iLMi DERGiSi

Kb1Prbl3 PECnY6nltlKACbl
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ApawaH ryMaHLI1TapAblK "
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Ll1 HCTV1TYTYHYH
il1/ll1Mil1~ >KYPHA/Ibl
Ara~an
Sosyal Bilimler
Enstitusu
iLMi DERGiSi
11-12
5HWKEK I Bi$KEK- 2011
HMAM CAPAXCH~AHH 8MYP TAP>KbiMAJlbl >KAHA
.
3MfEKTEPH
Yrd. Doc;. Dr. A.l\HaH MeMAyxorny•
AHHOTAII)UI
HcnaM :iimi:innm 6aiiiKhi 6ynan.r 6onroH KypaHH KapHM :>KaHa CyHROTTyH HerH3IIH.IIe
KYJ"MaH caxa6anap,11aH 6H3re .z~eiipe mneHHM,llyy TapH3,!1e :>Kenm KenreH HJil{MI{ii:
MYJlaCTaphl6hl3,llhlH Ka,llhlph!Ha :>KeTHll, CaKTOO, 6apKTOO 3CT'{'{ M)'CyJIMaH 60JJYYHYH
3aphlJI,l(Iillbi. MI.ma omoH,I~yKTaH, a3hlpKhl M)'CYJIMaH,llap,ZJ;Lm MYPYHKY aaJlhiM,llaphl6hl3.IIaH
Kanran HJlliM:IIii, Ma,llaHHH MYPaCTaphl6LI3.11aH Ka6ap.z~ap 6onyycy, aHhl yiipouyycy lKaHa
aH,llaH rraii,llanmyycy a63en. AHTKeHH, MhlH,llaii :lllll-apaKerrep :>KllHI>l 6HiiHKTep,!IH
6an.nrryyHYH 6a= o6onrocy. MI.ma ymyn Ol{y'ITOH anraH,I~a fiMaM Capaxclrii HcnaM
ljllill<l>IXhl :>KaaThlH,lla :>Ka3rani:>Ka3,!1;Lipran 6apaaH,I~yy 3MreKTepH MeHeH HJI:A:MHi{ KOOM'I)'nyKKa
:>Koropey .z~apalK~a 03 TaacupHH 6epreH. MaceneH, aHhlH «an-Ma6cyn> arryy 3Mrern Xanaljluii Ma3xa6LI Tapa6h!HaH Ka6biH,llaHraH .IIOKTPHHaHhm Hern3,lleDHlliH MeHeH
TaCThiiiTllJThiiia, OmOHy MeHeH 611:pre 6amKa K03 KapamTap TYYPanyy ,!Ia aHanH3
:>KYPJY3rOH KODOM.ziYY :>KaHa 6apam,~~yy 3MreK. OmeHTce .z~a, aHanH3 :>KYPJY3yyro Ta6WinmaH
:>KOH,!IOM.ziYY 6onroH fiMaM Capaxcuii 6amKa K03 KapamTap.IIhl anraH,Z~a anap,llhlH .IIanHH.I~epH
MeHeH apryMeHTTepHH 6epreH 3Mec, 6HpoK 03 Ma3xa6hlHbiH .IIanHD,llepHH, apryMeHTTepHH
6epreH. EaapLI6bl3ra MaaJibiM 6onroH,I~oii Kbrprhl3CTaH.IIa, omoHoii 3ne OpTo .A3WI.IIa
XanaljlHii Ma3xa6hl KellHpH :>KaH:LmraH. An 3MH 6yn Ma3XartThiH KOP'fHYKTYY ljl~IKhrx
aanh!M,llapLI zyypanyy aTKaphlnraH HnHMHii 3MreKTep, H3HD.I~Oonop 6onco 3.ll6aii a3." Eyn
MaKana,~~a lKenmrryy .z~apalKa,~~a IDIHMirii H3HD,lloonep MeHeH 3MreKTep aTKaphln6araH HMaM
Capaxc"~Iii,z(HH OMYP Tap:>KhlMartbi :>Kana aHhlH 3MreKTepu zyypanyy co3 6onoT.
TyiiyHJWY Ce3,li;Op: HcnaM (,liHHII), ljlhiKhiX, Xanaljluii Ma3xa6w, HMaM CapaxcHif,
«an-Ma6cyn>.
ABSTRACT
The necessity to keep the main sources of our faith to Koran and Sunny is a scientific
legacy, which reached till this times of Prohpet is the quality of conscious Muslims. For it,
modem Muslims, for reaching the scientifically and cultural heritage, which were told us by
Muslim scientist from the past. That's why imam Serahsi's labour, which were written in
field islamic right main influences are forbidden impossible don't to notice. For example his
labour Al-Mebsut is learning which was taken by course of Hanefi as it known the course of
Hanefi is very widespread course in Middle Asia and in particular in Kyrgy2;5tan. The
scientific labours of right this course submits fu this area not enough. So there are the speech
about life and creative work one of the great scholar of right Seraksy.
Key Words: Islamic Law, Ftqh, Hanafi Doctrine, imam Serahsi, el-Mebsut
Ow MY ApamaH ryr.tamrrap/{DtKtrncnrryrynyn Teonorrut .prucymmrrmnm OKJ'TYY'IYCY, limnxeKKI.tprLt3CTaH. (0~ Devlet Oniversitesi Ara~an Sosyal Bilimler Enstitiisii hahiyat Fakilltesi Misafir O~etim
Oyesi, Bi~kek-Klrgtzistan), [email protected])
/
AHHOTAJUUI
Heo6XO,WWOCTh npHJ(ep>KHBaTLCJI OCROBHLIX JfCTO'lRHKOB RaiiieH BepLI, KopaHa If
CymiLI; .s!BllJIIOIJlHXCJI Ra}"'RLLM Hacne,AifeM, .nomeWIJHM .no HlliiiHX ,Aifeii co apeMeR
CUO,nBIDKHRKOB flpopoKa, eCTh Ka'leCTBO C03HaTenLHOro M}'CYnLMaH!fHa. ).:Vui :'ITOrO,
coBpeMeHHLie M}'CynLMaRe, 'IT06LI .z:(OCT!f'IL HOBLIX HayqHLIX ropH30HTOB, .z:(OJDKHLI
IIOnL30BaTLCJI HayqRO-KYnLTYPHLIM Racne,AifeM, nepe,naRHLIM HaM yneMaMB npomnoro. B
::~Toii cBJI3H, TpY.nLI JiMaMa Cepaxcu, HaUHcaiiE!Lie B o6naCTH McnaMcKoro IIpaaa, OKa3anH
BIDKHOe B.IIIlllHJ!e, KOTOpoe HenL3JI HrHOpHpOBaTL. HanpHMep, ero TpYA anL-My6ci!T,
.smllileTCJI AOKTPHHOH lipHHJITOH Te'!eHHeM Xasa<j>HJI. KaK H3BeCTHo, Te'!eime XaHeQ!Hll,
o'leHL pacrrpocTpaHeHHoe Te'leHHe Ha TeppwropHH Cpe,Aifeii A3HH, H B '!aCTHoCTH Ha
TeppwropHH l<LiprLI3CTaRa. HayqHLie Tpy.nLI yneMoB rrpaua ,naHHor9 Te'leHHJI, rrpe.nCTaaneHLI
Ha .z:(aHHOH TeppiiTOpHH B O'leHL Orpa!m'leHHOM KO.IIH'IeCTBe. TaK BOT, B .z:(aHHOH CTaTLe, pe'I:L
noii.neT, o ll<lf3BH H TBOp'leCTBe o,Aiforo H3 ue.nymmc yqeHLIX rrpaaa, KOHM JIBnJieTCJI CepaxcH.
,. KmoqeuLie cnoua: McnaM, rrpaao, Te'!eHHJI XaHaQ!H, HMaM Cepaxc, anL-Me6cYT.
OZET
Dinimizin asli kaynaklan olan Kur'an ve Siinnet ekseninde; sahabeden giinfimiize
kadar saglam bir ~ekilde bizlere intikal etmi~ olan ilmi mirasllniza sahip ytk:mak ~uurlu bir
Miisliiman olmanm geregidir. Bu amay dogrultusunda giinfimiiz Miisliimanlanrun, geymi~te
ya~ami~ alim.lerirnizden bizlere intikal etmi~ olan ilmi ve kiiltiirel mirasUIDZI bilen ve ondan
yararlanarak yeni ilmi ufuklar ayabilen insanlar olmas1 kaym!lmazd!r. Bu ay1dan balaldtgmda
imam Serahsi, islam fiklu sahasmda yazdtguyazd!rdtgt eserlerle ilirn camiasmda goz ard1
edilemeyecek derecede onemli tesirlerde bulunmu~tur. Omegin Onun el-Mebslit adlt eseri,
Hanefi mezhebinin kabul edilmi~ olan doktrininin tesisi ve diger gorii~ler hakkmda tahlil
yapan hacimli bir eserdir. Ancak tahlili bir ruha sahip olan Serahsi, ba~kalanrun gorii~lerini
altrken, onlarm delillerini zikretmemi~, sadece Hanefi mezhebinin delillerini belirtmi~tir.
