Astakhov et al 2000, Russian arctic (in russian)

Transkript

Astakhov et al 2000, Russian arctic (in russian)
2000
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nocKo.irbKy oHH
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cnlonrrroii ,[rlnuu rra plrc. 1.
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t1re6"'t'rr':i Yc'f;[r{oBJlotll4caa;lerxHoii Koppe.rrflur{HpaJrHr]}Ibrx lvlopcKtlx I]ar{eK, coilep)Kalr{flx
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lj IIrt i()lll,tlx flrt'rilpr,r H Ita. J)eKiIXC)y.aen \1ope-K). IIo rrtreHuxr (;uerIHiliru(:,rarro rlnpKy\,r, i . r l r t j L r ; l 1 r . . iri,l ) . 1 | r -' !, , r t r ! ) \ , r t r ' r . l i( \ \ , r ' n ' I p ' 1 1 1 1 r 1n, ,' p
1 .1 , r r 0 t . n , t | r ' nnfllrr,j . r C [i ri . O l t c l r r . ; r 6 . c , l r ;
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lll.
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lreI{ollc'l'l)\'llpyK)'rctt ot'palluqeul{oro pil3Mepa paH}renaJAaiicKr4c rroApyArro-lloJrHrrn},teo3cpa c
|l)(Jtlllrtr,:r1IIe 6oJloe 70 ra, gpcrtltpoBaBiuilecfl e Apa"ro-liacrrrrii tepe: xoporilo nLy.ierrur,rii
T-vpraircxuil IIpoxoA (r ol'MerKaMll KopeHrroro iro)Ka oKoJ'roa0 u
1271.OgHarco rroxa He o6rraI)YXelI Ilopol'croKa llaJleoo3cpa KoNlu Ir Enponeficxofi Pocclnr [39]. Bnuay oTMeror( gro (tgIJ
l,F,
pefoBr,rx,rnnufi, He [peBbluarour,ux 110 M, MaJroBeportclt to>xur,tfi tsapl{aHT croKa ts 6acceiirr
Borru \epe3 Me)K,rypeqr,e c orMerKaMrr 130-140 u. tr{r'aeetcsBo3Mo)KHocrL paHHeBilrAaiicKoro (:TOKano/IfipyAnbrx o3ep R Ba-nrnr<y .repe3 6acceiiH p. OHerH. Tarx<e llo t'rcKJIXlqeHo,qro
0 ollJ)e(:HelllIf,tl!,1
paHrreBiutAi)ficrHe rro4npy/lHhte o3epa c[cTcrvrbI o3epa Kolrn <:clcjr,ttHfl,rl].lcb
'roMopcM B r,r3ocrargrrecKoM nl)ofn6e n4oll Kpat CKaIiAuHaBcKoI'o J-IeAHfiKolJofoIIoKpoBir,
rlla erqe HaxoA[Bruefocr ceoepr{ee flerep6ypra. Clegrr raKoro lloo'Ie3eMcKoro BoAoeMa KaK
6y4ro ttatte'rarcTcrr HeKoropr,rMI,I?IccJreAoral'ert{Mlr IIa 3atla.qe Apxartrelr'crcofi <t(t.lIacru u s
roro-BocroeHoft Kapenlil.r [511.
Cyrqcc'rneuulrM npo6eJroM .ffBJrflercrro'rcyrcrBrlc Ac'raJlbHoii 3irrluclt K-rItrMarI'IqecKllx Kore6aHufi B [ocJIeJreArrHKoBoMlrneftcror{ene. Pyccxo-rropBex(cKatl rpyrllla R Hacrolulee BpeMtr
rrr,rr.a"ercrno.rryqu'rb ec c rloMorrlr,rc f)ypewrfl Aourrbrx ocarKoR apKl'rl\lecKnx o:tcp. K co)Ka.rrerlalc),H3-3a 3aMe.q,rreHHoft
AcrpalarllrH Mcp'rBoro JrbAa r] paiior{ax tt',tnoii uclrtLroL'ur [301
paBrIKIuu,IX tl3el) tre IIpellbIIIIaer l3 tr,rc. .rtor) !I'ro
Bo:rl)rrc'rrroAanJrrK)ulero6oJIt,ItJLtrrcrtsa
cotAaeT Jro;,KtroeBneqaTJrcrrHeo MoJroAocTHIloG'rcA[CrO OJle/r(eilcilurtPyt:t:r<t-liiA1>x'rlrxlt.
