Past Simple Nedir?

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Past Simple Nedir?
Onaylayan admin
Perþembe, 07 Eylül 2006
SIMPLE PAST TENSE
1.1 PAST FORM OF “BE”
POSITIVE SENTENCE NEGATIVE SENTENCE QUESTION SENTENCESI
He
She was at home last night
ItI
He
She wasn’t at home last night
ItI
he
Was she at home last night?
it
We
You were at home last night.
TheyWe
You weren’t at home last night.
They
we
Were you at home last night?
they
• Kate is here today, but she wasn’t here yesterday.
• I was in Canada last year.
• Were you in Istanbul five years ago?
• It is cold this week, but it was sunny last week.
• Where were you last Sunday?
• How was your exam?
1.2 FORM OF THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE
a) Affirmative ( Positive) SentencesI
You
He
She
It
We
You
Theyplayed football yesterday
studied English this morning
went to the cinema last night
Simple Past Tense olumlu cümlelerininde,özneden sonra V2 ( Fiillerin 2. halleri) kullanýlýr.
• I watched TV last night.
• The snow stopped a few minutes ago. Now the weather is nice.
• Linda came home very late last night.
• Last year I traveled to Japan.
• Hasan studied hard all year. He passed all his exams last week.
• Sally called the police yesterday because someone stole her car while she was at the supermarket.
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b) Negative Sentences
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
did not
didn’t
play football yesterday.
study english this morning.
go to the cinema last night.
Simple Past Tense olumsuz cümlelerinde, özneden sonra didn’t yardýmcý fiili ve fiillerin yalýn halleri( V1) kullanýlýr. V2
sadece olumlu cümlelerde kullanýlýr.
• I didn’t go to a movie last night. I stayed at home.
• Nick didn’t come to school yesterday.
• We didn’t have breakfast this morning.
• I went to a movie yesterday but I didn’t enjoy it.
• It didn’t rain yesterday.
c) Negative Sentences
Didyou
he
she
it
we
you
theyplay football yesterday.
study english this morning.
go to the cinema last night.
Soru cümleleri yaparken , did yardýmcý fiili özneden önce (cümle baþýnda) kullanýlýr. Fiil yalýn halde (V1) kullanýlýr.
• Did you sleep well last night?
• Did you see the postman this morning?
• Did Mary have a good time at the party yesterday?
• Did you make your own dinner last night.
• Did they understand the question?
• Did the children feed the birds in the park yesterday morning?
1.3 SPELLING OF -ED
END OF VERB ------- -ED FORM
RULE 1: A consonant + -e ----------- ADD -d
dance ----------- danced
erase ----------- erased
place ----------- placed
RULE 2: One vowel + One consonant ----------- Double the consonant and ADD – ed
plan ----------- planned
stop ------------ stopped
NOTE: Do not double w,and x
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snow --------- snowed
fix --------- fixed
RULE 3: Two vowels + One Consonant ---------- ADD -ed ; do not double the consonant
rain --------- rained
need --------- needed
RULE 4: Two consonants -------- ADD –ed ; do not double the consonant
help--------- helped
add ------ added
RULE 5: Consonant + -y---------CHANGE –y TO –i, ADD –ed
Worry --------- worried
Reply --------- replied
RULE 6: Vowel + -y -------- ADD –ed; DO NOT CHANGE -y TO -i
play -------- played
stay --------- stayed
1.4 IRREGULAR VERBS
TAMAMLANACAK……………………………
1.5 USES OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
a) Completed Action In The past
Simple past tense bir eylemin geçmiþte bilinen (specific) bir zamanda yapýlýp, tamamlandýðýný gösterir. Simple Past Tense en ç
bu amaç için kullanýlýr.
• I saw a movie yesterday.
• I didn’t go to work last Friday.
• Last year, I traveled to China.
• The World War II ended in 1945.