Bilindigi gibi ba~ta KrrgtZistan olmak iizere Orta Asya'da Hanefi mezhebi oldukya yaygm bir
mezheptir. Bu mezhebin ileri gelen fi.lah alim.leri hakkmda yap!lan bilimsel yah~malar ise
oldukya slnlfh saytdad!r. i~bu makalede, islam hukuk tarihinde onemli bir isim olan
Serahsi'nin hayan ve eserleri konu edilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: islam, Fikth, Hanefi Mezhebi, imam Serahsi, el-Mebsut
KHP:UIIIYY
McnaM ,llHBliHifH 6aiDKLI 6ynarr,r 6onroH KypaHH KapHM JKaHa Cymi8TTyH Hern3HH,Ile
KY™aH caxa6anap.nas 6H3re .neiipe HmeiDIMJIYY TapH3,ne JKeTHH KenreH HnHMHii
MypaCTapLI6LI3.z:(LIH Ka.nLipLIHa lKeTHU, CaKTOO, 6apKTOO '3CTY'f M}'CYnMaR 60JJYYHYH
3apLIJI,Z(LIThl. MLma OIDOH,nyKTaR, a3L!pKLI M}'CYnMaH,nap.z:(LIH MypYHKY aanLfM.z:(apL16LI3.z:(aH
KanraH HnHMHii, Ma.z:(aHHH MypaCTapLI6LI3.z:laH Ka6ap.nap 6onyycy, aHLJ yiip8HYYCY JKaHa
aH,naH naH.nanauyycy a63en. AlmceBH, MLIH.z:laH Hm-apaKerrep lKaHLI 6HiiHKTep.AH
6arLIH1)'YHYH 6aiiiKLI 868nr8cy.
A6aKKa TYffiYU, KaMaKKa anLIHraHra .neiipe ap KaHCLI imHM 6op6opnopYH.na Tepen:
anyyra 6onroH amLIKTLirLI MeHeH TbiH6aii 3MreKTeHYYCY apKLinyy 83 JKaruoocyH
MaaLI3.z:IYY JKaHa 8pH8KTYY .napaJKara JKeTKHpe anTaH MMaM CapaxcHii 83YHYH HJIIIMlqiHH
Tepen:, K83 KapamLI KeHeH, MLIKTLI lK8H.z:(8M.z:IYYnyKK8 '3'3 6onrOH. AlmceHH; .. aHblH
JKa3raiiJJKa3.nLIPraH 6apaaR.z:1YY 3MreKTepH MeHeH HnlfMHii KOOM'!YnyKKa JKoropKY .napaJKa,na
83 TaaCHpHH 6epe anras. <llLIKLIX (McnaM YKYrY) JKaHa ycyn (McnaM ~
MeTo.nonorHllcLr) JKaaTLIH,IlarLI lK8H.z:l8M.z:IYYnyry MeHeH 3'33H.z:IYYnyry aanLfM.z:(ap Tapa6LJHaH
JKoropy 6aanaHraH MMaM CapaxcHii 83 yqypYH.z:la '100: TaaCHp 6epreHH CL!HapLI I<HiniH:Kn:
HnlfM
158
,Aoopnop,Ao ,Aa aHidH Ke3 KapamTap:or lKoropy 6aanaHldll, nmmpnepH 6ynaK KaTap:b!
3cemenrea ynyy aan:oiM 6onroH.
llMaM CapaxcHii'.D;HH «an-Ma6CYT» arryy 3Mrem - XaaacpHII Ma3xa6:bl Tapa6:omaH
Ka6:bJll,AaHraH .AOKTpHHaHidH aem3,AeJIHJJIH Meaea TaCTiill<TIIJibJJJIH,Aa, omoey MeHeH 6Hpre
fianiKa Ke3 KapamTap TYYPanyy ,Aa aHanH3 JKYPry3reH KelleM.Al'Y ,Aa, fiapaaH,Ayy ,Aa 3MI'eK.
OmeHTce .Aa, aHanH3 JKYPry3yyre Ta6lUIThlllaH lKeH,AeM,llYY 6onroa MMaM CapaxcH.H 6amKa
Ke3 KapamTap.A:bJ anraH,Aa anap.AD~H ,Aa.JIHJI,llepH Meaea apryMeHTTepHH 6eprea 3Mec, 6HpOK
e3 Ma3xa6:b!H:bm ,Aa.JIHJI,llepHH, apryMeHTTepHH 6eprea.
Eaap:b16:ol3ra Maan:b!M 6onroH.Aoii KDI:pn.I3CTaH.Aa, omoaoi% 3ne OpTo A.3HJI,lla
XaHacpJ.Iii Ma3xa6bJ Ke!UI'pH lKaii:blnraa. 'An 3MH 6yn Ma3XaiiT:bJH KepYJIYKTYY cpiJJ(:biX
aanDIM.Aap:b! TYYPanyy aTKap:O!nraH HJIHMHH 3MreKTep, H3HJI,lleenep fionco aJI6aii a3.
Yqypy6Y3.Aa YKYK Tap:oiX:bl lKe 6on6oco YKYK TeopHl!cDI, aiip:b!K'la Xaf!acpHII Ma3xa6:bl
Meaea 6aiinaHD~IDKaH ~ H3HJI,llee MacenecH TYYPanyy ce3 6onroH,Ao aK:blnra ,Aapoo
Kene zypraH DICD~M.Aap.AD~H 6aiD:blR,Aa MMIIM Capaxcllli KeneT. Hcn!IM YJ<YI)'HYH (cp:biK:biXThlH)
TapDJX:h!H,Aa Maammyy DICDIM 6onroaJzyryHa Kapa6acTaH, THneKI<e KapiD:b! ymyn yqypra
,Aeiipe KI,rpr:or3CTaH,Aa MMaM CapaxcHii TYYPanyy lKeTHIIITYY ,Aap3lKa,Aa ~ 3Mrei<Tep
lKa3:blll6aii .Aa, lKapan6aii .Aa Kenyy,Ae. M:oma omOH.AYJ<TaH HMaM CapaxcHii,llHII eMYP
TaplK:b!Man:bl lKaHa 3MreJ<TepH lKeHYHJ!;e KOll,AOH Ke.JJHJIIHH'Ie CHCTeManyy TYP.Ae lKa3:blllraH
6yn MaKana Kapana:il::E.IM KanK '{'IYH, e3reqe HHHM a,AaM,Aap:b! yqya naii,Aanyy 6onoT ,Aerea
yMyiTe6y:J. Omoey MeHeH 6Hpre 6yra ,Aeiipe MeHHH lKeTeK'lliJIHI'HM,llH eycKoocyH,Aa
A3aMaT Ty:p,AyKees,AHH <illMaM CapaxcHii lKaHa aHidH TanaK (alK:blpamyy) Macenecu:
TYYPanyy IJHI<HpnepiD> arryy ,I{KMJIOM,AyK H111H lKa3:blllraH. M:bJHa ymyn 3MreKTep apKiilli)'Y
llMaM CapaxcHB: lKeHYHJI;e lKapana zypraH 3MreKTepre 'lOB: lKap,AaM 6epeT ,Aerea HHerre6u:3.
l. liMAM CAPAXC~ eMYP TAPiKI>IMAJihl
lliaMcyn-aHMMa A6y Eaxp MyxaMMa,A 6HH AxMa.A 6HH A6Hc-CapaxcHii XopocaH
'lenKeMYHJ(ery MaJJJXa.A MeHeH MapB.A:b!H apac:oJH,Aa, a3bipJ(J,I TypKMeHHCTaH MeHeH
HpaH.AD~H 'lerHH 6enyrr zypraH TelKeH,A 1 ,Aap:oU!C:bJHDIH lK33rHH,Ae lKar:oJH,Aa lKaHral.lll<aH
Capaxc maap:oJH,Aa TepenreH. Eyn maap,ADm KYPYnymyH apa6, HpaH reorpacprnpDI KeiiKasyc,
ABpacaa6 lKe 3yn-KanHiiHere memenyy 3KeH.AHm:H aiiTDIIDaT. Eyn lKep,AHH Tonypar:or
lKaKIIIDI, 6u:poK KYPraK 6onroH.AYJ<TaH an lKep lKaHDlJ' KaTap:b! raaa Kon,AoeynaT. )l(amaii
zypraH lKepnep 6onco a3. Hem3HHeH lKepmmncryy KanK Ke6YJf'Ie Tee 6aryy-qoa:oiiw lKasa
anap.ADI caw MeHeH aneJ<TeHHIDKeH. K33 6HpnepH 6onco naxTa, lKH6eK lKaHa 6amKa ymyn
C:OUIJ<TYY Ke3,AeMenep,AH TOKYY MeHeH aneKTeHHIDKeH. Illaap,Aar:or HMaparrap 'iHfucH
J(J,IDJTap,AaH KYPYHraH. KepYJIYKTYY aTaftbm KOOM.AYK HMaparrap 6onroH 3Mec.
l>HpoK BmmeH ,Ae CaHHT MapTIIH e3YHYJI <ueorpacpHll JIYTanm arryy 3MremH,Ae
Capaxc maap:orm,m y6ar:oJH,Aa 'iO&, ryn.Aen, ecyn-eHYJ<KeH, HcnaM miHMrm lKasa
Ma,AaHiil!ThiH eHYKTYPreH maap 3KeH,AHmH aiinm eTKeH. A.3:orp 6onco aHDIH Kan,Abncrap:or
raaa Kanraa?
MMIIM CapaxcHH.AHH anr MyxaMMa,A, an 3Mll naKa6:bl 6onco <illMaM.Aap.AD~H aypy,
lKap:oiTDI (KYHY)» ,Aerea MaaHH,Aern <<lliaMcyn-aHMMa>> ,Aen aTanraH. Hem3HHeH 6yn naKan,
aHidH M)'l'llliHIImepHHHH 3& 6am:oJH,Aa zypraa HJ!liMH, lKamoocy lKaHa oeyyqynap.AD~ OKYTYU
lKeTHmTHpyycy MeHeH a,AaM3ap<a J(J,I3MaT J(J,InraH, Eyxapa,Aar:or TaaHDIMan A6,zzyn-A.3H3 6HH
XansaHH:iire TaaH,ADIK 6onroa. HMaM CapaxcHB: ,Aa oeyn-yiipeayn, HJIHM,!lH lKaKmbi
e3,AemTYPyn, HJJHM lKaanJH,Aa KenTerea Hiimmncrepre lKeTHmKeH,AHKTeH, ara 6yn naKannr
1 116parnti!OB A.Jrn. «Capaxcuii» II <<AK Eaman> lK)'pHan&t. - ])HIIJI(eK, 2008.- N• 4, 9-6e-r.
http://www.yen.iumit.com.tr. - 1996~ Temmuz-A~stos-Eyliil.
