GenetiN Algoritma ve TeNil Değer Ayrışımı Tabanlı Yeni Bir Kırılgan

6th INTERNATIONAL
INFORMATION SECURITY & CRYPTOLOGY
CONFERENCE
6. ULUSLARARASI
%é/*é*µ9(1/éçéYH.5é372/2-é
.21)(5$16,
*HQHWLN$OJRULWPDYH7HNLO'H÷HU$\UÕúÕPÕ7DEDQOÕ
<HQL%LU.ÕUÕOJDQ5HVLP'DPJDODPD
Veysel Aslantaú, MHYOWDo÷ru
g]HW—%X oDOÕúPDGD, Genetik Algoritma (GA) kullanarak
7HNLO 'H÷HU $\UÕúÕPÕ (Singular Value Decomposition - SVD)
WDEDQOÕ \HQL ELU NÕUÕOJDQ resim GDPJDODPD WHNQL÷L
JHOLúWLULOPLúWLU ÇRNOX |OoHNOHPH IDNW|UOHUL (scaling factors SFs) kullanarak GDPJDQÕQ KHU ELU VDWÕUÕ |OoHNOHQPLúWLU
2ULMLQDO UHVLP GH EORNODUD D\UÕOPÕúWÕU %X EORNODUÕQ WHNLO
GH÷HUOHULQH VLQJXODU Yalues - SVs) VÕUDVÕ\OD IDUNOÕ ELU GDPJD
VDWÕUÕ J|POHUHN GDPJDODQPÕú UHVLP HOGH HGLOPLúWLU gQHULOHQ
metotta, maksimum VD\GDPOÕNLoLQ|OoHNOHPHIDNW|UOHUL*$LOH
optimize HGLOPLúWLU 'HQH\VHOVRQXoODU maksimum saydamOÕ÷D
XODúÕOGÕ÷ÕQÕ J|VWHUPHNWHGLU 'DPJDODQPÕú UHVPH oHúLWOL
VDOGÕUÕODUX\JXODQDUDN da NÕUÕOJDQOÕNWHVSLWL\DSÕOPÕúWÕU SDOGÕUÕ
ROPDGDQ GDPJD ROGX÷X JLEL HOGH HGLOLUNHQ VDOGÕUÕ ROPDVÕ
GXUXPXQGDLVHJ|POHQGDPJDROGXNoDER]XOPDNWDGÕU
Anahtar Kelimeler—*HQHWLN $OJRULWPD .ÕUÕOJDQ 5HVLP
'DPJDODPD7HNLO'H÷HU$\UÕúÕPÕ
Abstract—In this paper, a novel fragile image watermarking
scheme based on SVD using GA is presented. Watermark of
every line is scaled by using multiple SFs. Host image is divided
into blocks. Watermarked image is obtained by embedding a
different line of watermark to SVs of the every block. In this
proposed method, the SFs are optimized using GA to achieve
maximum transparency. Experimental results indicate that
reached the highest transparency. Fragility detected under
various attacks. When an attack does not occur exactly the
original embedded watermark is achieved or else the
embedded watermark is intensely corrupted.
Index
Terms—Genetic
Algorithm,
Fragile
Watermarking, Singular Value Decomposition.
I.
Image
*ø5øù
AYISAL GDPJDODPD VHV UHVLP YH YLGHR JLEL VD\ÕVDO
YHULOHULQ NRUXQPDVÕQGD \D\JÕQ RODUDN NXOODQÕODQ
WHNQLNOHUGHQ ELULGLU %X WHNQLNWH DPDo ELU VD\ÕVDO YHULQLQ
GDPJD RODUDN EDúND ELU VD\ÕVDO YHULQLQ LoHULVLQH
JL]OHQPHVLGLU7HOLIKDNNÕQÕQNRUXQPDVÕYHULGR÷UXOX÷unun
LVSDWÕ GRNPDQ DUúLYOHPH GRNPDQD DLW ELOJLOHULQ
VDNODQPDVÕ YH GLMLWDO SDUPDN L]L NRUXQPDVÕ JLEL ELUoRN
LúOHPOHU LoLQ VD\ÕVDO GDPJDODPD NXOODQÕOPDNWDGÕU >@
5HVLP GDPJDODPD JHQHO RODUDN J|POPH RUWDPÕQD
J|UOHELOLUOL÷HYHNDOÕFÕOÕ÷DJ|UHVÕQÕIODQGÕUÕODELOLU>-4].
*|POPH RUWDPÕQD J|UH GDPJDODPD; resim ve frekans
X]D\Õ WHNQLNOHUL RODUDN LNL JXUXED D\UÕODELOLU 5HVLP X]D\Õ
WHNQLNOHULQGH GDPJDODPD LúOHPL GR÷UXGDQ RULMLQDO UHVPLQ
SLNVHOOHULQH HNOHQHUHN JHUoHNOHúWLULOLUNHQ IUHNDQV X]D\Õ
S
9H\VHO$VODQWDú(UFL\HVhQLYHUVLWHVL0KHQGLVOLN)DNOWHVLBilgisayar
0KHQGLVOL÷L.D\VHULTUNL\H(e-mail:[email protected]).
0HYOW'R÷UX0DOL\H%DNDQOÕ÷Õ0LOOL(PODN*HQHO0GUO÷, Bilgi
øúOHP
'DLUH
%DúNDQOÕ÷Õ,
Ankara,
TUNL\H
(email:[email protected]).
