceimbim Ha CmpT;
CHpT (Bonbuiofi H ManbuI) - ;qua 3amma y neciumoro 6epera cenepHoll AchpHxH, onacubie cuculi« mensimil".
- 1 fleT 4:3. Csiona "my>xeno>xcmy, CKOT0110}KCTBy, HOMbICJIaM" npriiimne>maT HepKOBI1OCJIaBSIIICK011 Tpawnym, 13 xpirrimemix H3a1Hmix rpeil. TexcTa
HCT o6ocHoHamisi AJISI TaKoro
1:8. VIBalIOB coxpaiisieT CmioRa.rimibiri HapHaHT B TeKCTe, 1 IO B
HpHmeilaHHH coo6maeT: "FpeneCKH11
macHT: "ocxuepHsuoT 11J10Tb H
oTHepraioT BeJIHneCTBO Focnoane kuplóinTa - A.A.I" (T.e. ire ripH3HaioT
HHcyca XpncTa Focrioaom), "xyasiT dimmi" (T.e. ocxop6nsnoT Hepapxlin
renbdcHe)". Melib onycxaeT 9Ty noupo6Hocm.
- Fari 4:9, Echee 4:30, (1) 1411 3:13. Menane nonpamcH no rpen. TexcTy,1114KaK He oTpiuKemibie 13 Kommeinapim.
- 1 THM 1:10 CJI0Ba "KJICBCTIIHKOB, CKOTOJIWKIIHKOB " ripHilmne>KaT HepTeKCTa HeT o6ocKOBIIOCJIaBSIIICKOI1 TpaampH, 13 xpinTmecxnx umainisix
11oHaimsi
Taxoro
è0v(rw/cdo5vow. B pyccK. CH— OTKp 15:3. B rpeLl. HapHainuoe
110AaJ1b110M (Hdieg, BepOSIT110, 3a I(CJI.) "CB 51TLIX" 143 ayíwv, onm6oinio BMCCTO
è0v65v, "nap0a03", HO 3T0 IIHKaK He OTCtiO1)VCOV. 14Ba110B ub16HpaeT
pa)KaeTcst B ero Kommeinapnn.
— OTKp 22:14. 1/1BalIOB COXpa1151eT B TCKCTe Crinogam,iudil HapHain
"Bna)xemmi Te, xoTopme c06niopioT 3anoHeau Ero", no 13 HpHmeinnum 1114meT: "B rpenecKom Hogsminime: "6.niumeimm molompie p1431,1 CB011", T.C. OCBflII);aIOIme >KI131Ib CBOIO Bepoio n gemamn CBSITOCTII". B nepeBoge Pélna 3TOT
TCKCT 14TaCTCH 'raK: "Selig, die ihre Gewnder [im Blute des Lammes]
"noxrimumxe" - uHa HapHaina: oi rckuvóvTeg Tetg cs-rokag
waschen!" B
CeirCCOV 14 noloiívTEg Tag èvroket a6TCiiv; B naTmicKom qui lavant stolas suas, n
II oftsiciisieT HapHain Palla
B HapHanTax Ao6aaneline in sanguine Agni,
(a 3aoano H Bapplawr JTloTepa, y xoToporo "selig sind, die seine Gebote halten"). Earia JIn MO)KII0 CONIIICBaTbCSI, SITO IICX01111bINI TeKCTOM 61,1110 H nomin,Korropme cyn, npocTo THnHtIIIbIÍÌ 6146sie13cnni 060p0T
teg Tòtg èvra.ccg
14 xoTophie 6bITIH 13 IICKOTOpLIX TCKCTaX 3aMelIICHb1 "MOIOLIIIIMII pn3b1", a 110CK011bKy 3T14 110CJIC)IIIIIC 61,111H ne 13110JIIIC 1101ISITI11,1, K IIIIM 61,1J10 Ao6aRneno "B
94
AnÒpeù Apxunoe
ArHga". 14BaHosa, BepOSIT110, HpHanexana 3aragolman KpacoTa "MOIOogemcgm", 14 OH npegnonen HMeHHO 3TOT HapHairr KaK OTHOCSIIIHIPICH K
"110THIHIIHHKy", X0131, KOHetIHO, BO3M0>KHO 11 TO 60We npo3avinecicoe o6 -bncHetale, TITO OH npocTo ynen Inerme Palla 14 HaTIIHCKOPO TexcTa. MeHL B TOHI10CTH BOCI1p0H3BOHHT npvimenaHHe HBaHOBa, HO BMeCTO "gen CBSITOCTH" y Hero
"gena III06BH", onemglio, BO H36e)KaHHe "TaBTonorHH".
Kp01314
11114X
IhrraTenbmIna 3TOH CTaTbH, nepoamo, He pa3 BC110M1111J1a Honpoc MHInensi
(IDyKo: 6ygeT JIH cruicox
gasi npanenHon npoHnegeHHem HHHme, eCJIH
OH HanHcaH pyKon Hvinme? IlpinHaiocb, H caM HcnomHHan ero. HO B TOM-TO
geno: nem cneg cnynanHen, TeM OH HHTHMHee. EcMH KommewrapHil K ReHHHHM, HOCJIaIIIIHM 14 OTKpoBeHmo BCe-TaKH eCTb npollmegeHme HBaHOBa, TO
ero camoro MbI BHJIHM Tam JIHILIb cnynafillo, B HZeMHX 14 Tpeaumax TeKCTa.
BO3M0)KHO, mbi HariHmen HngeTE. B 11HX He meHbLuee H He meHee ripaBgHHoe,
Hem MbI
B 3epKanax 14 JIHH3aX ero 11033HH 14 C1)I4J10C04) 14H. HO 3TO MIE
He BCe. Ilepe3 Te )Ke HJIH TalcHe Nce LnenH mm Haximmem HugeTb nepcollanbHOCTI. camoro TexcTa, Ka3aJIOCb 6b1 HanpaHneHHoro OT 6e3bIMAHHOr0 anTopa K
6e3JIHKOMy TH4TaTenio. OT TeKCTa TpeinaHhi paCHOJI3a1OTCH B pa3HbIe cTopoK HOJIHTHKe H MHCTI1Ke, K 60FOCJI0BH10 H 6H6J1efiCK011 KpHTHKe, K cnynanIILIM 14 Hecnynantimm BcTpenam 14 nepeKnlinxam nonynornoineHHmx megnenHoil
JleTon JIHH.