No.4: F No.4: FAUNA OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS

Transkript

No.4: F
No.4: FAUNA OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
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FAUNA OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
CONTRIBUTORS
Lepidoptera
Odonata
Freshwater fishes
Marine fishes
Herpetofauna
Tree-dwelling bats
Tree-dwelling rodents
Small mammals
Large mammals
by Dr. Ahmet KARATAŞ and Dr. Mustafa SÖZEN
by Dr. Ahmet KARATAŞ and Dr. Mustafa SÖZEN
by Dr. Hasan M. SARI and Dr. Ali ILHAN
by Dr. Murat BILCENOĞLU and MsC student Nilay AKÇA.
by Dr. Beytullah ÖZKAN and Dr. Serbülent PAKSÜZ
by Dr. Mustafa SÖZEN and Dr. Ahmet KARATAŞ
by Dr. Mustafa SÖZEN and Dr. Ahmet KARATAŞ
Dr Ferhat Matur, PhD student Faruk Çolak and MSc student Sercan Irmak also
contributed to the collection of small and large mammal data in the field. Dr Michael J. B.
Green reviewed and edited this report.
Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 4
i
This document may be cited as:
YMBP (2010). Fauna of Yildiz Mountains. A report prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by M.
Sözen and A. Karataş for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere
Project Report Series No. 4.
Other documents in this series of reports prepared by the Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project are as follows:
Land and vegetation cover, habitat and landscape mapping of the Yildliz Mountains, using satellite remote
sensing and GIS techniques. A report prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by S. Berberoğlu, C.
Donmez, O. Şatir for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project
Report Series No. 1.
Eco-hydrology of Yıldız Mountains. A report prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by Yusuf
Serengil for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report
Series No. 2
Flora of Yildiz Mountains. A report prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by N. Özhatay, E.
Akalin, Y. Yeşil, S. Demirci, N. Güler, and H. Ersoy for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz
Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 3.
Caves of the Yildiz Mountains and their fauna. Report prepared on behalf AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by
BUMAD (E. Çoraman, Y. Özakin, Y. Çelik, M. Döker, K. Kunt, and E. Özel) for the Ministry of Environment and
Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 5.
Diversity and distribution of birds in the Yildiz Mountains. Report prepared on behalf of AGRER-AgriconsultingAGRIN by Korhan Özkan for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere
Project Report Series No. 6.
A participatory approach to planning the management of the proposed Yildiz Mountains Biosphere. Report
prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by S. Alpan Atamer, Sevgi Gül and Okan Can for the
Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 7.
Resource management in the proposed Yildiz Mountains: a community-based approach. Report prepared on
behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by Francis Hurst for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara.
Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 8.
Identification and valuation of ecosystem goods and services in the Yildiz Mountains. A report prepared on
behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN by Dominic Moran for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara.
Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 9.
Social profiling of villages in the Yildiz Mountains. A report prepared on behalf of AGRER-Agriconsulting-AGRIN
by Dominic Moran and Axel Tarisse for the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Ankara. Yildiz Mountains
Biosphere Project Report Series No. 10.
ii
CONTENTS
CONTRIBUTORS ...........................................................................................................................................I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..............................................................................................................................1
ÖZET ..............................................................................................................................................................5
1.
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
2.
MATERIALS AND METHODS ........................................................................................................ 14
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
3.
ODONATA AND LEPIDOPTERA ................................................................................................................. 14
FRESHWATER FISHES ................................................................................................................................. 15
MARINE FISHES............................................................................................................................................ 16
AMPHIBIANS ................................................................................................................................................. 17
TREE-DWELLING BATS............................................................................................................................... 18
DORMICE ....................................................................................................................................................... 18
SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS ................................................................................................................. 18
SURVEY RESULTS ........................................................................................................................... 20
3.1
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
4.
ODONATA ...................................................................................................................................................... 10
LEPIDOPTERA............................................................................................................................................... 10
MARINE FISHES............................................................................................................................................ 11
TREE DWELLING BATS AND DORMICE.................................................................................................... 12
HERPETOFAUNA .......................................................................................................................................... 12
OTHER SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS ................................................................................................... 12
OVERVIEW..................................................................................................................................................... 20
MARINE FISHES............................................................................................................................................ 24
HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND TREE-DWELLING BATS .................................................................. 29
LARGE AND OTHER SMALL MAMMALS ................................................................................................... 30
DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................................................... 34
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
ODONATA AND LEPIDOPTERA ................................................................................................................. 34
MARINE FISHES............................................................................................................................................ 36
HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND TREE-DWELLING BATS .................................................................. 40
SMALL MAMMALS ........................................................................................................................................ 41
LARGE MAMMALS ........................................................................................................................................ 41
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................. 43
ANNEXES .................................................................................................................................................... 50
ANNEX 1:
ANNEX 2:
ANNEX 3:
ANNEX 4:
ANNEX 5:
ANNEX 6:
ANNEX 8:
ANNEX 9:
FAUNAL RESEARCH UNDERTAKEN IN YILDIZ MOUNTAINS PRIOR TO 2009 ................................ 50
METHODOLOGY -DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION OF SURVEY SITES............................... 53
INVENTORY OF FAUNA RECORDED IN PROPOSED YILDIZ MOUNTAINS BIOSPHERE ..................... 58
ODONATA - DISTRIBUTION, HABITATS AND IMAGES TAKEN IN YILDIZ MOUNTAINS................... 69
LEPIDOPTERA - DISTRIBUTION, HABITATS, THREATENED STATUS AND IMAGES TAKEN IN
YILDIZ MOUNTAINS...................................................................................................................................... 73
MARINE FISHES - THREATENED STATUS, COMMERCIAL CATCH RECORDS AND IMAGES FROM
COASTAL REGION OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS............................................................................................... 92
HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND BATS: THREATENED STATUS, COMMERCIAL CATCH RECORDS
AND IMAGES FROM COASTAL REGION OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS .......................................................... 98
SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS - TRAP RECORDS, THREATENED STATUS, AND IMAGES............129
iii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Thrace is the only region of Turkey that lies geographically in Europe, which is why some faunal
elements in Turkey occur only in Thrace. The Yildiz Mountains are among the most important
natural areas in Thrace because of their unique ecological features, such as longos (swamp)
forests and undisturbed mixed forests.
Due to the lack of comprehensive data concerning the diversity of Mammals, Reptiles,
Amphibians, Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) in
the forests and coastal areas of Yıldız Mountains, a field survey is essential for inventory and
management planning purposes. Thus, the aim of this survey was to examine fauna diversity
(except avifauna) in support of Biosphere management planning.
Field trips were undertaken between June and August 2009. The main focus of the fauna survey
was to cover different habitat types representative of the area proposed for the establishment of
the Yildiz Mountains Biosphere. Lepidoptera, odonata, fresh water fishes, marine fishes,
amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, tree-dwelling rodents, large mammals and tree-dwelling
bats were included in this survey.
Six main habitat types were surveyed for mammals and Lepidoptera, as follows: 1.) Longos
forests, 2.) agricultural fields, 3.) open areas inside forests, 4.) mixed forests, 5.) shrubs along
streams, and 6.) pine plantations. In addition, suitable habitats such as water courses, way sides
and grass areas were opportunistically checked for Lepidoptera. Small mammals were surveyed
in each of these habitats using approximately 100 traps, each set for 3-4 consecutive days and
checked daily. Transects within each of the habitat types were also walked in order to search for
mammals and their signs (droppings, tracks etc.). During the survey, habitats seen as suitable for
Odonata were searched and, as for Lepidoptera, specimens sampled were photographed.
Herpetofauna (amphibians and reptiles), tree-dwelling bats and tree-dwelling rodents were
sampled within 36 locations within the main habitat types. Nets were used to catch amphibians
in aquatic systems. In the case of tree-dwelling bats and dormice, live traps and mist nets were
used, respectively.
Freshwater fish were sampled at 28 sites (6 lakes and 16 streams) in each of the seven river
basins of the Project area, using a variety of nets and electro-fishing. Marine fish were sampled
by means of bottom-trawling in three locations offshore and also by skin diving.
A full list of species recorded within the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere, based on the
results of this survey and previous studies, is summarised in the Table below for the main
taxonomic groups, together with details of their threatened status. Key findings and
recommendations are given in following sections for each taxonomic group.
Odonata
Two species of damselfly and five species of dragonfly were newly recorded. None of the
damselflies and only a small number of dragonflies has been assessed with respect to their
conservation status. None is threatened but the Bulgarian Emerald (Somatochlora borisi
=Corduliochlora borisi), which is endemic to the Balkans, is Near Threatened. No species is listed
in Appendix-II or Appendix-III of the Bern Convention.
Odonata prefer aquatic habitats such as creeks, lakes, streams and wetlands. To protect such
habitats irrigation activities and dam building activities must be carefully planned and managed.
Also water bodies must be protected from pollutants such as sewage effluents and pesticides.
1
Table
Summary of species inventoried in the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere, based
on pre-2009 studies (see Kaya et al., 2009) and the results of the 2009 surveys.
Class
Vertebrates
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Freshwater fish
Marine fish
Total
Invertebrates
Lepidoptera
- Butterflies
- Moths
Odonata
- Damselflies
- Dragonflies
Order
Family Species Turkey’s fauna
species
Total
Yildiz
8
20
2
2
10
18
60
18
57
9
5
13
46
148
66
264
27
9
35
121
522
167
463
112
21
248
*170
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
7
6
9
5
5
117
75
42
34
12
22
5,182
405
4,777
115
43
72
40%
67%
24%
43%
14%
71%
Threatened
species1
CR EN VU
1
1
Bern Convention2 General Hunting
Commission3
Annex 2 Annex 3 Annex 1 Annex 2
1
4
2
4
5
2
3
11
33
180
7
5
13
70
8
3
7
4
183
26
47
225
83
187
73
2%
19%
1%
30%
28%
31%
*This is an approximate total number of marine fish species occurring within the Black Sea.
Lepidoptera
In the absence of any previous inventory for the Project area, a total of 42 species of moth and
75 species of butterfly have been recorded for the first time in the current study. The latter total
represents 66% of butterfly species recorded in Kirklareli Province. None of the 117 species of
Lepidoptera has been evaluated with respect to their conservation status, with the exception of
the Large Copper (Lycena dispar), which is at Lower Risk. No species is listed in Appendix-II or
Appendix-III of the Bern Convention.
Lepidoptera especially prefer open areas inside the forest, meadows and open areas along the
ways, creeks and streams. Such areas should be protected and, in particular, open areas inside
forests should not be re-afforested.
Freshwater fishes
Six species were newly recorded for the first time as follows: Alosa caspia, Knipowitschia
caucasica, Lepomis gibbosus, Liza aurata, Neogobius eurycephalus and Oncorhynchus mykiss. Of
the 35 species inventoried, two species are Vulnerable, Crimea barbel (Barbus tauricus
escherichi) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and seven species are listed in Appendix III of
the Bern Convention.
Key findings from the survey of 28 sites are as follows:

Cyprinidae is the most diverse family with 14 taxa, followed by Gobiidae with 7 taxa.

Species diversity within the 7 stream basins surveyed, in order of importance, is Bulanık
Stream (with 18 species), Yavuz Stream (17), Rezve River (15), Pabuç Stream (13)
Çavuşköprü Stream (12), Kazan Stream (7) and Şahin Stream (5).

Barbus tauricus escherichi is the most widely distributed species (recorded at 16 stations),
followed by Phoxinus phoxinus (15), Alburnus chalcoides and Squalius cephalus (10),
Alburnoides bipunctatus and Gobio gobio (9) and Salmo trutta (7 stations). Other species
exist in one or a few stations.
2

The main threats to freshwater fish are water transfer schemes, domestic sewage
(especially in tourist areas) and alien species (e.g. Oncorhynchus mykiss, Carassius gibelio,
Gambusia affinis and Lepomis gibbosus) entering aquatic systems.
Marine fishes
Kirklareli Province has 60 km of coastline, all of which lies within the proposed Yildiz Mountains
Biosphere. Although it constitutes only 4.3% of the entire Turkish Black Sea coast, the local
ichthyofauna is rich and requires appropriate management measures to protect biodiversity and
sustain its utilisation as a fishery.
Three species were recorded for the first time within the coastal waters just offshore from the
Project area, namely Parablennius incognitus, P. zvonimiri and Salaria pavo, all of which are
considered to be nationally Vulnerable (Fricke, 2007). They have not been previously recorded
from Turkish Thrace. Of the 121 species of marine fish recorded during this survey, one species
is Critically Endangered (angel shark, Squatina squatina), four are Endangered (three sturgeon
fishes, Acipenser nudiventris, A. gueldenstaedtii, A. stellatus and beluga, Huso huso) and three are
Vulnerable (piked dogfish, Squalus acanthias, Gymnura altavela and Alosa immaculate) at global
level; and 54 species are nationally threatened. Eleven species are listed in Annexes II and III of
the Bern Convention.
The only non-indigenous species recorded off the Kirklareli coast is the Pacific mullet (Liza
haematocheila). This species feeds on small bottom-living organisms and, thus, does not appear
to compete with native grey mullet. It is caught by local fishermen from Kirklareli but has
low/moderate commercial value.
Commercial fishery activities off the Kirklareli coast are concentrated on a few species: turbot,
red mullet and whiting are fished by bottom trawlers; and Atlantic bonito, bluefish and anchovy
are main species caught in purse-seine nets. Since several schooling fish species migrate (in
counter-clockwise direction) from the northern Black Sea to Turkish coasts, huge numbers of
fishery vessels equipped with hi-tech instruments congregate around the ports of Kirklareli at
the beginning of the fishing season. Signs of overfishing are evident, with sharp declines in the
population of highly esteemed turbot and Atlantic bonito reported by fishermen and
substantiated by the official fishery statistics. For example, Atlantic bonito production decreased
almost 20-fold from 30,000 tonnes in 2005 to 1,500 tonnes in 2007.
The coastal waters of Kirklareli have been overlooked with respect to ichthyological research.
Concrete data are required to regulate local fisheries and the population dynamics of highly
commercial species should be studied, in order to determine maximum sustainable yields and
permissible off takes. The minimum landing sizes given in the official Fishery Bulletin should
also be revised accordingly in the light of scientific research results. Special emphasis should be
given to research on threatened species, especially for those commercially exploited, to inform
the development of appropriate conservation policies and other measures.
Amphibians and Reptiles
No species of amphibian or reptile was newly recorded from within the Project area; and none is
threatened, although four reptile species are Near Threatened. Eight and 13 species of
amphibians and reptiles, respectively, are listed in Annexes II and III of the Bern Convention.
The main threats that need to be addressed are as follows:

Removal of old, especially hole-bearing trees, negatively impacts all faunal elements. In
particular, some snakes and lizards reside or shelter in or under fallen, rotting trees. Thus,
places where forestry activities are not taking place should be protected from disturbance.

Both spur-thighed and Herman tortoises (Testuda greaca and T. hermanni), as well as
marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) are collected from the region and exported, despite their
protection under the provisions of the Bern Convention (Annexes II and III). Proper
enforcement measures are required to control such illegal activities.
3

Damming of streams that flow into the Black Sea in order to provide drinking water for
Istanbul not only negatively affects Longos forests fed by these streams but also the
reduced water flows in these streams threatens aquatic life, including amphibians, water
snakes and fishes.
Mammals
One mammal, Gunther’s vole (Microtus guentheri) was recorded for the first time within the
Project area. Four of the 66 mammal species are Vulnerable: marbled polecat (Vormela
peregusna) and three species of bats, Rhinolophus euryale, Rhinolophus mehelyi, and Myotis capaccinii.
The otter (Lutra lutra) is Near Threatened. Seven species are listed in Annexes II and 13 species
in Annex III of the Bern Convention.
The blind mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon, was excluded from the mammal inventory for the
proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere since no new records were obtained during the survey. It
is thought that previous records may have resulted from misinterpretation of mole burrows,
Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) was also excluded in the absence of any new
records in recent decades.
Trapping proved to be a moderately effective means of generating information on small
mammal species diversity and abundance in different habitats, with an overall success rate of
19%.. Longos forest was by far the richest habitat for small mammals, based on a 46% rate of
trapping, followed by open forest and streams with an understory of shrubs, and then pine
plantation. Least productive in terms of small mammals is agricultural field. The higher
productivity of pine plantation versus mixed forest with respect to small mammals is surprising,
especially since pine forest does not occur naturally in Turkish Thrace. This warrants further
investigation, especially given the small sample size.
No specific threats were identified with respect to small mammals. The main threat to large
mammals, such as roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus), is illegal
hunting. C. elaphus sometimes crosses from the Bulgarian side of the border into Turkey but only
a few ever return because of hunting on the Turkish side. Thus, protection from hunting is a prerequisite to the re-establishment of healthy breeding populations. It is also important to
maintain a mosaic of open and closed canopy forest as open areas are important as grazing and
rutting grounds.
In summary, the proposed Yildiz Mountains Biosphere supports an important and diverse fauna,
representing 40% or more of Tureky’s mammal and amphibian species and 70% of the Black
Sea’s marine fishes. Protection from over-exploitation by hunting, fishing and collection for the
wildlife trade, along with water damming and water transfer schemes, and inappropriate forest
management practices are the key threats that need to be addressed.
4
ÖZET
Trakya Bölgesi Türkiye’nin Avrupa’daki tek parçasıdır. Bu yüzden Türkiye’deki bazı fauna
elemanları sadece Trakya’da bulunmaktadır. Trakya’daki Yıldız Dağları Bölgesi, subasar
ormanları ve bozulmamış ormanları gibi eşsiz ekolojik özelliklere sahip olması bakımından
Trakya’daki en önemli doğal alanlardan birisidir.
Yıldız Dağları ormanlık ve sahil alanlarında memeliler, sürüngenler, amfibiler, balıklar,
mayısböcekleri, kelebekler hakkında ayrıntılı verilerin eksik olmasından dolayı envanter
hazırlamak amacıyla ve yönetim planlaması amaçlarıyla arazi çalışmaları yapılması
kaçınılmazdı.
Arazi çalışmaları Temmuz ve Ağustos 2009 arasında yapıldı. Arazi çalışmalarında başlıca, Yıldız
Dağları Biyosferinin oluşturulması için önerilen alanın temsilcisi olan farklı habitat tiplerine
odaklanıldı. Bu çalışmada lepidopterler, odonatlar, tatlısu balıkları, deniz balıkları, amfibiler,
sürüngenler, küçük memeliler, ağaçta yaşayan kemiriciler, büyük memeliler ve ağaçta yaşayan
yarasalar değerlendirildi.
Lepidopterler ve memelier için başlıca altı temel habitat tipi çalılışdı, bu habitat tipleri şunlardır:
1.) Longos olarak adlandırılan subasar ormanlar, 2.) Tarım alanları, 3.) orman içi açıklıklar, 4.)
Karışık ormanlar, 5.) Dereler boyunca uzanan çalılıklar, 6.) Çam ekim alanları. İlave olarak, arazi
çalışması süresince dere yatakları, yol kenarları ve çayırlıklar gibi alanlar da lepidopter
örneklerini belirlemek için tesadüfî olarak kontrol edildi. Küçük memeliler her habitat tipinde
yaklaşık 100 kapan kullanılarak çalışıldı. Kapanlar 3-4 ardışık gün kuruldu ve günlük olarak
kontrol edildi. Her habitat tipi içinde belirlenen transektler boyunca yüründü ve memeliler ve
bunlara ait izler (dışkılar, izler vb.) araştırıldı. Arazi çalışması boyunca Lepidoptera’da olduğu
gibi Odonata için uygun görülen habitatlar da araştırıldı ve gözlenen örnekler fotoğraflandı.
Herpetofauna (amfibiler ve sürüngenler), ağaçlarda yaşayan yarasalar ve ağaçlarda yaşayan
kemiriciler başlıca habitat tiplerindeki 36 lokaliteden örneklendi. Sucul ortamlarda amfibi
örneklerini yakalamak için ağlar kullanıldı. Ağaç yarasaları ve ağaç kemiricilerini yakalamak için
ise sırasıyla canlı yakalama kapanları ve yarasa ağı kullanıldı.
Tatlısu balıkları, proje alanındaki 7 nehir sisteminde yer alan 28 alandan (6 göl ve 16 akarsu)
çeşitli tiplerdeki ağlar ve elektroşoker ile örneklendi. Deniz balıkları ise açıkta dip tirolü ağları,
sahile yakın kesimlerde ise tüpsüz dalışlarla örneklendi.
Önerilen Yıldız Dağları Biyosferinden kaydedilen türlerin, bu çalışmaya ve literatür taramasına
dayanarak hazırlanan, bütün bir listesi aşağıdaki tabloda büyük taksonomik gruplar altında
tehlike durumlarına ait detaylar ile birlikte özetlendi. Alttaki bölümlerde anahtar niteliğindeki
bulgular ve öneriler her bir taksonomik grup için verildi.
Odonata
Mayıs böceklerinin 2 türü ve ejder böceklerinin 5 türü ilk kez kaydedildi. Mayıs böceklerinin hiç
birisi koruma statülerine göre değerlendirilmemiş, ejder böceklerinin ise sadece az sayıda türü
değerlendirilmiş durumdadır. Balkanlara endemik ve Near Threatened (NT) olarak listelenmiş
olan Somatochlora borisi =Corduliochlora borisi dışında hiçbir tür tehlike kategorilerinde yer
almamaktadır. Hiçbir tür Bern Sözleşmesi Ek-II veya Ek-III listelerinde yer almamaktadır.
Odonatlar dereler, göller, akarsular ve sulak alanlar gibi sucul ortamları tercih ederler. Bu tip
habitatları korumak için sulama faaliyetleri ve baraj yapımı gibi etkinliklerin çok dikkatli bir
şekilde planlanması ve yönetilmesi zorunludur. Ayrıca su kaynaklarının foseptik atıklardan ve
korunması zorunludur.
5
Tablo
Yıldız Dağları Biyosferinde belirlenen türlerin özeti, bu liste 2009 öncesi çalışmalara
(bkz Kaya et al., 2009) ve 2009 yılında yapılan arazi çalışmalarının sonuçlarına
dayanmaktadır.
Class
Takım Aile
Omurgalılar
Memelier
Kuşlar
Sürüngenler
Amfibiler
Tatlısu balıkları
Deniz balıkları
Toplam
Omurgasızlar
Lepidoptera
- Butterflies
- Moths
Odonata
- Damselflies
- Dragonflies
Tür
Türkiye faunası Threatened
Bern Sözleşmesi2 Merkez Av
türleri
species1
Komisyonu3
Toplam Yildiz CR EN VU
Ek 2
Ek 3
Ek 1
Ek 2
8
20
2
2
10
18
60
18
57
9
5
13
46
148
66
264
27
9
35
121
522
167
463
112
21
248
*170
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
7
6
9
5
5
117
75
42
34
12
22
5,182
405
4,777
115
43
72
%40
%67
%24
%43
%14
%71
1
1
1
4
2
4
5
2
3
11
33
180
7
5
13
70
8
3
7
4
183
26
47
225
83
187
73
2%
19%
1%
30%
28%
31%
* Bu sayı Karadeniz’de görülen deniz balığı türlerinin yaklaşık toplam sayısıdır.
Lepidoptera
Proje alanında daha önce yapılan bir çalışma bulunmaması durumunda 42 güve ve 75 kelebek
türü proje alanından ilk kez bu çalışmada kaydedildi. Çalışma alanından kaydedilen toplam tür
sayısı Kırklareli’nden kaydedilen tür sayısının % 66’sını oluşturmaktadır. Kaydedilen 117
Lepidopter türünden, Düşük Risk kategorisinde bulunan Lycena dispar hariç, hiç birisi koruma
kriterleri bakımından değerlendirilememektedir. Hiçbir tür Bern Sözleşmesi Ek-II veya Ek-III
listelerinde yer almamaktadır.
Lepidopterler özellikle orman içi açıklıklar, çayırlar ile yollar, dereler ve nehirler boyunca
görülen açık alanları tercih eder. Bu tür alanlar korunmalı ve özellikle orman içi açıklıklar
ağaçlandırılmadan bırakılmalıdır.
Tatlısu balıkları
Tatlusu balıkların altı tür ilk defa kaydedildi, bunlar şunlardır: Alosa caspia, Knipowitschia
caucasica, Lepomis gibbosus, Liza aurata, Neogobius eurycephalus ve Oncorhynchus mykiss..
Kaydedilen 35 türden iki tür (Barbus tauricus escherichi ve Cyprinus carpio) VU kategorisindedir,
ve yedi tür Bern Sözleşmesi Ek-III listesinde yer almaktadır.
Alnada çalışılan 28 lokaliteye göre elde edilen anahtar bulgular şöyledir:

Cyprinidae 14 takson ile en yaygın familyadır, bunu 7 takson ile Gobiidae takip etmektedir.

