Değen çift yıldızların ötegezegenleri nerede? - ÇOMÜ

Değen çift yıldızların ötegezegenleri nerede?
İbrahim BULUT
ÇOMÜ Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi
Uzay Bilimleri ve Teknolojileri Bölümü
Circumbinary Planet
Circumbinary planet (çiftleri çevreleyen gezegenler) çift yıldızların
etrafında yer alan gezegenlerdir. Bu tür gezegenler
• Ya bir bileşeninin etrafında bulunur (S-Tipi)
• Yada çift sistemin çevresinde yer alır (P-Tipi)
Kısa dönemli çift yıldızlarda gezegenler çift yıldızın yörüngesinin dışında
oluşmaktır.
Circumbinary Planet
İlk Circumbinary planet, PSR B1620-26 sisteminin yörüngesinde
bulundu. PSR B1620-26 sistemi bir milisaniye pulsarı ve bir beyaz cüce,
oluşan bir sistem olup M4 küresel yıldız kümesi’nin üyesidir.
2003 yılında bulunan gezgenin kütlesi 2,5 Jüpiter kütlesi, yörünge yarı
büyük eksen uzunluğu ise 23 AB dir.
Name
PSR B1620-26 b
Discovered in
2003
M × sin i
2.5 (± 1.0) MJ
Semi-major axis
23.0 (± 0.0) AU
Orbital period
36525.0 (± 0.0) day
Eccentricity
Name
PSR B1620-26
Distance
3800.0 pc
Spectral type
—
Apparent magnitude V 24.0
Mass
1.35 MSun
Age
—
—
Effective temperature —
ω
—
Radius
—
Metallicity [Fe/H]
—
RA2000
16:23:38.0
Tperi
—
Radius
—
Inclination
—
Dec2000
-26:31:53
Update
Dec. 23, 2010
Alternate Names
—
Detection method
pulsar
Planetary system
1 planet
10 Jul. 2003: The planet parameters are very uncertain. They are derived from Hubble data by measurements of
the white dwarf companion characteristics (Sigurdsson et al, 2003)
1999: The 1.35 MSun pulsar is in a binary system (period = 191.4428 d.) with a 0.6 M Sun white dwarf companion
(Thorsett et al. 1999); this explains the uncertainties in the fitting of the planet parameters.
2008 yılında Algol türü bir
örten çift sistemi olan HW
Vir de bir gezegen sistemi
keşfedildi. İki gezegenden
oluşan bu sistemde iç ve dış
gezegenlerin kütleleri
sırasıyla 8.47 ve 19.23
Jüpiter kütlesi, yörünge
dönemleri ise 9 ve 16 yıldır.
HW Vir, and the residuals of the eclipse timings measured since the early 1980s with respect to the linear terms of
the Ibanoglu et al. (2004) ephemeris: (a) the parabolic curve corresponds to a linear period decrease, which might
arise from magnetic stellar wind breaking; (b) residuals from the quadratic form;(c) residuals after including the
effect of the 15.8 yr planet; (d) residuals with respect to the two-planet model. From Lee et al. (2009).
HW Vir
Name
HW Vir (AB) c
Discovered in
Name
HW Vir (AB)
2008
Distance
181.0 (± 20.0) pc
M × sin i
8.5 (± 0.4) MJ
Spectral type
sdB+M
Semi-major axis
12.8 (± 0.2) AU
Apparent magnitude V
10.9
Orbital period
20000.0 day
Mass
0.627 (± 0.013) MSun
Eccentricity
—
Age
—
ω
—
Effective temperature
—
Tperi
—
Radius
—
Radius
—
Metallicity [Fe/H]
—
Inclination
—
RA2000
12:44:20.0
Update
June 15, 2012
Dec2000
-08:40:17
Detection method
controversial
Alternate Names
—
Planetary system
2 planets
Remarks
15 Jun 2012: Lee et al (2009) assigned a mass 8.5 M Jup to HW
Vir (AB) c. Beuermann 2012v give a mass 65 ± 15 MJup; it
would then not be a planet. Nov. 2008: The object HW Vir
(AB) c is named HW Vir 4 in Lee et al (2009)
Remarks
Eclipsing binary star: M1 = 0.485 MSun, M2 = 0.142 MSun.
P = 10084.58 ± 0.01 sec (Beuermann et al. 2012.
Kepler-16 çift sisteminde
Kepler-16b adı verilen 15
Eylül 2011 (Slawson et al.
2011) yaklaşık olarak Satürn
kütlesinde olan kaya ve
donmuş gazdan oluştuğu
varsayılan bir gezegen
keşfedildi.