Pti6ora BbrnorHcua npn rorrr/(eplKKe HopBexcKoro CoBeTa no HayKo (npoerxr Palacoenr , r i o r r i r r e r raLn r l C l i n t a t c H i s t o r y o f t l r e R , u s s i a n A l c t i c ) r i [ ' , r r l l t t r r l t ! r ' r i l ,liti o t . , r i i " , ' t i t i{ , r [ ) . ) t ' i ' : ' l
Euriisian Ice Sheets).
Surlnrary
. gc
t l s t r k l t o v V . 1 . , M a n g e r u r l J . , S u e n t l s e rJt . - 1 . L a t , e P l e i s t o c c n cg l l c i ; r l s 1 - s l l t t n si t r t l i t : l i t t r ; s i a . t rt r \ r { 1 i ( : a
lir,l . lrnirlr,rtrarrnlt.
G e n e r a l i z e dd a t a o f g e o l o g i c a l s t u d i e s o f t r a c e s o f t h e l a - q ti n i a n d g l a c i a t i o n i n t h e l l . r r s s i a n A r c t i t r a r e
presented. A spccial emphasis is on the latest results by international research projects. Thc amassed datzr
refute both popular maximalist and minimalist models for the l,ate Weichselian glacial and allow t<.i reconstruct only Early Weichselian ice sheets of rnoderate dimensions. The latter built up a contitrttous ice
dam ircross the arctic plains, diverting the drainage southwards. The older age (isotope stage 4) of the last
g l a t : i a t i o n o f t h e R u s s i a n m a i n l a n d i s p r o v c n b y n u m e r o u s r a d i o c a r b o r r a n d t , h c r m o l t r r r i i t t t r s r : o l t cdtat ' t i r r g s
z r n d f i n r l s o f P a l a o o l i t h i c a r t i f a c t s . S o m c l i n g e r i n g u n c e r t a i n t i e s i n d i r n e n s i o n s o f t l i e f o r t n e r i r ; r :s l t e e t ' s: r n r l
drainage pathways are also discussed.
Jlnreparypa
l. Caxc ,|3.H. Llernep'ru.rnr,rfi repuoA n Cosercxoil Apxtnre. "[,; M., 1953. 2. flxoe.nee C. A. Ocnocsl
r e o r r o l H x y e r B e p r H c n H x o r l o ) K e H u f i P y c c x o f t p a B r r n H l r . M . , 1 9 5 6 . 3 . f T t o c e o , t u dM . 1 . , " I a e p o a A . C . , I I o fiLonetrgo"4. M. Jle1ttuwoBas craAt{n MapxN4a-Berrur: 4noftxofi cep4>x l}apetrrleBa !'IeAHHKoBoroIrll'tt'a? /1'
\{arepua-,ru urr-(HorofnyecKnx HcGleAoBalrlrtfi.7974. Nt24. 4. Acrnaroe B. Z. l'eo;tors'recKxe AoKasa'roJlbc r B a L \ e l r r p a r r r e l l c r o q e H o n o r o o , r r e A e u c r r nul a K a p c r < o u u r e , r s $ e l l l \ o x t t . A t l C C C P . 1 9 7 6 . T . 2 3 1 , . r ' i ' 5 .
( t . A r t d l t r ' L : o t(t, ' .M . 3 u r p a H c K o oo , q c l ( e l r e n Hrer a c o n e p o O p e 4 x e f i O r r 6 u p n , i , t L l t z . ; \ F I ( l ( - l ( . l l ' . C l c p r c o l l l .
1978. ,\-'5. 6. Grosswold M. G. Late Weichselian ice sheets of Northern Euriuia i'7 Qrtillt:rtrary ll.Cscatch.