Çalışılan 7 akarsu havzasının tür çeşitliliği önem sırasına göre şöyledir: Bulanık Deresi (18
tür), Yavuz Deresi (17), Rezve Deresi (15), Pabuç Deresi (13) Çavuşköprü Deresi (12),
Kazan Deresi (7) ve Şahin Deresi (5).

Barbus tauricus escherichi en yaygın türdür (16 istasyondan kaydedildi), bunu sırası ile
Phoxinus phoxinus (15), Alburnus chalcoides and Squalius cephalus (10), Alburnoides
bipunctatus ile Gobio gobio (9) ve Salmo trutta (7 stations) takip etmektedir. Diğer türler
sadece bir veya birkaç istasyondan kaydedildi.
6

Tatlısu balıkları için başlıca tehditler su taşıma etkinlikleri, evsel atıksular (özellikle
turistik alanlarda) ve sucul sistemlere yabancı türlerdir (ör. Oncorhynchus mykiss,
Carassius gibelio, Gambusia affinis ve Lepomis gibbosus).
Deniz Balıkları
Kırklareli ili, tamamı Yıldız Dağları Biyosfer projesi kapsamında bulunan 60 km’lik kıyı şeridine
sahiptir. Her ne kadar Türkiye’nin Karadeniz kıyılarının sadece %4.3’lük kısmını oluşturuyor
olsa da, bölgesel balık faunası oldukça zengin olup biyoçeşitliliğin korunması ve bu kaynakların
balıkçılık açısından sürdürebilirliğinin sağlanması amacıyla gerekli önlemlerin alınması
gereklidir.
Proje alanının kıyısal sularında, hepsi ulusal ölçekte “hassas” olarak tanımlanan (Fricke ve diğ.,
2007) üç tür (Parablennius incognitus, P. zvonimiri ve Salaria pavo) ilk defa rapor edilmiştir. Söz
konusu türlerin, Türkiye’nin Trakya kıyılarından daha önce kaydı bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma
esnasında rapor edilen toplam 121 deniz balığından global ölçekte bir tür “kritik” (keler,
Squatina squatina), dört tür “tehlikede” (mersin balıkları, Acipenser nudiventris, A.
gueldenstaedtii, A. stellatus ve Huso huso), ve üç tür “hassas” (mahmuzlu camgöz, Squalus
acanthias; kazıkuyruk, Gymnura altavela ve tirsi, Alosa immaculata) olarak, 54 tür ise ulusal
ölçekte tehlike altında olarak tanımlanmıştır. Toplam 11 tür, Bern sözleşmesinin Ek II ve Ek III
kapsamında listelenmiştir.
Kırklareli kıyılarında gözlenebilen tek yabancı balık türü, Rus kefali’dir (Liza haematocheila). Bu
türün beslenme rejimi daha çok küçük dip omurgasızları üzerine olduğundan, yerli kefal
türleriyle rekabete girdiği düşünülmemektedir.
Bölge balıkçıları tarafından Kırklareli
kıyılarından yakalanan Rus kefalleri sadece düşük veya orta derecede ekonomik değer arz
etmektedir.
Bölgedeki balıkçılık faaliyetleri az sayıda tür üzerine yoğunlaşmış olup kalkan, barbun ve mezgit
dip trolü ile, palamut, lüfer ve hamsi ise gırgır ağlarıyla avlanan başlıca türlerdir. Sürü oluşturan
balıkların büyük kısmı, Karadeniz’deki göçleri esnasında saatin ters yönü istikamette hareket
ettiklerinden, av sezonun başlamasıyla birlikte Kırklareli kyılarına başka limanlardan çok sayıda
ve yüksek teknolojiye sahip tekne gelmektedir. Çalışma sahasındaki aşırı avcılık olgusu son
derece belirgin olup, özellikle kalkan ve palamut gibi yüksek ekonomik değer arz eden türlerdeki
ciddi azalışlar, resmi balıkçılık istatistiklerine de yansımıştır. Örneğin yıllık palamut üretim
miktarı 2005 yılında 30,000 ton iken bu rakam 2007 yılında 1,500 tona kadar düşmüştür.
Kırklareli kıyıları, ihtiyolojik araştırmalar açısından son derece ihmal edilmiş bir bölge
konumundadır. Lokal balıkçılığın düzenlenebilmesi ve maksimum kalıcı ürünün
saptanabilmesinde, özellikle yüksek ekonomik öneme sahip ticari türlerin populasyon
dinamikleri hakkında somut veriye ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Su Ürünleri Tebliğ’lerindeki en küçük
avlanma boyu verilerinin, mutlaka bilimsel araştırma sonuçlarına göre düzenlenmesi
gerekmektedir. Nesli tehlike altında bulunan türler (ve bunlar arasından ticari önem arz
edenler) hakkındaki bilimsel çalışmalara ağırlık verilmesi, alınması gereken tedbirlerin ve
koruma önlemlerinin belirlenebilmesi açısından önemlidir.
Amfibiler ve Sürüngenler
Proje alanında amfibilerden ve sürüngenlerden yeni kaydedilen bir tür bulunmamaktadır ve
kaydedilen türlerin dört sürüngen türü tehlikeye yakın (NT) olmasına rağmen hiçbir tür tehdit
altında değildir. Amfibi ve sürüngenlerden Bern Sözleşmesine göre sekiz tür Ek-II ve 13 tür EkIII listelerinde yer almaktadır. Dikkat edilmesi gereken başlıca tehditler şunlardır:

Yaşlı ve özellikle boşlukları bulunan ağaçların uzaklaştırılması bütün fauna elemanlarını
olumsuz etkilemektedir. Özellikle bazı yılan ve kertenkele türleri bu tip ağaçlara
sığınmaktadır. Bu yüzden ormancılık faaliyetlerinin yapılmadığı alanların rahatsız
edilmeden korunması iyi olacaktır.
7

Testuda greaca ve T. Hermanni ve ayrıca Rana ridibunda Bern sözleşmesi tarafından
koruma altında olmalarına rağmen bölgede toplanmakta ve ihraç edilmektedir. Bu şekilde
illegal faaliyetlerin uygun şekilde kontrol edilmesi ve önlenmesi gerekmektedir.

İstanbul için içme suyu temini amacıyla Karadeniz’e akan derelere baraj yapımı sadece bu
sularla beslenen longos ormanlarını olumsuz etkilemekle kalmayıp ayrıca bu derelerdeki
akarsuyun azalması amfibiler, su yılanları ve balıkları içeren sucul faunayı da tehdit
etmektedir.
Mammals
Bir memeli türü, Gunther tarla faresi (Microtus guentheri) proje alanından ilk defa kaydedildi.
Toplam 66 memeli türünün 4 tanesi Vulnerable kategorisindedir. Bunlar alacasansar (Vormela
peregusna) ve üç yarasa türü olan Rhinolophus euryale, Rhinolophus mehelyi ve Myotis capaccinii’dir. U
samuru (Lutra lutra) Near Threatened (NT) kategorisindedir. Bern Sözleşmesine göre yedi tür
Ek-II ve 13 tür Ek-III listelerinde yer almaktadır.
Kör fare, Nannospalax leucodon, çalışma boyunca kayıtlarına rastlanamadığı için bölgenin
memeli envanterinden çıkarıldı. Önceki kayıtların köstebek yuvalarının yanlış
değerlendirilmesinden kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Son birkaç on yıldır yeni bir kaydı
bulunmadığı için Akdeniz foku (Monachus monachus) da listeden çıkartıldı.
Kapanlama çalışmaları farklı habitat tiplerindeki küçük memeli tür çeşitliliği ve yoğunluğunu
genel olarak ortaya koymak için kullanıldı, komple kapan başarısı % 19 olarak belirlendi. Longoz
ormanı % 46 yakalama oranı ile habitatlar arasında en zengini olarak belirlendi, longozu çalılık
kaplı açık orman ve akarsular ve sonra da çam plantasyonu takip etmektedir. Küçük memeliler
bakımından en az üretken bulunan ortam tarım alanı oldu. Çam ormanı Trakya için doğal bir
orman olmadığından çam plantasyonunun karışık ormandan daha üretken bulunması özellikle
şaşırtıcıdır. Bu durum yetersiz örneklemeden kaynaklanabilir ve durumun daha uzun süreli
çalışmalar ile daha geniş şekilde çalışılması yararlı olacaktır.
Küçük memelilere yönelik özel bir tehdit belirlenmedi. Kızıl geyik (Cervus elaphus) ve Karaca
(Capreolus capreolus) gibi büyük memelilere karşı asıl tehdit yasadışı avcılıktır. C. elaphus zaman
zaman Bulgaristan tarafından Türkiye’ye geçmekte, ancak kaçak avcılıktan dolayı çok azı geri
dönebilmektedir. Bu yüzden sağlıklı bir üreme populasyonun alanda barınabilmesinin ön şartı
yasadışı avcılığın önlenmesidir. Ayrıca ormanlık alanda açık alanlar ve yoğun kapalı alanların
mozaik şeklinde varlığını sürdürmesi açık alanların karaca ve kızıl geyiklerin otlama ve kur
yapma alanı olarak kullanılması açısından önemlidir.
Özet olarak Yıldız Dağları Biyosferi Türkiye memeli ve amfibi türlerinin % 40, Karadeniz balık
türlerinin ise % 70 veya daha fazlasını temsil eden önemli ve zengin bir faunayı
desteklemektedir. Avcılık, balıkçılık ve yaban hayatı türlerinin yasadışı ticareti amaçlı toplama
faaliyetlerinden dolayı alanın aşırı istismarını önlemek, bunlarla birlikte baraj yapım faaliyetleri
ve suların kaynaklarından çeşitli amaçlar için taşınması faaliyetleri üzerinde durulması gereken
ana tehdit unsurlarıdır.
8
1.
INTRODUCTION
The Yıldız Mountains are located in the north of Thrace, within the provincial borders of
Kırklareli, adjacent to the Bulgarian border and eastwards to the Black Sea. Approximately 1,218
km2 of the Yıldız Mountains are proposed as a biosphere reserve.
A review of current knowledge of the fauna was undertaken by Kaya et al. (2009) as part of the
Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Project in order to identify gaps in knowledge and inform priorities
for further surveys to be undertaken during this study. A summary of this review in Table 1.1
indicates that 326 species of vertebrates and, among the invertebrates, 27 species of dragonflies
and damselflies, and 131species of butterflies and moths had been inventoried within the
Project area. The high numbers of species inhabiting the Yıldız Mountains, representing nearly
40% or more in the case of Turkey’s mammals, birds and amphibians (Table 1.1), is indicative of
the considerable importance of this area for faunal diversity.
Table 1.1 Summary of known species recorded in the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere
prior to the present surveys (Kaya et al., 2009)
Class
Vertebrates
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Freshwater fish
Total
Invertebrates
Odonata
- Damselflies
- Dragonflies
1
2
3
Order
species
Total
Yildiz
8
20
2
2
8
37
18
53
9
5
10
96
65
197
27
9
28
326
167
463
112
21
248
1
1
1
8
4
4
27
10
17
115
39%
43%
24%
43%
11%
Threatened
species1
CR EN VU
1
1
Commission3
9
1
4
2
0
16
33
136
7
5
1
182
13
37
8
3
7
68
4
26
4
26
23%
CR: Critically Endangered EN: Endangered VU: Vulnerable (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2000)
Bern Annex2: Strictly protected fauna species; Annex 3: Protected fauna species
General Hunting Commission Annex 1: Species that may be hunted during specific periods; Annex 2: Mammals
and birds protected from hunting in Turkey.
None of these inventoried species is exclusive to Turkey, although the Bulgarian emerald
dragonfly (Somatochlora borisi1) is endemic to the Balkans. A significant number of species are
listed as threatened in the IUCN Red List (2000), particularly among mammals and reptiles.
Many species are listed in Annexes 2 and 3 for protection under the provisions of the Bern
Convention and in Annex 2 of Turkey General Hunting Commission for protection from hunting
(Table 1.1).
Much of the faunal scientific research undertaken prior to 2009 has been concentrated in
İğneada, renowned for its longos forest and other wetland habitats. This includes various studies
carried out under the GEF II Biodiversity and Natural Resources Management Project. Demirköy,
Dereköy, and Dupnisa are among other areas that have been surveyed for some faunal groups.
Zoologists from Trakya University, Edirne have contributed substantially to recent surveys
species specific studies. A summary of earlier studies is provided in Annex 1 and some further
details are given below.
1
Synonymous with Corduliochlora borisi
9
1.1
ODONATA
Dragonflies and damselflies constitute the Order Odonata, having paired wings, and are
classified within the flying insects (Pterygota). Indicative of their evolutionary transition from
water to land, is their habit of laying their eggs in water. Larvae leave the water after
metamorphosis and become adults with wings. Thus, due to such a life cycle, they are commonly
found around water bodies.
Most of the Odonata data relating to Yıldız Mountains are from Dijkstra and Lewington (2006).
Major studies were carried out in the area by Hacet & Aktaç (1997, 2004). Kalkman (2006)
published a large-scale revision and removed some species recorded from Turkey.
1.2
LEPIDOPTERA
Lepidoptera includes moths and butterflies. It is one of the most speciose orders in the class
Insecta, encompassing moths and three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and mothbutterflies. Skippers have characteristics of both butterflies and moths. The wings are double.
Lepidoptera are often highly specific with respect to the plants on which they lay their eggs. Larva
emerge from the eggs as caterpillars, which are mostly herbivorous (a few are carnivorous and
detritivorous). After a further phase of metamorphosis as pupa, the adult butterflies emerge from
their cocoons. The majority of the butterflies feed on nectar and pollen, hence their important role
in pollination of plants. Adult lifespans vary between species, from one day to one year.
Approximately 180,000 Lepidoptera species have been described from all over the world.
Species recorded within Turkey amount to 400 butterflies and some 4,800 moths (Koçak &
Kemal, 2009). Karaca (2008) recorded 114 species of butterflies from Kırklareli Province. As
part of the GEF-II Project, 61 Lepidoptera species were recorded in the vicinity of İğneada and
its longos forest, some of which were included in the inventory based on previous studies
(Seven, 1995; Göbekçioğlu, 1999).
There are several Lepidoptera websites that feature numerous species records and photographs from
the Kirklareli region, notably http://www.kelebek-turk.com/ and http://www.leptr.org/. In addition,
amateur observations are sometimes published in the form of scientific papers with the support of
butterfly experts (e.g. Karaca, 2008, Sarıgül et al., 2008), which also leads to discovery of previously
unrecorded species. For example, the first record of Aphantopus hyperantus is given from Dereköy
and its distribution is currently confined to Kirklareli. Two other species, Polyommatus semiargus and
Polyommatus aroaniensis, are also recorded for the first time and only from Kırklareli. Further studies
may reveal a wider distribution range for these species.
Much less is known about moths, despite being a much more speciose group, than butterflies in the
Project area. This is primarily due to a lack of experts on the subject and comparatively lower
popularity of moths among nature photographers, who tend to be more attracted to the iridescent
colours of butterflies.
Okyar (Göbekçioğlu) & Aktaç (1999) recorded 115 species of Geometrid moths recorded from
81 localities throughout Turkish Thrace. Only five of these localities are located in the Project
area, from where 34 species were recorded.
10
1.3
FRESHWATER FISHES
The ichthyofauna of Thrace has previously been investigated by Battalgil (1941, 1942), Erk’akan
(1983, 1984), Balık (1985), Meriç (1986a, 1986b, 1992), Erdem et al. (1994), Özuluğ (1999),
Özuluğ et al. (2004), ÇOB (2004) and İlhan et al. (2005).
Balık (1985) identified 26 species (5 species from streams, 8 from lakes and 13 from both
habitats) from the Yildiz mountains, out of 40 taxa reported from eastern Thrace. Erdem et al.
(1994) investigated population ecology of Scardinius erythrophthalmus and Carassius carassius
in Hamam Lake. They recorded six species in this lake. Fifteen taxa were identified from inland
waters in the area covered by the GEF II Project (ÇOB, 2004).
İlhan et al. (2007) reviewed the distribution of the genus Carassius, based on previously
collected specimens from Thrace held in the Museum of Ege University, Fisheries Faculty Inland
Water Fish Collection (ESFM-PISI).
Although there is some information on fishes of western Thrace, little is known about the fish
fauna of the Yildiz Mountains. Lotic and lentic habitats were not examined in detail prior to the
present survey, which was aimed at sampling streams, lakes and reservoirs to assess the
distribution and abundance of freshwater fish.
1.4
MARINE FISHES
The Black Sea is the most isolated marine environment among all inland seas of the world,
whose only tenuous link with other seas is with the Mediterranean through the narrow Turkish
straits system. A relatively diverse marine fauna occurs in the Black Sea, despite its low salinity
(c. 18‰) and anoxic waters below depths of 200 m (with high levels of H2S). Of the c. 3,800
fauna and flora species identified from the Black Sea, 42.9% belongs to fungi, algae and higher
plants, 52.5% to invertebrates, 4.5% to fishes and 0.1% to marine mammals (Zaitsev and
Mamaev, 1997).
Although marine fishes form only a small proportion of the Black Sea’s biodiversity, the large
stocks of species such as anchovy, bluefish and Atlantic bonito and historically and currently
important due to their high commercial value. The rich sturgeon fish populations in the western
Black Sea (Dnieper area) were first mentioned by Heredotus (484–425 BC), and some priests in
the Middle Ages (17th century) recorded sardines, whitings etc. in the northern Black Sea (see
Slastenenko, 1956). Scientific research dates back to the 18th century, initiated by Russian
scientists, when the majority of studies were concentrated to the northern basin including the
Azov Sea. An overall picture of the Black Sea fish fauna was compiled during the late 19th century
based on the studies of Pallas, Kessler and Ostroumov (Zaitsev and Mamaev, 1997).
Knowledge about fishes off the Turkish Black Sea coast is very limited. Prominent studies were
carried out only after the establishment of the Hydrobiological Research Institute of Istanbul
University in 1952, which was later followed in 1954 by fisheries training courses supported by
FAO under various projects. Fisheries surveys were conducted under the leadership of the
Norwegian fishery expert Olav Aasen, and biology of certain important commercial species was
studied (e.g. Aasen and Akyüz, 1955; 1956). During this same period, detailed descriptions of
Black Sea fish were provided by Slastenenko (1956), including brief information on the
occurrence of particular species along Turkish shores. Subsequently, no significant scientific
work was carried out for five decades, until a series of surveys on fish stocks of the central and
eastern Turkish Black Sea coast were made between December 1989 and January 1994
(Anonymous, 1996).
A review of relevant literature has shown that almost all fishery studies conducted along the
Turkish Black Sea coast are confined to the central and eastern basins. No data is currently
available for the Thrace region. Information on local fish faunas is also scarce, except for the
Sinop – Samsun coastline (Bat et al., 2005). Currently, the only data on marine fish distributions
along the Kirklareli coast are provided by Whitehead et al. (1984-1986) and Fischer et al.
11
(1987), who based their data not on actual field observations, but on results from previous
publications, ichthyological museum records and educated projections (i.e. a species known
from Bosphorus, Bulgaria and Romania should also exist in the Thrace region).
In this Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Project, the fish fauna along the Kirklareli coast was
examined for the first time.
1.5
TREE DWELLING BATS AND DORMICE
The world’s mammals comprise some 4,809 species, representing 1,192 genera, 146 families
and 28 orders. The order Chiroptera (bats) constitutes about one-quarter of all mammalian
species, with its 977 modern species classified into 192 genera, 18 families and 2 orders.
Chiroptera are the second most speciose order of mammals (20.3%) after Rodentia.
Bats, the only flying mammals, are estimated to have first appeared 65-70 million years ago,
following the extinction of the dinosaurs. The biggest living bat is Pteropus vampyrus
(Megachiroptera), with a body weight of 1500 g and wing length of 1700 mm; the smallest is
Craseonycteris thonglongyai (Microchiroptera), weighing 2 g and with a wing length of 120 mm.
There exist 38 bat species in Turkey, representing 5 families (Pteropodidae, Rhinolophidae,
Emballonuridae, Vespertilionidae and Molossidae) and two suborders (Megachiroptera ve
Microchiroptera). Based on the results of our recent investigations within the region, 28 of these
species (73.6%) are present in Turkish Thrace and 25 (65.7%) in Yıldız Mountains.
The family Gliridae (dormice) is globally represented by 28 species from 10 genera, of which
seven species occur in Turkey and three of these species occur in Turkish Thrace. Just two
species have been recorded from the Yıldız Mountains: Glis glis (fat or edible dormouse) and
Dryomys nitedula (forest dormouse). The third species Myomimus roachi (ground or mousetailed dormouse) has a rare distributional pattern in Turkish Thrace, excluding Yıldız Mountains.
According to former studies in Yildiz Mountains carried out in 2001 about the use of nestboxes
by fat dormice, 46 specimens were identified in 1 hectare of a locality (Vali Mezarlığı) in
Demirköy. The sounds of many Glis glis specimens were heard wandering and feeding on beech
(Fagus orientalis), oak (Quercus sp.) and other trees during night-time studies in the forests. Glis
glis population densities were high in all types of forests in the region. By contrast, the Forest
dormice, Dryomys nitedula, is relatively rare in Yildiz Mountains. The infrequent presence of this
species in nestboxes that were checked in Fidanlık, Demirköy, Çakmaktepe and Kastro
confirmed the rarity of the species in these particular forests.
1.6
HERPETOFAUNA
Yildiz Mountains support a rich diversity of reptiles, partly a reflection of their forests. The
dominant deciduous tree species are beech (Fagus orientalis), oak (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q.
cerris), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus, C. orientalis), ashtree (Fraxinus angustifolia, F. excelsior),
alder (Alnus glutinosa), acer (Acer campestre) and linden tree (Tilia argentea). Some coniferous
plantations of Pinus nigra, P. Pinea, P. brutia, P. maritime are also present.
1.7
OTHER SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS
Many scientific studies have been conducted on the mammals living in the İğneada longos
forests but, with the exception of bats, elsewhere in the Project area there has been little
research. A total of 65 mammalian species have been reported in the literature for this area,
which constitutes more than 40% of the Turkish mammalian fauna (Table 1.1).
Yıldız Mountains has many caves that host an especially rich bat fauna (8 species). These have
been the subject of a separate study undertaken as part of Yıldız Mountains Biosphere Project2.
Many of the other bat species are found in the forests of Yıldız Mountains, such as Bechstein’s
bat (Myotis bechsteinii) which is a common woodland species. Sixty six percent of Turkey’s bat
species, all of which are nationally protected, occur within the Project area.
2
Caves of the Yildiz Mountains and their fauna. Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project Report Series No. 5.
12
Among the small mammals, yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) is common in the Project
area, as is the fat dormouse (Glis glis) in all wooded areas. The striped field mouse (Apodemus
agrarius), found only in Thrace in Turkey, occurs in areas facing the Black Sea. Within forests
and other wooded areas, there is some confusion about the nests of the blind mole (Talpa ceaca)
and the lesser mole rat (Spalax leucodon); therefore, it would be useful to review the
distribution of lesser mole rats within the Project area.
More research is required to obtain robust scientific data about grey wolf (Canis lupus), red deer
(Cervus elaphus), roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), European otter (Lutra lutra) and other large
mammals because it has been observed that population of these species have decreased in
recent years due to intensive pressures from human beings, including hunting (Kaya et al.,
2009). Studies on the critically endangered Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus),
seen in the rocky area on the coast around Limanköy (Mitchell-Jones, A. J. et al., 1999), is also a
high priority.
13
2.
2.1
MATERIALS AND METHODS
ODONATA AND LEPIDOPTERA
The main streams and lakes in the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere were sampled for
Odonata (damselflies and dragonflies) and Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) at 16 localities
as follows: Kırklareli: Dereköy; Demirköy: Demirköy (merkez), Avcılar, Balaban (Velika),
between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Dupnisa
(Sarpdere), Erikli Lake, İğneada and north-west of İğneada, Limanköy, Longos, Mert Lake,
between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, Sislioba, and between the streams of Yavuz and
Bulanık (Figure 2.1).
Butterflies, damselflies and dragonflies were photographed during small mammal, insectivore
and large mammal studies. Additionally, four extra days were devoted specifically to collecting
data on these invertebrate groups. Photographs were taken of adult specimens for identification
purposes and archived. Several kinds of lenses and cameras were used to photograph Odonata
and Lepidoptera, mostly a Canon 40D body with a Canon 100 mm 2.8 USM macro lens.
Figure 2.1 Localities surveyed specifically for Odonata and Lepidoptera.
Species identified from photographs taken in field provided the basis of inventories, to which
records from other published sources were added. Identification of Odonata species was
determined primarily according to Dijkstra and Lewington (2006). Other literature sources
included Hacet & Aktaç (1997, 2004) and Kalkman (2006). Some species recorded by Hacet &
Aktaç (1997, 2004) are not included in the inventory for the proposed Yıldız Mountains
Biosphere because they were excluded from Kalkman’s (2006) review of Turkey’s Odonata.
Lepidoptera were identified primarily according to Seven (1995), Göbekçioğlu (1999), Okyar
(Göbekçioğlu) & Aktaç (1999), Karaca (2008), Sarıgül et al. (2008), Koçak & Kemal (2009), and
http://www.kelebek-turk.com/, http://www.leptr.org/.
14
2.2 FRESHWATER FISHES
Limnological surveys were carried out during 19-28 July 2009 in the eastern section of Yıldız
Mountains in order to determine the freshwater fish fauna. Sampling was undertaken at 28 sites,
including six lakes and 16 streams within seven stream basins. Several sites were sampled along
Pabuç stream, Tarlalık stream, Velika stream and Rezve River. Sample locations are shown in
Figure 2.2 and further details of each site are provided in Annex 2, including coordinates and
some physico-chemical properties of the streams (Table A2.1).
Figure 2.2 Localities surveyed for freshwater fishes. Site descriptions are provided in Annex 2.
A number of streams were not sampled because they were found to be dry, specifically Elmalı
and Panayır streams (located in the southern part of the Project area near Kıyıköy), and some
streams located in the north near Beğendik Village.
Fish were sampled using passive methods in lacustrine habitats and active methods in streams,
as follows:

Passive fishing methods:
1. Trammel net: 17 mm mesh size (knot to knot), 1 m height and 80 m length - used in
lakes for periods of 3-13 hours, depending on the lake character.
2. Fyke net: 20 crayfish fyke nets were used, each net 80 cm in length and having an outer
circle diameter of 30 cm.