Name
Kepler-16 (AB) b
Kepler-16
Name
Kepler-16 (AB)
Distance
—
Spectral type
K
Discovered in
2011
M × sin i
0.333 (± 0.016) MJ
Semi-major axis
0.7048 (± 0.001) AU
Orbital period
228.776 ( -0.037 +0.037 ) day
Apparent magnitude V
12.0
Eccentricity
0.00685 ( -0.00146 +0.00146 )
Mass
0.8499 (± 0.017) MSun
ω
318.0 ( -22.0 +22.0 ) deg
Age
—
Tperi
—
Effective temperature
4450.0 (± 150.0) K
Radius
0.7538 ( -0.0023 +0.0023 ) RJ
Radius
0.65 (± 0.0) RSun
Inclination
90.0322 ( -0.0023 +0.0023 ) deg;
Metallicity [Fe/H]
-0.3 (± 0.2)
Update
April 24, 2012
RA2000
19:16:18.0
Dec2000
+51:45:27
Alternate Names
—
Planetary system
1 planet
Detection method
detected by transit
Molecules detected
—
Primary transit
2455212.12316 JD
Remarks
13 Sep 2011: The planet Kepler-16 b was
first suspected by Slawson et al. 2011.
The parameters for the individual
components are (in solar units - Doyle et
al. 2011):
Star A:
Mass: 0.6897 ± 0.0035
Radius: 0.6489 ± 0.0013
Temp.: 4450 ± 150 K
[Fe/H]: -0.3 ± 0.2
Star B:
Mass: 0.20255 ± 0.00065
Radius: 0.22623 ± 0.00059
Binary system:
Period: 41.079 ± 0.000078 day
Semi-maj. axis: 0.224 ± 0.00035 AU
Inclination: 90.3401 ± 0.0019 deg.
Ecc.: 0.15944 ± 0.0006
S Type Circumbinary Planets
SYSTEM
discovery
Kepler 132 Abc Bd
2014
planet
s
numb
m_binary
er of motio Exoplanet
Distance
a_binary
[m2/(m1+
Spectral Type
e_sec
planet n S- catalogue
[parsec]
[AU]
m2)]
type,
s
P-type
500
450
S
Kepler 132
HD38529 AbcB
2000-2002
G4VI / M3.0V
40.00
0.169
12042
HD20782b / HD20781
HD125612 Ab-dB
2006
2007-2009
G2V / K0V
G3V / M4
36.02
52.82
0.457
0.143
9080
4759
HD222582 AB
1999
G5 / M3?
42.00
0.233
XO-2 b
2007
0.500
K0 V / K0 V 150.00
G3-G5V / DA2
12.90
VII
HD147513 AbB
2003
HD 213240 AbC
2001
G4 IV / M
Gl 777 AbcB
2003-2005
HD89744 AbcB
91 Aqr (HD 219449,
893.2)
HD101930 AaB
ADS16402 BbA
GJ
HD80606b / HD80607
55 Cnc Ab-fB
HD11964 AbcB (GJ 81.1 A)
HD142022 AbB
Ups And Ab-eB
HD188015 AbB
HD75289 AbB (HR3497)
83 Leonis ABbc
2
S
HD 38529
1
3
S
S
HD 20782
HD 125612
4746
1
S
HD 222582
4600
1
S
XO-2
0.24
0.00
comments
Debris disk
(>86 AU)
secondary
(red dwarf)
HD147513 B
w. dwarf
ref.(HD
213240 C)
secondary
(red dwarf)
2nd. (heavy
brown
dwarf)
m1
m2 [m_s
[m_sun]
un]
1.48
0.3
1.00
1.1
0.84
0.184
0.99
0.3
0.98
0.98
0.92
0.65
1.22
0.146
1.04
0.2
1.4
0.08
0.414
4451
1
S
HD 147513
40.75
0.107
3898
1
S
HD 213240
G6IV / M4.5V
15.89
0.161
2846
2
S
HD 190360
2000/2013
F7V / L0V
40.00
0.054
2456
2
S
HD 89744
2003
K0III / ?
45.50
--
2248
1
S
91 Aqr
2.5
2005
2006
K1V / M0-1
G0V / G0V
30.49
139.00
0.474
--
2200
1550
1
1
S
S
HD 101930
HAT-P-1
0.74
1.12
0.666
1.16
0.98
0.98
0.95
1.125
0.99
1.27
1.09
0.13
1.05
0.14
1
0.83
2003
G5V / G5V
58.40
0.500
1200
1996-2007
2005
2005
1996-2010
2004
G8V / M3.5-4V
G5 / K4
K0V / ?
F8V / M4.5V
G5IV / ?