Proceedings/Bildiriler Kitabı
10
WHNQLNOHULQGH LVH $\UÕN .RVLQV '|QúP 'LVFUHWH
Cosine Transform - '&7 $\UÕN 'DOJDFÕN '|QúP
(Discrete Wavelet Transform - ':7YH69'JLELG|QúP
WHNQLNOHUL DUDFÕOÕ÷Õ\OD IUHNDQV X]D\Õ NDWVD\ÕODUÕQD GDPJD
eklenerek JHUoHNOHúWLULOPHNWHGLU >@ *HQHOOLNOH IUHNDQV
X]D\Õ PHWRWODUÕ ELUoRN VDOGÕUÕ\D NDUúÕ UHVLP X]D\Õ
PHWRWODUÕQD J|UH GDKD GD\DQÕNOÕ DQFDN ELU G|QúP
X\JXODQGÕ÷ÕQGDQ KHVDSODPD PDOL\HWL RODUDN GDKD \NVHNWLU
[2,5-7].
*|UOHELOLUOL÷LQH J|UH UHVLP GDPJDODPD; J|UQU YH
J|UQPH] VD\GDP RODUDN LNL JXUXED D\UÕODELOLU *|UQU
GDPJDODUWHOHYL]\RQ\D\ÕQODUÕQDHNOHQPLúORJRODUJLELLQVDQ
J|]\OHUDKDWOÕNODJ|UOHELOPHNWHGLU*|UQPH\HQGDPJDODU
LVH LQVDQ J|UPH VLVWHPLQFHDOJÕODQDPD\DFDNúHNLOGH VD\ÕVDO
verinin LoHULVLQH HNOHQHQ GDPJDODUGÕU *|UQU GDPJDODUD
J|UHGDKDJYHQOLYHGD\DQÕNOÕGÕU [2].
.DOÕFÕOÕ÷D J|UH GDPJDODPD WHNQLNOHUL GD\DQÕNOÕ NÕUÕOJDQ
YH \DUÕ-NÕUÕOJDQ ROPDN ]HUH o JXUXSWD VÕQÕIODQGÕUÕODELOLU
'D\DQÕNOÕ GDPJDODPDGD GDPJD oHúLWOL VDOGÕUÕODUGDn
ILOWUHOHPH JUOW HNOHPH YE etkilenmemelidir .ÕUÕOJDQ
GDPJDODPDGD GDPJDODQPÕú UHVPH EDVLW ELU LúOHP
X\JXODQGÕ÷ÕQGD GDPJD NROD\OÕNOD ER]XOPDOÕGÕU %X WU
GDPJDODU JHQHOOLNOH YHUL GR÷UXODPD DPDFÕ\OD NXOODQÕOÕU
<DUÕ-NÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPDGD LVH EHOLUOL VDOGÕUÕODUD PDUX]
NDOGÕ÷ÕQGD GDPJD EXQGDQ HWNLOHQPHPHOL, DQFDN LoHULN
GH÷LúLNOL÷L JLEL N|W QL\HWOL VDOGÕUÕODUD NDUúÕ GDPJD \RN
olabilmelidir [6,8,9@ .ÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPD \|QWHPLQGH
GDPJDODQPÕúUHVLPGHNLGDPJDLQVDQJ|]\OHIDUNHGLOHPH]
*YHQOLN DoÕVÕQGDQ GR÷UXODPD DPDFÕQD X\JXQ RODUDN GD
UHVLPOHU \HWNLVL] NLúLOHU WDUDIÕQGDQ GH÷LúWLULOPHPHOLGLU
%XQXQ LoLQ NÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPD \|QWHPL NXOODQÕODUDN
RULMLQDO YHULQLQ ER]XOXS ER]XOPDGÕ÷Õ KDNNÕQGD ELOJL
DOÕQDELOPHNWHGLU
SVD, X\DUODPDVÕNROD\ROGX÷XQGDQ damgalama dahil bir
oRN DODQGD JoO ELU QPHULN DQDOL] WHNQL÷L RODUDN
NXOODQÕOPDNWDGÕU /LWHUDWUGH IDUNOÕ \DSD\ ]HNk WHNQLNOHUL
NXOODQÕODUDN '&7 G|QúP\OH NÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPD
teknikleri [10-12], 69' G|QúP\OH de maliyet
fonksiyonu GH÷LúWLULOHUHNGD\DQÕNOÕNÕUÕOJDQYH\DUÕ-NÕUÕOJDQ
damgalama WHNQL÷L[13] JHOLúWLULOPLúWLU $\UÕFDKHUKDQJLELU
\DSD\]HNDWHNQL÷LNXOODQPDGDQ'&7WDEDQOÕ>@YH':769' WDEDQOÕ >@ GD\DQÕNOÕ GDPJDODPD teknikleri de
mevcuttur. OSWLPL]DV\RQ DOJRULWPDVÕ NXOODQDUDN JHOLúWLULOHQ
ED]ÕNÕUÕOJDQdamgalama metotlarÕ ve bu makalede |QHULOHQ
PHWRGXQNDUúÕODúWÕUÕOPDVÕLVH7DEOR,¶Ge YHULOPLúWLU
Bu oDOÕúPDGD gri seviye resimler LoLQ *$ NXOODQÕODrak