Active fishing methods:
15
1. Beach seine: 3mm mesh size, 1 m deep and 25 m long (cod-end length is 5 m and wing
length is 10 m).
2. Electro-fishing: Electro-fishing was restricted to 10-20 minutes according to site
conditions, using a DC electroshocker (SAMUS 725G).
2.3 MARINE FISHES
Marine fish biodiversity surveys were carried out during 14-24 July 2009, along the coastline
from Igneada to Kiyikoy fishing port (Figure 2.3). Sampling methods were as follows:



in situ fish observations by skin divers,
bottom trawling hauls by a fishery vessel, and
personal communications with local fishermen.
Skin dives were performed in the vicinity of Igneada harbour, at depths of up to 10 m. Although
dives were also planned at Kiyikoy coasts, they had to be cancelled due to bad weather
conditions. A total of four dives were made, where all fish species observed were identified to
the lowest possible taxon. Underwater observations were noted on PVC plates, including
information on habitat characteristics and point fish counts. Abundance of each fish species was
evaluated based on a three-level scale:. rare (<10 specimens), prevalent (10 – 30 specimens) and
common (> 30 specimens).
Figure 2.3 Marine fish sampling locations by bottom trawl net (A: start point; B: finish point).
Coordinates are provided in Annex 2.
A bottom trawl net was used to sample fish at depths greater than 10 m at three different
locations between Igneada and Kiyikoy harbours (Figure 2.3). Sampling dates are given in
Annex 2 (Table A2.2), together with data on trawling depths, start and finish coordinates and
surface water temperatures at each station. The trawl vessel (F/V SIKLAR) used was 14 m in
16
length, with 350 HP power and equipped with a standard bottom trawl net (22 mm mesh size at
the cod-end). All trawls were restricted to a period of 60 minutes at a vessel speed of 2.5 knots.
Specimens of each of the species captured were fixed in 4% formalin for laboratory analysis,
except for large sized fish (such as turbot, spiny dogfish shark etc.). Species were identified using
keys in Whitehead et al. (1984-1986) and Fischer et al. (1987). To reveal similarities between
trawl catches, a cluster analysis was made using binary data (presence versus absence of
species) by the Jaccard single linkage method (BiodiversityPro software).
Personal communications were made with local fishermen, in order to obtain information on
regional fishery activities and existing problems in the area. Fishermen were also asked for
information on the status of commercially exploited fish stocks and threatened fishes.
Literature was surveyed, especially for species previously reported from Kirklareli coasts, and
any additional species records were added to the inventory of local ichthyofauna.
2.4 AMPHIBIANS
Life cycles of urodele and anuran amphibians are generally spent in two different environments,
so they were surveyed in aquatic and terrestrial habitats as follows:
1. Temporary and permanent water bodies: ponds, streams or ditches, banks, small ponds etc.,
especially during the breeding season when it was possible to catch many specimens.
2. Terrestrial sites: these are more varied. Some species live under dead wood and stones;
others inhabit loose ground.
Dip-nets were used to catch amphibians in the water. Terrestrial taxa were caught by hand or, if
necessary (as for jumping frogs), with the help of a dip-net. Surveys were also undertaken at
night in habitats suitable for nocturnal species. Survey locations are shown in Figure 2.4.
Figure 2.4 Survey locations for herpetofauna, tree-dwelling bats and dormice. Locations 1-36
were surveyed in 2009 and 37-46 were studied prior to 2009. Coordinates are
provided in Annex 2.
17
Reptiles
Short duration field excursions were conducted in all types of habitats with the aim of
opportunistically seeing and/or catching reptile specimens. Survey locations are shown in
Figure 2.4. Photographs were taken of reptiles in their habitat to aid identification in the case of
undetermined specimens. Forests, open forest areas, forest grasslands and rocky areas were
searched for reptiles both daytime and at night.
2.5 TREE-DWELLING BATS
Special bat nets were set during evening hours by forest streams and among trees in areas
where the understorey was either absent or not dense. Captured bats were taken by hand and
kept in cages during controls at midnight and sometimes until dawn. Specimens were identified
and standard measurements of their characteristics were recorded, after which they were
released back into the wild. Some caves were visited with the aim of identifying tree dwelling
bats in their daytime roosts. Survey locations are shown in Figure 2.4 and their coordinates are
given in Annex 2 (Table A2.3).
2.6 DORMICE
Live-traps were placed on trees in forests. Captured specimens were identified and then
released after measuring their characteristics. Individuals were observed on trees at night and
indirect evidence from signs was used to record their presence in an area. Nestboxes attached to
trees during former studies were also checked.
Survey locations are shown in Figure 2.4 and coordinates are provided in Annex 2 (Table A2.3)
showing the localities where the field studies were performed and their coordinates.
2.7 SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS
For purposes of this survey of small and large mammals, the main habitat types were identified
as: 1.) swamp forests called longos, 2.) fields, 3.) open areas inside forests, 4.) mixed forests, 5.)
shrubs along streams and 6.) pine plantations. Each of these habitat types was surveyed during
18th July – 08th August 2009. In view of time limitations, it was only possible to survey each
habitat type at a single site, the locations of which are shown in Figure 2.5 and coordinates
provided in Annex 2 (Table A2.4). It was accepted that each of the selected habitat types are
representative of the same habitat type elsewhere in the study area and so certain conclusions
can be reached. The habitat types are described below.
1.) Swamp forests/longos One of the most distinguishable and important habitats in the
Project area, the longos forests around Igneada are unique in Turkey in terms of their their size
and ecological characteristics. Mert Lake longos forest was chosen as an example of longos forest
and 90 snap traps were set for small mammals over three consecutive nights and checked daily.
2.) Fields Agricultural areas are common in the vicinity of small towns and villages. Agricultural
field close to Avcılar Village were chosen as they had not been cultivated, so it was assumed that
they had been fallow for at least one year. Nine snap traps were set for four consecutive nights.
3.) Open areas inside forests Meadows lie inside some forest openings. The open area east of
the entrance to Dupnisa Cave was chosen and. 90 snap traps were set for four consecutive
nights.
4.) Mixed forests constitute the predominant habitat type in the Project area. An area south of
Sislioba, covered mainly by oak (Quercus sp.) and beech (Fagus sp.) trees, was selected and 90
snap traps were set for four consecutive nights.
5.) Shrubs along streams There are some streams in the area, both sides of such streams
covered mostly by shrubs. Balaban stream, with shrubs on both banks, was selected in the
vicinity of Balaban Bridge on the Demirköy – İstanbul road. Sixty snap traps were set for two
consecutive nights.
18
6.) Pine plantations: None of the pine forests in the Project area are natural. The pine forest
along the İğneada – Demirköy way was selected and 90 snap traps were set for four consecutive
nights.
Indirect observations of large mammals were also obtained from small mammal trapping
stations by searching for their signs, such as foot prints, faeces, burrows and food remains, along
transects for about three hours at each station daily. Given the low incidence of direct sightings
of large mammals, records from the literature and interviews with villagers and hunters were
used to build up a picture of their status and distribution. Direct and indirect observations were
also made opportunistically, including mammal deaths along the roads caused by car accidents.
Survey locations were also surveyed for large mammals using 5 photo traps, which were in place
for four consecutive nights and possibly longer, depending on initial survey results. Photo traps
were regularly checked for images but none were found and it appeared that the equipment was
not functioning properly.
Figure 2.5 Survey locations for small and large mammals. Each location is represented by a
different habitat type.. Coordinates are provided in Annex 2.
19
3.
SURVEY RESULTS
3.1
OVERVIEW
A full list of species recorded within the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere, based on the
results of this survey and previous studies, is provided in Annex 3 and a summary breakdown of
the main taxonomic groups is shown in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 Summary of species inventoried in the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere, based
on pre-2009 studies (see Kaya et al., 2009) and the results of the 2009 surveys.
Class
Order
Vertebrates
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Freshwater fish
Marine fish
Total
Invertebrates
Lepidoptera
- Butterflies
- Moths
Odonata
- Damselflies
- Dragonflies
species
Total
Yildiz
8
20
2
2
10
18
60
18
57
9
5
13
46
148
66
264
27
9
35
121
522
167
463
112
21
248
*170
1
1
1
1
1
1
13
7
6
9
5
5
117
75
42
34
12
22
5,182
405
4,777
115
43
72
40%
67%
24%
43%
14%
71%
Threatened
species1
CR EN VU
1
1
Commission3
1
4
2
4
5
2
3
11
33
180
7
5
13
70
8
3
7
4
183
26
47
225
83
187
73
2%
19%
1%
30%
28%
31%
*This is an approximate total number of marine fish species occurring within the Black Sea.
Additions to the pre-2009 faunal inventory compiled by Kaya et al. (2009) and details of
threatened species are as follows:

Odonata: Two species of damselfly and five species of dragonfly newly recorded.
None of the damselflies and only a small number of dragonflies has been assessed with
respect to their conservation status. None is threatened but the Bulgarian Emerald
(Somatochlora borisi =Corduliochlora borisi), which is endemic to the Balkans, is Near
Threatened. No species is listed in Appendix-II or Appendix-III of the Bern Convention.

Lepidoptera: Were not included in the review by Kaya et al. (2009). A total of 42
species of moth and 75 species of butterfly have been added to the fauna inventory
based on the current study. The latter represents 66% of butterfly species recorded in
Kirklareli Province (Karaca, 2008). None of the 117 species of Lepidoptera has been
evaluated with respect to their conservation status, with the exception of the Large
Copper (Lycena dispar), which is at Lower Risk. No species is listed in Appendix-II or
Appendix-III of the Bern Convention (Annex 5).
20

Freshwater fishes: Six species were newly recorded for the first time in the Project
area as follows: Alosa caspia, Knipowitschia caucasica, Lepomis gibbosus, Liza aurata,
Neogobius eurycephalus and Oncorhynchus mykiss. Of the 35 species inventoried, two
species are Vulnerable, Crimea barbel (Barbus tauricus escherichi) and common carp
(Cyprinus carpio), and seven species are listed in Appendix III of the Bern Convention.

Marine fishes: Three species were recorded for the first time within the coastal
waters just offshore from the Project area, namely Parablennius incognitus, P. zvonimiri
and Salaria pavo, all of which are considered to be nationally Vulnerable (Fricke,
2007). They have not been previously recorded from the Turkish Thrace region. Of the
121 species of marine fish recorded during this survey, one species is Critically
Endangered (angel shark, Squatina squatina), four are Endangered (three sturgeon
fishes, Acipenser nudiventris, A. gueldenstaedtii, A. stellatus and beluga, Huso huso) and
three are Vulnerable (piked dogfish, Squalus acanthias, Gymnura altavela and Alosa
immaculate) at global level; and 54 species are nationally threatened. Eleven species
are listed in Annexes II and III of the Bern Convention (Annex 6, Table A6.1).

Amphibians and Reptiles:.no species were newly recorded from within the Project
area. No amphibian species is threatened; and five and three species, respectively, are
listed in Annexes I and II of the Bern Convention. No reptile species is threatened but
four species are Near Threatened; and five and eight species, respectively, are listed in
Annexes II and III of the Bern Convention. (Annex 8, Table A8.1).

Birds were subject to a separate survey which is reported in YMBP (2010). The
inventory has increased from 197 to 264 species as a result of a thorough review of the
literature and observations of 11 species recorded for the first time within the Project
area.

Mammals: one mammal, Gunther’s vole (Microtus guentheri) was recorded for the first
time within the Project area. Four of the 66 mammal species3 are Vulnerable: marbled
polecat (Vormela peregusna) and three species of bats, Rhinolophus euryale, Rhinolophus
mehelyi, and Myotis capaccinii. The otter (Lutra lutra) is Near Threatened. Seven species
are listed in Annexes II and 13 species in Annex III of the Bern Convention (Annex 8,
Table A8.1; Annex 9, Table A9.2.
More details of survey results for some of the taxonomic groups are given below.
3.1
FRESHWATER FISHES
The results of the survey of 28 sample stations are shown in Table 3.2. Key findings from an
analysis of the results are as follows:

Of the 13 families of freshwater fishes recorded within the Project area, Cyprinids
(Cyprinidae) are the most diverse with 14 taxa, followed by Gobies (Gobiidae) with 7 taxa.

Species diversity within the 7 stream basins, in order of importance, is Bulanık Stream
(with 18 species), Yavuz Stream (17), Rezve River (15), Pabuç Stream (13) Çavuşköprü
Stream (12), Kazan Stream (7) and Şahin Stream (5).
It should be noted that the blind mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon, was excluded from the mammal inventory for the
proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere since no new records were obtained during the survey. It is thought that
previous records may have resulted from misinterpretation of mole burrows., Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus
monachus) was also excluded in the absence of any new records in recent decades.
3
21

Barbus tauricus escherichi is the most widely distributed species (recorded at 16 stations),
followed by Phoxinus phoxinus (15), Alburnus chalcoides and Squalius cephalus (10),
Alburnoides bipunctatus and Gobio gobio (9) and Salmo trutta (7 stations). Others exist in
one or a few stations.

None of the species is abundant in all basins but the widely distributed Phoxinus phoxinus
is frequent/abundant in four basins and predominant in a number of stations. Alburnoides
bipunctatus, Barbus tauricus escherichi and Gobio gobio are also dominant in some stations.
In some habitats (Stations 4, 10, 16, 18), abundance is high due to existence of a single
species.
22
Table 3.2 Distribution and abundance of freshwater fish species at 28 stations in seven river basins of the proposed Yıldız Mountains Biosphere,
based on a total sample size of 3,128 specimens.
FAMILY
Genus
ATHERINIDAE
CENTRARCHIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
COBITIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
GASTEROSTEIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
POECILIIDAE
SALMONIDAE
SALMONIDAE
Atherina
Lepomis
Alosa
Cobitis
Alburnoides
Alburnus
Barbus
Carassius
Cyprinus
Gobio
Petroleuciscus
Phoxinus
Rhodeus
Rutilus
Scardinius
Squalius
Vimba
Gasterosteus
Knipowitschia
Neogobius
Neogobius
Neogobius
Proterorhinus
Liza
Mugil
Gambusia
Oncorhynchus
Salmo
Scale of abundance:
Species
Sampling station: 1
boyeri
gibbosus
caspia
taenia
bipunctatus
chalcoides
tauricus
gibelio
carpio
gobio
borysthenicus
phoxinus
amarus
rutilus
erythrophthalmus
cephalus
vimba
aculeatus
caucasica
eurycephalus
fluviatilis
melanostomus
marmoratus
aurata
cephalus
affinis
mykiss
trutta
Rare (<25%)
2
3
Rezve
4
5
Occasional (25 - <50%)
6
7
8
Şahin
9 10
Frequent (50 - <75%)
Çavuşköprü
11 12 13
14
15
16
Bulanık
17 18 19
20
21
22
Yavuz
23 24
Pabuç
25 26
Kazan
27 28
Abundant (≥75%)
23

Twenty two species were recorded in lakes and 22 species in streams; 16 species occurred
in both habitats. Alosa caspia, Carassius gibelio, Liza aurata, Mugil cephalus, Atherina boyeri
and Lepomis gibbosus were found only in lakes, while Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss,
Alburnoides bipunctatus, Gobio gobio, Phoxinus phoxinus and Neogobius eurycephalus were
collected only from streams. Salmo trutta, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Gobio gobio and Phoxinus
phoxinus occurred in upper streams; Alburnoides bipunctatus, which is distributed
throughout the entire Rezve River, was more frequent in upper streams.
3.2
MARINE FISHES
Bottom trawl survey
The sampling depths ranged between 25 m and 52 m (Annex 2, Table A2.2). The sea bed was
sandy/muddy for trawls #1 and #2 but dense Mediterranean mussel beds (Mytilus
galloprovincialis) were encountered during the third trawl. A total of 20 fish species were
collected, two of which belong to the class of cartilaginous fishes (Elasmobranchii). Photographs
of some of these species are shown in Figure 3.1.
Release of bottom trawl net
Trawl catch
Mullus barbatus (red mullet)
Platichthys flesus (flounder)
Uranoscopus scaber (Atlantic stargazer)
Mesogobius batrachocephalus (Knout goby)
Merlangius merlangus (whiting)
Neogobius melanostomus (round goby)
24
Squalus acanthias (spiny dogfish)
Sprattus sprattus (European sprat)
Figure 3.1 Trawling operation and some common fishes (photographs by M. Bilecenoglu)
The highest number of species (19) was observed in trawl #1, while 13 species were collected in
both trawls #2 and #3. The overall similarity between trawl catches (based on presence versus
absence species matrix) was 73.6%, where trawls #2 and trawl #3 were the most similar (79.9%
similarity) with respect to species occurrences (Figure 3.2). Trawls #1 and trawl #2 were only
60% similar. This slight difference between trawling hauls was most probably due to sampling
depths. Fish diversity seems to increase towards shallower coasts, as in the case of trawl #1.
However, the sample size is small so these results need to be treated judiciously.
Figure 3.2 Species similarities between trawl catches (single linkage Jaccard cluster analysis)
The relative abundances of the species captured is shown in Table 3.3. Among the species
identified, 12 of them are common, appearing in all trawl catches.
Table 3.3 Relative abundance of fish species sampled by bottom trawling. The three main
commercial species are marked by an asterisk.
Family
CARTILAGINOUS FISHES
RAJIIDAE
SQUALIDAE
BONY FISHES
BOTHIDAE
CALLIONYMIDAE
CARANGIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
GADIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
LABRIDAE
MULLIDAE
PLEURONECTIDAE
POMATOMIDAE
SCOPHTHALMIDAE
Species
Trawl 1
Trawl 2
Trawl 3
Raja clavata
Squalus acanthias
Arnoglossus kessleri
Callionymus risso
Trachurus mediterraneus
Sprattus sprattus
Merlangius merlangus*
Gobius niger
Neogobius melanostomus
Mesogobius batrachocephalus
Symphodus cinereus
Mullus barbatus*
Platichthys flesus
Pomatomus saltatrix
Psetta maeotica*
25
SOLEIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
TRACHINIDAE
TRIGLIDAE
URANOSCOPIDAE
Legend:
< 10 specimens
Pegusa lascaris
Syngnathus acus
Trachinus draco
Chelidonichthys lucernus
Uranoscopus scaber
10 – 50 specimens
51 – 100 specimens
> 100 specimens
Bottom trawlers fishing throughout the Kirklareli coast have a few target species. The most
commercial fish is Psetta maeotica (turbot), followed by Mullus barbatus (red mullet) and
Merlangius merlangus (whiting). Although sharks and rays captured are generally considered as
a bycatch, they are often exported due to their rare consumption in the internal market. Some
pelagic fishes, i.e. Pomatomus saltatrix (bluefish) and Trachurus spp. (horse mackerels), appear
incidentally in the trawl catch but they are usually discarded unless big enough to be
commercially marketed.
Diving survey
Visibility was generally very low during the dives, possibly due to turbidy caused by wave action
along the fine sand bottoms of shallow shores. All the rocky substrates were either covered by
dense algal vegetation or mussels, except for bare rocks encountered in the vicinity of Igneada
harbour. Among the seagrasses, Ruppia cf. maritima was observed in a few localities, together
with sparse patches of eelgrass (Zostera sp.), which provides refuge especially to wrasse species
(Labridae).
A total of 25 species were observed from dives, several of which inhabit specific habitats (e.g.
algae-covered rocks, sandy sea beds, etc.). Relative abundances of the fish species observed are
given in Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 Relative abundance of fish species observed during skin dives
Family
Species
ATHERINIDAE
ATHERINIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
CALLIONYMIDAE
CARANGIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MULLIDAE
SCORPAENIDAE
SPARIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
Atherina boyeri
Atherina hepsetus
Aidablennius sphynx
Lipophrys pavo
Parablennius sanguinolentus
Parablennius zvonimiri
Parablennius tentacularis
Parablennius incognitus
Callionymus pusillus
Trachurus trachurus
Gobius niger
Gobius paganellus
Pomatoschistus marmoratus
Coris julis
Symphodus cinereus
Symphodus tinca
Symphodus roissali
Symphodus ocellatus
Liza aurata
Mullus barbatus
Scorpaena porcus
Diplodus annularis
Syngnathus abaster
Syngnathus acus
Syngnathus typhle
Dive 1
Dive 2
Dive 3
Dive 4
26
Legend:
Rare (< 10 specimens)
Prevalent (10 – 30 specimens)
Common (> 30 specimens)
Three species (Parablennius incognitus, P. zvonimiri and Salaria pavo) belonging to the family
Blennidae have been recorded for the first time from the Kirklareli coasts (Figure 3.3). These
blennies are native to the Mediterranean Sea and recorded previously from different parts of the
Black Sea, except the study area which seems to be due to an absence of local fish diversity
studies. Brief information regarding their status is given below.
Parablennius incognitus (female)
Parablennius zvonimiri (male; right) and P. sanguinolentus (left)
Salaria pavo (female)
Figure 3.3 New fish records for the Kirklareli coast (photographs by M.Bilecenoglu)
Parablennius incognitus (Bath, 1968): A small-sized blenny, reaching a maximum standard
length of 5.8 cm (Froese and Pauly, 2009). The species inhabits rocky shores of coastal waters at
depths ranging up to 2 m. It occurs in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and throughout the
Mediterranean Sea coasts, including the Marmara Sea and the northern Black Sea (Whitehead et
al., 1984-1986). Some recent studies have reported the species from different localities, such as
Georgian coasts (Bogorodskii, 2006) and the southern Crimean peninsula to Karadag (Boltachev
et al., 2009). According to Bogorodskii (2006), P. incognitus probably has a wider distribution in
the Black Sea than traditionally believed.
Parablennius zvonimiri (Kolombatovic, 1892) [Staghorn blenny]: This species is endemic to
the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins. It reaches a maximum length of 7 cm. Dimly lit
biotopes, such as overhanging rocks or caves, are preferred habitats (Froese and Pauly, 2009)
but it can also be observed over mussel beds. In the Black Sea, the species was previously known
only from Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine and Georgia (Whitehead et al., 1984-1986; Bogorodskii,
2006; Froese and Pauly, 2009).
Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810) [Peacock blenny]: Occurs in the intertidal zone and shallow beds,
on rocks or sand between pebbles and vegetation (Whitehead et al., 1984-1986). Maximum
length is up to 13 cm (Froese and Pauly, 2009). It is distributed along the eastern Atlantic coasts,
Mediterranean and Black Sea, and also in the Suez Canal. Previous records in the Black Sea are
27
confined to Romanian, Ukrainian and Georgian coasts (Whitehead et al., 1984-1986;
Bogorodskii, 2006).
Species inventory
Information regarding the marine fishes of Kirklareli coast is limited to the monumental studies
of Whitehead et al. (1984-986) and Fischer et al. (1987), published more than two decades ago.
Although several papers on fisheries of the central and eastern Black Sea coast have been
available since the 1950s, the western Black Sea has been neglected with respect to
ichthyofaunal surveys. Of the 121 species inventoried in this survey (Annexes 3,6), all are
native species except for Liza haematocheila (Figure 3.5). Only the bluntnose six-gill shark
(Hexanchus griseus) was not directly observed but based on third party reports from a local
news agency (Figure 3.6). It is worth mentioning that only one six-gill shark specimen had been
recorded previously, from the Bosphorus entrance of the Black Sea (Kabasakal, 2004).
Slastenenko (1956) states that the species is likely to enter the Black Sea but, from the paucity of
records, it can be assumed the recent occurrence of H. griseus on the Kirklareli coast is rare and
an established population is unlikely.
Figure 3.5 Liza haematocheila, an exotic species (Photograph by Murat Kaya)
28
Figure 3.3 A single specimen of H. griseus (370 cm in total length) was caught by a fishing
vessel, owned by Altan and Ömer Orakci, on 03 March 2009 off Igneada coasts. The
fishermen claimed that the shark was harming their nets. After being on sale locally
for 5 days, the fish was sold to a fishery firm in Tekirdag (http://haber.kirklareli.net).
Threatened species
The conservation status of marine fishes is reviewed in Annex 6 (Table A6.1) according to a
variety of sources, based on the IUCN red list categories (http://www.redlist.org) and
appendices of the Bern Convention (http://conventions.coe.int). The IUCN regional red list
information for cartilaginous fishes is taken from Cavanagh and Gibson (2007), while data for
Black Sea sturgeon stocks (Acipenseridae) is already included in the IUCN global red list (2009).
A recent red list of Turkish marine fish was also considered (Fricke et al., 2007). Apart from
IUCN Red List categories, Fricke et al. (2007) used an additional category, namely TM, for
threatened migrants in the case of marine fish with large distribution ranges. A species classified
as ‘TM’ might be Endangered or Critically Endangered elsewhere but occurs in the area only as a
straggler. Some threatened migrants have extremely wide distribution ranges and are stragglers
throughout their ranges.
Finally, species listed in the Black Sea Red Data Book (Anonymous, 1997) were taken into
account but this list is far from complete and has not been updated since 1999 (see relevant
website for full account).
In summary, eight species are listed by IUCN (2009) as globally threatened:

Angel shark (Squatina squatina) is Critically Endangered.