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159
3
A6.eyn-.A3H3 lilli:rapraa. 1<.33 6Hp Maam.IMarrapra KaparaH,l:la ara 6yn JiaK~ omon JKep)le
JKamaraa KaJIK hliiraprm.4 An Capaxc maapE.IH)la TepenreHJIYKTeH «CapaxcLIJJLIIO> )lerea
5
MaaHH)le «Capaxcmi:» )len aTa.JThiii KaJiraH.
KapaxaHH)lJlep JlOOpYHJla a)laM)lap e3 LIKTLlHpnapL! MeHeH Ton Ton 6onyn HcnaM
Axlm cyHHa san JKaMaaTTLJH qerHHeH qLJKHaif aHLJH H'!HHeH
Xaaa<!>Irli Ma3xa6LJH KapMam.IDIKaH. HcnaM .z:tmm 6yn JKepnep)le JKamaraH 3Jl.JlHH
JKamoocyaa, ypn-a)laT JKaHa Kaa)la-caJITTapLJHa LIJiaiiLI:K KeJJHn, KL!CKa y6aKLJT H'DIH)le 6yn
qeJIKeM)leH rn<!>cHp, xa)lHc, <!>LIKLIX JKaHa Tacaasy<!> HJIHM)lepHH)le KemereR aaJILIM)lap
JKenmiHII qLJKKaH. HMaM Capaxclrli: )la 6yn JlOOp.!lo JKamaraa aaJILIM)lap)lLIH KaTapLIH)la
6
opya anraa.
JlHHHH Ka6LIJI anLJmKaH. Anap
AHLIH 6anaJihiK qarLJ JKaHa yii:-6ynecy zyypanyy 3q KaH)lail: MaruwMaT JKOK. EHpoK
6Hp Maam.IMaTKa KaparaH)la an OH JKamLIH)la coo)la KJ,IDyy MaKCaTE.IH)la Ear)laTKa aTacLJ
7
MeHeH qoryy 6apraa. An JKamaraa JlOOpJlO KapaxaHH)l MaMJieKeTHH)le eKMeT MeHeH
aaJILI1dilap)lLm, cymrrrep MeHeH MYTaJHnaHLJH opTOCYHJla ap KaH)lail: Macenenep)le TaJiamrnpn.mrrap Ken 6onroH.
An ap KaH)laH MYCYJIMaH 3Mec MaMJieKerrep Tapa6LJHaH ap TapaDKa qaqLJparaa
HcnaM aanaMLIH)larLJ a)lHJieTCH3JlHK 6amKapyyaya aJI)lLIHJla JKamao eTKeH. EamKaqa
aiiTI<aH)la, TLJmTaH 6aci<Lili'ILIJibll ~area Me3rHJI)le, 6amKa 6ap JKaKTapJlaH OpTO .A3HJI)la
3Jie 6ap aeqe xaH,IthiKTap nail:)la 6onroa yqypnap)la, TYPilYY ~pra KeKYPeK
Tocyo, HJIHMirli: HmTepHH )larLJ )la ynaHTKaH. )J(oropy)la ail:TLJn eTKeH)leii: 3Jie cb!prraH
Kenrea KOJI canyynap raaa 3Mec, MaMJieKeTTHH H'IHH)le )la e3 apa KeJIHmDecTHKTep 6onyn
rypraH. 8KMeT rnpa6LJHaH 3B: JlHH)lap )leo 3cemenrea aaJILIM)lap)lLm K33 6HpnepH )lapra
acLIJiraH. MLIH.!laii: Kepyaym na)lblma MeHeH aaJibiM)lap)lLIH opTOCYHJlarL! .eymMa.ll)lLIKTLI
oro 6eTep KYPqyTKaH. KJ,JcKa y6aKLITI'Lm !fqHH)le Te3-Te3)leH CaJILIK MacenecH JKaHLIJlaH
Ke6eiiTYJJYO, 3JI)lep CaJibiK Tenee)le ap KaH)lail: KLJii:I,JH1IldJIL!KTapra .eyymap 6oJJyo!KaH.
33HJireH TaoTLIH TanaMLJH TanamKaH)lLIThl yqya raaa 3Mec, MLIH)lan 30p.llYKTYlf aern3H 3Jie
)lHHre Kapi!Thl ama qaOKaHJll>IK 3KeHHH 3CKe aJiraH MMaM Capaxclrli:, 6yn TYPilYY CaJibiKTLIH
6epHJI6en TYPraHJlLIThiH ail:n.m, ara Lm~ 6KYM 6eprea. Eyn aepce, liMaM Capaxclrli:)lH
!}epa an6araa 6y3YKY a)laM)lap Tapa6LmaH Da)lLimara zyypa 3Mec anblpn.IJibll1 JKeTKHpBJireH.
YmYHJlaH ynaM aHLI Meaea Da)lblmaHLIH opTocya)la .eymMaHJll>IK nail:)la 6onoT. KirliHa
XaKaH AMHp Xacaa rnpa6LIHaa <GJIJlH KeTepyJJYD!Ke YHJl6JlY>> )lerea JKanaa Meaea
466/ 1073-lKLIJILI KaMaKKa KaMaJiraH. An 15 l!i:wira 3pKHHeH alKL!pan=, JKa3a
MeeHeTYflYH Jl33pJJHK KenqyJJYIYH 3E.IH)laH)la, an 3MB aKL!pKLI :lKLIJ!JlapLIH 83rea qefiHHHH
6Hp 6enMecya)le eTKeprea.
HMaM Capaxclrli: «lliapxyc-CID!pHJI-Ka6Hp» arryy 3MrerHHHH aKLipLIHJla XaKaa AMHp
Xacaa Meaea e3yaya opTOCYHJlarLI .I{}'WMaHJll>IKTbl nail:)la KLJJiraH 6Y3YKY a)laM)lap
zyypaJJYY: «EapJll>IK )leenepec, JKaMaHJll>IKTLIH apKaCL!HaH qypKaraa, 6Y3YKY a)laM)lapJll>m
ce6e6HHeH ynaM MeKeHHHeH ail:pbiJ!Lm, cynTaH Tap6Lmaa KaMaKKa a.Jibmraa Ke)len, KyHeecy
JKOK eyn... Anna Taana 6yn 6Y3YKY a)laM)lap)lLI ynry KaTapL! a3aOKa cancLm!..»-)len JKa3raH.
An «an-Ma6cyr» arryy 3MrerHH)le )la KaMaKKa am.Jll1'3.HJll>~ zyypanyy JKa3Lm JKaTKaH)la,
«EY3YKYJJYKTaH aJILIC JKaHa oii,noa qLJfapLiliraH 6Y3YKY HmTep)lH JKOK KJ,myyra apaKeT
KLJJiraH, ap JlaHLIM aKLiii:Kami cyii:nereHJlYKTeH KaMaKKa aJibDITaH» - )lerea ce3)lep MeHeH
63yayH aK 3KeH)lHTI!H aHThill 6TK8H.
3
6
7
160
$emsO'l-eimme EbO Bekr Mubammed b. EbO Sehl es-Serahsi, Mebsut, istanbul, GOmii~ev Yaymctllk, 2008,
c. I, s. XXVI.
Hamidullab, M. "Serahsi" maddesi, Islam Ansiklopedisi, Eski~ehir, 2001, c. X, s. 503.
H6parmtoB Alrn. omon 3ne JKep,lle.
Serabsi, a.g.e., c. I, s. XVII.
Hamidullab, a.g. md., c. X, s. 503.
An KIITeiiKaHa.n;aH JKaHa ap KaH.Zl:ail: .ll:HHHii ·6ynaKTap.n:aH am.Ic KaJiraH. EHpoK, am.m
3CKe T'JTYYCY a.n;aM,llap.Zl:hl Tal{ KaJITh!paapm.IK 6oJIJ'oH.- An Kf'IYHYH JKeTJiiiiiJiiHIIe apaKeT
K1iiJThlll, MYPYHKY aJiraH HJIJiiMJil MeHeH 3CHH.n:e KaJiraH.Zl:apDI apKbiJIYY KemereH 3MreKTepHH
KaMaKTa JKa3)1;hlpraH . . MJiicaJibl, JKa3hiJIYY 6ynaKTapra Kapa6acTaH 3CJi!H.Zl:e KaJiraH.Zl:apDI
apKbiJIYY «an-Ma6cyn>, «Ycynyn-qn>IKhlX», «lliapxyc-cruqlJiiJI-Ka6Hp», «3IDI.ll:aTY3-3IDI.Zl:aT>>,
«lllapxy JKaMHyc-carHp» JKaHa «lliapxy JKaMHyJI-Ka6Hp» aTzyy 3MreKTepHH maKHprrepHHe
JKa3)1;hlpraH. An KYH.ll:Y3 Op030 KapMaii, TYJIKYCYH Ha<iJHJI HaMa3,l.lap.Zl:hi OKYfi TYPraH. blcb!KCY'JK .n:e6ecTeH KemereH KhlHbiH'IhlJib!KTapra MOIOH cyayrr, 63YHYH HJIHMJilil: Hm8
apaKerrepHH ynaHTKaH.
KYH.n:6P.ll:YH 6HpJi!H.ll:e HMaM Capaxcllli maKHprrep:mnm 6npeecy JKOK 3KeHJiiH
6ail:Karr, JKaiThiH,l.larbiJiap.n:aH cypail:T. Anap.Zl:hiH 6Hpeecy aHhlH .n:aapaT anyyra KeTKeH)lKfJi!H
ail:TaT. EHpoK, e3y 6onco, KYH.ll:YH cyyryaaH ynaM .n:aapaT an6araH.Zl:hiThi TYYPaJIYY fiHJI.Zl:llpeT.