69' WDEDQOÕ NÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPD WHNQL÷L JHOLúWLULOPLúWLU
gOoHNOHPH IDNW|Uleri NXOODQÕODUDN VDWÕUODUÕ |OoHNOHQPLú RODQ
GDPJDQÕQKHUELUVDWÕUÕQÕQEORNODUDD\UÕOPÕúRULMLQDOUHVPLQ
KHU EOR÷XQ WHNLO GH÷HUlerLQH IDUNOÕ ELU GDPJD VDWÕUÕ
J|POHFHN úHNLOGH HNOHQPHVL\OH GDPJDODQPÕú UHVLP HOGH
HGLOPLúWLU Damga ekleme VÕUDVÕQGD |OoHNOHPH IDNW|Uleri en
\NVHN VD\GDPOÕ÷D XODúDFDN úHNLOGH *$ LOH EHOLUOHQPLúWLU
'HQH\VHOVRQXoODU VD\GDPOÕNYHVDOGÕUÕROPDGDQGDPJDQÕQ
20-21 September /Eylül 2013 | Ankara / TURKEY
6. ULUSLARARASI
%é/*é*µ9(1/éçéYH.5é372/2-é
.21)(5$16,
6th INTERNATIONAL
INFORMATION SECURITY & CRYPTOLOGY
CONFERENCE
B. Damga dÕNDUPD
SVD LOHGDPJDODQPÕúUHVLPGHQGDPJDoÕNDUPDLúOHPLnde
DúD÷ÕGDNLDGÕPODUVÕUD\ODX\JXODQPÕúWÕU
TABLO I
g1(5ø/(1 METOT VE /ø7(5$7h5'(.ø BAZI METOTLARIN
.$5ù,/$ù7,5MASI
.XOODQÕODQTeknik ve Algoritma
g]HOOLN
DCT
.ÕUÕOJDQ
.ORQDO6HoPH$OJRULWPDVÕ.6$
DCT
.ÕUÕOJDQ
3DUoDFÕN6U$OJRULWPDVÕ362
DCT
.ÕUÕOJDQ
GA, PSO, KSA, Diferansiyel
*HOLúLP$OJRULWPDVÕ'*$
.ÕUÕOJDQ
SVD
<DUÕ-NÕUÕOJDQ
GA
'D\DQÕNOÕ
SVD
.ÕUÕOJDQ
GA
<D\ÕPODPD
1) 'DPJDODQPÕúresim, EORNODUÕQDD\UÕOGÕNWDQVRQUDKHUELU
EOR÷D69'X\JXODQÕU
Aslantas vd. (2007)
Aslantas vd. (2008)
஽ௌ௏஽
8¶(m,n)6¶(m,n)9¶(m,n)T
‫ܫ‬ሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
Aslantas vd. (2009)
(6)
2) +HUEORNWDQJ|POHQGDPJDoÕNDUÕOÕU
Modaghegh vd. (2009)
ଶேȀெ ଶேȀெ
ܹ௜‫כ‬
gQHULOHQ0HWRW
ᇱ
ൌ ራ ራ ݀݅ܽ݃ሺܵሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
െ ܵሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ ሻȀ݇
(7)
௠ୀଵ ௡ୀଵ
JHUL HOGH HGLOPHVL EDNÕPÕQGDQ JHOLúWLULOHQ WHNQL÷LQ EDúDUÕOÕ
ROGX÷XQX VDOGÕUÕ ROGX÷XQGD LVH GDPJDQÕQ ROGXNoD
ER]XOGX÷XQXJ|VWHUPHNWHGLU
3) +HU EORNWDQ oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJD VDWÕUODUÕ ELUOHúWLULOHUHN
oÕNDUÕODQGDPJDW*) elde edilir.
ସ୒మ Τெమ
ܹ ‫ כ‬ൌ ራ ܹ௜‫כ‬
(8)
௜ୀଵ
II.
SVD TABANLI DAMGALAMA
SVD ile NxN ER\XWODUÕQGDNLELUA matrisi A=USVT olacak
úHNLOGHoD\UÕPDWULVLQoDUSÕPÕQDHúLWOHQHELOLU%XUDGDNxN
ER\XWODUÕQGDNL U ve VT ortogonal matris, NxN
boyutODUÕndaki S LVH N|úHJHQ GLDJRQDO PDWULVWLU .|úHJHQ
HOHPDQODUÕ GÕúÕQGDNL HOHPDQODUÕ VÕIÕU RODQ S matrisi, A
PDWULVLQLQWHNLOGH÷HUOHULRODUDNDGODQGÕUÕOÕU [5,6].
A. 'DPJD*|PPH
Orijinal resim (ILOHGDPJDQÕQWER\XWODUÕQÕQVÕUDVÕ\OD
NxN ve Mx2M (N>20ROGX÷XN¶QÕQda |OoHNOHPH IDNW|U
ROGX÷X YDUVD\ÕOÕUVD GDPJD J|PPH LúOHPLQGH DúD÷ÕGDNL
DGÕPODU X\JXODQPÕúWÕU Burada, Wi GDPJDQÕQ i. VDWÕUÕ I(m,n)
ise bORNODUD D\UÕOPÕú RULMLQDO UHVPLQ m. VDWÕU YH n. VWXQ
EOR÷XQXLIDGHHWPHNWHGLU
III.