Three sturgeon fishes (Acipenser nudiventris, A. gueldenstaedtii and A. stellatus) and beluga
(Huso huso) are Endangered.

Piked dogfish (Squalus acanthias), Gymnura altavela and Alosa immaculate are Vulnerable.
All of these are listed similarly in the IUCN Regional Red List (2007), with the exception of
Gymnura altavela, a migrant species, which is listed as Critically Endangered. In the Turkish Red
List (Fricke et al., 2007), the angel shark, all three sturgeon species and beluga are listed as
Critically Endangered. A further two species, northern bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and
Twaite shad (Alosa fallax), are considered to be Critically Endangered at national level, along
with a further seven species as Endangered and 35 species as Vulnerable. Thus, approximately
45% (54 species) of inventoried marine fishes are nationally threatened.
3.3
HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND TREE-DWELLING BATS
The results of a 15-day field survey of herpetofauna (amphibians, tortoises, lizards and snakes),
dormice and tree-dwelling bats in 36 different localities (see Figure 2.4), undertaken during 1420 June 2009 and 15-24 July 2009, have contributed substantively to knowledge about the
distribution and status of species within the Project area, although no species have been newly
recorded as shown from a comparison between Tables 2.1 and 3.1. Thus, the inventories remain
unchanged for amphibians with 9 species, reptiles 27 species, dormice 2 species and bats with
25 species but field data are much more robust as a result of these recent surveys. Many species
have been recorded within a greater number of habitats in many more locations, as evident from
the locality records (Table A8.1) and images in Annex 8.
The amphibian species Rana ridibunda and R. dalmatina were encountered in forested areas
within the Project area. Toads (Bufo bufo and B. viridis) were observed in open forests and forest
meadows at night.
Spur-thighed tortoise (Testuda greaca) is the most common species in the Project area but T.
hermanni, restricted in its distribution to Thrace Region, is present, although it has been
observed in decreasing numbers year by year.
29
The striped-necked terrapin (Mauremys caspica) and the European pond terrapin (Emys
orbicularis) was seen in streams, especially slow-running ones, either alone or together in the
same habitat.
Lizards and snakes were observed in forests, open forest areas, forest meadows and along road
sides. Common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis), Balkan green lizard (Lacerta trilineata) and
meadow lizard (Darevskia praticola), grass snake (Natrix natrix), dice snake (N. tessellata) and
Caspian whip snake (Coluber caspius) were the most commonly seen species. Venomous snakes
were seen rarely, with transdanubian sand viper (Vipera ammodytes) observed more than rock
viper (V. xanthini).
Dormice and tree-dwelling bats were surveyed in closed and open forests, meadows, wetlands,
streams and caves. Fruits, especially of beech, oak, apple, plum and nut trees (e.g. hazel and
walnut) in mixed forest play are an important food source for small herbivorous mammalian
species.
Daubenton’s bat (Myotis daubenton) and noctule (Nyctalus noctula) were caught in mist nets in
forests and by-streams. They were recorded in greater numbers than any other bat species. A
number of caves (i.e. Dupnisa, Tripez, Karlık, Keçi and Kovantaş) were visited and data on
species roosting here and on their colonies were obtained. No evidence of the greater noctule
bat (Nyctalus lasiopterus) was found despite searching for this species, which has been recorded
from a few localities in Turkey in pine plantations (Pinus nigra, P. pinea, P. brutia, P. maritima).
Nestboxes were used in addition to live catch traps for dormice specimens. Also, forests were
surveyed at night to monitor edible dormouse (Glis glis) behaviour on trees. Use of nestboxes
placed previously in Dereköy, Demirköy - Governor graveyard (Vali Mezarlığı), Çakmaktepe,
Fidanlık (nursery garden) and Kastro provided additional information.
The forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula), present in dense populations in other parts of Thrace,
was rarely captured in nestboxes within the Yildiz Mountains. The rare mouse-tailed dormouse
(Myomimus roachi), was not recorded in the Project area. The presence of the hazel dormouse
(Muscardinus avellanrius), which is found in Europe and Anatolia, remains uncertain and has yet
to be confirmed.
3.4
LARGE AND OTHER SMALL MAMMALS
The results of the small mammal trapping survey are summarised in Table 3.5, based on the
raw data provided in Annex 9 (Table A9.1). They show that the striped field mouse (Apodemus
agrarius) and yellow-necked mouse (A. flavicollis) are ubiquitous and numerous in their
distributions, with the exception of pine plantations in the case of the former species. Gunther’s
vole (Microtus guentheri) is quite common in forest openings, at least in the one site surveyed.
This species had not been recorded previously within the Project area.
Table 3.5 Numbers of small mammals trapped over 3-4 consecutive days in five habitat types
during July-August 2009. (See Annex 9 for full details)
Location / Habitat
1. Mert Gölü / Orman
içi Sulak Alana Yakın
2. Dupnisa Cave/
Forest opening
3. Avcılar village /
agricultural field
4. Sislioba village /
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
20.07.2009
21.07.2009
22.07.2009
Apodemus agrarius 19 Apodemus agrarius 33 Apodemus agrarius 38
Apodemus flavicollis 15 Apodemus flavicollis 15 Apodemus flavicollis 7
Crocidura sp. 1
Neomys sp. 1
23.07.2009
24.07.2009
25.07.2009
Microtus guentheri 5 Microtus guentheri 5 Microtus guentheri 8
26.07.2009
27.07.2009
28.07.2009
29.07.2009
Apodemus flavicollis 3 Apodemus flavicollis 1 Apodemus flavicollis 1 Apodemus flavicollis 1
Microtus guentheri 1 Microtus guentheri 1
Microtus guentheri 1
30.07.2009
31.07.2009
01.08.2009
02.08.2009
30
Oak - Beech Forest
Erinaceus concolor 1
Glis glis 1
5. İğneada–Demirköy /
03.08.2009
04.08.2009
05.08.2009
06.08.2009
Pine plantation
Another group of mammalogists (Şafak Bulut from Hitit University and Murat Doğan from
Ankara University) was studying small mammals, targeting Microtus species, in the Project area
during the same period. They targeted Microtus subterraneus at Balaban Bridge by laying traps
in ferns and blackberry bushes, and Microtus guentheri at Dupnisa Cave by placing traps in front
of the burrow entrances of this species. To check for insectivores, three sites were trapped for
three days using fish as bait. Their results, shared with this Project (Table 3.6), show that
Apodemus species were the most commonly trapped small mammals, even when insectivores
are targeted by using fish meat.
Table 3.6 Numbers of small mammals trapped by Şafak Bulut and Murat Doğan (pers. comm.)
Location / Habitat
Date
Balaban Bridge - shrubs
21 July
22 July
Dupnisa Cave – open areas
23-24 July
Mert - Longos
28-30 July
İğneada-Demirköy way - Asker Stream 28-30 July
İğneada-Demirköy way – nursery
28-30 July
No. Apodemus
traps
agrarius
80
3
59
7
120
0
45
6
45
0
45
4
Apodemus
flavicollis
10
14
12
5
6
5
Crocidura
leucodon
1
0
0
1
0
0
Microtus
guentheri
0
0
19
0
0
0
It is possible to compare and combine the results of these two studies because traps were set
about 10 m apart over a total sampling line of approximately 900 m. (In restricted areas, such as
agricultural field and open forests, an S-like route was tracked, with 10 m between traps.)
Trapping proved to be a moderately effective means of generating information on species
diversity and abundance in different habitats, with an overall success rate of 19% (Table 3.7).
Longos forest was by far the richest habitat for small mammals, based on a 46% rate of trapping,
followed by open forest and streams with an understory of shrubs, and then pine plantation.
Least productive in terms of small mammals is agricultural field (Table 3.7). The higher
productivity of pine plantation versus mixed forest with respect to small mammals is surprising,
especially since pine forest does not occur naturally in Turkish Thrace, and warrants further
investigation, especially given the small sample size.
Table 3.7 Trapping success in different locations and habitats, based on combined surveys.
Location
Around Mert lake
Avcılar village
Around Dupnisa cave
Sislioba village
Balaban bridge
İğneada–Demirköy way
Total
Habitat
No. days
No. traps
Longos
Field
Open forest area
Mixed forest
Shrubs by stream
Pine plantation
3
4
3
4
2
4
93
91
92
91
80 + 59
90
No. trap
days
279
464
276
364
139
360
1,882
No traps days
successful
129
9
70
46
35
64
353
% trap days
successful
46.2
2.5
25.4
12.6
25.2
17.8
18.8
The most widespread and abundant species, as previously assessed, is Apodemus flavicollis; also
numerous but more restricted in its distribution is Apodemus agrarius (Table 3.8). Other
species appear to be restricted to one or two habitat types and their numbers appear to be
comparatively low. However, more extensive, longer term studies are necessary to substantiate
these initial findings.
31
Table 3.8 Number of individuals trapped in different locations (habitats), classified by species
and based on combined surveys.
Species
Apodemus flavicollis
Apodemus agrarius
Microtus guentheri
Glis glis
Erinaceus concolor
Crocidura leucodon
Neomys anomalus
Around
Avcılar
Dupnisa
Sislioba
Balaban
İğneada –
Mert Lake Village
Cave
Village
Bridge
Demirköy
37 (28.9%)
6 (66.7%) 52 (74.3%) 44 (95.65%) 24 (69.6%) 64 (100%)
90 (69.8%)
10 (28.6%)
3 (33.3%) 18 (25.7%)
1 (2.2%)
1 (2.2%)
1 (0.8%)
1 (2.9%)
1 (0.8%)
-
Total
(all sites)
227 (64.3%)
100 (28.3%)
21 (6.0%)
1 (0.3%)
1 (0.3%)
2 (0.6%)
1 (0.3%)
The most widespread and abundant species, as previously assessed, is Apodemus flavicollis; also
numerous but more restricted in its distribution is Apodemus agrarius (Table 3.8). Other
species appear to be restricted to one or two habitat types and their numbers appear to be
comparatively low. However, more extensive, longer term studies are necessary to substantiate
these initial findings.
Table 3.9 Opportunistic encounters with mammal in 2009 while surveying birds (Korhan
Ozkan, pers. comm.)
Species
Group Easting Northing Altit- Datum Date
size
ude m
Vulpes vulpes (tilki) 2
Sciurus vulgaris
3
Tursiops truncatus 1
Canis aureus
1
Canis aureus
1
Felis silvestris
1
Glis glis
Mustela putorius
1
Capreolus capreolus 1
Martes foina
1
Sciurus vulgaris
1
Meles meles
1
Meles meles
1
Meles meles
1
Phocoena phocoean 1
Martes foina
1
Martes martes
1
Lutra lutra
1
580424
580446
586347
583481
581130
555253
558370
553484
4636997
4636661
4646022
4640330
4642901
4633113
4631923
4630186
50 wgs84
41 wgs84
17 wgs84
50 wgs84
98 wgs84
575 wgs84
640 wgs84
510 wgs84
30 April
30 April
2 May
2 May
2 May
12 May
13 May
25 June
12 July
12 July
12 July
12 July
13 July
3 July
12 July
11 July
15 June
13 June
Time
Locality
09:00
09:35
07:20
22:15
23:00
22:00
22:43
01:00
21:00
21:00
13:00
13:00
11:00
01:00
09:00
15:00
09:00
05:45
Iğneada
Iğneada
Beğendik
Limanköy
Limanköy
Balaban
Balaban
Exact locality
Longos
mandacı kadının tarlası
Longos
mandacı kadının tarlası
Saka longosu
Saka longosu
Saka longosu
fidanlık
Sislioba
Saka longosu
Beğendik
Avcılar-karacadağ
Saka longosu
RK
RK
RK
RK
RK
RK: Road Kill
32
Wild boar (Sus scrofa)
European Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus)
Red Deer (Cervus elaphus)
Wild cat (Felis silvestris)
Grey Wolf (Canis lupus), Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra), Beech Marten (Martes
and Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
foina), European Polecat (Mustela putorius) and
Least Weasel (Mustela nivalis)
Figure 3.4 Locations of large mammal species recorded in the proposed Yildiz Mountains
Biosphere. Record locations are shown by coloured dots that correspond to
individual species in the map legends. Records were obtained from observations
made during this survey, observations from researchers engaged in other surveys
and conversations with hunters and villagers. These maps do not necessarily reflect
the distribution of these species in the Project area; they reflect only record points.
33
4.
DISCUSSION
4.1
ODONATA AND LEPIDOPTERA
A number of species have been recorded from the vicinity of the Project area but their
occurrence within proposed Yildiz Mountain Biosphere awaits confirmation, as follows:

Sympetrum pedemontanum (Allioni, 1766) (Anisoptera: Libellulidae) (Kalkman and Pelt,
2006b) was recorded from canals 1 km north-west of Inece Village, which is located to the
west of Kırklareli.

Orthetrum albistylum (Sélys, 1848) was recorded from Kanlıdere in Pehlivanköy (Pisicã, E.
and Popescu-Mirceni, R., 2008).

Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer, 1776) from Zygoptera suborder and Coenagrionidae family
was recorded in? Kofçaz, and Ischnura pumilio (Charpentier, 1825) in Yoğuntaş (Kırklareli)
near the study area (Hacet ve Aktaç, 1997; Kalkman, 2006).
There are a number of other anomalous records. Lestes viridis (Vander Linden, 1825)
(Zygoptera: Lestidae) was recorded in the area by Hacet ve Aktaç (1997) but Kalkman (2006)
states that this species is not present in Turkey. Similarly, Somatochlora metallica (Vander
Linden, 1825) (Anisoptera: Corduliidae) was recorded by Hacet ve Aktaç (1997) from Yeniceköy
(Pınarhisar) and Saray (Tekirdağ). Again, this species is not known to occur in Turkey; it occurs
in the mountains of south-west Bulgaria (Kalkman, 2006).
4.2
FRESHWATER FISHES
A total of 28 taxa belonging to 10 families were recorded in this survey (see Table 3.2). This list
is compared with earlier inventories that, combined, total 39 species (Table 4.1). Balık (1985)
lists 26 taxa belonging to 11 families from the region. Erdem et al. (1994) reported Cyprinus
carpio, Stizostedion lucioperca, Squalius cephalus and Alburnoides bipunctatus, in addition to
Scardinius erythrophthalmus and Carassius carassius in Hamam Lake. Fifteen species were
recorded in Mert, Erikli, Hamam, Saka and Deniz lakes, Arnavut and Sivriler streams by the GEF2 Project and a further 12 species are cited in the literature as being present in this region (ÇOB,
2004). On re-examination of Carassius samples, which are conserved in the Museum of Ege
University Fisheries Faculty Inland Water Fish Collection (ESFM-PISI), İlhan et al. (2005)
confirmed C. gibelio as having been sampled from Saka Lake and Arnavut stream, and C. auratus
and C. gibelio from Bulanık stream.
Comparison between species inventoried in this survey and in previous studies shows that:

Alosa caspia, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Liza aurata, Neogobius eurycephalus, Knipowitschia
caucasica and Lepomis gibbosus were recorded for the first time within the Project area.

Anguilla anguilla, Alburnus alburnus, Carassius carassius, Syngnathus abaster, Liza ramada
(= Mugil ramada), Sander lucioperca (= Sizostedion lucioperca), Neogobius gymnotrachelus
(= Gobius gymnotrachelus), Mesogobius batrachocephalus (= Gobius batrachocephalus) and
Platichthys flesus (= Pleuronectes flesus) reported by Balık (1985), and Aspius aspius and
Chondrostoma nasus reported by ÇOB (2004) were not recorded in the present study.

Of these 11 species, Carassius carassius, Syngnathus abaster, Liza ramada, Neogobius
gymnotrachelus, Platichthys flesus, Mesogobius bactrachocephalus and Sander lucioperca
(seven species) were not encountered during the present survey most likely because they
are rare or occasional.