K o u r r { r r o l l l a - a b u u xu e " ' t t ' ( r o n . X l . , l { ) 8 i } . i t . l p l{)80. \,'ol. i3, N 2. 7, fpoceatad M. /'. Iloxpolrrbre JIeAHHKH
( . ) t L ) L t ) )t ,;
A., J[,t,t1t,ttt
ll0:]/|lll(]l.()tIJIefCT()l\cIli],HpalIHcf0fojl0I.lcHa
) r o . , r ! )nr r r . r e r n e p i r { n r r o r ' ( )I r e I ) r r o A a / f I o 4 p c 7 1 . t l - l \ 4 . I { .
4
IIytlttrtIlta.
l\1., 1987
9. (:lro;stL:tld M
(". I')xiltLt arrrl
s v s l c r r r , / l i r l . W . R . I ) e l t i t : r . N A ' f ( ) A S I s c r i e s . \ / o l . l l 2 . F J t : r h r r ,i l l 9 l ] . l O . l ) o t t x o s ) ' 1. . t \ . , l ' 1 ' t t r : < t t r t t t it 'tr/.l i
'l'potpgxtttl
C. Jt. O c'roKc rrpn,reAHuKoBbrx Boir\ Bo BI)eMq trocrc'ltnoro oreA,(ill{rlnlH i-lartagrtoii (.ln6u1rrt ,/,' 14 lr
AII CCOP. (-jelr. reor.p. 1978. Nt4. l]^. Grossuald M. G. Lale Wt:ic]iselian ice sheeLs itr Arctic antl P:i<:ifir:
'l'he
La^st ()reat Ice Sheets 7' Eds. (1. II. Derrton
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i r . ' l ' . . l . I l u g h e s . W i l c y , 1 9 8 1 . f 3 . B i r y u k o u V . V . , I " o u s t o u u M . A , K a p l i r t P . z 1. r : . a . ' I - h e p a l a e o g o o g r a p i r 5 '
zone of Eura-sia at the timc of the last glaciation 7',/ Palaeo. 1988. Vol. 68.
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g i s k a U n < l c r s o e k n i n g . S e r . C a 8 1 . 1 9 9 2 . 1 5 . P a : r s n r u e . r r a r r 4 u r a < p r o uI r K J l H M a l a C l e n c p H o i r F ) n 1 t : r ' l u u . I J o : ; , ( r t r t i i
C. A., Ar:rtoroa B H.,
peA. A.A.Be,rrll.Ixo.
M., 1993. 16, Aprunoa
rrrefilTorlcrr- rolor(e1. Bwrt. I llllort
pauHHTIH B MaKcHMyM IIol/(lie3btptltl('Kolo o-re3ana4rro-Cu6npcxofi
l J o t x o 6 I ' 1 .A . u l t p . f l a " , r e o r e o r p a r f t t
of Ar<:tit: Shelf and coastal
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itr*
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F
il
l,;j
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T. 494. 18. Atrrponoren Tafivr'rpa I PeL H.B.Knrr4, B.tl.Jleouon. M., 1982. 19. Mangertrd
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'
I
h
e
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Acmaxoa B. 11. flo:gnenreficroqerroBar o6c.ranonxa
'I'pylrl
ocaAKoHaKonJterlr{eB I{eHTpe 3ana,4noft Cu6upn
I4H-ra reo,roruu u reo$r.r:uxu CO AH CCCp.
II
1 9 8 9 . ' l ' . 6 5 7 . 2 2 ' K u x ) I { . B . f e o x p o t r o l o r ' f i r r [ o : ] A H e r o a H T p o r r o r e H ar r o H 3 o r o n H h r M
A a H H r , r M .M . , 1 9 7 4 .
23' Bucutrxtyt Io K., Cepoec A. K', TpoSu.uoe [].7. Ilorrre
4arrrrue o6 ycrroaxxx HaKorrre]rur KapfuHcKHx oTJloxeHqfi Ha ceBepe 3ana4nofi Ct6uplr
I I Bnt. Kolrsccr.rr.rrio H3yqeHHK]qerBeprqr{Horo nepgoAa.
1984 ff!53. 24. Boauroecruil B.Q. E4ovuue or!'rox(eHas 3ana4Hofi Cwlipu
f f Hovste panHrtrero neoxpoHonorHH qerBcprr{qHoro trepHolra / rlo.q pe.q. fl.-M.K.rlyHuNura.