*(1(7ø.$/*25ø70$NIN TEMEL YAPISI
ùHNLO¶GH|]HWOHQHQWHPHO*$>16@UDVWJHOHVD\ՁUHWLFL
uygunluk GH÷HUOHQGLUPHVL YH JHQHWLN RSHUDW|UOHU
VHOHNVL\RQ oDprazlama ve mutasyon) ELOHúHQinden
ROXúPDNWDGÕU %DúODQJÕoWD DOJRULWPD WDVDUÕPFÕVÕ WDUDIÕQGDQ
durdurma kriteri, maliyet fonksiyonu ve parametreler
EHOLUOHQLU 'XUGXUPD NULWHUL VD÷ODQÕQFD\D NDGDU GD
RSWLPL]DV\RQLúOHPLGHYDPHGHU
%DúODQJÕo SRSODV\RQX DOJRULWPDQÕQ EDúODQJÕFÕQda
UDVWJHOHVD\ՁUHWLFL WDUDIÕQGDQROXúWXUXODQVD\ÕGL]LVLGLU+HU
bir dizi, oSWLPL]DV\RQ SUREOHPL LoLQ PXKWHPHO o|]P
J|VWHULU 6RQUDNL DúDPDGD her bir dizinin uygunluk
GH÷HUlendirmesi, maliyet fonksiyonuna J|UH KHVDSODQÕU
%DúOD
1) Orijinal resim M/2xM/2¶OLNEORNODUDE|OQU.
ଶேȀெ ଶேȀெ
(1)
‫ ܫ‬ൌ ራ ራ ‫ܫ‬ሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
Rastgele sD\Ձretici
௠ୀଵ ௡ୀଵ
2) 2ULMLQDOUHVPLQKHUEOR÷XQD 69'X\JXODQÕU
ௌ௏஽
‫ܫ‬ሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
εȋǡȌȋǡȌȋǡȌ
%DúODQJÕoSRSODV\RQX
(2)
8\JXQOXNGH÷HUOHQGLUPHVL
3) %ORNODUÕQS(m,n) PDWULVLQHGDPJDQÕQVDWÕUODUÕJ|POU
ଶேȀெ ଶேȀெ
ସ୒మ Τெమ
‫כ‬
ܵሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
ൌ ራ ራ ܵሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ ൅ ݇ ‫ כ‬ራ ݀݅ܽ݃ሺܹ௜ ሻ
௠ୀଵ ௡ୀଵ
Seleksiyon
(3)
௜ୀଵ
dDSUD]ODPD
4) 'DPJDODQPÕúUHVLPEORNODUÕKHVDSODQÕU
஽
‫ܫ‬ሺ௠ǡ௡ሻ
= U(m,n)S*(m,n)V(m,n)T
5) 'DPJDODQPÕú
UHVLP
EORNODUÕ
GDPJDODQPÕúUHVLPIW) elde edilir.
(4)
Mutasyon
ELUOHúWLULOHUHN
Durdurma kriteri
ଶேȀெ ଶேȀெ
‫ܦ‬
‫ܫ‬ௐ ൌ ራ ራ ‫ܫ‬ሺ݉ǡ݊ሻ (5)
+D\ÕU
Evet
௠ୀଵ ௡ୀଵ
Bitir
ùHNLO1. *$¶QÕQWHPHODNÕúúHPDVÕ
20-21 September /Eylül 2013 | Ankara / TURKEY
11
Proceedings/Bildiriler Kitabı
6. ULUSLARARASI
%é/*é*µ9(1/éçéYH.5é372/2-é
.21)(5$16,
6th INTERNATIONAL
INFORMATION SECURITY & CRYPTOLOGY
CONFERENCE
Uygunluk GH÷HUL PHYFXW o|]POHULQ HQ L\LVLQLQ |OoP
LoLQ NXOODQÕODQ ELU GH÷HUGLU 6HOHNVL\RQ RSHUDW|U GR÷DO
seleksiyon fonksiyonunu yerine getirir. Bireyleri temsil eden
dizilerden X\JXQOXN GH÷HUL GDKD \NVHN ROan sonraki
QHVLOOHUHDNWDUÕOÕU
dDSUD]ODPD RSHUDW|U LOH UDVWJHOH ELUH\ oLIWOHUL VHoLOLU YH
\HQL ELUH\OHU ROXúWXUXOXU (Q WHPHO oDSUD]ODPD LúOHPL
HEHYH\QLQ UDVWJHOH VHoLOHQ ELU QRNWDVÕQGDQ NHVLOHUHN GL÷HU
HEHYH\QLQ D\QÕ NHVPH QRNWDVÕQGDQ VRQUDNL HOHPDQODUÕ LOH
\HU GH÷LúWLUPHVLGLU (EHYH\QOHUH X\JXODQDFDN oDSUD]ODPD
LúOHPLQLQ PLNWDUÕ oDSUD]ODPD RUDQÕQD crossover rate - CR)
J|UH EHOLUOHQLU 0XWDV\RQ RSHUDW|U UDVWJHOH ROPDN ]HUH
PXWDV\RQ RUDQÕQD 0utation rate - 05 J|UH ELUeyi temsil
HGHQ VD\Õ GH÷HUOHULQLQ GH÷LúWLULOPHVLQL VD÷ODPDNWDGÕU
*HQHWLNRSHUDW|UOHULQDPDFÕPHYFXWo|]POHULGDKDNDOLWHOL
X\JXQOXNGH÷HULQHVDKLSo|]POHUHG|QúWUPHNWLU>@
Orijinal resim
2ULMLQDOUHVPLEORNODUDD\ÕUPD