The other four species (Alburnus alburnus, Anguilla anguilla, Aspius aspius and
Chondrostoma nasus), included by Kaya et al. (2009) in their inventory of freshwater fish
for the Project area (see Annex 1), are thought unlikely to be present because either their
habitat requirements are not consistent with the localities listed or they have been
34
recorded within Thrace but not specifically in the Project area. Thus, these species have
been excluded from the current inventory of freshwater fish for the proposed Yildiz
Mountains Biosphere (see Annex 3).
Table 4.1 Inventory of freshwater fish species in the Yildiz Mountains derived from various
authorities, with their global (IUCN, 2009) and national conservation status(Fricke et
al., 2007). New records from the present survey are highlighted. Species inferred as
present by some authorities but either are not known to occur in Turkey or have not
been specifically recorded in the Yildiz Mountains of Turkish Thrace are crossed out.
Taxa
IUCN,
2009
LC
Frick et
al., 2007
VU
Balık
(1985)
+
+
+
Erdem et
al. (1994)
+
ÇOB
(2004)
R
R
+
İlhan et al.
(2005)
Present
study
+
Alburnoides bipunctatus
Alburnus alburnus
Alburnus chalcoides
LC
EN
Alosa caspia
LC
RE
Anguilla anguilla
+
Aspius aspius
+
Atherina boyeri
LC
LC
+
+
Barbus tauricus escherichi
VU
EN
+
R
Carassius carassius
LC
LC
+
+
+
+
Carassius gibelio
LC
+
Chondrostoma nasus
+
Cobitis taenia
LC
+
R
Cyprinus carpio
VU
LC
+
+
+
Gambusia affinis
NE
+
Gasterosteus aculeatus
LC
DD
+
R
Gobio gobio
LC
LC
+
+
Knipowitschia caucasica
LC
VU
Lepomis gibbosus
NE
Liza aurata
DD
Liza ramada
LC
LC
+
R
Mesogobius batrachocephalus
LC
DD
+
Mugil cephalus
LC
LC
+
Neogobius eurycephalus
LC
DD
Neogobius fluviatilis
LC
DD
+
+
Neogobius gymnotrachelius
LC
EN
+
R
LC
DD
+
+
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Petroleuciscus borysthenicus
LC
EN
+
R
Phoxinus phoxinus
LC
EN
+
Platichthys flesus
LC
NT
+
R
Proterorhinus marmoratus
DD
+
Rhodeus amarus
LC
VU
+
+
Rutilus rutilus
LC
LC
+
Salmo trutta
LC
CR
+
Sander lucioperca
LC
LC
+
+
R
Scardinius erythrophthalmus
LC
NT
+
+
Squalius cephalus
LC
LC
+
+
+
Syngnathus abaster
LC
DD
+
R
Vimba vimba
LC
DD
+
R
RE: Regionally Extinct, CR: Critically Endangered, EN: Endangered, VU: Vulnerable, NT: Near Threatened, LC:
Concern, DD: Data Deficient, NE: Not Evaluated. R: Reported elsewhere in the literature.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Least
Two species are globally threatened, both being Vulnerable (Crimea barbell, Barbus tauricus
escherichi, and common carp Cyprinus carpio). Many more are nationally threatened, including
the brown trout which is Critically Endangered (Table 4.1) Noteworthy is the record of Alosa
35
caspia, which was found at just one location, Deniz Lake (see Table 3.2). This species was
considered to be Regionally Extinct (Fricke et al., 2007).
In conclusion, freshwater fish within the Project area do not seem to be at great risk from
environmental threats of heavy industrialization and excessive population pressures. However,
further development of schemes to transport freshwater to big cities and industries is likely to
lead to significant problems.
The water of Pabuç and Kazan streams are currently used as drinking water for İstanbul City.
Other streams in this region (especially Bulanık Stream) should be conserved from such
activities. Erikli and Mert lakes were exposed to intensive domestic sewage because of tourism
activities around İğneada. The construction of a sewage treatment plant and limitation of
tourism activities would help to address this risk. Alternative tourism enterprises should also be
considered.
Another hazard is alien species entering aquatic systems. The alien species, Oncorhynchus
mykiss, Carassius gibelio, Gambusia affinis and Lepomis gibbosus were identified during this
study. Their abundance of these species should be monitored in all habitats. Such work should
be accompanied by regular monitoring of other native species, both those having a wide
distribution (i.e. Salmo trutta, Phoxinus phoxinus, Gobio gobio, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Barbus
tauricus escherichi, Alburnus chalcoides and Squalius cephalus) and those with more limited
distributions (i.e. Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Vimba vimba, Gasterosteus aculaetus and
Knipowitschia caucasia).
4.3
MARINE FISHES
The Black Sea is the largest land-locked basin in the world, where drastic changes have occurred
between the 1970s and late 1990s due to eutrophication (excessive nutrient enrichment), riverborne pollution, invasion by non-indigenous species and the increasing trend of fisheries, all of
which lead to severe alterations in the ecosystem (Ozsoy and Unluata, 1997; Lancelot et al.,
2002; Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Savini, 2003). As a result, fish fauna (together with other biota)
have undergone considerable changes in the Black Sea, often characterised by a significant
decrease in abundance of commercial species. Moreover, some species have disappeared from
the fishery, resulting in changes to the previously dominant species.
The western shelf (especially the north-west) of the Black Sea area is of special importance as
the main spawning and nursery grounds for high value commercial fish species, such as anchovy
(Engraulis encrasicolus), Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) and turbot (Psetta maeotica)
(Slastanenko, 1956). River induced productivity, shallow and broad shelf area, and high
abundance of macrophytes oxygenating the water column as deep as 60 m are suggested to be
the main causes for the historical preference of this area by important fish stocks (Gücü, 1997).
Existing rivers (such as the Danube, Dnieper, Dniester etc.) play a conspicuous role in ecosystem
modification. For example, the Danube River receives effluents from eight European countries
and represents the most significant source of anthropogenic pollution in the north-west Black
Sea (Lancelot et al., 2002). Thus, the influence of rivers is more pronounced in this part of the
Black Sea than compared to the Caucasian coast or the eastern Black Sea. As the level of nutrient
enrichment has gradually increased, primary production and carrying capacity of the ecosystem
for small sized planktivorous fish has increased (Caddy et al., 1995). Following the significant
decline of large sized predators during the 1980s (as a result of overfishing), the ecological
environment in the north-west Black Sea has changed in favour of small pelagic fish (anchovy,
sprat etc.) parallel to improved food availability and removal of predation control by species
such as bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix), mackerel (Scomber scombrus) and Atlantic bonito (S.
sarda) (Gücü, 1997).
The introduction of an exotic ctenophore species (comb jelly, Mnemiopsis leidyi) complicated the
ecology in the mid-1980s. A huge population of comb jelly rapidly established itself throughout
the Black Sea and preyed heavily on anchovy eggs and larvae (Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Savini,
2003). Many scientists explain the anchovy collapse during the 1989/1990 fishing season as a
36
combination of ecosystem deterioration, overfishing and comb jelly invasion (BSC, 2008). The
arrival of a new species of another alien ctenophoran (Beroe ovata) during 1997 that feeds
almost exclusively on M. leidyi under Black Sea conditions decreased both the abundance of the
latter species and its impact on planktonic organisms. Since then, signs of negative influence of
comb jelly gradually decreased in several parts of the basin (Shiganova et al., 2001). There are
also recent reports of improvement in the status of some species (Mikhailov and Prodanov,
2003; Oven et al., 2009). No reports are available on the status of fishes and fishery activities
along the Kirklareli coast, and data obtained under Yildiz Mountains Biosphere Project are
important in helping to fill the knowledge gap.
The Black Sea fish fauna is mostly known by studies conducted along the coasts of Bulgaria,
Romania, Ukraine, Russia and, to a limited extent, Georgia. Some local checklists were previously
published, but none is complete. First, the taxonomy of many species is unresolved and requires
further detailed studies (e.g. Atherina mochon pontica is a valid species according to some
authors, while others regard it as a synonym of A. boyeri). Secondly, several species are found
both in the marine environment and in brackish waters, estuaries and rivers, which hinders
distinguishing true marine fish from others. Thirdly, “Mediterreanisation” of the Black Sea fauna
is continuing, meaning that previously unrecorded species are entering the basin through the
Turkish straits system. These issues frustrate any assessment of the Black Sea’s resident
ichthyofauna.
A total of 168 fish species has been reported for the entire basin by Zaitsev and Mamaev (1997),
which has increased in the last decade with the addition of several species. Thus, it may be
assumed that the supports nearly 180 species. Among local checklists, Bilecenoglu et al. (2002)
listed 151 species from the entire Black Sea coast of Turkey. In a recent paper by Stefanov
(2007), 134 species (excluding doubtful occurrences) are reported from the Bulgarian coast.
Fish fauna of the Crimean peninsula is represented by 79 species according to Salekhova et al.
(2007). The Georgian ichthyofauna includes 106 marine fish species (Ninua and Japoshvili,
2008). In comparison with the above mentioned species inventories, the recording of 121
species along the Kirklareli coasts (121 species) during the present survey indicates a relatively
high diversity of marine fish. Cryptobenthic fishes (i.e. species that hide under stones, rocks etc.)
should be meticulously studied further since new records (especially from the families Gobiidae,
Blenniidae and Gobiesocidae) are likely to be encountered. Recent findings of three fish
(Parablennius incognitus, P. zvonimiri and Salaria pavo) reported for the first time from the area
supports this view.
Only one non-native fish species (Liza haematocheila – haarder, Pacific mullet, pelingas) occurs
along the Kirklareli coast (see Figure 3.5). This species of eastern Asian origin was introduced
for aquaculture in the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea. It bred successfully in the area and even
penetrated to the Aegean Sea (Kaya et al., 1998). Biological studies of the Pacific mullet reveals
that the Black Sea stock has a higher growth rate and earlier age-at-first maturity compared to
the native grey mullet (Okumus and Bascinar, 1997). Negative impacts of L. haematocheila on
indigenous species has not been documented as yet. According to Zaitsev and Mamaev (1997),
the species feeds on small bottom-living organisms and, thus, does not compete with native grey
mullet. The species is caught by local fishermen from Kirklareli, generally in summer months,
but it should not be regarded as a target species due to its low/moderate commercial value.
The commercial catch of bottom trawlers fishing off Kirklareli coasts is quite similar to those of
the central and eastern Black Sea coasts of Turkey. In the western Black Sea, there are only five
commercial species for which the mean annual catch exceeds 1,000 tonnes (Annex 6, Table
A6.2), namely anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda), bluefish
(Pomatomus saltatrix), whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and red mullets (Mullus spp.).
In terms of commercial value, turbot (Psetta maeotica) is the most important fish but the local
stock seems to be overfished. The skipper and crew of the trawl vessel F/V Siklar mentioned the
scarcity of large sized turbots in their catch and the rare occurrence of juveniles and sub-adults,
37
indicating excessive pressure from fishing in the area (Figure 4.1). According to the former and
new presidents of the Igneada Fishery Cooperative (Ibrahim Metin and Numan Saglam,
respectively), a trawler can capture 4 or 5 turbots at most in a day (at least during the last
couple of years). Depending on the season, turbots are marketed at 30-120 TL/kg.
Figure 4.1 Juvenile specimen of Psetta maeotica captured by bottom trawl off the Igneada coast
(left); turbots at Kiyikoy fishing port brought by Romanian fishing boats.
During non-fishing months, turbots are brought to Igneada and Kiyikoy fishing ports by
Romanian fishermen. Several local fishermen indicated that turbot stocks along the Bulgarian,
Romanian and Russian coasts are in better condition and more abundant, which resulted in
trials of Turkish fishermen found fishing illegally for turbot along these coasts. According to FAO
Statistics (2007), the mean turbot catch at the Turkish Black Sea coast between 1970 and 2005
was 1,927 tonnes/year. Maximum production occurred during 1979 (5,250 tonnes), and the
lowest production was 203 tonnes in 2003. More recently in 2007, Turkey produced 769 tonnes
of turbot (346 tonnes from the western Black Sea) (Annex 6), clearly demonstrating the results
of overfishing. Kirklareli coast is one of the known feeding and spawning areas of turbot species
and conservation measures should be taken to enable the population to recover (Figure 4.2).
Figure 4.2 Feeding and spawning areas of turbot (left) and feeding areas of sturgeons (right) in
the Black Sea (UNEP/GRID-Arendal, 2001).
Anchovy, the dominant commercial catch along the entire basin, shows fluctuating catch values
during the last decade. A very sharp decrease occurred in 2005 (4,947 tonnes) in the western
Black Sea, but the annual harvest has since risen to 52,644 tonnes (Annex 6). Many local
fishermen indicated the intensive fishing of anchovy in the area, especially during the beginning
of the season (September) when several purse seine boats from the eastern and central Black
Sea visit the Kirklareli coast.
The decline in some other esteemed food fishes is more drastic – for example, Atlantic bonito
has decreased almost 20-fold and bluefish over 4-fold since 2005. Such negative shifts are due to
the combined effects of overfishing and inappropriate management of existing stocks. Minimum
38
landing sizes are regulated by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and notified in its fishery
bulletin. Specimens of Atlantic bonito and bluefish larger than 25 cm and 14 cm, respectively, are
legally allowed to be caught. These sizes are well below the lengths at first maturity (length at
which 50% of the individuals in the population are mature), which are 37-39 cm (total length)
for Atlantic bonito (Ates et al., 2008), and 25.4 cm (fork length) for bluefish (Ceyhan et al., 2007).
According to accepted international standards, fishery regulations should permit a population to
spawn at least once prior to its harvest. Thus, current landing sizes in the official fishery bulletin
are far from maintaining sustainable fisheries and, more likely, will increase the risk of species’
collapse in the short/mid-term.
Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and Atlantic mackerel (S. scombrus) are prominent examples
of such a trend. Only 3 and 2 tonnes, respectively, were landed in 2007 along the entire western
Black Sea coast (Annex 6). Two other species, swordfish and Atlantic bluefin tuna, are believed
to be extinct along the Kirklareli coast according to local fishermen and official fishery statistics
(no landings recorded for either species since 2001).
The decline in local fish stocks has influenced the type of fishery vessels. The numbers of trawl
and purse seine boats operating at the western Black Sea are in decline, while the numbers of
“mixed” boats (fishing both by trawl and purse seines) are tending to increase (Figure 4.3).
Number of vessels
250
200
150
Trawl-Pseine
100
Trawl
Purse seine
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
0
1998
50
Years
Figure 4.2 Changes in number of trawl, purse seine and trawl+purse seine boats along the
western Black Sea coast of Turkey (TSI, 2009).
Analyses of the available published information on threatened fishes showed that the number of
species evaluated according to IUCN categories differs significantly. A total of 8 species are
threatened (under the categories of CR, EN and VU) at global level (IUCN, 2009). This number is
25 in the Black Sea Red Data Book (Anonymous, 1997) and 54 in the more recent Turkish Fishes
Red List (Fricke et al., 2007). Such discrepancies arise mainly from the lack of an updated red list
of Black Sea fishes and from the scarcity of knowledge about the local status of certain species.
For example, sturgeons (Acipenseridae) in Turkey are best known from four river basins at the
central and eastern Black Sea coasts (Kizilirmak, Yesilirmak, Sakarya and Çoruh rivers)
(Ustaoglu and Okumus, 2004) but not even a single study has been conducted to date on the
sturgeon population along the Kirklareli coast. Numan Saglam (President of Fishery
Cooperative) mentioned the capture of two very large belugas (Huso huso) from Kirklareli
shores (weighing 247 and 320 kg) during the late 1990s. He also stated that sturgeons (mostly
39
the starry sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus, and Russian sturgeon, A. gueldenstaedtii) were also
fished by bottom trawlers (at a depth of 40- 50 fathoms) and special gill-nets at the same period.
Due to a severe decline in sturgeon stocks, their fishing was completely banned in 1997 by the
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, but incidental catches of a few specimens are still
observed in some localities of the Turkish Black Sea coast (Ustaoglu and Okumus, 2004). The
entire marine coastline of the proposed Yildiz Mountains Biosphere is a potential feeding area
for sturgeons (Figure 4.2) and the possibility of previously unrecorded spawning sites should
not be neglected. Trawlers of Igneada and Kiyikoy still capture small sized sturgeons (40–50 cm
in length), which should be carefully monitored.
Conclusion and recommendations for marine fishes
1. Kirklareli Province has 60 km of coastline, all of which lies within the proposed Yildiz
Mountains Biosphere. Although it constitutes only 4.3% of the entire Turkish Black Sea
coast, the local ichthyofauna is rich and merits appropriate management measures to
protect biodiversity and sustain its utilisation as a fishery. Such measures will need to be
better informed by further detailed taxonomical and ecological studies to provide a sound
basis for conservation planning (see below).
2. According to official records of the Kirklareli harbour master, there are a total of 192
registered fishery vessels (130 in Kiyikoy and 62 in Igneada fishing ports), from which 44
operate as trawl/purse seine boats. This number reaches 350-500 fishery vessels by the
beginning of the fishing season, since hundreds of boats come to the area from other parts
of the Black Sea to capture commercial stocks. Several local fishermen have complained
about this situation because many purse seine boats originating from the eastern Black Sea
use technological instruments (satellites, echo-sounders) for fishing anchovy, Atlantic
bonito, bluefish etc., unlike the Kirklareli fishermen, who still prefer traditional techniques.
Since many fish stocks in the area give their highest catch during their seasonal migrations,
the presence of hundreds of fishing boats at that time causes great fishing pressure. The
President of the Fishery Cooperative (supported by dozens of its members) suggests a
quota system, which is likely to be the best way to conserve existing commercial stocks.
However, concrete data is required to regulate local fisheries and the population dynamics
of highly commercial species should be studied, in order to determine maximum
sustainable yields and permissible off takes. The minimum landing sizes given in the
official Fishery Bulletin should also be revised accordingly in the light of scientific research
results.
3. Special emphasis should be given to ecological studies of threatened species, especially for
those commercially exploited and subjected to fishing pressure. Official fishery statistics
indicate the significant severe decline of mackerels (Scomber spp.), dogfish shark (Squalus
acanthias) etc. Understanding the biological characteristics of threatened fish will enable
appropriate conservation measures to be taken.
4.4
HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND TREE-DWELLING BATS
The forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula), present in dense populations in other regions of
Thrace, was rarely captured in nest boxes placed in the Yildiz Mountains. The mouse-tailed
dormouse (Myomimus roachi), a rare dormouse species, was not found in the Project area and
the possible presence of the hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanrius), distributed in Europe
and Anatolia, remains uncertain.
The amphibian species marsh frog (Rana ridibunda) and agile frog (R. dalmatina) were
encountered in forest areas within the Project area; and common toad (Bufo bufo) and European
green toad (B. viridis) were observed in open forest areas and forest meadows during night
hours.
40
Spur-thighed tortoise (Testuda greaca) is the most common species found in the Project area but
Hermann’s tortoise (T. hermanni), peculiar to Thrace, is present although it has been observed
year-by-year with decreasing frequency.
The striped-necked terrapin (Mauremys caspica) and the European pond terrapin (Emys
orbicularis) were seen in streams, especially slow-running ones, either alone or together.
During field work in closed and open forests, forest meadows and along road sides, Podarcis
muralis, Lacerta trilineata and Darevskia praticola and Natrix natrix, N. tessellata and Coluber
caspius were the most commonly seen lizard and snake species, respectively. Venomous snakes
were observed rarely, with Vipera ammodytes observed more often than V. xanthini.
Threats include the following:

Destruction of old and especially hole-bearing trees negatively affects all faunal elements
of the forest including bats. The places where forestry activities are not taking place should
be given protected status and nest boxes should be hung on trees, besides constructing bat
houses for them to use.

Both Testuda greaca and T. hermanni, as well Rana ridibunda, are collected from the region
and exported. It is a necessity to prevent such application on these animals with legal
measures that have been/would be taken. All of these species are protected under the
provisions of the Bern Convention (Annexes II and III).

Damming of streams that flow into the Black Sea in order to provide drinking water for
Istanbul not only negatively affects Longos forests fed by these streams but also the
reduced water flows in these streams threatens aquatic life.