HMaM Capaxcllli maKHprrepHHe MhlH.Zl:aH .n:en 3CKepTeT: <<Amla Taana d:HJi!H KYJI66l{.Zl:y
Ke<mpcHH! CyyKraH ynaM .n:aaparraH 6am Tapw.n:aH yJIJI6ail:cbll{6hl? A.3bip MeHHH .Zl:arhl 3Jie
3CHM,lle. Eyxapa.n:a OKYfi JKYPreH.n:e 6Hp KYHY H<rn:Me CY'JK 6TYfi, KaTYY oopy.n:yM. KYJIYHe
OTYJ-KhipK JKOny aJKaTKaHara 6apyyra TYYPa KeJI.ll:H. Ap JKOJII<y 6apram.IM,lla .n:apbiJITa 6apbiii,
.n:aapaT anap 3JieM. YIJIYH'Im CY'JK 6onroH.Z1:YKfaH 6eJIMere KenreHHM,lle JKaJhm JKaTKaH
Chili TOeyii KaJI'I)'. AHbi K6KYP6ryM6 aJibill lKhiJihiThlll, 3pHreH.n:eH KirlillH KaMpa JKa3YYHY
ymurrqy 3JieM».9
HMaM .Capaxcnil: 6Hp raHa YKYK'lY 3Mec, KaJiaM HJIHMHH JKaKillhl 63,l.leffiTYPyrr, ap
KaH.n:ail: .ll:HHHii JKaarrarDI Tanam-TapThlillTapra, .n:nceyccJi!JIJiapra KaThiiiibiii, 63YJIYH CaJibiMbiH
Komo ana i-ypraH HJIHMre, oil:-JKYrypryyre JKaHa JKoropey TaKh!6aaJibiKKa 33 6onroH ynyy
aam.IM. 10 Ce6e6H, a.n:aM KaH'Im JiiJIHM anca .n:a, an HJIHMJiiH TYYPa nail:.n:anaHMail:bm, Anna
Taanara 6am Hil:Hn, Ara JKaKbiH 6oJIMOIOH aam.IM KaTaphl 3cemen6eil:T. MhlH.ll:ail: 6on6oco,
aJI 6Hp HepceHJiiH H'IHH.Zl:erH MaW>I3hl JKOK KafihiThi CblliiiTYJ fiOJIOT.
HMaM Capaxcnil: oH 6em JKbill KaMaKTa JKaTKaH.n:aH KirlillH 480/1087-JKbillbi
3pKJiiH.ll:HKKe 'l:hii<I<aH. AHaH Maprenawa (MaprHHaara) 6apbiii, <lJb!K.biX'Ihl HMaM Cail:ljJy.Zl:.Zl:HH
A6y M6paxHM McxaK 6HH McMaHJI.ll:HH Cbiil:b!H Kepyrr, HJIHM!lli mrr-apaKerrepHH ynaHnm,
am.m capail:bm.n:a aJirbiHa 'IhiKIIail: KanraH 3MreKTepHH an JKer.n:e aJirbiHa 'l:hrrapraH. ' An
.
483/1090-JKbiJThi MaprenaH.n:a 81 JKaii!hiH.Zl:a .n:yil:He.n:eH Kail:TKaH. 1
2. IIMAM
3MrEKTEPH
CAPAXClilii,f(JIH
II.JIJiiJ.\1IIl
HIII-APAKETTEPH
JKAHA
lllaMcyn-aHMMa ac-Capaxcnil: Eyxapa.n:a KemereH JKb!JI,l.lap 6o10 A6.n:yn-A.3H3 anXaJIBaHHH.n:nH ca6aKTapbma KanimKaH. Eyxapa.n:a OKJraH.Zl:hiThi TYYPaJIYY maKHprrepHHeH
6HpH, am,m A6.n:yn-A3H3 an-XaJIBaHHii.n:nH 3B; KepYJiYKTYY OKYY'!YCY 6onroH.n:YryH_JKaHa
omoey MeHeH 3Jie qeJITeJIHII Kan6acTaH KaJIK apachlH.Zl:a Taam.IJThll, ara yCTaThiHbiH
«lliaMcyn-aHMMa» JiaKa6hl M)'pac KaTapbi hllirapbinraH.Zl:hiThi TYYPaJIYY ail:= KeTKeH.
HMaM Capaxcllli ycnn1 an-XaJIBaH!lli MeHeH raHa qeJITeJIHII Kan6acTaH 6aim<a
aam.IM,llap.n:aa, MaceneH lllail:xyn-McnaM A6yn-Xyceil:HH Aim 6HH an-Xyceil:HH 6HH
MyxaMMa.n;Hc-Cyy.n:n an-XaHa<iJHil:.n;eH JKaHa A6yn-Xa4Jc YMap 6HH MaHcypyn-J?a3a3,l.laH .n:a
12
HJIHM anraH JKaaa anraa HJIHMHH KenTereH a.n:aM.n:apra yil:peTKeH.
8
9
10
11
12
Karaman, Hayreddin, Islam Hukuk Tarihi, istanbul, Nesil yaymlan, 1989, s. 263.
http://www.yeniumit.com.tr. 1996, Temmuz-Agustos-Ey1iiL
MyxH.IUn~H A6H Myxa•!Ma)l A6,llHJI-Ka.n:Hp 6HH Myxa.wa.n: 6HH Myxa.wa.n: 6HH HacpyJUiax 6HH C3JIIIM 6HH
A6llli-Batj>a an-Kypanmli an-Xmmtj>IDi. All-)}(asaxupyn-Myouiiiia rjJu ma6Cfl(aamun-Xanarjluiizia. - 3p-PHJ!.ll:
,ll;apyn-YnyM. -T. 3, 80-6eT.
Bilmen, Orner Nasuhi, Hukukz lsliimiyye ve /stzlahatz Fzkhiyye Kamusu, istanbul, tarihsiz, c. I, s. 456.
Serahsi, a. g. e., c. I, s. XXV.
161
AJJ 'ibiDlpManapDIHLm K6ll6MY JKarLIHaH 3& ynyy !IJhiKLIX aaJILIM}d 6!Jnyn 3CeiiTeneT.
A6y Xa.HH!~Ja MeHeH llMaM MyxaMMa,zmaH JCH:fum 3ne an-Xacca!IJ, aT-Taxarr!lB, an-Ka!IJ!lB
JKaHa an-XaJJBaHHilnep MeHeH 6Hpre Y'JYH'IY op}'H.ZJ;a TypaT .n;err aiiTyyra 6onoT. An
KaH.D;aif.AI,Ip 6Hp !IJhllCXllii: Macene.n;e K63-Kapaiiiiilll a:Hn.m, 6KYM 6epe Typra.H HnHMre 33
· 6onroH. XaHa!IJHii Ma3Xa6LI 6oroffila JKeTH Ta6aKara (.n;apaJKara) 66nyHr6H ilJhiKLIX'IldJlap)l;LIH
(!IJYKaxanap.zu,m) Y'JYH'IY Ta6aKacLIH MYJKTaxH)l;)l;ep (HcrraM ~a 6KYM 'ILirapyyqy JKaHa
ap KaH.D;aH .IIHHHii Macenenep.n;e 63 OIOH Ke&HpH aiiTa anra.H a.n;aM) TY36T. Eynap MaJxarrra
6on6oroH 6Hp Kaffila Macene.n;e Kypa.H JKa.Ha CYJIH6TK6 LlllaiiLIK 6KYM 'ibiDlpa ana TYfraH
1
aaJJLIM)l;ap. )Koropy.n;a aHn.m 6TK6H.D;6B 3ne llMaM CapaxcHii 6yra TaTLIKTYY aaJJLIM. AJr.
14
omoey MeHeH 3ne 6Hpre MYTaKaJ1lJHM (KanaM'Th!) JKa.Ha oH<Iyn KaTapLI 3cenTeneT.