k
'DPJDVDWÕUODUÕQÕQJ|POPHVL
5HVLPEORNODUÕQÕELUOHúWLUPH
6DOGÕUÕODUÕQX\JXODQPDVÕ;dĞƐƚŝĕŝŶͿ
D
a
m
g
a
'DPJDOÕUHVPLEORNODUDD\ÕUPD
'DPJDVDWÕUODUÕQÕQoÕNDUÕOPDVÕ
IV. GA VE SVD TABANLI KIRILGAN DAMGALAMA
GA, EDúODQJÕoWD UDVWJHOH UHWLOHQ 6F’lere uygulanarak
VD\GDPOÕN DoÕVÕQGDQ RSWLPXP GDPJDODPD HOGH HGLOPLúWLU
%XoDOÕúPDGDJHOLúWLULOHQ*$WDEDQOÕGDPJDJ|PPHQLQEORN
GL\DJUDPÕùHNLO¶GHJ|VWHULOPHNWHGLU
*|PPH LúOHPL %|OP II. $¶GD YHULOHQ ELOJLOHUH J|UH
\DSÕOPDNWDGÕU 6DOGÕUÕ\D X÷UDPÕú YH\D X÷UDPDPÕú
damgalanmÕúUHVLPGHQGDPJDODUGD%|OP II. %¶GHYHULOHQ
ELOJLOHUHJ|UHoÕNDUÕOPÕúWÕU %XLúOHPOHUVRQXFXQGDoÕNDUÕODQ
ikili (binary) GDPJDQÕQ SLNVHOOHULQGH 6)¶OHULQ HWNLVL\OH
GH÷LúLPOHU RODELOHFH÷LQGHQ oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJDQÕQ SLNVHO
GH÷HUOHUL¶GHQGDKDNoN olanlara 0, 0.5 ve daha E\N
olanlara ise 1 atanarak yeniden ikili GDPJD HOGH HGLOPLúWLU
dHúLWOL YHUL GR÷UXODPD LúOHPOHUL LoLQ IDUNOÕ GDPJDODPD
X\JXODPDODUÕ NÕUÕOJDQOÕN WHVWL JHUHNWLUHELOLU %X oDOÕúPDGD
GDPJDQÕQ NÕUÕOJDQOÕ÷ÕQÕ WHVW HGHELOPHN LoLQ \HQLGHQ
|OoHNOHPH <2 G|QGUPH '1 JDXVLDQ JUOW ** ve
ortalama filtreleme (O) VDOGÕUÕODUÕ X\JXODQPÕúWÕU
'DPJDODQPÕúUHVLPOHUHEXVDOGÕUÕODUX\JXODQDUDNNÕUÕOJDQOÕN
WHVSLWL\DSÕOPÕúWÕU*HOLúWLULOHQPRGHOLQHVQHNOL÷LQGHQGROD\Õ
IDUNOÕVDOGÕUÕODUGDX\JXODQDELOLU
øNL ER\XWOX NRUHODV\RQ GH÷HUL corrI) sayesinde orijinal
UHVLP LOH GDPJDODQPÕú UHVLP DUDVÕQGDNL EHQ]HUOLN
VD\GDPOÕN DPDFÕ\OD GHQNOHP ¶GD J|VWHULOHQ ³%LW
'R÷UXOXN 2UDQÕ´ %LW &RUUHFW 5DWH - BCR) sayesinde de
RULMLQDO GDPJD LOH oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJD DUDVÕQGDNL IDUNOÕOÕN
NÕUÕOJDQOÕN DPDFÕ\OD KHVDSODQPÕúWÕU 'HQNOHPGH; Wt
RULMLQDOGDPJD\ÕWt* oÕNDUÕODQGDPJD\Õ MW GDPJDQÕQVDWÕU
simgesi ise lojik
VD\ÕVÕQÕ NW GDPJDQÕQ VWXQ VD\ÕVÕQÕ,
XOR RSHUDW|UQ J|VWHUPHNWHGLU BCR ROGX÷XQGD
J|POHQGDPJDWDPDPHQGR÷UXELUúHNLOGHoÕNDUÕODELOPLúWLU
[17].
BCR = ቀͳ െ ெ
ଵ
ೈ ௫ேೈ
ெ ௫ேೈ
ೈ
σ௧ୀଵ
൫ܹ௧
ܹ௧‫ כ‬൯ቁ Ǥ ͳͲͲΨ
(9)
Korelasyon ve BCR NXOODQÕODUDN |QHULOHQ maliyet
fonksiyonu denklem (10¶GD J|VWHULOPHNWHGLU %X GHQNOHP
sD\GDPOÕN YH NÕUÕOJDQOÕN LoLQ GXUGXUPD NULWHUL VD÷ODQÕQFD\D
NDGDU *$ WDUDIÕQGDQ PLQLPL]H HGLOPLúWLU 'XUGXUPD
NULWHULQH |UQHN, PDNVLPXP MHQHUDV\RQ VD\ÕVÕ YHULOHELOLU
Burada t MHQHUDV\RQVD\ÕVÕQÕfi ise i. jenerasyondaki maliyet
IRQNVL\RQXQXQGH÷HULQLLIDGHHWPHNWHGLU
௧
fi = ‫ܴܥܤ‬௜ୀଵ
െ ܿ‫ݎݎ݋‬ூ ሺ‫ܫ‬ǡ ‫ܫ‬ௐ ሻ
Proceedings/Bildiriler Kitabı
(10)
12
'DPJDVDWÕUODUÕQÕQELUOHúWLULOPHVL
W*
IW
.RUHODV\RQYH%&5LúOHPL
W
I
8\JXQOXNGH÷HUOHQGLUPHVL
6HOHNVL\RQoDSUD]ODPDPXWDV\RQ
Son jenerasyon
+D\ÕU
Evet
'DPJDODQPÕúUHVLP
ùHNLO. *$WDEDQOÕGDPJDJ|PPHYHoÕNDUPDQÕQEORNúHPDVÕ
V.