All the trees inside the area of Kıyıköy and Kızılağaç are being gradually cut by leaving tree
patches in order to obtain forest products. The cut trees are mainly used for charcoal
production and such activities have a great impact on forest fauna and flora. Other forest
areas are used for timber production but the numbers of protected areas (i.e. Kastro
Nature Park) have been increasing with recent measures.
4.5
SMALL MAMMALS
All small mammal species had previously been recorded from the Project area, with the
exception of Microtus guentheri which is a new addition to the inventory. The survey generated
many new distributional records for small mammals, as well as information on species richness
and relative abundance in different habitat types.
The results, albeit limited with respect to the coverage of the Project area and sampling
intensity, indicate that Longos forest is most important habitat type and should be strictly
protected. The health of Longos forest depends on the quality and quantity of inflowing waters,
which is why it is vital to protect the sources of the catchments of the rivers and streams that
flow into it. To transport water elsewhere from the Project area for irrigation or drinking
purposes may cause irreversible damages to Longos forest, as may the construction of dams.
Pine forest is not native to the area and may negatively affect the local mammalian fauna. Such
plantations should be gradually replaced by native tree species.
Plant remains and old and fallen trees provide important nesting places for some small mammal
species. Hence, it is essential for some parts of forests to be left undisturbed.
4.6
LARGE MAMMALS
All of the large mammals were previously recorded from the Project area. Some additional
distributional records were gained from the survey. The main threat to large mammals such as
roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) is illegal hunting. Most villagers
said that C. elaphus sometimes crosses from the Bulgarian side of the border into Turkey but
only a few ever return because of hunting on the Turkish side. Thus, protection from hunting is a
pre-requisite to the re-establishment of healthy breeding populations. It is also important to
41
maintain a mosaic of open and closed canopy forest as open areas are important as grazing and
rutting grounds. Such open areas should not be re-afforested.
Most other large mammals, such as wolf, fox, badger and martens are carnivores, which depend
on a variety of herbivores for their survival as viable breeding populations. They are
infrequently seen and require much more detailed and extensive surveys in order to be able to
assess their distribution and conservation status within the Project area.
42
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48
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49
ANNEXES
ANNEX 1: FAUNAL RESEARCH UNDERTAKEN
(KAYA ET AL., 2009)
IN
YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
PRIOR TO
1 Rapid survey of fauna in
Longos Forest
Igneada
2 İğneada Longozu ve Çeresi
Faunal Revizyonu
İğneada, Demirköy,
Dereköy, Dubnisa,
Fidanlık,
3 Atlas of Mammals
İğneada, Demirköy,
Dereköy, Dubnisa
Lepidopter
a
Odonata
Date of
research
No.
sites
Amphibians
Fish
Location
Reptiles
Short title of research
09/2000- 49 191 13
08/2006
6 27
61 22 12
2002- 65 197 27
2007
9 38
61 22
Birds
Ref.
no.
Mammals
Total no. species inventoried Method
2009
Data
availability
Digital Paper
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
1999 29
No
Yes
4 Rodents of Turkiye
2006 14
No
Yes
5 Mammals of Turkey and
Cyprus I
2001
7
4
No
Yes
6 Mammals of Turkey and
Cyprus II
2005
4
6
No
Yes
7 Türkiye Memelileri
1996 49
No
Yes
20
8 Biology of Glis glis
Demirköy, Kıyıköy
19982003
1
Yes
Yes
9 Dupnisa bats
Dupnisa Cave
2003- 16
2005
Yes
Yes
10 Apodemus cinsi
Velika, İğneada
11 A. Agrarius
Demirköy, İğneada,
12 Smal carnivore
Demirköy
13 Trakya Ornito - faunası
Üzerine Araştırmalar I
İğneada- Demirköy,
Kıyıköy
19871996
149
14 Bird Species (Aves) of Mert
and Erikli Lakes (Kırklareliİğneada).
Mert Gölü Erikli Gölü
1998
15 The Importance of Mert and
Erikli Lakes (Kırklareliİğneada) Regarding Bird
Fauna and Some Ecological
Problems.
Mert Gölü Erikli Gölü
16 A preliminary study on the
birds of the Istranca
Mountains, Turkey
Istranca Mountains
17 Yılanlar
Demirköy, İğneada,
18 3 kertenkele cinsi
Dereköy
19 Amphibia
20 Amfibiler
Dereköy, Demirköy,
İğneada
21 Trakya Bölgesi Balıkları
Kazandere, Aksicim dersi
Pabuçdere Sivriler deresi,
Değirmendere, Pedina
gölü, Mert Gölü, Hamam
Gölü, Saka Gölü,
Çavuşdere, Rezve deresi,
Velika deresi, Paspala
deresi
22 Hamam gölü Balıkları
Hamam Gölü
2004
3
3
Yes
No
19951996
1
2
Yes
No
1993
1
No
Yes
3
Yes
Yes
89
2
Yes
Yes
19941996
89
2
No
Yes
2002
149
3
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
1
Yes
No
No
Yes
5
No
Yes
24
13
No
Yes
6
1
No
Yes
1998
3
19771981
3
1996
8
1994
6
50
23 Carassius cinsi dağılımı
Saka Gölü, Bulanıkdere,
Arnavutdere
24 Trakya Bölgesi (Istranca
Dağları) Gündüz Kelebekleri
Igneada, Vize-Kıyıköy,
Demirköy, Dereköy,
Velika,
1982
Lepidopter
a
Odonata
Date of
research
Amphibians
Fish
Location
Reptiles
Short title of research
Birds
Ref.
no.
Mammals
Total no. species inventoried Method
3
No.
sites
Data
availability
Digital Paper
3
Yes
No
19871988
138
6
No
Yes
25 Türkiye Lepidoptera Faunası Demirköy
İçin Yeni Kayıtlar
19871991
1
1
No
Yes
26 Trakya Bölgesi Noctuidae
İğneada, Vize, Kıyıköy,
(Lepidoptera) Familyası
Demirköy, Velika
Türlerinin Tesbiti Çalışmaları
II.
19871995
1
5
No
Yes
19871995
5
2
No
Yes
19911993
17
2
Yes
No
55
4
Yes
No
27 Trakya Bölgesi Heterocera
(Lepidoptera) Faunasına
Katkılar.
Limanköy, İğneada
28 Trakya Bölgesi Geometridae Vize-Kıyıköy
Türlerinin Taksonomik ve
Faunistik Yönden
Araştırılması. Checklist of the
Geometridae of European
Turkey, with new records
(Lepidoptera)
29 Checklist of the Geometridae Demirköy, Dereköy,
of European Turkey, with new Velika, İğneada
records (Lepidoptera)
30 New records from Turkish
Thrace
Demirköy, Kastro
07/199206/1993
3
2
No
yes
31 Odonata fauna of Turkish
Thrace
Kıyıköy, Kastro
19921993
25
4
No
Yes
32 Odonata fauna of Turkish
Thrace
Kıyıköy, Kastro
19921993
1
1
No
Yes
1992
1
1
Yes
No
33 New record for Turkey, First Kıyıköy
descriptionof the female of S.
borisi
51
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15
16
17
18
19
20
MItchell-Jones, A. J., AmorI, G., BogdanowIcz, W., Krystufek, B., ReIjnders, P.J.H., SpItzenberger, F., Stubbe, M., ThIssen,
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Krystufek, B. AND Vohralik, V., (2001). Mammals of Turkey and Cyprus. Introduction, Checlist, Insectivora. Zgodovinsko
drustvo za juzno Primorsko Znanstveno-raziskovalno sredisce Republike Slovenije Koper. 140 pp. (Book)
Krystufe, B. and Vohralik, V. (2005). Mammals of Turkey and Cyprus. Rodentia I: Scuidae, Dipodidae, Gliridae, Arvicolinae.
Zgodovinsko drustvo za juzno Primorsko Znanstveno-raziskovalno sredisce Republike Slovenije Koper. 292 pp. (Book).
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Araştırılması ve Koruma Önlemlerinin Saptanması. Meteksan AŞ. 292 sayfa. (Book).
Özkan, B. (2006). An Observation on the Reproductive Biology of Glis glis (Linnaeus, 1766) (Rodentia; Gliridae) and Body
Weight Gaining of Pups in the Istranca Mountains of Turkish Thrace. International Journal of Zoological Research 2 (2) 129135.
Paksuz, S., Özkan, B., Postawa, T. (2007). Seasonal Changes of Cave-dwelling Bat Fauna and Their Relationship with
Microclimate in Dupnisa Cave System (Turkish Thrace). Acta zoologica cracoviensia, 50 A (1-2): 57-56. Kraków.
Çolak, R., Çolak, E. and Yiğit. N. (2005). Morphometric, Karyotypic and Electrophoretic Analysis of the Genus Apodemus
Kaup, 1826 (Mammalia: Rodentia) in Thrace. Turk J. Zool. 29, 147-153.
Kefelioğlu, H., Tez, Ç. and Gündüz, İ. (2003) The Taxonomy and Distribution of Apodemus agrarius (Pallas, 1771)
(Mammalia: Rodentia) in the European Part of Turkey. Turk J Zool 27. 141-146
Kurtonur, C.; Krystufek, B. and Özkan, B. (1994). The European Polecat (Mustela putorius) in Turkish Thrace . Small
Carnivora Conservation, (IUCN), 11: 8 - 10. (Paper)
Kaya, M. Yurtsever, S. and Kurtonur, C. (1999) : Investigations on the Ornitho - Fauna of Turkish Trace I. Tr. J.of Zoology, 23
(1999) Ek Sayı 3, 781-790, TÜBİTAK.
Kaya, M. ve Kurtonur, C. (1994). Bird Species (Aves) of Mert and Erikli Lakes (Kırklareli-İğneada). XII. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi
Tebliğleri, Edirne 1994. Cilt IV, 252-258.
Kaya, M. (1998). The Importance of Mert and Erikli Lakes (Kırklareli-İğneada) Regarding Bird Fauna and Some Ecological
Problems. Ekoloji Çevre Dergisi, Cilt 7, Sayı 27, 15-18.
Yurtsever, S. and Kurtonur, C. (2003). A preliminary study on the birds of the Istranca Mountains, Turkey. Acta zoologica
cracoviensia, 46(1): 19-28, Kraków, 28 March.
Başoğlu, M.and Baran, İ. (1998) The Reptiles of Turkey, Part II. The Snakes, Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Fakültesi Kitaplar Serisi
İzmir, 81:218.
Çevik, İ. E. (1999). Trakya’da Yasayan Kertenkele Türlerinin Taksonomik Durumu (Lacertilia: Anguidae, Lacertidae,
Scincidae). Tr. J. of Zoology 23 Ek Sayı 1, 23–35.
Demirsoy, A. (1996). Türkiye Omurgalıları. Amfibiler. Türkiye Omurgalı Faunasının Sistematik ve Biyolojik Özelliklerinin
Araştırılması ve Koruma Önlemlerinin Saptanması. Meteksan AŞ. 69 sayfa. (Book)
Özeti, N. ve Yılmaz, İ. (1994). Türkiye Amfibileri. Ege Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Kitaplar Serisi. İzmir, 151: 221 pp. (Book)
21 Balık, S. (1985) Trakya Bölgesi İçsu Balıklarının Bugünkü Durumu ve Taksonomik Revizyonu, Doğa Bilim Dergisi Ser A2, 9
(2):147-160.
22 Erdem, Ü., Kırgız, T., Güher, H. ve Türeli, C. (1994). Hamam Gölünde (Kırklareli-İğneada) Yaşayan Kızılkanat (Scardinus
erythrophtalmus L., 1758) ve Havuz Balığı (Carassius carassius L., 1758) Türlerinin Bazı Biyolojik Özellikleri. XII. Ulusal
Biyoloji Kongresi 6-8 Temmuz 1994 Edirne
23 İlhan, A.. Balık, S., Sarı, H. M. ve Ustaoğlu, R. (2005). Batı ve Orta Anadolu, Güney Marmara, Trakya ve Batı Karadeniz
Bölgeleri İçsularındaki Carassius (Cyprinidae, Pisces) Türleri ve Dağılımları. E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi Cilt 22, Sayı (3-4): 343–
346.
24 Göbekçioğlu (Okyar), Z. ve Aktaç, N. (1990). Trakya Bölgesi (Istranca Dağları) Gündüz Kelebekleri (Lepidoptera :
Papilionoidea, Hesperioidea) (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). S.193-202. X. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, Erzurum.
25 Göbekçioğlu (Okyar), Z. (1992). Türkiye Lepidoptera Faunası İçin Yeni Kayıtlar. s.87-93, XI. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, Fırat
Üniv. Elazığ.
26 Okyar (Göbekçioğlu), Z. ve Kornoşor, S. (1997). Trakya Bölgesi Noctuidae (Lepidoptera) Familyası Türlerinin Tesbiti
Çalışmaları II. Türk. Entomol. Derg., 21(3):197-212.
27 Göbekçioğlu (Okyar), Z. ve Aktaç, N. (1998). Trakya Bölgesi Heterocera (Lepidoptera) Faunasına Katkılar. Türk.
Entomol.Derg., 22(1):47-56.
28 Göbekçioğlu (Okyar), Z. ve Aktaç, N. (1999). Trakya Bölgesi Geometridae Türlerinin Taksonomik ve Faunistik Yönden
Araştırılması. Tr.J. of Zoology 23,Ek Sayı 1, 99-132.
Okyar, Z. and Mironov, V. (2008). Checklist of the Geometridae of European Turkey, with new records (Lepidoptera).
Zootaxa 1789: 1–56.
29 Göbekçioğlu (Okyar), Z.; Aktaç, N. (1999). Trakya Bölgesi Geometridae Türlerinin Taksonomik ve Faunistik Yönden
Araştırılması. Tr.J. of Zoology 23,Ek Sayı 1, 99-132.
Okyar, Z. and Mironoz, V. (2008). Checklist of the Geometridae of European Turkey, with new records (Lepidoptera).
Zootaxa 1789: 1–56.
30 Hacet, N. ve Aktaç, N. (1994). Trakya Bölgesi Odonata faunasına yeni katkılar. XII. Ulusal Biyoloji Kongresi, 6-8 Temmuz,
Edirne, 202-209.
31 Hacet, N ve Aktaç, N. (1997). Istranca dağları Odonata Faunası. Turkish Journal of Zoology 21: 275-289.
32 Hacet, N and Aktaç, N. ( 2003). Considerations on the Odonate fauna of Turkish Thrace, with some taxonomic notes.
Odonatologica 33: 253-270.
33 Boudot., J.-P., Grand, D., Grebe, B., Hacet, N. and Marinov, M. (2004). Description of the female of Somatochlora borisi with
distributional notes on the species (Odonata: Corduliidae). International Journal of Odonatology, 7: 431-438
52
ANNEX 2: METHODOLOGY -DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION OF SURVEY SITES
FRESHWATER FISHES - DESCRIPTION AND PROPERTIES OF SITES SAMPLED
(Locations are shown in Figure 2.2.)
1- Rezve river basin
In this river basin, a total of 8 stations (3 at Rezve River, 2 at Tarlalık stream and 3 at Velika stream) were
examined. Since names of the stations are the same in the main branch and in the studied branches, these
sampling stations were numbered consecutively according to stream names. The bottom of Rezve River is
sand and clay.
Rezve River
Rezve River is also known as Mutlu stream.
Rezve River-1 (Station-1): There are two big pools which are divided by big rocks at the back of
the river mouth. The sampling was made at this riffle area. The station was near Beğendik village
(Demirköy-Kırklareli).
Rezve River-2 (Station-2): The station was at Sislioba village (Demirköy-Kırklareli)
Rezve River-3 (Station-3): Station was 10 km above Sislioba. Physico-chemical properties were
not determined because of being very near to station-2 at Rezve River.
Tarlalık stream
Tarlalık Stream, which originates from Koru hill, exists north of Hamdibey village, and joins to Rezve River
around Karacadağ village. Stations researched are near to Yeşilce and Karacadağ villages.
Tarlalık Stream-1 (Station-4): Studied area is at Hamidbey road exit, around Yeşilce village.
Tarlalık Stream-2 (Station-5): Studied area is around Karacadağ village, on the way to Yiğitbaşı
village. Physico-chemical properties were not determined because of being near to Tarlalık stream1 station.
Velika Stream
Velika Stream is also known as Balaban Stream. Velika Stream which originates from springs in the
northern Mahya mouth run to Balaban and than Sarpdere village and on to Armutveren village. This
Stream joins Rezve River around Atmutveren.
Velika Stream-1 (Station-6): Station area is around the third bridge from Balaban to Sarpdere
village.
Velika Stream-2 (Station-7): Studied area is around Sarpdere village on Balaban route at the
junction for Gökyaka village.
Velika Stream-3 (Station-8): Studied area is on Dupnisa cave road, around the bridge in Sarpdere
village.
2- Şahin Stream basin
The basin of this Stream was dry. Only Paspala Stream had some pools in the bed. Two stations are
researched in Şahin Stream basin, namely Erikli Lake and Paspala Stream.
Erikli Lake (Station-9): Erikli Lake is located in northern part of İğneada. Some areas were
covered by reeds. Samplings were made at the southern coast of the lake.
Paspala Stream (Station-10): Sampling was made by electrofishing at pools. Physico-chemical
properties were not determined because the stream was dry.
3- Çavuşköprü stream basin
In Çavuşköprü stream basin, three stations were researched: Mert Lake, Çavüşköprü stream and Madra
Stream. The Çavuşköprü stream is also known as Değirmen Stream and Çavuş Stream.
Mert Lake (Station-11): Mert Lake is located in southern İğneada. Two samplings were made in
this Lake (1st: coast of Longos forest, 2nd: beach through the Black Sea coast).
Çavuşköprü Stream (Station-12): Çavuşköprü Stream was studied around the Avcılar village.
53
Madra Stream (Station-13): The station is around Madra Bridge at İğneada-Demirköy road. The
Stream had no prominent flow, but it had some big pools. Physico-chemical properties were not
determined because of the lack of stream flow. The Madra Stream is also known as Madara Stream.
4- Bulanık Stream basin
This Stream and Yavuz Stream flow to the same Longose forest. Nine stations were studied in Bulanık
Stream basin, namely the Deniz, Hamam and Pedina Lakes, and Bulanık, Sivriler, Çam, Bıçkı, Değirmen ve
Palabıyık Streams.
Deniz Lake (Station-14): Deniz Lake is located south of İğneada. Lake exists behind the sand dune.
Hamam Lake (Station-15): Hamam Lake is in Longose forest. Reeds surround the Lake. Some
macrophytes are abundant in the Lake.
Pedina Lake (Station-16): Pedina Lake is at the same condition and position as Hamam Lake, but
macrophytes cover a wider area than Hamam Lake. Therefore physico-chemical properties could
not be measured. The Pedina Lake is also known as Karu Lake.
Bulanık Stream (Station-17): Bulanık Stream is one of the biggest streams, together with Rezve
River in this region. The stream bed is wide and deep, with sand and clay bottom. Small amounts of
water were flowing into the Stream. Sivriler, Çam, Bıçkı, Değirmen ve Palabıyık Streams are
tributaries of Bulanık Stream. Sampling was made around of Forest Plantation Engineering of
Demirköy (Longoz plantation).
Sivriler Stream (Station-18): This station is on Demirköy road, around the 1st bridge in Sivriler
village. The Sivriler Stream is also known as Değirmen Stream.
Çam Stream (Station-19): This station is around the second bridge of Sivriler-Demirköy road.
Bıçkı Stream (Station-20): This station is around the third bridge of Sivriler-Demirköy road, and
exists south of Demirköy.
Değirmen Stream (Station-21): This Stream is around the fourth bridge of the Sivriler-Demirköy
road, and near Demirköy. This Stream is also known as Zindan Stream.
Palabıyık Stream (Station-22): Palabıyık Stream was researched around Hamdibey cross at
Demirköy-İğneada road. This Stream is also known as Değirmen Stream.
5- Yavuz Stream Basin
Two stations were studied in the Yavuz Stream Basin. They are Saka Lake and Yavuz Stream.
Saka Lake (Station-23): Saka Lake is located in the southern part of Deniz Lake. The Lake exists
between Longose forest and sand dune.
Yavuz Stream (Station-24): This station is around Eriklik farm which is south-west of the Forest
Plantation Engineering of Demirköy.
6- Pabuç Stream Basin
Pabuç Stream originates from springs at southern parts of Tekkaya hill. This Stream runs to Kızılağaç,
Kışlacık and Hamidiye villages and flows into the Black Sea by Kıyıköy. Two stations were studied in this
Stream. The stations names are alike, therefore station names are numbered consecutively. Stations are
near to Kızılağaç and Kıyıköy.
Pabuç Stream-1 (Station-25): Studied area is on Vize road, around bridge in Kızılağaç village.
Pabuç Stream -2 (Station-26): This station was at the sluice of Pabuçdere dam north of Kıyıköy.
7- Kazan Stream Basin
Kazan Stream originates from hills at the western part of Kömür village and run to Balkaya and Aksicim
villages and flows into the Black Sea around Kıyıköy. In Kazan Stream system, 2 stations were
investigated. They are Kazan Stream near Kömürköy and Domuz Stream near Balkaya.
Kazan Stream (Station-27): Studied area is on Vize road, around the bridge at Kömürköy village.
Domuz Stream (Station-28): Studied area is at Aksicim village, around the bridge in Balkaya. This
Stream is also known as Aksicim Stream.
54
N 27° 56' 04"
N 27° 57' 16"
N 27° 51' 21"
N 27° 49' 21"
N 27° 49' 09"
N 27° 48' 05"
N 27° 47' 25"
N 27° 59' 43"
N 27° 56' 37"
N 27° 52' 53"
N 28° 04' 11"
N 27° 53' 07"
N 27° 59' 05"
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
E
Salinity (‰)
41° 49' 45"
41° 49' 15"
41° 46' 42"
41° 48' 01"
41° 48' 24"
41° 48' 47"
41° 50' 19"
41° 48' 04"
41° 48' 43"
41° 41' 04"
41° 38' 13"
41° 37' 55"
41° 36' 59"
Conductivity
e
(µS 25 °C)
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Oxygen
Saturation
(%)
E
E
E
E
Dissolved
Oxygen
(mg/l)
N 27° 51' 09"
N 27° 54' 32"
N 27° 59' 15"
N 27° 57' 58"
pH
41° 54' 55"
41° 52' 46"
41° 48' 58"
41° 49' 24"
13:55
11:15
12:10
09:50
10:20
14:00
14:50
15:35
09:00
13:25
13:50
10:00
16:00
17:00
13:20
12:00
10:00
16:30
09:30
11:15
13:30
16:00
16:40
17:10
17:55
12:25
11:00
14:00
12:45
16:10
13:35
14:20
Temperature
(°C)
12
13
14
15
26.07.2009
25.07.2009
25.07.2009
26.07.2009
26.07.2009
22.07.2009
22.07.2009
22.07.2009
25.07.2009
25.07.2009
20.07.2009
21.07.2009
20.07.2009
20.07.2009
23.07.2009
21.07.2009
22.07.2009
23.07.2009
24.07.2009
22.07.2009
21.07.2009
21.07.2009
21.07.2009
21.07.2009
21.07.2009
22.07.2009
23.07.2009
21.07.2009
24.07.2009
24.07.2009
24.07.2009
24.07.2009
Altitude (m)
41° 58' 53" N 28° 01' 33" E
41° 58' 56" N 27° 54' 10" E
42° 00' 09" N 27° 51' 36" E
41° 53' 46" N 27 41' 53" E
41° 57' 02" N 27° 40' 29" E
41° 51' 35" N 27° 37' 56" E
41° 52' 13" N 27° 37' 16" E
41° 51' 29" N 27° 34' 05" E
41° 53' 26" N 27° 59' 58" E
41° 55' 43" N 27° 56' 34" E
41° 52' 09" N 27° 58' 33" E
Time
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Date
Coordinate
Coordinates and some physico-chemical properties of the 28 sampling stations
Station
Table A2.1
1
25
33
392
247
360
340
296
0
35
0
24.8
23.3
-20.5
-19.0
19.6
20.1
25.2
-29.4
7.84
7.83
-7.68
-7.95
7.89
7.87
8.00
-9.26
6.0
5.8
-5.9
-7.4
7.5
9.0
4.7
-8.9
74
69
-67
-84
86
94
59
-109
338.4
374.1
-273.4
-232.0
234.6
293.1
12880
-16940
0.2
0.2
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