OcMoH HMnepW!CbmLIH cylJTaH)l;apLIHLIH 6HpH KeMan II\l)IIa3aa.n;e aHLIH «MaJxarrra
M)'lKTliXHJI» Ta6aKac&maH 3KeH,ZtHmH 6aca 6enrHllen 6TK6H.15 Myey 3q KaH.D;aH 6ynaKTap.n;aH
KOll)l;OH6ocTOH JKa3raH 3MreKTepHHeH 6mryyr6 6onoT. AHLIH «an-Ma6cyr» aTryy 3Mrern
ryypanyy KHiiHHqep33K KeHeH MaaJJLIMaT 6epHneT. Eyn 3MreKTe 6Hp ra.Ha Xa.Ha!IJHii
Ma3ka6LIHLIH K63-KapamTapLI ra.Ha JKa3LillraH 3Mec. AJJ JKep.n;e Xa.Ha!IJHiinep.n;eH 6amKa
aanLIM)l;ap)l;LIH .n;a K63-KapamrnpLI JKa3biJiraH. ,ll;eMeK, llMaM CapaxcHii Xa.Ha!IJHii
Mli3xa6LIH)l;a ap KaH.D;aii Macenenep.D;H ym}'H.ZJ;aii TapH3.n;e H3Hll)l;ereH aaJJLIM. 16
Tapb!XbiH MaaJJLIMarrapra KaparaH.D;a TYIJM6)1;6H q[,IKKaH)l;aH KHiiHH maap)l;LIH aMHpH
(6amqLICLI) Tapa6LIHaH llMaM Capaxc!lB 6amKa ilJaKHXTep (ilJhiKLIX'IldJlap, ~ap)
MeHeH 6Hpre qaKLipLinraH. AMHp JKam 6an.n;apLI 6ap KYH.D;6PYH 63 6YKaparrapLI MeHeH
yWI6HJIYP6T. AHaH 63'{H'{H 6yn KLinraH.D;apLI (6arrKHM, MaKTOO yryy MaKcaTLIH)l;a)
!IJaKHXTep)l;HH nHKHpllepHH 6HnrHcH KeneT. OmoH.D;o, 6ap)l;LIK !IJaKHXTep <OKaKIDbi
KLili)l;~J3» - .n;eiDHn, na.n;LIIDaHLIH 6yn K&mraHLIH KOll)l;OIID<OH. JiHpoK, llMaM CapaxcHii 6yn
MaceneHH )l;LIKKaT Kapan, na.zu,JIDara: <<Mbnma HIDTH aTKapyy MeHeH CH3 6Hp KeM'IHl!HK
KeTHp,IJ,HJUI3. AHTKeHH, 6yra qei!HH anap J<Yll 3Mec aJIJI)l;ap MeHeH TYPMYID Kypyrr Kene
JKaTbiDJKaH. AHaH CH3 anap)l;LI J<Yll)l;6p MeHeH 6am KOIDTyp.D;yey3», - .D;e.zr;B. llMaM
CapaxcHH,wm MbiH)l;aH nHKHpHHe TepHre TYJIIK6H aMHp ara: <<Meu aH.D;a anap.zu,1
aJKLipamThipaiibm», - .n;e.D;H. AJJap.zu,1 aJKLipamnipi<m.zlaH JCH:fum .n;apoo anap.zu,m HHKenepHH
JKal{biJlan, 6amKanap MeHeH yWI6HJIYPJ.:6H.D;6H KHiiHH Kaiipa.n;aH aaJJLIM)l;ap.zu,m 1IHKHpnepHH
·cypaiiT. Eyn Ke3eKTe .n;a anap: <()KaKillbJ KbllJ)l;bii{LI3», - .n;emTH. A llMaM CapaxcHii Kaiipa.n;aH
KapiDLI 'lbirbiD, ara: <<,l(arbl KaTa'lblliLIK KeTHp,IJ,HJUI3. AHTKeHH, lUIJI KHiliH aJKLipaJID<aH.D;aH
KHiiHH .n;apoo 6amKa a.n;aMrn TypMYJID<a 'lbiKIIaCTaH, mapHaT Tapa6LIHaH 6enrHlleHreH H)l;)l;a
M66H6T'{H JCYTYYCY KepeK 3ne. H;ma M66H6T'{H KYTfi6r6H lUIJI KHIDHHHH 6amKa 6Hp66r6
TypMYJID<a 'lbJrYYCYHa mapHarra YPYKCaT 6epHnreH 3Mec JKa.Ha a.H.n;aii HHKe JKapaKcbJ3
17
6onon>, - .n;ereH. AHLIH JKoropey .n;apaJKa.n;arLI HJIHMTe 33 3KeH.D;HrH JKa.Ha aJ<btilKaTTLI
TapTbm6acTaH aHTKaH aaJ1bJM 3KeH.D;HrH 6yn oeyll)l;aH Taac&m 6aiiKaJ1biD TypaT.
llMaM CapaxcHii caJic!lB ce6emep.n;eH ynaM KaMaKKa aJ1bmraH. MbJH)l;aH a6an.n;a
Tap&!Xblli oeyJIJlap)l;LIH apKac&IH)l;ar&J JK3IDLIPYYH caJic!lB MaKcarrar&I Hepcenepre Taa Kan6aii
3lle KoiicoK 6onoT. MHcaJJLI, IlaiiraM6ap&I6bJ3 (c.a.B) 627-JKLilJLI Xy.n;aii6ID! aHTTamyycyH.D;a
aJK&IlJbJK Kb!JIYY,!Ia 6ymapacrap)l;LIH (MYIJ!pHKTep)l;HH) KOHrOH maprrapLIHa Maeyn 6onroH.
EHpOK 6yn Hepce MYCYliMaH.D;apra a'lb!KTaH a'lbJK KapiDLI Kenteu. Eyra qeiiHH 3q 6Hp aaJ1bJM
IlaiiraM6ap&I6&13)l;LIH ( c.a.B) 6yn maprrap)l;LI MYCYliMaH.D;ap)l;LIH rraii.n;ac&ma Llllafu.JK
6onroH)l;YKTaH Ka6&m KbmraH.D;birbm a'lbJK aHTKaH 3Mec. AHTKeHH, MeKKeliHKTep MeHeH
xaii6epliHK JK66TT6p MeKKe MeHeH Xaii6ep,!IHH oprocyH.D;a JKaHramKaH Ma.n;HHam.i· 6ac&m
13
Bilmen, a.g.e., c. I, s. 456.
14
AJI-Kypa.IIIHH. T. 3, 78-6eT.
" Serabsi, a.g e., c. I, s. XXIV.
http://www.yeniumit.com.tr. Temmuz-A~stos-EyJU1 1996.
An-Kypa.IIIHH. T . 3, 79-6eT.
16
17
162
anyy zyypanyy KeliHIIIRM Ty.3yrm<SH. IIaH:raM6a~hi6hi3 ( c.a.B) MLIH.llaH Ka6ap.D;ap 3Jie )((aHa
ymyn ce6emeH ynaM KellliiiiHMTe Maeyn 6onroa. 8 · .
.
HMaM Capaxc!lli.ZJ;HH cpbiKbiXKa 6afulaHbiDITYY 3MreKTepH omon yqyp.D;arbi KaJIKThiH
JKaniOO mapTbiHa hiJiafu.IK JKa3hiJII"aH. 63YHYJI .D;OOp)'H.D;arbi KOOM.ZJ;yK-3KOHOMHKaJihiK
Macenenepre Ke6ypeeK TOKTOJIYII, anap.D;bi a'lbiiC )((aHa TaK H3HJI.ZJ;en )((a3bill KeTKeH. A1I
MyxaMMa.ZJ; 6HH XacaH am-lllaii6a.mrii: CLIJIKTYY aaJihiM.ZJ;bm 3MreKTepHH '!e'!Menen
)((a3raH)J;biKTIIH, aHbiH Koiiroa 3pe)((e KYPaJI.ZJ;apbiH, aHhiH Hern3.D;epHH )((aHa ce6emepHH
opToro Koroyra M~6yp 3Jie. HMaM Capaxcllli ap Ka.ZJ;aMhiH.ZJ;a 6ynap.ZJ;EI H3HJI.ZJ;ereare apaKeT
KbJJibiii, 6yn Ba31llinacbiH 3~ JKaKIDbi a6an.ZJ;a aTKapraH.
HMaM Capaxcllli apa6 THJIHH '3~ JKaKillbi e3.ZJ;emTypreH. Mh!Ha omoH.ZJ;yKTaH
3MreKTepHH.D;e Ke6yaqe apa6 THJIHH KOJI.ZJ;oayn, K33 6np cpb1Kb1X MacenenepHH qe'!Menen
19
TYJIIYH.liYPYY.D;e 6all!Ka THJI.ZJ;ep.D;H .ZJ;a, e3reqe 4_>apc THJIHH KOJI.ZJ;oaroa. ~ apa6 TI~JIH~J.ZJ;e
JKa3raH 3MreKTepHHHH Kell'IYnyry 6all!Ka THJI.ZJ;epre KOTopyn:yn 6acbiJII"aH~ A1I MaTeMaTHKa
)((aHa anre6pa IDlliMlm .ZJ;a )((aKIDhi e3.ZJ;eiDTypreH. Myay MeHeH 3Jie '!eKTeliHll Kan6aCTaH
py6aHJiep.D;H (TepT camyy b!pllap.D;hl) .ZJ;a )((a3raa. MbiH.llaii bipnapbm aHhiH «an-Ma6cyn>
aTT)'Y 3MrerHH.ZJ;e Ke3.ZJ;emTHpyyre MYMJ<YH.
<<Ali-Ma6cyn>,
«l<Hra6yn-ycym>
JKaHa
«illapxyc-ciD!pHJI-Ka6np»
aTT)'Y
KOJI.ZJ;oaynraH op4_>orpa4_}ID!, aHbm 6yn HepceiiH JKaKillbi 6HJireH.ZJ;HrHHe )((aHa
3pKHH KOJI.ZJ;OHO anraH.ZJ;hiThma .ZJ;aJiaJiaT KhiJiaT. .Am,m MeTO.D;.D;opy MeHeH hiKMaJiaphiHa )((aHa
3MreKTepHHe hiJI.ZJ;hiHpaaKTa KeHeH TOKTOJI06y3.
3MreKTep~e
)[(dropy.D;a . a:iiTbrJn.m eTKeH.ZJ;eii 3Jie HMaM Capaxcllli Kemerea marnprrep.D;H
)((eTHJITKeH. .Am.m 3~ KSPYHYJ<TYY marnprrepH TeMemcynep:
1) YcM~ 6HH A1IH 6HH MyxaMMa.ZJ; 6HH A1IH A6y YMap an-EaiiKaH.ZJ;Hii an-Eyxapnii.
2) A6y EaKHp MyxaMMa.ZJ; 6HH H6paxHM an-XacLip!lli.20
3) lJlaMcyn-aHMMa MaxMY.ZJ; 6HH A6.ZJ;HJI-A3H3 an-Y3JKeJWili (an-Y3re!Wili).
4) Eypxaayn-aHMMa A6.ZJ;yn-A3H3 6HH Maa3e.
5) Macy.ZJ; 6HH an-XyceiiHH H6H an-XacaH 6HH MxyxaMMa.ZJ; 6HH H6paHnii_ anKemTaHnii.
6) A6y Xa4_}cHc-carnp YMap 6HH Xa6H6.
7) PYKHY.ZJ;-JIHH Macy.ZJ; 6HH an-Xacaa an-KamaHnii.
3MreKTepu:
A) )[(mr 3MreKTepH:
Capaxcnii.ZJ;HH Tepe:a: 6HJIHMHHHH )((b!iiLIHThlrbr KaTapbi HcnaM yeyryaa 6aiinaHbilliT)'Y
KenTereH Macenenepre H3HJI.ZJ;eenep.u;y JKYPry3reH. OmoH.ZJ;oii 3Jie TYJIIYH.liYPMS KHTemep.D;H
.ZJ;a JKa3raH. MaceneH, anap:
1) <<l<HTa6y amparnc-caa»
2) <<l<HTa6y an-Ma6cyn>
3) «illapxy 3ID!.ZJ;aTH3-3IDIJ(aT>> (<<AH-HYKaT»)
18
Hamidullah, a. g. md., c. X, s. 506.