'(1(<6(/6218d/$5
*HOLúWLULOHQ PHWRGX GH÷HUOHQGLUPHN LoLQ damga olarak,
ùHNLO 3 D¶GD J|VWHULOHQ [64 boyutundaki orijinal ikili
resmin 32[¶OLk bloklar KDOLQGH VÕUD\OD DOW DOWD
\HUOHúWLULOmesiyle oOXúWXUXODQ ve ùHNLO 3 E¶GH J|VWHULOHQ
256x8¶Oik ikili UHVLPNXOODQÕOPÕúWÕU Kaynak resim olarak da
[ER\XWODUÕQGDNLùHNLO D¶GDJ|VWHULOHQ%DERRQYH
ùHNLO D¶GDJ|VWHULOHQ*HPLUHVLPOHULNXOODQÕOPÕúWÕUùHNLO
3 E¶GHNL GDPJD J|POHUHN ROXúWXUXODQ GDPJDODQPÕú
resimOHUùHNLO (b) ve ùHNLO E¶GH J|VWHULOPHktedir. Her
LNL GDPJDOÕ UHVPH GH KHUKDQJL ELU VDOGÕUÕ uygulamadan
oÕNDUÕODQGDPJDODULVH ùHNLO¶GDYHULOPLúWLU*|UVHODQDOL]Oe
de J|UOHFH÷L JLEL GDPJDOÕ UHVLPOHUGH YH oÕNDUÕODQ
GDPJDODUGD KHUKDQJL ELU ER]XOPD J|]NPHPHNWHGLU Test
DúDPDVÕQGD \|QWHPLQ VDOGÕUÕODUD NDUúÕ NÕUÕOJDQOÕ÷ÕQÕ |OoPHN
LoLQ <2 ELOLQHHU Æ128Æ256), DN (bilineer: 30), GG
ve OF LúOHPOHULX\JXODQPÕúWÕU6DOGÕUÕODUVRQUDVÕQGD%DERRQ
YH *HPL GDPJDODQPÕú UHVLPOHULQGHQ oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJDODU
ùHNLO ¶GH YHULOPLúWLU %X UHVLPOHUGHQ RULMLQDO GDPJD\D
J|UHoÕNDUÕODQGDPJDQÕQWDPDPHQER]XOGX÷XJ|UOPHNWHGLU
*$¶QÕQ NRQWURO SDUDPHWUHOHUL MHQHUDV\RQ VD\ÕVÕ 500,
seleksi\RQ úHNOL ³UXOHW´ oDSUD]ODPD úHNOL ³LNL QRNWDOÕ´
oDSUD]ODPDRUDQÕ mutasyon úHNOL ³G]HQOL´, mutasyon
20-21 September /Eylül 2013 | Ankara / TURKEY
6th INTERNATIONAL
INFORMATION SECURITY & CRYPTOLOGY
CONFERENCE
6. ULUSLARARASI
%é/*é*µ9(1/éçéYH.5é372/2-é
.21)(5$16,
TABLO III
6$%øT SF'LER ø/( 237ø0806)¶/(5ø13(5)250$16
.$5ù,/$ù7,50$6,
corrI
Baboon
BCR
1
100
1
99,6582
GA SF'ler
Gemi
Sabit SF'ler
Baboon
Gemi
(a)
(b)
ùHNLO3. (a) Orijinal damga, (b) 2OXúWXUXODQ\HQLGDPJD.
(b)
VI.
(a)
(b)
ùHNLO 6. 6DOGÕUÕ ROPDGDQ oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJD D 'DPJDODQPÕú Baboon¶GDQ
E'DPJDODQPÕúGemi¶Gen.
Baboon
Gemi
(b) DN
(c) GG
(d) OF
(a) YO
ùHNLO7. 6DOGÕUÕODUVRQUDVÕGDPJDODQPÕúUHVLPOHUGHQoÕNDUÕODQGDPJD
TABLO II
)$5./,5(6ø0/(5ø1.25(/$6<21VE %&5'(ö(5/(5ø
BCR
corrI
YO
DN
GG
OF
Baboon
1
100
56,1523
54,9316
56,1523
54,8340
Gemi
1
99,6582
56,3477
54,8828
54,9805
55,5664
20-21 September /Eylül 2013 | Ankara / TURKEY
1
42,1875
0,9983
93,7988
40
0,9938
88,1836
1
1
44,3359
20
0,9985
89,3066
40
0,9943
84,7309
RUDQÕ SRSODV\RQ E\NO÷ YH EDúODQJÕo
SRSODV\RQ DUDOÕ÷Õ GD >-15;15@ RODUDN VHoLOPLúWLU 500
jenerasyon
sonucunda
optimi]DV\RQ
LúOHPL
VRQXoODQPDNWDGÕU
*HOLúWLULOHQ *$ WDEDQOÕ \|QWHPLQ korelasyon ve BCR
GH÷HUOHUL 7DEOR ,,¶GH YHULOPLúWLU 7DEOR VRQXoODUÕ
LQFHOHQGL÷LQGH KHU LNL resimde corrI GH÷HULQLQ oÕNPDVÕ
PDNVLPXP VD\GDPOÕ÷ÕQ VD÷ODQGÕ÷ÕQÕ J|VWHUPHNWHGLU BCR
GH÷HULQLQ LVH VDOGÕUÕ X\JXODPDGDQ %DERRQ UHVPLQGH oÕNDUDN RULMLQDO YH oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJD DUDVÕQGDNL EHQ]HUOL÷LQ
ROGX÷XQX *HPL Uesminde de “99.6582” oÕNDUDN EX
EHQ]HUOL÷LQ ROGXNoD \NVHN ROGX÷XQX J|VWHUPHNWHGLU
6DOGÕUÕQÕQ WUQH J|UH BCR GH÷HUL “54-57” DUDVÕQGD
GH÷LúHUHNGHoÕNDUÕODQGDPJDQÕQROGXNoDER]XOGX÷XQXYHEX
WHNQL÷LQ NÕUÕOJDQ ELU GDPJDODPD ROGX÷XQX J|VWHUPHNWHGLU.