0.1
7.4
-9.9
120
40
0
17
22.1
-28.2
27.7
8.13
-8.04
7.18
4.19
-6.4
6.5
43.9
-80
82
420
-744
129.1
0.2
-0.4
0.1
22
11
338
210
194
190
168
0
9
143
3
174
88
-32.7
18.8
18.7
19.6
21.2
24.6
26.8
25.4
21.6
19.4
22.7
16.4
-7.71
7.7
6.91
7.79
7.77
7.79
7.84
7.27
8.23
8.18
7.86
7.92
-5.4
5.8
5.4
7.7
6.7
7.9
7.2
5.1
7.2
11.8
8.2
9.9
-73
64
56
87
77
82
90
63
84
129
96
103
-314.6
272.5
191.3
231.8
236
233.1
821
328.5
305
291
554
564
-0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
MARINE FISHES – TRAWL LOCATIONS
Table A2.2
Date, coordinates and depth of bottom trawls undertaken during14-24 July 2009.
Trawl 1
Trawl 2
Trawl 3
18.07.2009
07:28-08:24
19.07.2009
08:29-09:25
21.07.2009
08:28-09:30
41°51’948” (N), 28°01’026” (E)
41°47’469” (N), 28°03’476”
(E)
41°45’541’’ (N),
28°04’629”(E)
41°50’331” (N), 28°01’456” (E)
41°49’ 088” (N), 28°03’382”
(E)
41°43’235’’ (N),
28°05’892’’(E)
Start
25 m
48 m
52 m
Finish
34 m
40 m
50 m
23°C
24°C
23°C
Date
Time
Coordinates
Start
Finish
Depth
Surface Water Temperature
55
HERPETOFAUNA, TREE-DWELLING BATS AND DORMICE – SURVEY LOCATIONS
Table A2.3 Survey locations for herpetofauna, tree-dwellig bats and dormice, with coordinates
(Locations 1-36 were surveyed in 2009 as part of this Project and 37-46 were studied prior
to 2009.
Village
Kıyıköy:
Kışlacık
Kızılağaç
No. Locality
01 Mandra
02 Aya Nicola Monastery
03 Goat Cave
04 Kastro
05 Police
06 Kovantaş
07 Kovantaş Cave
08 Panayıriskelesi Stream
09 Panayıriskelesi
10 Panayıriskelesi
16 Dereköy-Karadere
17 Karadere-Şükrüpaşa
18 Armağan Dam
19 Karadere-Armağan Dam
20 Mutlu Stream
Armutveren
Sarpdere
Karacadağ
İğneada
Beğendik
21 Karlık Cave
22 Dupnisa Cave
23 Boztaş Stream
24 Çamlık
25 Erikli Lake
26 Mutlu Stream
27 Mutlu Stream
28 Kurudere
Sislioba
29 Çatalyol
30 Çatalyol Cave
31 Tripez Cave
32 Asker Stream
Demirköy
Çakmaktepe (Bıçkı
Stream)
34 Madra Stream
33
Avcılar
Mahya
Mountain
Demirköy
35 Mahyatepe
36 Fatıma Rocky Place
37 Velika Bridge
Güneşli Göller (Bıçkı
38
Stream)
39 Three Streams
40 Demirköy (Vali Mezarlığı)
41 Sivriler
42 Fidanlık
43 Mert Lake
İğneada
1GPS
Oak forest+forest meadow+wetland
Cave
Cave+agricultural field+stream
Oak forest+stream
Mixed forest+forest edge+stream+coast
Mixed forest+agricultural field
Cave
Stream+forest
Forest edge+coast
Mixed forest inside
Stream
11 Pabuçstream
12 Village mosque - (minaret) Populated area
Mixed forest
13 Dereköy-Border gate
Stream+agricultural field
14 Picnic Area
15 Dereköy-Karadere
Dereköy
Habitat
44 Hamam Lake
45 Saka Lake
46 Efendi Stream
Stream+mixed forest
Oak forest
1
Coordinates
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
41 38`43,23``N 28 04`03,92``D 14m
0
0
41 38`03,17``N 28 05`07,30``D 18m
41 37`11,33``N 28 05`50,60``D 25m
0
0
41 35`29,81``N 28 08`34,31``D 21m
41 43`13,63``N 28 02`57,03``D 12m
0
0
41 42`02,56``N 27 54`52,86``D 158m
0
0
41 42`01,76``N 27 54`52,44``D 157m
41 46`10,67``N 28 00`43,43``D 12m
0
0
41 46`24,33``N 28 00`47,00``D 37m
0
0
41 45`52,90``N 27 58`39,97``D 152m
41 41`01,49``N 27 52`53,96``D 138m
0
0
41 41`57,27``N 27 52`58,51``D 229m
41 57`58,81``N 27 26`35,78``D 589m
0
0
41 57`32,84``N 27 23`45,50``D 526m
0
0
41 55`23,06``N 27 25`20,91``D 477m
41 55`32,11``N 27 24`58,87``D 561m
0
0
41 55`42,31``N 27 28`54,84``D 678m
0
0
41 52`32,53``N 27 26`09,64``D 477m
Mixed forest+fruit garden
Wetland+open area+rocky area
Mixed forest+agricultural field inside forest 41054`59,01``N
0
Stream+mixed forest
41 57`30,48``N
0
Cave+stony-rocky area
41 53`28,89``N
0
Cave+mixed forest+open forest areas
41 50`24,23``N
Stream
Cultivated pine area
Lake+wetland+longos forest
Tree area along stream+agriculrural field
Stream side+mixed forest
Mixed forest
Mixed forest+caves of differing sizes
Cave
Cave+oak forest
Stream+pine plantation+mixed
forest+orchard
Stream+mixed forest+fruit trees
Stream+tree patch+agricultural field
Forest+open forest areas
Old mixed forest
Stream+mixed forest
Stream+mixed forest
Stream+mixed forest+agricultural field
Beech forest+cultivated pine area
Mixed forest
Stream+plantation +longos forest
Stream+longos forest
0
27 25`48,17``D 445m
0
27 28`06,62``D 499m
0
27 27`11,81``D 652m
0
27 27`24,40``D 361m
0
0
41 56`52,87``N 27 40`20,93``D 244m
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
41 52`53,61``N 27 58`51,82``D 23m
0
0
41 53`25,33``N 27 59`07,81``D 11m
0
0
41 58`43,34``N 28 60`43,25``D 27m
41 59`25,04``N 27 51`31,12``D 38m
0
0
41 58`57,60``N 27 51`45,02``D 96m
41 57`15,48``N 27 50`43,92``D 190m
0
0
41 56`53,34``N 27 50`44,48``D 177m
0
0
41 57`12,13``N 27 52`20,11``D 153m
41 51`05,10``N 27 48`41,49``D 292m
41 47`55,70``N 27 48`48,53``D 211m
41 54`52,41``N 27 51`06,77``D 124m
0
0
41 46`56,78``N 27 37`06,26``D
1014m
0
0
41 47`47,38``N 27 35`09,27``D 837m
41 46`53,59``N 27 42`27,31``D 524m
41 47`32,67``N 27 47`32,67``D 250m
41 49`07,67``N 27 49`58,58``D 163m
0
0
41 47`13,27``N 27 43`18,14``D 567m
0
0
41 46`31,27``N 27 52`10,28``D 320m
41 49`07,56``N 27 57`00,30``D 17m
0
0
41 51`52,33``N 27 56`54,71``D 18m
41 49`19,94``N 27 57`57,78``D 13m
0
0
41 47`58,21``N 27 59`41,45``D 2m
0
0
41 53`30,01``N 27 57`51,06``D 48m
data obtained from locations were checked with GOOGLE EARTH and modified as necessary.
56
SMALL AND LARGE MAMMALS – SURVEY LOCATIONS
Table A2.4
Survey locations for small and large mammals
Habitat type
Coordinates
Locality
Starting point
End point
GPS No in Annex I
“Between”
Longos
Mert Lake
41.86016/020.95421
41.86555/027.95872
134 and 226
Open area
Near Dupnisa Cave
41.84097/027.55745
41.83954/027.55867
227 and 318
Field
Avcılar Village
41.89450/027.88462
41.89461/027.88562
319 and 409
Oak-Beech Forest
Sislioba Village
41.97073/027.93144
41.97379/027.92910
420 and 510
Pine plantation
İğneada – Demirköy highway
41.85906/027.87571
41.85922/027.87629
511 and 600
57
ANNEX 3: INVENTORY OF
BIOSPHERE
Family
ARACHNIDS
- Spiders etc
Araneidae
Araneidae
Dysderidae
Dysderidae
Dysderidae
Dysderidae
Gagrellidae
Linyphiidae
Linyphiidae
Linyphiidae
Nemastomatidae
Nemastomatidae
Nemastomatidae
Neobisiidae
Nesticidae
Phalangiidae
Phalangiidae
Pholcidae
Pholcidae
Tetragnathidae
Tetragnathidae
Tetragnathidae
CHILOPODA
- Centipedes
Scolopendridae
Scutigeridae
Scutigeridae
CLITELLATA
- Annelid worms
Lumbricidae
DIPLOPODA
- Millipedes
Anthroleucosomatidae
Anthroleucosomatidae
Julidae
Trachysphaera
GASTROPODA
- Slugs, snails
Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae
Oxychilidae
INSECTA
- Beetles
Carabidae
Staphylinidae
Staphylinidae
INSECTA
- Butterflies
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
ARGYNNIDAE
FAUNA RECORDED IN PROPOSED
Genus
Species
Araneus
Larinioides
Dasumia
Harpactea
Harpactea
Harpactea
Nelima
Centromerus
Centromerus
Porrhomma
Mitostoma
Paranemastoma
Paranemastoma
Neobisium
Nesticus
Opilio
Phalangium
Pholcus
Pholcus
Meta
Meta
Metellina
sturmi
cornutus
amoena
babori
coramani sp. nova
deltshevi
pontica
milleri
bumadi sp. nova
convexum
gracile
radewi
aurigerum
hazalae sp. nova
cellulanus
dinaricus
opilio
opilionoides
phalangioides
bourneti
menardi
merianae
Scolopendra
Scutigera
Scutigera
sp.
coleoptrata
sp.
Lumbricus
sp.
Anamastigona
Anamastigona
Mesoiulus
Trachysphaera
bilselii
halophila
kosswigi
rotundata
Euxina
Laciniaria
Oxychilus
pontica
plicata
sp.
Laemostenus
Bryaxis
Paederus
cimmerius
sp.
sp.
Araschnia
Argynnis
Argynnis
Argynnis
Boloria
Brenthis
Cynthia
Inachis
Issoria
Limenitis
levana
adippe
pandora
paphia
euphrosyne
daphne
cardui
io
lathonia
reducta
Melitaea
Melitaea
Melitaea
Melitaea
Polygonia
Vanessa
cinxia
didyma
fascelis
phoebe
c-album
atalanta
English name
Map Butterfly
High Brown Fritillary
Cardinal, Great Fritillary
Silver-washed Fritillary
Pearl-bordered Fritillary
Marbled Fritillary
Painted Lady
Peacock Butterfly
Queen of Spain Fritillary
Southern White Admiral,
Eastern White Admiral
Glanville Fritillary
Spotted Fritillary
Lesser Spotted Fritillary
Knapweed Fritillary
Comma Butterfly
Red Admiral
YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
Turkish name
Isırgan Kelebeği
Büyük İnci
Bahadır
Cengaver
Beyaz İnci
Böğürtlen Brentisi
Diken Kelebeği
Tavuskelebeği
İspanyol Kraliçesi
Akdeniz Hanımeli Kelebeği
İparhan
Benekli İparhan
Güzel İparhan
Benekli Büyük İparhan
Yırtık Pırtık
Atalanta
58
Family
Genus
Species
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
HESPERIIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
Carcharodus
Carcharodus
Erynnis
Ochlodes
Pyrgus
Spialia
Thymelicus
Callophrys
Celastrina
Glaucopsyche
Heodes
Heodes
orientalis
alceae
tages
venatus
malvae
orbifer
sylvestris
rubi
argiolus
alexis
alciphron
tityrus
LYCAENIDAE
Leptotes
pirithous
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
LYCAENIDAE
PAPILIONIDAE
Lycaena
Lycaena
Lycaena
Plebejus
Plebejus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Polyommatus
Pseudophilotes
Quercusia
Satyrium
Tarucus
Thecla
Iphiclides
phlaeas
dispar
thersamon
idas
argus
semiargus
bellis
anteros
agestis
coridon
thersites
icarus
vicrama
quercus
ilicis
balkanicus
betulae
podalirius
PAPILIONIDAE
Papilio
machaon
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
Aporia
Colias
Leptidea
Pieris
crataegi
crocea
sinapis
bryoniae
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
PIERIDAE
RIODINIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
Pieris
Pieris
Pieris
Pieris
Pontia
Hamearis
Aphantopus
Arethusana
Brintesia
krueperi
pseudorapae
rapae
brassicae
edusa
lucina
hyperantus
arethusa
circe
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
Chazara
Coenonympha
Coenonympha
Hipparchia
Hipparchia
Hipparchia
briseis
arcania
pamphilus
fatua
statilinus
syriaca
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
SATYRIDAE
INSECTA
- Moths
ADELIDAE
ADELIDAE
ARCTIIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
Hyponephele
Kirinia
Lasiommata
Maniola
Melanargia
Minois
Pararge
Pyronia
lupina
roxelana
megera
jurtina
galathea
dryas
aegeria
tithonus
Adela
Nematopogon
Lithosia
Amoebe
Aplocera
Asthena
reamurella
panzerella
quadra
pectinaria
plagiata
candidata
English name
Turkish name
Oriental Skipper
Mallow Skipper
Dingy Skipper
Large Skipper
Grizzled Skipper
Red Underwing Skipper
Small Skipper
Green Hairstreak
Holly Blue
Green-underside Blue
Purple-shot Copper
Sooty Copper, Blackish
Copper
Lang's Short-tailed Blue,
Zebra Blue
Small Copper
Large Copper
Lesser Fiery Copper
Idas Blue
Silver-studded Blue
Mazarine Blue
Eastern Mazarine Blue
Blue Argus, Freyer's Blue
Brown Argus
Chalk-hill Blue
Chapman's Blue
Common Blue
Lesser Chequered Blue
Purple Hairstreak
Ilex Hairstreak
Little Tiger Blue
Brown Hairstreak
Scarce Swallowtail, Peartree Swallowtail
Swallowtail, Common Yellow
Swallowtail
Black-veined White
Dark Clouded Yellow
Wood White
Mountain Green-veined
White
Kruper's Small White
False Cabbage White
Small White
Large White
New Bath White
Duke of Burgundy Fritillary
Ringlet
False Grayling
Great Banded Grayling,
Great Black Grayling
Hermit
Pearly Heath
Small Heath
Freyer's Grayling
Tree Grayling
Syrian Rock Grayling, Syrian
Tree, Grayling
Oriental Steppe Brown
Lattice Brown
Wall Butterfly
Meadow Brown
Marbled White
Dryad
Speckled Wood
Gatekeeper
Oriental Zıpzıp
Ebegümeci Zıpzıpı
Paslı Zıpzıp
Orman Zıpzıpı
Ebegümeci Zıpzığı
Kızıl Zıpzıp
Sarı Antenli Zıpzıp
Zümrüt
Kutsal Mavi
Karagözlü Mavi Kelebek
Büyük Mor Bakır Kelebeği
İsli Bakır Kelebeği
Common a longhorn moth
Reamür Adelası
Four-spotted Footman
Dörtbenekli Likengüvesi
Mavi Zebra
Benekli Bakır Kelebeği
Büyükbakırgüzeli
Küçük Ateş Kelebeği
Esmergöz
Gümüş Lekeli Esmergöz
Çokgözlü Güzel Mavi
Çokgözlü Güzel Mavi
Çokgözlü Balkan Mavisi
Çokgözlü Esmer
Çilli Çokgözlü
Çokgözlü Menekşe Mavisi
Çokgözlü Mavi
Himalaya Mavi Kelebeği
Mor Meşe Kelebeği
Büyük Sevbeni
Balkan Kaplanı
Huş Kelebeği
Erik Kırlangıçkuyruğu
Kırlangıçkuyruk
Alıçkelebeği
Sarı Azamet
Narin Orman Beyazı
Dağ Beyaz Meleği
Krüper'in Beyaz Meleği
Yalancı Beyaz Melek
Küçük Beyaz Melek
Büyük Beyaz Melek
Yeni Benekli Melek
İncili Kelebek
Halkacık
Seyit
Kara Murat
Cadı
Funda Zıpzıp Perisi
Küçük Zıpzıp Perisi
Anadolu Karameleği
Ağaç Karameleği
Büyük Karamelek
Esmer Peri
Ağaç Esmeri
Küçük Esmer Boncuk
Çayır Esmeri
Melike
Kara Hayalet
Karanlık Orman Esmeri
Pironiya
59
Family
Genus
Species
English name
Turkish name
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
GEOMETRIDAE
NOCTUIDAE
NOTODONTIDAE
NOTODONTIDAE
SPHINGIDAE
Cabera
Campaea
Camtogramma
Catarhoe
Cleta
Cosmorhoe
Cosmorhoe
Cyclophora
Cyclophora
Ennomos
Epirrhoe
Eupithecia
Hydriomena
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Idaea
Lomospilis
Lyhtria
Melanthia
Minoa
Operoptera
Rhodostrophia
Scopula
Scopula
Scopula
Serraca
Emmelia
Furcula
Spatalia
Macroglossum
pusaria
margaritata
bilineata
rubidata
perpusillaria
obliterata
unidentaria
linearia
ruficilaria
quercinaria
rivata
signata
impluviata
aversata
determinata
deversaria
dilutaria
dimidiata
ochrata
politata
remutata
marginata
purpuraria
procellata
murinata
brumata
calabra
nigropunctata
ornata
rubiginata
punctinalis
trabealis
furcula
argentina
stellatarum
Spotted Sulphur
Sallow Kitten
Small Chocolate-tip
Hummingbird Hawkmoth
ZYGAENIDAE
INSECTA
- Damselflies
CALOPTERYGIDAE
CALOPTERYGIDAE
COENAGRIONIDAE
COENAGRIONIDAE
COENAGRIONIDAE
COENAGRIONIDAE
Zygaena
purpuralis
Transparent Burnet
Calopteryx
Calopteryx
Coenagrion
Coenagrion
Erythromma
Erythromma
splendens
virgo
puella
scitulum
lindenii
viridulum
Banded Demoiselle
Beautiful Demoiselle
Azure Damselfly
Dainty Damselfly
Blue-Eye
Small Red-eyed damselfly
COENAGRIONIDAE
EUPHAEIDAE
LESTIDAE
Ischnura
Epallage
Lestes
elegans
fatime
barbarus
Blue-tailed Damselfly
LESTIDAE
LESTIDAE
PLATYCNEMIDIDAE
INSECTA
- Dragonflies
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
AESHNIDAE
CORDULEGASTRIDA
E
CORDULEGASTRIDA
E
CORDULIIDAE
CORDULIIDAE
GOMPHIDAE
LIBELLULIDAE
LIBELLULIDAE
Lestes
Sympecma
Platycnemis
parvidens
fusca
pennipes
Southern Emerald Damselfly Saz Yusufcuğu, Güney
Zümrütrengi Kızböceği
Eastern Willow Spreadwing
Büyük saz Yusufcuğu
Winter Damselfly
Kahverengi Kızböceği
White-legged Damselfly
Telekli Yusufcuk
Aeshna
Aeshna
Aeshna
Aeshna
Anax
Anax
Brachytron
Caliaeschna
Cordulegaster
affinis
cyanea
isosceles
mixta
imperator
parthenope
pratense
microstigma
insignis
Southern Migrant Hawker
Southern Hawker
Norfolk Hawker
Migrant Hawker
Emperor Dragonfly
Lesser Emperor
Hairy Dragonfly
Eastern Spectre
Blue-eyed Goldenring
Güney yırtıcı Yusufcuğu
Mavi yırtıcı Yusufcuk
Küçük yırtıcı Yusufcuk
Göçmen Avcı (Yusufçuk)
Büyük Kral Yusufcuk
Küçük Kral Yusufçuk
Mozaik Yusufcuğu
-
Cordulegaster
picta
Turkish Goldenring
İki çizgili Yusufcuk
Somatochlora
Somatochlora
Onychogomphus
Crocothemis
Libellula
borisi
meridionalis
forcipatus
erythraea
depressa
Bulgarian Emerald
Balkan Emerald
Small Pincertail
Common Scarlet-darter
Broad-bodied Libellula
LIBELLULIDAE
Libellula
fulva
Scarce Libellula
Bulgar Su Bakiresi
Balkan Su Bakiresi
Kıskaçlı Dere Yusufçuğu
Ateşrengi Yusufçuk
Gerçek Su Bakiresi,
Genişgövdeli Yusufçuk
Sivri lekeli Su Bakiresi
Çizgili Emel
Solgun kedicik Güvesi
Güvercinkuyruklu Atmaca
Güvesi
Erguvani Zigena
Atnalı desenli Yusufcuk
Çatal desenli Yusufcuk
Kupa desenli Yusufcuk
Nargözlü Kızböceği, Yeşil
Kızböceği
Mavikuyruklu Kızböceği
60
Family
Genus
Species
brunneum
English name
Turkish name
LIBELLULIDAE
Orthetrum
LIBELLULIDAE
LIBELLULIDAE
LIBELLULIDAE
LIBELLULIDAE
Orthetrum
Sympetrum
Sympetrum
Sympetrum
LIBELLULIDAE
INSECTA
- Grasshoppers etc
GRYLLIDAE
MALACOSTRACA
- Woodlice
LIGIIDAE
LIGIIDAE
TRICHONISCIDAE
TRICHONISCIDAE
ICTHYOFAUNA
- Marine fishes
ACIPENSERIDAE
ACIPENSERIDAE
ACIPENSERIDAE
ACIPENSERIDAE
AMMODYTIDAE
ANGUILLIDAE
ATHERINIDAE
ATHERINIDAE
BALISTIDAE
BELONIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BLENNIIDAE
BOTHIDAE
CALLIONYMIDAE
CALLIONYMIDAE
CALLIONYMIDAE
CARANGIDAE
CARANGIDAE
CARANGIDAE
CENTRACANTHIDAE
CENTRACANTHIDAE
CENTRACANTHIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
CONGRIDAE
ENGRAULIDAE
GADIDAE
GOBIESOCIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GYMNURIDAE
HEXANCHIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
Sympetrum
Güney Çalı Bakiresi,
Kahverengi Yusufçuk
cancellatum Black-lined Orthetrum
Mavi Çalı Bakiresi
fonscolombii
Red-veined Sympetrum
lkbahar Taş Bakiresi
meridionale
Southern Darter
Güney Taş Bakiresi
sanguineum
Ruddy Sympetrum
Siyahayaklı Taş Yusufcuğu,
Kırmızı Yusufçuk
striolatum
Common Darter
Yusufçuk, Büyük Taş Bakiresi
Trigonidium
sp.
Ligidium
Ligidium
Haplophthalmus
Trichonethes
hypnorum
sp.
stygivagus
Sp.
Acipenser
Acipenser
Acipenser
Huso
Gymnammodytes
Anguilla
Atherina
Atherina
Balistes
Belone
Aidablennius
Blennius
Coryphoblennius
Parablennius
Parablennius
Parablennius
Parablennius
Salaria
Arnoglossus
Callionymus
Callionymus
Callionymus
Lichia
Trachurus
Trachurus
Spicara
Spicara
Spicara
Alosa
Alosa
Alosa
Sardina
Sardinella
Sprattus
Conger
Engraulis
Merlangius
Lepadogaster
Aphia
Gobius
Gobius
Gobius
Gobius
Mesogobius
Neogobius
Pomatoschistus
Pomatoschistus
Gymnura
Hexanchus
Coris
Ctenolabrus
Labrus
Symphodus
Symphodus
Symphodus
gueldenstaedtii
nudiventris
stellatus
huso
cicerellus
anguilla
boyeri
hepsetus
capriscus
belone
sphynx
ocellaris
galerita
incognitus
sanguinolentus
tentacularis
zvonimiri
pavo
kessleri
lyra
pusillus
risso
amia
mediterraneus
trachurus
flexuosa
maena
smaris
caspia
fallax
immaculata
pilchardus
aurita
sprattus
conger
encrasicolus
merlangus
candolii
minuta
bucchichi
cobitis
niger
paganellus
batrachocephalus
melanostomus
marmoratus
minutus
altavela
griseus
julis
rupestris
viridisLinnaeus,
cinereus
ocellaris
roissali
Blue Skimmer
61
Family
LABRIDAE
LABRIDAE
LOPHIIDAE
LOTIDAE
MORONIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MULLIDAE
MULLIDAE
OPHIDIIDAE
PLEURONECTIDAE
POMACENTRIDAE
POMATOMIDAE
RAJIIDAE
RAJIIDAE
SCIAENIDAE
SCIAENIDAE
SCIAENIDAE
SCOMBRIDAE
SCOMBRIDAE
SCOMBRIDAE
SCOMBRIDAE
SCOMBRIDAE
SCOPHTHALMIDAE
SCOPHTHALMIDAE
SCORPAENIDAE
SCORPAENIDAE
SERRANIDAE
SERRANIDAE
SOLEIDAE
SOLEIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPARIDAE
SPHYRAENIDAE
SQUALIDAE
SQUALIDAE
SQUATINIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
TRACHINIDAE
TRIGLIDAE
TRIGLIDAE
TRIGLIDAE
TRIPTERYGIIDAE
URANOSCOPIDAE
XIPHIIDAE
ZEIDAE
ICTHYOFAUNA
- Freshwater fishes
ATHERINIDAE
CENTRARCHIDAE
CLUPEIDAE
COBITIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
Genus
Species
Symphodus
Symphodus
Lophius
Gaidropsarus
Dicentrarchus
Chelon
Liza
Liza
Liza
Liza
Mugil
Mullus
Mullus
Ophidion
Platichthys
Chromis
Pomatomus
Dasyatis
Raja
Argyrosomus
Sciaena
Umbrina
Euthynnus
Sarda
Scomber
Scomber
Thunnus
Psetta
Scophthalmus
Scorpaena
Scorpaena
Serranus
Serranus
Buglossidium
Pegusa
Boops
Dentex
Diplodus
Diplodus
Diplodus
Oblada
Pagellus
Sarpa
Sparus
Spondyliosoma
Sphyraena
Squalus
Squalus
Squatina
Hippocampus
Hippocampus
Nerophis
Syngnathus
Syngnathus
Syngnathus
Syngnathus
Syngnathus
Syngnathus
Trachinus
Aspitrigla
Chelidonichthys
Eutrigla
Tripterygion
Uranoscopus
Xiphias
Zeus
rostratus
tinca
piscatorius
mediterraneus
labrax
labrosus
aurata
haematocheila
ramada
saliens
cephalus
barbatus
surmuletus
rochei
flesus
chromis
saltatrix
pastinaca
clavata
regius
umbra
cirrosa
alleteratus
sarda
colias
scombrus
thynnus
maeotica
rhombus
notata
porcus
cabrilla
scriba
luteum
lascaris
boops
dentex
annularis
puntazzo
sargus
melanura
erythrinus
salpa
aurata
cantharus
sphyraena
acanthias
blainville
squatina
guttulatus
hippocampus
ophidion
abaster
acus
schmidti
tenuirostris
typhle
variegatus
draco
cuculus
lucernus
gurnardus
tripteronotus
scaber
gladius
faber
Atherina
Lepomis
Alosa
Cobitis
Alburnoides
Alburnus
boyeri
gibbosus
caspia
taenia
bipunctatus
chalcoides
English name
Big-scale sand smelt
Pumkinseed
Caspian shad
Vardar spined loach
Chup
Danube bleak
Turkish name
Gümüş balığı
Güneş balığı
Tirsi balığı
Taşyiyen
Noktalı inci balığı
Tatlısu kolyoz balığı
62
Family
Genus
Species
English name
Turkish name
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
CYPRINIDAE
GASTEROSTEIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
GOBIIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
MUGILIDAE
PERCIDAE
PLEURONECTIDAE
POECILIIDAE
SALMONIDAE
SALMONIDAE
SYNGNATHIDAE
AMPHIBIA
- Frogs etc
Bufonidae
Hylidae
Pelobatidae
Pelobatidae
Ranidae
Ranidae
Ranidae
Salamandriade
Salamandriade
REPTILIA
–Turtles,
lizards,snakes
Emydidae
Emydidae
Testudinidae
Testudinidae
Anguidae
Anguidae
Gekkonidae
Gekkonidae
Lacertidae
Lacertidae
Lacertidae
Lacertidae
Barbus
Carassius
Carassius
Cyprinus
Gobio
Petroleuciscus
Phoxinus
Rhodeus
Rutilus
Scardinius
Squalius
Vimba
Gasterosteus
Knipowitschia
Mesogobius
Neogobius
Neogobius
Neogobius
Neogobius
Proterorhinus
Liza
Liza
Mugil
Sander
Platichthys
Gambusia
Oncorhynchus
Salmo
Syngnathus
tauricus
carassius
gibelio
carpio
gobio
borysthenicus
phoxinus
amarus
rutilus
erythrophthalmus
cephalus
vimba
aculeatus
caucasica
batrachocephalus
eurycephalus
fluviatilis
gymnotrachelus
melanostomus
marmoratus
aurata
ramada
cephalus
lucioperca
flesus
affinis
mykiss
trutta
abaster
Krimean barbel
Crussian carp
Prussian carp
Common carp
Gudgeon
Dnjepr chub
Eurasian minnow
European bitterling
Roach
Rudd
European chub
Baltic vimba
Three-spined stickleback
Caucasian goby