M., 19g7. 25. fed,,}I.t,A. E., lopgmm B. E.
oltpc4e-':exue a6co,rrorttoro Bo3pacra r.{cKorraeMbrx
ocraTKoB MaMoHTaH tuepcrr,rcroro Focopora xc Reqrroft
M o p : r , ' r o f t 'cr n 6 u p u n p u n o M o r r ( Hp a l r n o a K T H B H o r oy r J r c p o A a( c t n )
llAox,r. AII cccp. 1964..I.. 154,.ffr6.
28' Acmaxoo B. H , Lltxt'eeor'I.JI. O Ro3pacre orreAeHeHHsHH3otsbeBErrNces
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'l'
2 8 3 ' - | f ' q 22 7 ' A s t a k h o u V . / . T h e l a ^ s tg l a c i a t , i o ni n W c s t S i b e r i a
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rpo6,relni rloirvlrponauux :1urerxefi pe"(IIKfouOro r"qel'Ieplloro JIbAiI fl coxl)alleHllrl H:lHarlaJILIIo.!l'/(HcrbIX wolteu
f f 14:n. I-c6r'p. o-sa CCCP. 1g77.
1 ' 1 0 9 , . l f ! 4 . 2 9 . C o n o u o m u n I J . H . l l c ' r p o r e r r e s n o A : l e M H b r x, r s . q o n .H o n o c u 6 N p c x , 1 g 8 6 ,
JO. Astokhou V. t.,
"
'
f
h
c
! s t t . t 1 t ' i t1c ,t 1
k : t t F I i l l " : a n e x a r n J r k ro f " r o t a r r l e c l c l e g l a c i a t i o n " i n S i b e r i a
/ / e t r a t e r n a r i , S c i e n r : eR . e v i r r w s l f ) 5 8 ! ' o i i : l l . A : ; t l k l t o ' r t t i . ! . , K u p l y u t s L o y o 1 " .A . , ' l ' o r r t o g r o d s k g V .
D. plerstoceireperrnafrost
of lVtrst Siberia a-sa do{brrirable glacier bed
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;1nr: iI , 1988 31i' furnullJlrnrH B. t!., tDopuott C., I,fnzoaatfccon O., Minnu E. Hoor,re
,laxrrlre 11ocrpat'urJrirrprtu Y(]TBep'rfttIIrHK()rJloj*ielrui.lSatraArroro no6t,pexrn noryocrpoBa Sluat
/l Lranrrejlurse HTorlr R
H l \ " l t l l l l I X ' I e ' l B t i t r JH
l ' I t i o r o i l t ) [ ) u o A ai l O C T I O u I ] LIIIea n p a B , ' I e H H H
q ( t u I e A O B a ] I Hnf i X X I I ] . : T e a . 4 O x : 1 . C I - I 6 . ,
l'}ir8'::i,1.[},l(iot:i)tlo,t.1':i(],lIl){iI1i.];r))f;l|tI}lrt'I'.71ri;Liicxllf
I l o ; 1 p e 4 E i .I l . C a x c a . \ { . , 1 9 6 6 . 3 5 . l ' l c o e e o J L " 4 . , K w d H . l , J . K B o n p o c y
o I r d M C p ; L Xc a p r a H c 6 o r o o r e AelIeHHt Ha ccBepo-:]anaAeCpeAHeft Culnpu 1/ tlernepruvHbre orreAeneHilaCpe4Hefi Cw6ipu
/ I1o4 pe4.
A A . B e r s ' r x < r , ' r l . ' r I . I 4 c a e n o f t ,M . , 1 9 8 6 . s B , M a r c e e a8 . M . , A p c n a n o e X , A . , f o p y m m
B.o. Boapacr'r,naMoHToB Cenepnofi 3ev;ru u HeKoropble Bonpocrr la.neoreorpaSr.rH nreficToqer:n
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H . l 4 z .k l i - a ,rn,l
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orJo)KeHut u pelse<f paBHuHHIrIxno6epex<xfi Llnuceficroro 3aJrr.rBa
H npu,reraoqefi qacr4 rop Buppanra.