GA ile eldHHGLOHQVRQXoODUD\QÕ]DPDQGD ³1, 20, 40” sabit
|OoHNOHPH IDNW|UOHUL NXOODQÕODUDN NDUúÕODúWÕUÕOPÕúWÕU 7DEOR
II,¶GHNLEXVRQXoODUD g|UH6)GH÷HUL YHULOGL÷LQGH corrI 1
oÕNPDNWD IDNDW BCR ROGXNoD GúN oÕNPDNWDGÕU 6DELW 6)
GH÷HULQLDUWÕUÕQFDLVHcorrI GúPHNWHYHBCR GHEDúDUÕ
VHYL\HOHULQHXODúDPDPDNWDGÕU*$WDEDQOÕ\|QWHPGHLVHKHP
PDNVLPXP VD\GDPOÕN VD÷ODQPDNWD KHP GH VDOGÕUÕ ROPDGDQ
RULMLQDO YH oÕNDUÕODQ GDPJD DUDVÕQGDNL EHQ]HUOLN
NRUXQPDNWDGÕU
(a)
(b)
ùHNLO4. (a) Orijinal BaboonE'DPJDODQPÕúBaboon.
(a)
ùHNLO5. (a) Orijinal GemiE'DPJDODQPÕúGemi.
1
20
6218d/$5
%X oDOÕúPDGD, *$ NXOODQÕODUDN 69' WDEDQOÕ yeni bir
NÕUÕOJDQ resim damgalama WHNQL÷L VXQXOPXúWXU dRNOX
|OoHNOHPH IDNW|Uleri NXOODQÕODUDN |OoHNOHQHQ GDPJD UHVPLQ
KHU ELU VDWÕUÕ EORNODUD D\UÕOPÕú RULMLQDO UHVPLQ KHU EOR÷XQ
WHNLO GH÷HUlerLQH IDUNOÕ ELU GDPJD VDWÕUÕ J|POHFHN úHNLOGH
ekleQPHVL\OH GDPJDODQPÕú UHVLP HOGH HGLOPLúWLU gQHULOHQ
PHWRWWD UHVPLQ NDOLWHVLQL GH÷LúWLUPHGHQ RODELOGL÷LQFH
\NVHN VD\GDPOÕN LoLQ oRNOX |OoHNOHPH IDNW|UOHUL *$ LOH
HOGH HGLOPLúWLU Deneysel testler, GA ile optimize edilen
6)¶OHULQ sabit 6)¶\H J|UH oRN GDKD NDOLWHOL VRQXoODU
UHWWL÷LQL J|VWHUPHNWHGLU $\UÕFD orijinal resim ile
GDPJDODQPÕú UHVPLQ D\QÕ oÕNPDVÕ GDPJDODQPÕú UHVPLQ HQ
\NVHNVD\GDPOÕ÷DXODúWÕ÷ÕQÕEHOLUWPHNWHGLU.
.ÕUÕOJDQ GDPJDODPD WHNQL÷L VD\ÕVDO YHULOHULQ ER]XOXS
ER]XOPDGÕ÷ÕQÕQWHVWLLoLQNXOODQÕOGÕ÷ÕQGDQ, NÕUÕOJDQOÕ÷ÕWHVSLW
HWPHNDPDFÕ\OD YO, DN, GG ve O)VDOGÕUÕODUÕGDPJDODQPÕú
UHVPH X\JXODQPÕúWÕU 6DOGÕUÕODU VRQXFXQGD oÕNDUÕODQ
GDPJDODU LQFHOHQGL÷LQGH GDPJDQÕQ ROGXNoD ER]XOGX÷X
J|UOPHNWHGLU.
13
Proceedings/Bildiriler Kitabı
6th INTERNATIONAL
INFORMATION SECURITY & CRYPTOLOGY
CONFERENCE
KAYNAKLAR
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[14]
[15]
[16]
[17]
F. Hartung, and M. Kutter ³0XOWLPHGLD ZDWHUPDUNLQJ WHFKQLTXHV´
Proc. IEEE 1999; 87: 1079–107.
V. Potdar, S. Han, and E. Chang ³$ survey of digital image
watermarking tHFKQLTXHV´3URFHHGLQJVRIWKHUGLQWHUQDWLRQDO,(((
conference on industrial informatics (INDIN 2005), Perth Western
Australia, 10-12 Aug. 2005.
F. A. P. Petitcolas, R. J. Anderson, and M. G. Kuhn, ³,QIRUPDWLRQ
hiding—$VXUYH\´3URFHHGLQJVRI,(((–78.
B. L. Gunjal, and R. R. Manthalkar, ³An overview of transform
domain robust digital image watermarking algorithms´, Journal of
Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences, vol. 2, no
1, CIS Journal 2010-2011.
V. Aslantas, ³An SVD based digital image watermarking using
genetic algorithm´, International Conference on Information Sciences,
Signal Processing and its App., ISSPA2007, Sharjah, U.A.E., 2007.
V. Aslantas, ³An optimal robust digital image watermarking based on
SVD using differential evolution algorithm´, Optics Communications
282, 769–777, 2009.