• She washed the dishes this morning.
b) A series of Completed Actions
Simple Past Tense geçmiþte yapýlmýþ bir dizi, ardýþýk eylemden bahsederken kullanýlýr.
• I finished work, went home, had a shower and went to bed early.
• He arrived from the airport at 9:00,checked into the hotel at 10:00, and met the others at 11:00.
c) Single Duration
Simple past tense geçmiþte baþlayýp ve bitmiþ olan bir eylemin ne kadar süre ile yapýldýðýndan bahsederken kullanýlýr. Eyleml
þimdiki zamanda bir geçerliliði kalmamýþtýr.
• I lived in Istanbul for 5 years, from 1990 to 1995. ( I don’t live there anymore)
• Jane studied Chinese for 3 years.
• We talked on the phone for 30 minutes.
• How long did they wait for the bus?
d) Habits in the past
Simple past tense geçmiþte düzenli olarak yapýlan ,fakat artýk geçerli olmayan eylem ve davranýþlardan bahsederken kullanýlýr
kullaným “ used to “ ile ayný anlamdadýr. Bu anlatýmlarda cümlelerde genellikle "often," "usually," "never,"
"...when I was a child" or "...when I was younger" gibi zarf yapýlarý yer alýr..
• My father took me to the Luna park every Sunday.
• He played the piano whenever he was at home.
• He usually worked at a restaurant after school.
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1.6 “BEFORE” and “AFTER” IN TIME CLAUSES
“Clause” içinde bir özne ve yüklemi bulunan bir cümle ya da cümlecik yapýsýdýr. Bazý clause ‘lar bütün olar
anlam içeren, bir tam cümle yapýsýndadýr. Bunlara main clauses ( temel cümle) adý verilir. Örneðin;
• “I ate a sandwich.” = a main clause
• “She played tennis” = a main clause
Bazý clause’ lar after, before ve when gibi zaman zarflarý (adverbs) ile baþlarlar. Bu clause’ lar temel cümle
deðildirler ve tek baþlarýna bir anlam taþýmazlar ; cümle yapýsý içinde zaman referansý vermek amacý ile kullanýlýrlar. Bu
clause’ lara time clauses (zaman bildiren yan cümle) adý verilir. Örneðin;
• “ before I went to school” = a time clause
• “after she finished her homework” = a time clause
Daha önce de belirtildiði gibi, zaman cümlecikleri ( time clause) tek baþlarýna tam bir cümle olmayýp,bir anlam taþýmazlar ve son
olaral temel cümle( main clause) ile birlikte kullanýlýrlar. Bir zaman cümleciði (time clause), temel cümlenin ( main clause) önünd
ya da arkasýnda kullanýlabilir. Bu kullanýmlar anlam farkýna yol açmaz.
• I ate a sandwich before I went to school.
ya da,
• Before I went to school, I ate a sandwich.
• She played tennis after she finished her homework
ya da,
• After she finished her homework, she played tennis.
Time clause (zaman cümleciði), temel cümlenin ( main clause) önünde kullanýldýðýnda, temel cümleden önce virgül kullanýlýr.
• After the children got home from school, they watched TV.
• Before we entered the cinema, we bought the tickets.
• I cleaned my room before my mother came home.
• After Sally ate dinner, she went to the library,
• Sally went to the library after she ate dinner.
1.7 “WHEN” IN TIME CLAUSES
Bazý zaman cümlecikleri (time clauses) WHEN ile baþlarlar.
• When I was a child, I lived with my grandparents.
• I lived with my grandparents when I was a child.
• When I heard a strange sound, I turned on the lights.
• I turned on the lights when I heard a strange noise.
Her iki cümleciðin de ( time clause and main clause) fiilleri simple past ise, when clause’ daki eylem once olmuþ
demektir. Örneðin:
• When the phone rang, I answered it.
First :the phone phone rang
Second: I answered it
• The children went their homes when the rain started..
First: The rain started
Second: the children went their homes
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