M.'1966 4L'AadotoeusC.A.,BudtrcueeP.A.KaprxucxxeMopcKHereppacbrlraceBcpe3ana4uofiCu6rpu
{ npo6,rer'ta caprarrcKoro oreneHe:|.us
I I l4z:8. AH CCCP Cep. r'eorp. f bSa. Xt l. 42, IJIep A . B. MnexornTalotqHe u crpa'rurparlul n,'reficroqerla xpafirrero Cesepo-Bcrcroxa CCCP
u Ceoepxoft Auepuxx. M., 1gZl.
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43'
C. B. -Ili:ccoao-:re.qoa:r.a
$oplraqna Boc'o.{rofi Cu6upuB no3AHeMrrreffcroqeHc H roroqe'e.
M'1980 44'Quuelt3."4.,JleonoeE.H.,
ITunoaacxa.*M.B.nAp.lloc4rutrn,'reftcrorleHqegTpa-rb
v a t ; r r t C e n e p o - C H r r u p c x o fH
i u 3 M e H n o c r Hl / I 4 z s . A I t C C C P . C e p . r e o r p . 1 9 9 0 N 6 .
46. gnumetiu O.I-.,
['arnot]''t'tutt B. ll Jluro,roraq H yc-noBur o6pa:onalrHx \eTDcpruyuhrx
oTrroxeusfi B aocro,rr{oll (npunoao.
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lgg3. Nr L 46. I,ormon S. L.,
[ ' u h i t t s ] : i D . M i l l e r ( ] F ' -e . a P o s t g l a c i a l e m e r g o n c ea n d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f
late wcichselian ice-sheetloa6s iri
i i r ' ' t r r , r l r i t r 1 f l ; ; ; 1 " 1 r ':'r r r r lK ; l r ; r s e a s ,l i u s s i a , i r ' ( l o o k r g - v I. l ) { ) r . V O l .
2 3 , N 2 . 4 7 . L n r t d . u i k. !. y , [ ] o r u l t n t i kb
l i t t t c r l t r t e t l ' t l . a ' l h e l e u s tg l a , c i a lr n a x i r n u m o f S v a l b a r < 1a n 4 t h o B a r c ' t s
sea area: lce sheet exterrt an(l
. L r t i l l ! ' , r r r 'i;trr.r1t i , ' r { ) r r a t t : r n a 1 1S, c i c n t : t , R e v i r : w s .1 9 3 8 . \ r ' : 1 . 1 7 .
4 8 . 6 u c r . r f . C . , / { t : a x r n , o c uO . t r 4 .f 6 e i l c r o r r e _
i i l } , 1 J , ] i , i ) . | L l i i i ) ' , ( l H } I t l ] i . - L l 1 L , b l l ' ' . | t . l , i | t , j . ( I , r I | l L . v . l ' i l t i . i I ( , l { ' I I t l . , i ' i I l ' { ' { ) ] | { ] f } 1 ' l 1 i ; r r . ; . t t t i l t
ti
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i.].fr
rW
iffi
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49' Allrltnoc (l A , Borno:r M. P., I'ont6e,pm A.ll. x
2 1 p . I I o r : a t : 4 r r e eo r e A e H e H H eg f l u > x r r e u f l p r . r o 6 r e .
l { t r r r o c r t 6 N p c x ,1 9 7 7 . 5 0 , ' l p o u t q x r t r i C . , ? . ( J o n p e u e } r H r r f fa r r r r , r r " q s q u a , a H 3xMp:n r r v c c x x i l
o.rt:px. I\4., 1975.
5 L ' 3 y 6 a x o e 1 1 .A . [ I o s c i i r u n c o r J I o x ( e l l ] r r3 a n a 4 H o - C H 6 r . r p c K orfriu 3 M e r ' , o . t " . j l . ,
L g 7 ' 1 .s 2 . / l e " e s r n o e a g . [ 4 .
fIPuJlo.'lllart (il)o/ilanol]ill{ern rrrellctorqeua H ee B"qHrrruerra pa:lRr.rrueqeroBeKa
e CenelxrTlnuHcxriu 6acr:eiln.
u n K a p e ; r u H . I I e r p o : t a n o ; 1 r : r i1, g 8 2 .
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l ) e / \ a K t \ r . t r1o4 u a x l 9 9 g r .

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