D. Arya, ³$ Vurvey of frequency and wavelet domain digital
watermarking tHFKQLTXHV´ ,QWHUQDWLRQDO -RXUQDO RI 6FLHntific &
Engineering Research, vol. 1, iss. 2, Nov. 2010.
E. Hussein, and M. A. %HODO ³'LJLWDO Zatermarking techniques,
applications and attacks applied to digital media: A sXUYH\´
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology
(IJERT), ISSN: 2278-0181, vol. 1, no 7, Sep. 2012.
M. H. Hassan, and S. A. M. Gilani ³$ Vemi-fragile watermarking
scheme for color image aXWKHQWLFDWLRQ´:RUOG$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFH
Engineering and Technology 19, 2006.
V. Aslantas, S. Ozer, and S. Ozturk, ³$ Qovel clonal selection
algorithm based fragile watermarking mHWKRG´/1&6SS369, 2007.
V. Aslantas, S. Ozer, and S. Ozturk, ³$ Qovel fragile watermarking
based on particle swarm oSWLPL]DWLRQ´ ,((( ,QW &RQI RQ
Multimedia and Expo, Hannover, Germany, 269-72, 2008.
V. Aslantas, S. Ozer, and S. Ozturk, "Improving the performance of
DCT-based fragile watermarking using intelligent optimization
algorithms" Optics Commun., vol. 282, no 14, 2806-2817, 2009.
H. Modaghegh, R. H. Khosravi, and M. R. Akbarzadeh-T, ³$ QHZ
adjustable blind wDWHUPDUNLQJ EDVHG RQ *$ DQG 69'´
Innovations'09: 6th International Conference on Innovations in
Information Technology, Dec. 2009.
0 % $EXJKDUVD 0 $ 6XOODEL DQG $ 0 7DKHU ³'LJLWDO
watermarking enhancement for satellite images using a DCT
DOJRULWKP´ WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &RQIHUHQFH RQ ,QIRUPDWLRQ 6HFXULW\ Cryptology, Turkey, May. 2012.
0 $JR\L DQG ' 6HUDO ³$Q LPSHUFHSWLEOH ZDWHUPDUNLQJ VFKHPH
based on double density dual-tree discrete wavelet transform in
FRPELQDWLRQ ZLWK VLQJXODU YDOXH GHFRPSRVLWLRQ´ WK ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
Conference on Information Security & Cryptology, Turkey, May.
2012.
J. H. +ROODQG ³$GDSWDWLRQ LQ QDWXUDO DQG DUWL¿FLDO V\VWHP DQ
introductory analysis with applications to biology, control and
DUWL¿FLDOLQWHOOLJHQFH´&DPEULGJH0$0,73UHVV
S. C. Chu, H. C. Huang, Y. Shi, S. Y. Wu, and C. S. Shieh, ³*HQHWLF
watermarking for zerotree-based aSSOLFDWLRQV´'LJLWDO:DWHUPDUNLQJ
and Multimedia Security, Circuits Syst Signal Process, 27: 171–182,
2008.
Proceedings/Bildiriler Kitabı
14
6. ULUSLARARASI
%é/*é*µ9(1/éçéYH.5é372/2-é
.21)(5$16,
9H\VHO $VODQWDú (UFL\HV hQLYHUVLWHVL (OHNWURQLN 0KHQGLVOL÷L
%|OPQGHQ \ÕOÕQGD PH]XQ ROGX \ÕOÕQGD D\QÕ QLYHUVLWHQLQ
(OHNWURQLN 0KHQGLVOL÷L E|OPQGH $UDúWÕUPD *|UHYOLVL RODUDN J|UHYH
EDúODGÕ øQJLOWHUH *DOOHU .ardiff hQLYHUVLWHVLQGH =HNL 6LVWHPOHU ]HULQH
yaSWÕ÷Õ 'RNWRUDVÕQÕ \ÕOÕQGD WDPDPODGÕ. ¶GD LVH 'RoHQW QYDQÕQÕ
DOGÕøOJLDODQODUÕELOJLVD\DUODJ|UPHUHVLPLúOHPHELOJLVD\DUJUDILN\DSD\
VLQLU D÷ODUÕ YH ]HNL RSWLPL]DV\RQ WHNQLNOHULGLU +DOHQ (UFL\HV
hQLYHUVLWHVLQGHg÷UHWLPh\HVLRODUDNJ|UHYLQLVUGUPHNWHGLU
0HYOW 'R÷ru (UFL\HV hQLYHUVLWHVL %LOJLVD\DU 0KHQGLVOL÷L %|OPQGHQ
\ÕOÕQGD PH]XQ ROGX \ÕOÕQGD D\QÕ QLYHUVLWHQLQ %LOJLVD\DU
0KHQGLVOL÷L$QD%LOLP'DOÕQGD <NVHN/LVDQVÕQÕWDPDPOD\DUDN'RNWRUD
H÷Ltimine EDúODGÕ. SGK Bilgi 6LVWHPOHULYH*YHnOL÷L'DLUH%DúNDQOÕ÷ÕQGD
6LVWHP0KHQGLVLRODUDN¶GDEDúODGÕ÷ÕJ|UHYLQL, \ÕOÕQGDQLWLEDUHQ
0DOL\H%DNDQOÕ÷Õ0LOOL(PODN*HQHO0GUO÷QGHVUGUPHNWHGLU $\QÕ
]DPDQGD'RNWRUDH÷LWLPLQHGHGHYDPHWPHNWHGLU
20-21 September /Eylül 2013 | Ankara / TURKEY