13.02
33.98
35.87
13.47
52.60
0.120
-----
1999
G0V / ?
28.94
2005-2010
G6-K0IV / K2V
18.00
0.5
1
S
HD 80606
1050
1010
794
702
684
5
2
1
4
1
S
S
S
S
S
55 Cnc
HD 11964
HD 142022 A
ups And A
HD 188015 b
0.118
620
2
S
HD 75289
0.454
515
2
S
HD 99492
e_planet
>>,because
of second
star
HR3497 AB
(r. dwarf)
P Type Circumbinary Planets
SYSTEM
Kepler-34 ABb
Kepler-16 ABb
PSR B1620-26 / WD
J1623-266 b
KIC 4862625 b
Kepler-35 ABb
Kepler-38 ABb
discovery
2012
2011
planets
m_binary
numbe
Distance
a_binary
motion
Spectral Type
e_sec r of
[m2/(m1+m
[parsec]
[AU]
S-type,
2)]
planets
P-type
G
1499.00
0.493
0.2288 0.521
1
P
K/?
0.227
0.2243 0.159
1
P
2003
Pulsar / DB
2012
2012
2012
F8 IV / ?
G
G4 V / ?
3800.00
0.308
1645.00
0.201
0.477
0.208
0.2
Kepler-34
Kepler-16
m1
m2
[m_sun] [m_sun]
1.048
1.021
0.6897 0.2026
1
P
PSR B1620-26 Pulsar+white dwarf 1.35
0.1769 0.204
0.1762 0.142
0.147 0.103
1
1
1
P
P
P
KIC 4862625
Kepler-35
Kepler-38
0.6
1.47
0.888
0.949
0.37
0.809
0.249
0.82
0.5432
0.485
0.142
1.043
0.362
1
P
0.385
2
P
0.258
0.0836 0.0234
2
P
Wobbly planet,
Kepler-413b inclination of the
planet=4,073deg
HW Vir
HW Vir c
b
(0.116795
days)
Kepler-47 b Kepler-47 c
0.293
0.0076
1
P
RR Cae
0.44
0.182
0.185
0.0039
0.00
1
P
HU Aqr
0.88
0.2
0.015
0.0027
0.00
1
P
DP Leo
0.6
0.009
2013
K and M dwarf
705.20
0.399
0.1015
HW Virgins AB bc
2008
sdB+M V
181.00
0.226
0.1
Kepler-47 ABbc
2012
?
RR Cae ABb
2012
DAZ8 / dM4
HU Aqr AB b
2011
AM D ~
DP Leo AB b
2009
DA / M5V
400.00
comments
0.025
Kepler-413 ABb
11.00
Exoplanet
catalogue
1.4967h
0.98
0.93
0.88
L
0.83
0.78
0.73
0.68
0.63
0.58
0.53
D
35
36
37
38
39
40
Çevrim
Ab : Çift yıldız yörüngesinin yarı büyük eksen uzunluğu
Ap: Gezegen yörüngesinin yarı büyük eksen uzunluğu
Gezegenin kütlesi 1 M_jüpiter ve gezegen yörüngesinin eğimi 90 ise
Gezegen çiftin önünden geçerken çift yıldızın toplam ışığında
yaklaşık % 1 lik bir azalma olmalı
10Ab < Ap< 40Ab
Pb : Çift yıldızın dönemi
Pp: Gezegenin dönemi
30 Pb< Pp < 300Pb
W UMa
44i Boo
R1 (Rʘ)
1.375
0.87
R2 (Rʘ)
1.026
0.66
M1 (Mʘ)
1.12
0.98
M2 (Mʘ)
0.55
0.55
Ab (Rʘ)
2.401
1.83
P b (days)
0.502
0.268
Linnell, 1991
Hill et al, 1989
1
1
Mp (M_jupiter)
Ap (Rʘ)
10Ab<Ap<40Ab
24.01
96.04
18.31
73.25
P p (days)
30Pb<P p<300Pb
15.06
150.60
8.04
80.4
D (days)
0.439
1.097
0.231
0.578
D (Pb)
0.874
2.186
0.862
2.155
b: Binary
p: Planet
0.98
Ap = 10Ab
0.93
0.88
Pp = 30 Pb
0.83
W UMa
0.78
Pp = 15 gün
0.73
0.68
0.63
D = 0.9 Pb
0.58
0.53
35
36
37
38
39
40
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1
W UMa
Ap = 40Ab
0.9
Pp = 300 Pb
0.8
Pp = 150.6 gün
0.7
D = 2.2 Pb
0.6
0.5
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
KIC 6287172
KIC 9612468