19
Serahsi, a. g. e., c. I, s. XXIV.
20
Ali-KypaiiDrii. T. 3, 80-6eT.
163
4) <<illapxyn-)KaMK&HJI-Ka6Hp». Am,m 6yn 3Mrern MMaM Myx~a.n
lllaii6aJmiiJJ;Im <<An-)KaMHDyn-xa6Hp» arryy 3Mrenme lKa:lhiJil"aH -rymya.nypMe IG!Ten.
am-
5) <<illapxyn-)KaMH"bHC-carnp». Eyn 3MreK .na MMaM A6y IOcylj>T)'H cyeymy Meaea
lKa:lhiJil"aH MMaM MyxaMMa,n am-lllaii6aJmiiJJ;Im <<An-)KaMK&yc-carnp» arryy 3Mrei"HHHH
-rymya.nypMecy. Eyn 3MreK MMaM Ca~axc~ KaMaKTa lKaTKaa.na lKa:!.zu,IpraH
1
3MreKTepmnm apachlH,!J;a 3KeH.l{HJ"H a.iiTI.maT.
6) <<illapxyn-MyxTacap lj>HJI-Ij>hiKLIX»
7) <<illapxyc-CmrpHJI-Ka6Hp»
8) «Ycym>
9) <<illapxyu-Halj>axaT mm-Xaccalj>»
11) <<illapxy AJ{3,liHJI-Kli,ZIHH mm-Xaccalj>»
.1·2) <<An-cf>aaaa.n»
13) «lllapxy Klrra6HJI-Kac6». A6yn-Balj>aHb!H oro 6oro!f'Ia MMaM CapaxciDi.llmi 6yn
3Mrerir «an-Ma6cyn> 3Mrern:mm 6Hp 6enyry. KJ3 6Hp aaJib!M.l{ap ){arb! ){a na:ii,z{anyy
6onyycy Y'JYB 83Yif'I8 IG!Ten KbiJibiii lKa:lbiiiiKaH. Eyn 3MreKTHH 6Hp aycKacblli Mli,ZIHHa
maaphlH,!l;arLI ApHij> XHKMaT IGITenKaHacblllaH Ta6yyra MYMKYH·
.6eJIJ"HJIYY 3MreKTepn:
MMaM Capaxclrii e3ynyH lKa:lraH 3MreKTepHH I<HKlm:KH Myynra KaJITLipyy Meaen
6Hpre HcnaM .zcyfulecyae aTe qoo: KLI3MaT Kb!JlraH. Ara TaaHAb!K 6onroa lKaHa XaHalj>lrii:
Ma3xa6blllblli 6aa lKeTKHC 6ynaKTapblllblli KaTaphlH,!l;a KapanraH KenTerea IG!Temepmnm 31{
Maammyynepy TeMea.nerynep:
1) <diiHcJlazy awpazyc-caa JKaaa MaKaMazyJI-KIUJMa»
MMaM CapaxcH 6yn 3Mrenm OKYY'JYl!YK y6arLIH.l{a lKa:lraH. Eyn 3MreK HerH3HHeH
lllaMcyn-aHMMa an-XaJIBaHIDi:AHH lKa:lraa 3l>fi"ern. Capaxclrii: 6onco aru,r Hperren, TapTHITKe
CaJIJ>III lKa:lraH. Eyn 3MreKTHH lKana,naa lKaJirbl3 aycKaCbi IlapHlK,ll;e YJIYTTYK KHTenKaHll,lla
22
CaKTaJiblll rypaT. Eyn 3MreKTH HcnaM KaJiaM HJIIiMIDJHH MeMecy KaTapbi 3cenTemer.
2) «Ycyny ac-Capaxcuif»
Eyn 3MreK ){a HcnaM yxyry (lj>biKbiX) 6oro!f'Ia lKa:lbJJiraH. lJblrapMaHb!H TOJIYK aThi
«TaMKHeyn-lj>ycyn-lj>HJI-ycym> lKaHa «Eynyyryc-cyyn lj>HJI-ycym>. EHpOK, 6yn KHTen 3Jire
KLICKa'l.a «Y cyny ac-Capaxclrii:» ){en TaliHI>IJiraH.
MMaM CapaxcHii: 6yn 'l.hrrapMacbm XHlKpliHI>ni 479-)f("[,IJibJ 93rea maapbiH.na lKa:lraH.
<<MyxaA.nHMa» arryy IG!Te6HH){e «31{ ryypa Mypyo:Ky HMaMAap){bm lKOJIYH lKOll,l:IOO» ){en
aifTI<aru,IH.l{aH 3Jie, Xaaa(j:!Hii Ma3xa6b!Hbm aern3){eeqynepy MMaM A3aM A6y XaHH(j:Ja,
MMaM MyxaMMaA lKaHa A6y IOcy(j:JT)'H Ke3-KapamTapb!H.l{a, omoa){oii 3Jie anapAb!H
npHHilHIITepHHe aTe MaaHH 6epHJireH. Omon ce6emea, MMaM MyxaMMa,l{,l{bni
'l.bll"llpManapbiH lKam MYJHAapra oo:oli yiipeTYY Y'JYB TYIDYH.Z~YPMS IGITemep){lllKa3raH?3
«Ycyny ac-CapaxcHii» XaHa(j:JIDi Ma3Xa6b1Hbm ){liHIDi lK06onopy lKeHya,llery 31{
coaya KRTen. A6yn-Ba4Ja 6yn KHTenrn Tomoroa. Aabm Tomoroay 6oro!f'Ia 1954-)f("[,JJibJ
21
22
23
164
Serahsi, a. g. e., c. I, s. XXVI.
Hamidullah, a. g. md., c. X, s. 503.
Capaxcuii, lllaMcyn-AHMMa A6y Eru<p MyxaMMa.I16HH An1a.z16KH A!!n Caxn ac-Capaxcuii. :Vcyll)lcCapaxcuu. - Eeilpyr: J{apyn-<I>m<p, 2005.- 8-6er.
KaHp.n:e II TOM.n:yK 6orryrr 6achlJThm 'lbiKKaH. Ymyn 3Jie KHTerr 1973-lKbiJI:bi Ee.H:pyrra .n:a
6achmraH.
3) <dllapxyc-CWipUJI-Ka6Hp»
Eyn 3MreK Hern3HHeH ll:MaM A:laM.!{h!H marnpTH llMaM MyxaMMa.n:.D:hiH HpaKTaH
KeTKeH.D:eH KHibm omon .n:oopro qe.ii:HHKH HellaM 6a!IIl<apyyqyJIYIYIIYH 3ll apaJih!K
MaMHJienepll 6o1011'Ia YJ<YKTYK TYJIIYHYKTep.n:y KaMThiD JKa3raH 3ll aKhlpKhi JKaHa 3}{
Maamrnyy 3MreKTepHHHH 6HpH. AH.n:= YJ<YKTYK eKYMJiep.n:yH K9!I'fl'JIYfY XaHa!lJKii
Ma3xa6hiHhiH Ke3-KapamTaphii!hiH HennHH.!{e 6epHJireH. .AHhm 6yn 3MrerHI!e 6amKa Kerr
aal!hiM.D:ap Tapa6biHaH .n:a "fYIIIYH.D:YPMe KHTemep.D:HH JKa3h!JihiJIIlJ, 6yn KHTeiiTHH Ka.!{hlp6apKhiH JKaHa MaaHif.lll'Y.rryryH 6HJI.!{HpHII zypaT. AJJ. TYJllYH.!l:YPMe KHTemep.D:HH apachiHaH
ll:MaM CapaxcKii.D:HH TYJllYH.!l:YPMe 3Mrern aJI.!(hJHKhi opyH.!(a .n:err a.H:zyyra MYMJ<YH. llMaM
Capaxcirli 6yn TYJllYH.!l:YPMe 3MrerHI! KaMaKTa JKa3a 6amTaraH. KKiiHH , MaprenaHra
6apraH.n:a 6yn 3MrerHI! 6yrypreH.
HMaM Capaxcirli 6yn 3MrerHI! Ka'IaH JKaHa Kaikhi JKep.n:e JKa3raHh!H e3y Mhm.n:a.ii:'Ia
6aJ!H.ZlaHT: «Eyn 3MreK 479-ll<hiJI.!{hiH 3Yllh·Kaa.n:a a.H:biH.n:a <<AM!ip rYJI» JiaKa6h! MeHeH
TaaHh!Man 6onroH A6y Al!H an-Xycemm 6HH A6HJI-KachlM.D:hlH y.H:YJI.n:e JKa3hllla 6amTaraH.
KaMaKKa al!hiHraHra qefum JKa3YY ynaHThlJiraH. KKiiHH KaMaKTa .n:a JKa3YY HmH ynaHTiillThill,
6yn 3MreK aJII"hiHa 'lbiKKaH 3Mec. 20-pa6eyl!h-aBBaJI a.H:biH.n:a 3pi<Im.!{HKKe 'lhli"hlll, 6H3
Ca.H:!lJyMHH H6paxHM HcxaK 6HH HcMaHli.!{HH y.ii:yHe .JKaiiramTh!K. KKiiHH Ca.H:!lJy.n:.n:HH JKaHa
6a!IIl<a !lJaKHXTep 6yn H!IlTH ynaHnm 6yrypyy6ys.n:y cypaHhlillTh!. YlliyH.!(aH ynaM 6yn 3MreK
Ca.H:!lJy)l.!(HH.IIHH y.H:YJI.n:e pa6eyn-ax11p aHhiHhlH 24y, mapmeM6H KYHY 6amTal!hm, Anna
TaanaHh!H JKap.n:aMhl ·MeHeH 480-ll<hiJI.!{hiH JKYMa.!{HJ!h-aBBaJI a.ii:h!Hbm Y'IYH.D:e, JKYMa KYHY
24
J!(a3hill 6yryp.n:yK>>.
Eyn 3MreKTe omon .n:oop.n:ory MYCyJIMaH acKepnepHHe KepeK 6onroH MaaJih!Marrap .n:a
JKa3hlllraH. Eyn 3MreK Me.ii:JIH BH3aHTill!.!{arbl, Me.ii:nH OpTO A:liD! a.ii:MaKTaphiH.U:arh! Khi3MaT
eTereH MYCYJIMaH acKepnepn 6oJICYH, anap.!l:hiH JKamoocYHa THemenyy Hepcenep TYYPaJIYY
6aJ!H.ZlaJiaT. )l(aJIIIbi TaphiXKa 6a.ii:naHhiiiiTYY .n:a ap KaHAaii oeymiap KaMThmraH. MhJHAaH
6amKa, ap KaHAa.ii: Taph!XhiH oeymiapAbl, aHAarh! a.n:aM.D:apAbiH Hm-apaKerrepH TYYPaJI)'Y
6aJ!H.llanraH. M!ical!hl, 6a!IIl<a 'IOO'IYH MaMJieKerrepre, 'IOII MaHcarrTYY a.n:aM.n:apra THemenyy
6a.ii:l!h!KThiH 6a.JKhJ Cal!h!rhiHa THemenyy JKe THemenyy 3MeCTHrH, HcnaM apMID!ChJHAa e3
Ba3hliirranaphm aTKapraH acKepnep, oopynyynap.!l:hl Kapan a.ii:b!KThipraH ammap, JKam =.n:ap,
COrymTaH TYI!Il<9H Oll.lKOJIOPAYH H'IHHeH myMKapnap, arrap, cmuinwnn,m MyaBRl!
Tapa6hiHaH
KapaTh!Jihmihi,
Eyxapa,
Kycpa
maapnaphiH.!{arbi
yii-HMaparrapAbiH
e3re'IenyKTepy, anapAbiH 6a!IIl<a JKepnep.n:ern HMaparrap.n:aua.ii:bipMa'lb!JihiKTaphl, omon 3Jie
yqyp.n:a HpaKTa 6on6oroH aaJih!M, MOJIAOJIOPAYH TypKcTaH.!{a 6onro~ TYYPaJIYY
JKa3hmraH.
«CID!pyn-Ka6Hp» Hern3HHeH omon .n:oop.n:ory MYCYJIMaH aal!hlM.!{aphi Tapa6hmaH 311
JKaKillhi TapH3Ae JKa3hiJiraH. Eyn 3MreK JKaJIIIhi HcnaM YKYfYHYH (cph!KhiXThiH) 3}{ 3CKH
6ynan1 KaTaphi KapanaT. llMaM CapaxcHil: 6onco, HJIHMHil: Ta.JKPhlli6ach! apKh!JIYY 6yn
3MreKKe TYJllYH.!l:YPMe KHTerr JKa3YYAa, aHhm II'IHHAern OKYIDiap.!{hi 6aJ!H.ZlOO.D:O, KypaHH
KapHM JKaHa XaAHCTep.n:eH 6a!IIl<a ap KaH.D:a.ii: Taph!Xhrn 6ynaKTap.n:aH .n:a rraH.n:anaHraH.
4) <<AJ!-Ma6cyn>
Eyn llMaM CapaxcKii.D:HH cph!KhiXKa (HcnaM yeyryHa) 6a.ii:naHhiiiiTYY KaMaKTa JKa3raH
3Mrern 6orryrr 3cemeneT.
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http://www.yeniumit.com.tr. Temmuz-Agustos-Eyltil l996.
165
Xaua4JIDi Ma3xa6LIH aem3.11erea lli.l:aM .A3aM A6y XaHH<l>aBLIH (699-767)
maKHprrepHH OKYYfYY.ZI3 6epreH ryiiiyli.ZIYPMeJiepy,
eKYM.Z~epy aBLIH 6eJITHJIYY
OK}')"'YJiapLIHLIH 6HpH MyxaMMa.ZI am-lllaii6l1Hlrii (749-804) Tapa6LIHaB KaJieMre aJILIHraB.
I:<HfuiHqep33K 6yJI aepceJiep omoJI 3Jie lli.l:aM MyxaMMa.ZI Tapa6LIHaB <<Klrra6yJI-acm>,
<UKaMHYc-carnp», <UKaMHYJI-Ka6ap», <<Ac-Crulpyc-carnp», <<Ac-CID1pyJI-Ka6ap», <<.A33HJIJiaD>, «3HJIJ{aT)'3-3HJIJiaD> .11erea arrap MeHeH KHTen a6aJILIHa KerrmpHJireH. TaBaryp
(JKaJlLIJib)DI 3KeH.ZIHI'H MYMKYH 6oJI6oroa) .ZiapaJKaCLIH.lla pHBaJIT Kld.JILIHl11H 6yJI KHTenTep,
33XIIpyp-pHB3H .11en aTaJiaT. EyJI KHTenTep KeJie?.fY JKarbniaB Ken )!(aHa all6aH KCI(HpH
6oJIYU, Ken oeyJI6arllHJihlKTaB, XaKHM am-lllaxH.Ii aJI-Mapoa3IDi Tapa6LIHaH 6yJI KHTemep
KLICKapThiJ!TaH a6aJI.Zia <<A1I-Ka4Juii» arryy 3MreK JKa3hl.lThiii 'lL!KKaH. lli.l:aM Capaxcirli 6oJico
~ 3JIYY )l(ldJI,l{aB KHii:Jm <<Ali-MyxTacapyJI-Ka4JID> .11en 3TaJII'aB 6yJI 3MrCKTHH a6.11aH KLICKa,
-rymyHYKC¥3 JKepH Ken 6oJirOHJIYI"YHYH ce6e6HHeH oeyJI6araH,IILlrLIH 6aiiKan, am.r Hem3rn
6yJiaK K3TapLI aJILIU, Xaaa4JHii Ma3xa6LIHLIH 3H M3aHHJIYY 3MreKTepHHHH 6HpH KaTapLI
25
TaaBLIJiraH a3LipKLI «aJI-Ma6cyn> arryy TYJliYll.llYPMe 3MrerHH JKa3rau.
<<Ali-Ma6cyn>
Kyp!IH JKaHa Cy:HHerryH qerHHeH qLJKITaraH, «ali-Ka4Jare» )l(a3LIJir3H TYUJYH.ZIYPMe KHTCII.
lli.l:aM Capaxcirli 6yJI aTaJII'au 3MrerHHHH KHpHm 6eJIYMYH.lle XaKHM am- lliaxH.!U(KH
«ali-KailJHii» 3MrerHH MaKTarr, ara Lipaa3Ll'lLIJihii"Dm 6HJI.ZIHpHII KeTKeH. <<Ali-Ma6cyn> aqLJK
JKaHa 31'l )l(aKmLJ MeTOMO )l(a3LIJiraH. EyJI 3MreKTH )l(a3YYH}'H MaKCaTLIH lli.l:aM CapaxcHii
TeMe~e 1YJIIYH.ZIYPYIT eTKeH:
1) <l>LIKLIX HJIHMHH aJiraB a.ZiaM.llap KaBaarraH.llLipaap= KY'I ~a6aCTaH, Kerr
y6aKLITILI alia ryprau TaJiam-TapTLim MaceJieJiepre 6acLIM )l(acan, omoJiop MeHeH 3Jie
alleKTeHHII KaJihiiiii<aH.
2) <l>blKI>IX HJIHMHH oeymaa K33 6ap ycra3.11ap .11a Ke6yH'le 4JLIKLIX IDIHM1rne
6aiiJiaHbillillaraH MaceJieJiep~ YCTYH.lle Tallam-TapTbnn ~ry3ymyn, Kerr y6aKLirrapbm
omoJI MaceJienepre ~araH.
3) K33 6ap KallaM HJIHMH MeHeH alleKTeHreH aaJILIM.llap 4Jb!KbiX IDIHM1rne
6aHllaHbnnTYY MaceJieJiep opmro KOIOJiraH.lla, 4JHJiocoilJHJIJILIK oiiJiopJIY KOJI.ZIOHYY MeHeH
3KH TapanTbi (4JblKI>IX HJIHMH MeHeH KallaM HJIHMHH) apaJiamTbipbm, aJiapra YJyH-YJyH
TYJliYll.llYPMenepJIY )l(a3a 6epHmKeH.26 •
MbiH.llaH TaTaall yqyp.11a MMaM CapaxcHii, «ali-Ka4JH» 3MrerHH qeql'.{eJierr )l(a3Jibipbm
)l(aTKaH.lla, ap 6ap 6anTar&I MaaJILIMarrap.ZILI )l(eTKHJIHKTYY .11ell 3cenTereH. Ap 6Hp MaceJieHH
qeql'.{eJierr TYllYH.ZIYPYY.Zie allapra 3q KaH.llaii omon 3ne MaaHH.Z~ern KO~a
MaaJILIMarrap.Zibi 6epreH 3Mec. Ce6e6a, «ali-Ka4JH.lle» 6ap.Zib!K Macenenep JIHHHii eKYM.Z~epre
LIJiaiiLJK JKaBa Hll!eaHqTYY TYP.Zie )l(a3LIJiraH.
MMaM CapaxcHii HerH3HHeH- 6yJI 3MrerHH a6aKTa )1(3TKaH.Zia e3yayH mamprrepHHe
27
)l(a3Jibiprau.
EyJI 3MrerHH )l(a3.ZILIPbill JKaTKaH.lla aJI 3q KaH.llaH )l(a3b!JIYY 6yJiaKTIIP.ZILI
8
KOJI.ZIOHrOH 3Mec.2 Eyn 3MrerHHe aRbm 6aniKa 3MreKTepHHHH 6HpH .11a Tell Ken6eiiT. All 3q
KaH.llaH )l(a3b!JIYY 6ynaKTap.ZILI KOJI.ZIOHrOH 3Mec .11el"eH, TIIKLip 3Jie KOJI.ZIOH6oroaro JKamaiiT.
lliaKHprrepH «ali-Ka<l>Irii.ZIID> OKYII 6epHmKeH.lleH KHiiHH raHa 3q 6Hp JKa3LIJiraH 6ynaKTIIpra
9
Kapa6acraH, 6yra qeiiHH yj;jpeayn 3CHHJ1e KaJiraH.llapbi apKbuzyy aJiap.ZILI ·qeql'.{enen 6epreH.2
TaKTan aHTKaH.lla, 6yn 3MreKTH )l(apaTyy.lla aHbm maKHprrepHHHH CaJihiM.llapLI .11a qoH .11en
ai-iTyyra 6oJIOT.
15
26
27
28
29
166
Serahsl, a. g. e., c. I, s. XVlll.
EyyOp Said Kaya, "e/-Mebsuf' maddesi, Tilrkiye Diyanet Vakfi lslam Ansiklopedisi (DiA), Ankara 2003, c.
xxvm, s. 214.
Bilmen, a.g.e., c. I, s. 456.
An-KypaiDHii, owon 3ne JKep,11e.
Kaya, DiA, a. g. md., c. XXVIII, s. 214.
Am.m 6yn 3Mrenm Ka'la.B 6amTaraH.IIl>IThl )!(aHa Ka'la.B 6ynceu.nyry ryypanyy TaK
MaaJibiMaT JKOK 6onco ,11a, an 63YHYH «Ycym> arryy 3Mrei1I:H,lle 6y!l ryypanyy aHThm eTKeH.
<<An-Ma6cyT 3Mrenm,nern
Ke3-KapamTap,llblll
ycyn,zzyK
uern3,11e~Jm
KepceTYY
Eyn 3Mrenm
6onco, 479/1087-)l(b!JI,liLIH l!BBapb ail:.I.ra.lla )f(a3a 6amTaraH. .D:eMeK, «an-Ma6cyT» 3Mrenm 3D;
3ne Keq ,11ereH,11e 479-lKbi.Jibl )f(a3bill 6yTypreu ,11ereu ll<ldfu.lliTidlCKli Kenyy MYMJ<YH. EupoK
6yn
3MreKTII
B3Bn,llereu
aaJibiM,llap,llbm
6epreu
Maanb!MaTTapb!Ha
KaparaH,lla,
aiipb!M.llapb!Hbm oro 6oiOH'la 6yn 3MreK 466-lKbi.Jibl, K33 6upnepHHHH o!O 6oiOB'la 477-lKbUibl
6ynceu. EupoK, 6up uepceBH 6HJIHII KOIOY KepeK, 6yn 466-479-:JKblJI.IIap,llb!H apacbiH,lla
31
•
)f(a3biJibiii 6ynceu 3MreK.
MaKCaTLIII,~~a «Ycym> arryy 3Mrenm JKa3a TYPraH.III>lThi ryypanyy ,11a aifn<au.
0
<<An-Ma6cyn> uernJrmeu a6,11a.B ~ Meueu KaMaKTa onrypra Ke3mme
)f(a3bJJiraB. llMaM Capaxcu:H 6yn 3Mrenm )f(a3,llblpbill JKaTKaH,lla aJI6aii , oop )!(aHa eyn
CblJIKTYY JKamoouy 6aiUbmaH eTKeprea.nyry ryypanyy ,11a aiiTbm eTKeH. <<l<Hra6yn-HKpap»
arryy 3MreKTe 6onco, 3'1 KaH,llaH 6apKcbl3, KYHeeKep KbiJIMbliiii(epnep MeHeH qoryy
KaManraH,IIbiThl ryypanyy aiiTI.maT. An a6aKTan.I )f(amoocyuyu aKb!pKbi KYH.!IBPYH.lle
mai<Hprreprme <<l<Hra6yn-BaKaana» arryy 3Mrenm JKa3,llblpa 6amTarau,11a, KaMaKTan.I
)f(amoo mapr 6u:p a3 ,11a 6onco JKaKIDbrprau. Au,nau KKHI'IH an a6aKTaH 'lbii"biii, 9Jreu
ceiiHJIHH.llern 6u:p 6enMere KaManraH )!(aHa omon )f(ep,11e «an-Ma6cyn> arryy 3Mrenm
ronyrcran 6yrypreu.
<<An-Ka<Pu:» uern3rmeu IIIaii6aHJIRiffi 3MreKTeprmeu 3H: )f(aKillblcbi, u:meHB'lTYYCY
6onyn JcenreneT. Eyn 3MreKTe 6onco Capaxcu:H rapa6bmau Xaua$Hii: Macxa6bl CBCTeManyy
ryp,11e JKa3biHTaB. · Omouy Meueu 6Hpre Ma6cyT, B'lim,llern KaMTbiJII'aH Macenenep,
JKa3billbiiDbi JKaua KOH,!Iouynrau ycyll,llapbi JKarbmau 6amKa KnaccHKaJibiK a,~~a6Wirrapra
KaparaH,lla aiii.IpManaBbill )f(a3bmra.B. ABTKeHH llMaM Capaxcllli,llrm 6yn 3MrernHHH
MaKCaTbi, XaKHM am-IIIaii6aHHHHH ce3,!1epyu 3Mec, An-Ka$JUe KaMTbmra.B Xaua<Pu:H
Macxa6biBbiH $hiKXHii: Maceneneprm a'lbiKToo Jne. Eyn ce6enrea an-Ka<PHH.llern K33 6up
aepcenep,!IH JKa3raH 3Mec. K33 6upnepBH 6onco 'le'IMene6ecrea 3ne lKa3JtblpraH. Hern3HBeH
an-Ka$Hii:,llem )f(a3bmraH ce3,11ep,!1y 3Mec, MaBHnep,!IH a'lbiKTan )f(a3TaB. An-Ma6cyTTyH ap
6up 6enyMYHYH 6ambiH,lla opToro KoiOnrau Macenere 6aiinaBbiiDTYY ce3,!1ep,llyH ce3,llyK
)!(aHa repMBHonorWillbiK MaaiDIJ!eprme 6acbiM )f(acarr, anapJ(bl a'lloiK rymya,llypyn KeTKeH.
An ce3,!1epre JKaKbm MaaBH,~~ern ce3,11ep,!1y aii:brpManarr, an )f(ep,11e Koronrau 6ap,!lbiK
eKYI>t.llep,llyH mapWIT rapa6bmau KOJonraa ,lla.rmJl,llepRH aiiTbm eTKeH. An 6yn 3MreKTe
Ke6yaqe caxa6a, ra6u:ya,11ap,llbm apacb!Ha.B eJ<YM 6epyyqy MY)f(Tax:Hrrep,!IBH (HellaM
yeyryH.lla eJ<YM 'llorrapyyqy )!(aHa ap KaH.llaH ,liHBHH Macenenep,lle e3 OIOH Ke:E(Iolpl'! aiira anqy
a,11aM) JKaua Xaaa<Pr-lli Macxarr aaJibiM,llapb!HbiH Ke3-Kapamrapbm, TaJIBTaH ,lla.rmJl,llepHHHB
6ynaKTapbiH, eJ<YM 'llorrapyy,lla KOMOHrOH nornKaJibiK MaaHHneprm 6epHII, 6ynap,llbl 611p
JKep,lle )f(3Ha 6Hp 3ne yqyp,11a KOH,!IOHO 6HJireH. Ke6yaqe Xaaa<Pr-lli Macxa6biH,llarbi A6y
XaHH$aHblH JKamibi Ke3-Kapamrapbr )!(aHa aBbm TaJIBTaH ,llanHH,llepu: ryypanyy ce3 KbiJICa
,11a, K33 6u:p yqypnap,11a e3YHYH JKeKe Ke3-KapaiiiTapbm 6HH,l1Hpreu. Eu:poK yq Macxarr
aam,IM,llapb!Hb!H Ke3-Kapamrapbma ,11a Ke~ 6ypynyn, anap,lla.B llMaM IIIa<PB:H )!(aHa llMaM
ManHKTrm KeJ-Kapamrapbma Kei'(Hpl'! opya 6epHJireH. llMaM Xau6ani'!HI'IH Ke3-Kapamrapbr
6onco, ceiipeK Ke3,llemer. HemJHHeH e3y Xa.Ba$:a:H Macxa6bm KapMaraH,llbllCTiiH )!(aHa 6yn
MaCXaiiTbl KapMaHraH 3n,11epr e rymyH.!IYpyy MaKCaTLIII,lla Xaua<PB:H Macxa6bma Ke6ypeeK
6acbiM JKacaraH: Eu:poK MYBY Meuea 3ne Kam,m Kan6acraa, 6aiiiKa yq MacxarrTbi KapMaraH
a,llaM.llapra ,11a naH,llacbr 6onrou.
30
31
Serahsi, a. g. e., c. I, s. XXVI.
Hamidullah, a. g. md., c. X, s. 506.
167
AJI TeMaJiapW>J 6eJIYIIITYPyy,lle KJJaCCHKam.IK MeTOM)' KOJI,I{OBrOH. DHp TeMa.HLI
Kapan )KaTKaH yqyp,11a ara 6aiiJiaJILIIIITYY ,l{arr.I KeiiTereH Macenenepre ,11a TOKTOJITOH. Ap 6Hp
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168
Kaya, DIA, a. g. md., c. XXVIU, s. 214.
Serabsi, a. g. e., c. I, s. XX:V.
34
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34
Kaya, DiA, a. g. md., c. xxvm, s. 214.
" Bilmen, a.g.e., c. I, s. 456.
36
Kaya, a. g. md., c. xxvm, s. 214.
169
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