Knout goby
Mushroom goby
Monkey goby
Racer goby
Round goby
Tubenose goby
Golden grey mullet
Thinlip grey mullet
Flathead mullet
Pike-Perch
European flounder
Eastern mosquitofish
Rainbow trout
Brown trout
Black-striped pipefish
Bıyıklı balık
Havuz balığı
Gümüşi havuz balığı
Sazan
Dere kayası
Tatlısu kefali
Golyan balığı
Acıbalık
Kızılgöz
Kızılkanat
Tatlısu kefali
Eğrez
Dikence balığı
Küçük kayabalığı
Kurbağa kayabalığı
Kayabalığı
Tatlısu kayabalığı
Küçük kayabalığı
Benekli kayabalığı
Tatlısu kayabalığı
Altınbaş kefal
Pulatarina, Ceran
Topan kefal
Sudak
Dere pisisi
Sivrisinek balığı
Gökkuşağı alabalığı
Alabalık
Deniz iğnesi
Bufo
Hyla
Pelobates
Pelobates
Bufo
Rana
Rana
Triturus
Triturus
bufo
arborea
syriacus
fuscus
viridis
ridibunda
dalmatina
karelini
vulgaris
True Toads
Common Tree Frog
Eastern Spadefoot
Common Spadefoot
European Green Toad
Marsh Frog
Agile frog
crested newts
Smooth Newt
Siğilli Kurbağa
Ağaç Kurbağası
Toprak Kurbağası
Trakya Toprak Kurbağası
Gece Kurbağası
Ova Kurbağası
Çevik Kurbağa
Pürtüklü semender
Küçük Semender
Emys
Mauremys
Testudo
Testudo
Anguis
Pseudopus
Crytopodion
Hemidactylus
Darevskia
Lacerta
Lacerta
Ophisops
orbicularis
caspica
greaca
hermanni
fragilis
apodus
kotschyi
turcicus
praticola
viridis
trilineata
elegans
Benekli kaplumbağa
Çizgili Kaplumbağa
Büyük Tosbağa
Trakya tosbağası
Yılan Kertenkele
Oluklu Kertenkele
İnceparmaklı Keler
Genişparmaklı Keler
Çayır Kertenkelesi
Yeşil Kertenkele
İriyeşil Kertenkele
Tarla Kertenkelesi
Lacertidae
Lacertidae
Scincidae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Colubridae
Typhlopidae
Viperidae
Viperidae
AVES
- Birds
Accipitridae
Podarcis
Podarcis
Ablepharus
Coluber
Coluber
Coronella
Eirenis
Elaphe
Natrix
Natrix
Zamenis
Zamenis
Thyphlops
Montivipera
Vipera
muralis
tauricus
kitaibelii
caspius
najadum
austriaca
modestus
quatuorlineata
natrix
tessellata
situla
longissima
vermicularis
xanthina
ammodytes
European Pond Terrapin
Striped-necked Terrapin
Spur-thighed Tortoise
Herman's Tortoise
Slow Worm
European Legless Lizard
European Bent-toed Gecko
Turkish Gecko, Mischaro
Meadow Lizard
Green Lizard
Balkan Green Lizard
Snake-eyed Lizard, Field
Lizard
Common Wall Lizard
Crimean Wall Lizard
Slim Lizard
Caspian whip snake
Dahls Wipe Snake
Smooth Snake
Dwarf Snake
Four-lined Snake
Grass snake
Dice Snake
Leopard Snake
Aesculapian Snake
Worm Snake
Rock viper
Horned viper
Accipiter
brevipes
Levant Sparrowhawk
Yaz Atmacası
Duvar Kertenkelesi
Trakya Kertenkelesi
İnce Kertenkele
Hazer Yılanı
İnce Yılan
Avusturya Yılanı
Uysal Yılan
Sarı Yılan
Yarısucul Yılan
Sucul Yılan
Ev Yılanı
Eskülap Yılanı
Kör Yılan
Şeritli Engerek
Boynuzlu Engerek
63
Family
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Accipitridae
Aegithalidae
Alaudidae
Alaudidae
Alaudidae
Alaudidae
Alaudidae
Alcedinidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Anatidae
Apodidae
Apodidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Ardeidae
Burhinidae
Caprimulgidae
Certhiidae
Certhiidae
Charadriidae
Charadriidae
Charadriidae
Charadriidae
Charadriidae
Charadriidae
Ciconiidae
Ciconiidae
Cinclidae
Columbidae
Columbidae
Columbidae
Genus
Accipiter
Accipiter
Aquila
Aquila
Aquila
Buteo
Buteo
Circaetus
Circus
Circus
Circus
Circus
Haliaeetus
Hieraaetus
Milvus
Neophron
Pernis
Aegithalos
Alauda
Calandrella
Galerida
Lullula
Melanocorypha
Alcedo
Anas
Anas
Anas
Anas
Anas
Anas
Anas
Anser
Anser
Aythya
Aythya
Aythya
Aythya
Bucephala
Clangula
Cygnus
Cygnus
Cygnus
Melanitta
Mergellus
Mergus
Netta
Tadorna
Tadorna
Apus
Apus
Ardea
Ardea
Ardeola
Botaurus
Casmerodius
Egretta
Ixobrychus
Nycticorax
Burhinus
Caprimulgus
Certhia
Certhia
Charadrius
Charadrius
Charadrius
Pluvialis
Pluvialis
Vanellus
Ciconia
Ciconia
Cinclus
Columba
Columba
Columba
Species
gentilis
nisus
clanga
heliaca
pomarina
buteo
rufinus
gallicus
aeruginosus
cyaneus
macrourus
pygargus
albicilla
pennatus
migrans
percnopterus
apivorus
caudatus
arvensis
brachydactyla
cristata
arborea
calandra
atthis
acuta
clypeata
crecca
penelope
platyrhynchos
querquedula
strepera
albifrons
anser
ferina
fuligula
marila
nyroca
clangula
hyemalis
columbianus
cygnus
olor
nigra
albellus
serrator
rufina
ferruginea
tadorna
apus
melba
cinerea
purpurea
ralloides
stellaris
albus
garzetta
minutus
nycticorax
oedicnemus
europaeus
brachydactyla
familiaris
alexandrinus
dubius
hiaticula
apricaria
squatarola
vanellus
ciconia
nigra
cinclus
livia (domest.)
oenas
palumbus
English name
Northern Goshawk
Eurasian Sparrowhawk
Greater Spotted Eagle
Eastern Imperial Eagle
Lesser Spotted Eagle
Common Buzzard
Long-legged Buzzard
Short-toed Snake Eagle
Western Marsh Harrier
Hen Harrier
Pallid Harrier
Montagu's Harrier
White-tailed Eagle
Booted Eagle
Black Kite
Egyptian Vulture
European Honey Buzzard
Long-tailed Tit
Eurasian Skylark
Greater Short-toed Lark
Crested Lark
Woodlark
Calandra Lark
Common Kingfisher
Northern Pintail
Northern Shoveler
Eurasian (Common) Teal
Eurasian Wigeon
Mallard
Garganey
Gadwall
Greater White-fronted Goose
Greylag Goose
Common Pochard
Tufted Duck
Greater Scaup
Ferruginous Duck
Common Goldeneye
Long-tailed Duck
Bewick's Swan
Whooper Swan
Mute Swan
Common Scoter
Smew
Red-breasted Merganser
Red-crested Pochard
Ruddy Shelduck
Common Shelduck
Common Swift
Alpine Swift
Grey Heron
Purple Heron
Squacco Heron
Great Bittern
Great White Egret
Little Egret
Little Bittern
Black-crowned Night Heron
Stone-curlew
European Nightjar
Short-toed Treecreeper
Eurasian Treecreeper
Kentish Plover
Little Ringed Plover
Common Ringed Plover
European Golden Plover
Grey Plover
Northern Lapwing
White Stork
Black Stork
White-throated Dipper
Feral Pigeon
Stock Dove
Common Wood Pigeon
Turkish name
Çakır
Atmaca
Büyük Orman Kartalı
Şah Kartal
Küçük Orman Kartalı
Şahin
Kızıl Şahin
Yılan Kartalı
Saz Delicesi
Gökçe Delice
Bozkır Delicesi
Çayır Delicesi
Ak Kuyruklu Kartal
Küçük Kartal
Kara Çaylak
Küçük Akbaba
Arı Şahini
Uzun Kuyruklu Baştankara
Tarlakuşu
Bozkır Toygarı
Tepeli Toygar
Orman Toygarı
Boğmaklı Toygar
Yalıçapkını
Kılkuyruk
Kaşıkgaga
Çamurcun
Fiyu
Yeşilbaş
Çıkrıkçın
Boz Ördek
Sakarca
Boz Kaz
Elmabaş Patka
Tepeli Patka
Karabaş Patka
Pasbaş Patka
Altıngöz
Telkuyruk
Küçük Kuğu
Ötücü Kuğu
Sessiz Kuğu
Kara Ördek
Sütlabi
Tarakdiş
Macar Ördeği
Angıt
Suna
Ebabil
Ak Karınlı Ebabil
Gri Balıkçıl
Erguvani Balıkçıl
Alaca Balıkçıl
Balaban
Büyük Ak Balıkçıl
Küçük Ak Balıkçıl
Küçük Balaban
Gece Balıkçılı
Kocagöz
Çobanaldatan
Bahçe Tırmaşıkkuşu
Orman Tırmaşıkkuşu
Akça Cılıbıt
Halkalı Küçük Cılıbıt
Halkalı Cılıbıt
Altın Yağmurcun
Gümüş Yağmurcun
Kızkuşu
Leylek
Kara Leylek
Derekuşu
Şehir Güvercini
Gökçe Güvercin
Tahtalı
64
Family
Columbidae
Columbidae
Coraciidae
Corvidae
Corvidae
Corvidae
Corvidae
Corvidae
Corvidae
Cuculidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Emberizidae
Falconidae
Falconidae
Falconidae
Falconidae
Family
Family
Family
Family
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Fringillidae
Gaviidae
Gaviidae
Glareolidae
Gruidae
Haematopodidae
Hirundinidae
Hirundinidae
Hirundinidae
Hirundinidae
Laniidae
Laniidae
Laniidae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Laridae
Meropidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Motacillidae
Muscicapidae
Muscicapidae
Muscicapidae
Muscicapidae
Muscicapidae
Oriolidae
Pandionidae
Paridae
Paridae
Genus
Streptopelia
Streptopelia
Coracias
Corvus
Corvus
Corvus
Corvus
Garrulus
Pica
Cuculus
Emberiza
Emberiza
Emberiza
Emberiza
Emberiza
Emberiza
Miliaria
Plectrophenax
Falco
Falco
Falco
Falco
Genus
Genus
Genus
Genus
Carduelis
Carduelis
Carduelis
Carduelis
Carpodacus
Coccothraustes
Fringilla
Fringilla
Pyrrhula
Serinus
Gavia
Gavia
Glareola
Grus
Haematopus
Cecropis
Delichon
Hirundo
Riparia
Lanius
Lanius
Lanius
Larus
Larus
Larus
Larus
Larus
Larus
Larus
Larus
Merops
Anthus
Anthus
Anthus
Anthus
Anthus
Motacilla
Motacilla
Motacilla
Ficedula
Ficedula
Ficedula
Ficedula
Muscicapa
Oriolus
Pandion
Cyanistes
Parus
Species
decaocto
turtur
garrulus
corax
cornix
frugilegus
monedula
glandarius
pica
canorus
cia
cirlus
citrinella
hortulana
melanocephala
schoeniclus
calandra
nivalis
columbarius
peregrinus
subbuteo
tinnunculus
Species
Species
Species
Species
cannabina
carduelis
chloris
spinus
erythrinus
coccothraustes
coelebs
montifringilla
pyrrhula
serinus
arctica
stellata
pratincola
grus
ostralegus
daurica
urbicum
rustica
riparia
collurio
minor
senator
cachinnans
canus
genei
melanocephalus
michahellis
minutus
ridibundus
tridactylus
apiaster
campestris
cervinus
pratensis
spinoletta
trivialis
alba
cinerea
flava
albicollis
hypoleuca
parva
semitorquata
striata
oriolus
haliaetus
caeruleus
lugubris
English name
Eurasian Collared Dove
European Turtle Dove
European Roller
Common Raven
Hooded Crow
Rook
Western Jackdaw
Eurasian Jay
Common Magpie
Common Cuckoo
Rock Bunting
Cirl Bunting
Yellowhammer
Ortolan Bunting
Black-headed Bunting
Common Reed Bunting
Corn Bunting
Snow Bunting
Merlin
Peregrine Falcon
Eurasian Hobby
Common Kestrel
English
English
English
English
Common Linnet
Eurasian Goldfinch
Eurasian Greenfinch
Eurasian Siskin
Common Rosefinch
Hawfinch
Common Chaffinch
Brambling
Eurasian Bullfinch
Eurasian Serin
Black-throated Loon
Red-throated Loon
Collared Pranticole
Common Crane
Eurasian Oystercatcher
Red-rumped Swallow
Common House Martin
Barn Swallow
Sand Martin
Red-backed Shrike
Lesser Grey Shrike
Woodchat Shrike
Caspian Gull
Mew (Common) Gull
Slender-billed Gull
Mediterranean Gull
Yellow-legged Gull
Little Gull
Black-headed Gull
Black-legged Kittiwake
European Bee-eater
Tawny Pipit
Red-thorated Pipit
Meadow Pipit
Water Pipit
Tree Pipit
White Wagtail
Grey Wagtail
(Western) Yellow Wagtail
Collared Flycatcher
European Pied Flycatcher
Red-breasted Flycatcher
Semi-collared Flycatcher
Spotted Flycatcher
Eurasian Golden Oriole
Osprey
Blue Tit
Sombre Tit
Turkish name
Kumru
Üveyik
Gökkuzgun
Kuzgun
Leş Kargası
Ekin Kargası
Küçük Karga
Alakarga
Saksağan
Guguk
Kaya Çintesi
Bahçe Çintesi
Sarı Çinte
Kirazkuşu
Kara Başlı Çinte
Bataklık Çintesi
Tarla Çintesi
Alaca Çinte
Boz Doğan
Gök Doğan
Delice Doğan
Kerkenez
Turkish
Turkish
Turkish
Turkish
Ketenkuşu
Saka
Florya
Kara Başlı İskete
Çütre
Kocabaş
İspinoz
Dağ İspinozu
Şakrak
Küçük İskete
Kara Gerdanlı Dalgıç
Kızıl Gerdanlı Dalgıç
Bataklıkkırlangıcı
Turna
Poyrazkuşu
Kızıl Kırlangıç
Ev Kırlangıcı
Kır Kırlangıcı
Kum Kırlangıcı
Kızıl Sırtlı Örümcekkuşu
Kara Alınlı Örümcekkuşu
Kızıl Başlı Örümcekkuşu
Hazar Martısı
Küçük Gümüş Martı
İnce Gagalı Martı
Akdeniz Martısı
Gümüş Martı
Küçük Martı
Karabaş Martı
Kara Ayaklı Martı
Arıkuşu
Kır İncirkuşu
Kızıl Gerdanlı İncirkuşu
Çayır İncirkuşu
Dağ İncirkuşu
Ağaç İncirkuşu
Ak Kuyruksallayan
Dağ Kuyruksallayanı
Sarı Kuyruksallayan
Halkalı Sinekkapan
Kara Sinekkapan
Küçük Sinekkapan
Alaca Sinekkapan
Benekli Sinekkapan
Sarıasma
Balık Kartalı
Mavi Baştankara
Ak Yanaklı Baştankara
65
Family
Genus
Species
Paridae
Paridae
Paridae
Passeridae
Passeridae
Passeridae
Pelecanidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Phalacrocoracidae
Phasianidae
Phasianidae
Phoenicopteridae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Picidae
Parus
Parus
Periparus
Passer
Passer
Passer
Pelecanus
Phalacrocorax
Phalacrocorax
Phalacrocorax
Coturnix
Phasianus
Phoenicopterus
Dendrocopos
Dendrocopos
Dendrocopos
Dendrocopos
Dendrocopos
Dryocopus
Jynx
Picus
Picus
major
palustris
ater
domesticus
hispaniolensis
montanus
onocrotalus
aristotelis
carbo
pygmeus
coturnix
colchicus
ruber
leucotos
major
medius
minor
syriacus
martius
torquilla
canus
viridis
Podicipedidae
Podicipedidae
Podicipedidae
Podicipedidae
Procellariidae
Prunellidae
Rallidae
Rallidae
Rallidae
Rallidae
Rallidae
Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostridae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Scolopacidae
Sittidae
Stercorariidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Sternidae
Strigidae
Strigidae
Strigidae
Strigidae
Strigidae
Sturnidae
Sturnidae
Sylviidae
Podiceps
Podiceps
Podiceps
Tachybaptus
Puffinus
Prunella
Fulica
Gallinula
Porzana
Porzana
Rallus
Himantopus
Recurvirostra
Actitis
Arenaria
Calidris
Calidris
Calidris
Calidris
Calidris
Gallinago
Limosa
Numenius
Numenius
Philomachus
Scolopax
Tringa
Tringa
Tringa
Tringa
Tringa
Tringa
Xenus
Sitta
Stercorarius
Chlidonias
Chlidonias
Chlidonias
Gelochelidon
Hydroprogne
Sterna
Sterna
Sternula
Asio
Athene
Bubo
Otus
Strix
Sturnus
Sturnus
Acrocephalus
cristatus
grisegena
nigricollis
ruficollis
yelkouan
modularis
atra
chloropus
parva
pusilla
aquaticus
himantopus
avosetta
hypoleucos
interpres
alba
alpina
ferruginea
minuta
temminckii
gallinago
limosa
arquata
phaeopus
pugnax
rusticola
erythropus
glareola
nebularia
ochropus
stagnatilis
totanus
cinereus
europaea
parasiticus
hybrida
leucopterus
niger
nilotica
caspia
hirundo
sandvicensis
albifrons
otus
noctua
bubo
scops
aluco
roseus
vulgaris
arundinaceus
English name
Great Tit
Marsh Tit
Coal Tit
House Sparrow
Spanish Sparrow
Eurasian Tree Sparrow
Great White Pelican
European Shag
Great Cormorant
Pygmy Cormorant
Common Quail
Common Pheasant
Greater Flamingo
White-backed Woodpecker
Great Spotted Woodpecker
Middle Spotted Woodpecker
Lesser Spotted Woodpecker
Syrian Woodpecker
Black Woodpecker
Eurasian Wryneck
Grey-headed Woodpecker
European Green
Woodpecker
Great Crested Grebe
Red-necked Grebe
Black-necked (eared) Grebe
Little Grebe
Mediterranean Shearwater
Dunnock
Eurasian Coot
Common Moorhen
Little Crake
Baillon's Crake
Water Rail
Black-winged Stilt
Pied Avocet
Common Sandpiper
Ruddy Turnstone
Sanderling
Dunlin
Curlew Sandpiper
Little Stint
Temminck's Stint
Common Snipe
Black-tailed Godwit
Eurasian Curlew
Whimbrel
Ruff
Eurasian Woodcock
Spotted Redshank
Wood Sandpiper
Common Greenshank
Green Sandpiper
Marsh Sandpiper
Common Redshank
Terek Sandpiper
Eurasian Nuthatch
Parasitic Jaeger
Whiskered Tern
White-winged Tern
Black Tern
Gull-billed Tern
Caspian Tern
Common Tern
Sandwich Tern
Little Tern
Long-eared Owl
Little Owl
Eurasian Eagle Owl
European Scops Owl
Tawny Owl
Rose-coloured Starling
Common Starling
Great Reed Warbler
Turkish name
Büyük Baştankara
Kayın Baştankarası
Çam Baştankarası
Serçe
Söğüt Serçesi
Ağaç Serçesi
Ak Pelikan
Tepeli Karabatak
Karabatak
Küçük Karabatak
Bıldırcın
Sülün
Flamingo
Ak Sırtlı Ağaçkakan
Orman Ağaçkakanı
Ortanca Ağaçkakan
Küçük Ağaçkakan
Alaca Ağaçkakan
Kara Ağaçkakan
Boyunçeviren
Küçük Yeşil Ağaçkakan
Yeşil Ağaçkakan
Bahri
Kızıl Boyunlu Batağan
Kara Boyunlu Batağan
Küçük Batağan
Yelkovan
Dağbülbülü
Sakarmeke
Sutavuğu
Bataklık Suyelvesi
Küçük Suyelvesi
Sukılavuzu
Uzunbacak
Kılıçgaga
Dere Düdükçünü
Taşçeviren
Ak Kumkuşu
Kara Karınlı Kumkuşu
Kızıl Kumkuşu
Küçük Kumkuşu
Sarı Bacaklı Kumkuşu
Suçulluğu
Çamurçulluğu
Kervançulluğu
Sürmeli Kervançulluğu
Döğüşkenkuş
Çulluk
Kara Kızılbacak
Orman Düdükçünü
Yeşilbacak
Yeşil Düdükçün
Bataklık Düdükçünü
Kızılbacak
Terek Düdükçünü
Sıvacıkuşu
Korsanmartı
Bıyıklı Sumru
Ak Kanatlı Sumru
Kara Sumru
Gülen Sumru
Hazar Sumrusu
Sumru
Kara Gagalı Sumru
Küçük Sumru
Kulaklı Orman Baykuşu
Kukumav
Puhu
İshakkuşu
Alaca Baykuş
Pembe Sığırcık
Sığırcık
Büyük Kamışçın
66
Family
Genus
Species
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Sylviidae
Threskiornithidae
Threskiornithidae
Timaliidae
Troglodytidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Acrocephalus
Acrocephalus
Acrocephalus
Cettia
Hippolais
Hippolais
Phylloscopus
Phylloscopus
Phylloscopus
Phylloscopus
Regulus
Regulus
Sylvia
Sylvia
Sylvia
Sylvia
Sylvia
Sylvia
Platalea
Plegadis
Panurus
Troglodytes
Erithacus
Luscinia
Luscinia
Oenanthe
Oenanthe
melanopogon
schoenobaenus
scirpaceus
cetti
icterina
pallida
collybita
orientalis
sibilatrix
trochilus
ignicapilla
regulus
atricapilla
borin
communis
curruca
melanocephala
nisoria
leucorodia
falcinellus
biarmicus
troglodytes
rubecula
luscinia
megarhynchos
isabellina
melanoleuca
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Turdidae
Upupidae
MAMMALIA
- Mammals
Leporidae
Gliridae
Gliridae
Cricetidae
Cricetidae
Cricetidae
Cricetidae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Muridae
Sciuridae
Erinaceidae
Soricidae
Oenanthe
Phoenicurus
Phoenicurus
Saxicola
Saxicola
Saxicola
Turdus
Turdus
Turdus
Turdus
Turdus
Turdus
Upupa
English name
Turkish name
Bıyıklı Kamışçın
Kındıra Kamışçını
Saz Kamışçını
Kamışbülbülü
Sarı Mukallit
Ak Mukallit
Çıvgın
Boz Çıvgın
Orman Çıvgını
Söğütbülbülü
Sürmeli Çalıkuşu
Çalıkuşu
Kara Başlı Ötleğen
Boz Ötleğen
Ak Gerdanlı Ötleğen
Küçük Ak Gerdanlı Ötleğen
Maskeli Ötleğen
Çizgili Ötleğen
Kaşıkçı
Çeltikçi
Bıyıklı Baştankara
Çıtkuşu
Kızılgerdan
Benekli Bülbül
Bülbül
Boz Kuyrukkakan
Karakulaklı Kuyrukkakan
oenanthe
ochruros
phoenicurus
armenicus
rubetra
rubicola
iliacus
merula
philomelos
pilaris
toquatus
viscivorus
epops
Moustached Warbler
Sedge Warbler
European Reed Warbler
Cetti's Warbler
Icterine Warbler
Eastern Olivaceous Warbler
Common Chiffchaff
Eastern Bonelli's Warbler
Wood Warbler
Willow Warbler
Firecrest
Goldcrest
Blackcap
Garden Warbler
Common Whitethroat
Lesser Whitethroat
Sardinian Warbler
Barred Warbler
Eurasian Spoonbill
Glossy Ibis
Bearded Reedling
Winter Wren
European Robin
Thrush Nightingale
Common Nightingale
Isabelline Wheatear
Eastern Blacked-eared
Wheatear
Northern Wheatear
Black Redstart
Common Redstart
Eastern (Siberian) Stonechat
Whinchat
European Stonechat
Redwing
Common Blackbird
Song Thrush
Fieldfare
Ring Ouzel
Mistle Thrush
Eurasian Hoopoe
Lepus
Dryomys
Glis
Arvicola
Microtus
Microtus
Microtus
Apodemus
Apodemus
Dryomys
Glis
Micromys
Mus
Mus
Rattus
Rattus
Sciurus
Erinaceus
Crocidura
europaeus
nitedula
glis
terrestris
subterraneus
guentheri
rossiaemeridionalis
flavicollis
agrarius
nitedula
glis
minutus
macedonicus
domesticus
rattus
norvegicus
vulgaris
concolor
suaveolens
Brown hare
Forest dormouse
Edible dormouse
Water vole
Common pine vole
Gunther’s vole
Sibling vole
Yellow-necked mouse
Striped field Mouse
Forest dormouse
Edible dormouse
Harvest Mouse
Balkan short-tailed Mouse
Western house mouse
Black rat, Ship rat
Brown rat
Red squirrel
Eastern hedgehog
Lesser white-toothed shrew
Soricidae
Crocidura
leucodon
Soricidae
Soricidae
Soricidae
Talpidae
Talpidae
Delphinidae
Delphinidae
Felidae
Felidae
Neomys
Sorex
Sorex
Talpa
Talpa
Delphinus
Tursiops
Capreolus
Cervus
anomalus
minutus
araneus
europaea
ceaca
delphis
truncatus
capreolus
elaphus
Bi-colored white-toothed
shrew
Miller’s water shrew
Pigmy shrew
Common shrew
Common mole
Blind mole
Common dolphin
Bottlenose dolphin
Roe deer
Red deer
Yabani Tavşan
Ağaç Faresi, Cevizkıran
Yediuyur, Kataliks
Su Sıçanı
Küçük Oyucufare
Akdeniz tarla faresi
Uzun kuyruklu çayır faresi
Orman Faresi
Çizgili Orman Faresi
Yediuyur, Kataliks
Hasat Faresi
Makedonya Ev Faresi
Ev faresi
Ev Sıçanı
Göçmen Sıçan
Avrupa Sincabı
Kirpi
Küçük Sivriburunlu
Bahçefaresi
Sivriburunlu Bahçefaresi
Kuyrukkakan
Kara Kızılkuyruk
Kızılkuyruk
Sibirya Taşkuşu
Çayır Taşkuşu
Taşkuşu
Kızıl Ardıç
Karatavuk
Öter Ardıç
Tarla Ardıcı
Boğmaklı Ardıç
Ökse Ardıcı
İbibik
Sivriburunlu Bataklıkfaresi
Sivriburunlu Cücefare
Orman Sivriburunfaresi
Köstebek
Akdeniz Köstebeği
Yunus
Afalina
Karaca
Kızıl Geyik
67
Family
Genus
Species
English name
Felidae
Canidae
Canidae
Canidae
Felidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Mustelidae
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae
Sus
Canis
Canis
Vulpes
Felis
Lutra
Martes
Martes
Meles
Mustela
Mustela
Vormela
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus
Barbastella
Eptesicus
Miniopterus
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Myotis
Nyctalus
Nyctalus
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus
Plecotus
scrofa
lupus
aureus
vulpes
silvestris
lutra
foina
martes
meles
nivalis
putorius
peregusna
blasii
euryale
ferrumequinum
hipposideros
mehelyi
barbastellus
serotinus
schreibersii
alcathoe
bechsteini
blythi
capaccinii
daubentoni
emarginatus
myotis
mystacinus
nattereri
leisleri
noctula
kuhlii
nathusii
pipistrellus
pygmaeus
auritus
Wild boar
Wolf
Golden jackal
Red fox
Wildcat
Otter
Beach marten, Stone marten
Pine marten
Badger
Weasel
Western polecat
Marbled polecat
Blasiu’s horseshoe bat
Mediterranean horshoe bat
Greater horseshoe bat
Lesser horseshoe bat
Mehaly’s horseshoe bat
Barbastelle
Serotine
Schribers’ bat
Whiskered bat
Bechstein’s bat
Lesser Mouse-eared bat
Long-fingered bat
Daubenton’s bat
Geoffroy’s bat
Greater Mouse-eared bat
Whiskered bat
Natterer’s bat
Leisler’s bat
Noctule
Kuhl’s pipistrelle
Nathusius’ pipistrelle
Common pipistrelle
Pigmy bat
Brown long-eared bat
Vespertilionidae
Plecotus
austriacus
Grey lon-eared bat
Turkish name
Yaban Domuzu
Kurt
Çakal
Tilki
Yaban Kedisi
Su Samuru
Kaya Sansarı
Ağaç sansarı
Porsuk
Gelincik
Kokarca
Alaca Kokarca
Nalburunlu Yarasa
Akdeniz Nalburunluyarasası
Nalburunlu Büyükyarasa
Nalburunlu Küçükyarasa
Mehely yarasası
Sakallı Yarasa
Genişkanatlı Yarasa
Uzunkanatlı Yarasa
Bıyıklı Küçük yarasa
Büyükkulaklı Yarasa
Farekulaklı küçük yarasa
Uzunayaklı Yarasa
Su Yarasası
Kirpikli Yarasa
Farekulaklı Büyük Yarasa
Bıyıklı Yarasa
Saçaklı Yarasa
Küçük Akşamcı Yarasa
Akşamcı Yarasa
Beyazyakalı Yarasa
Pürtüklü Yarasa
Cüce Yarasa
Cüce yarasa
Kahverengi Uzunkulaklı
Yarasa
Gri Uzunkulaklı Yarasa
68
ANNEX 4: ODONATA MOUNTAINS
DISTRIBUTION, HABITATS AND IMAGES TAKEN IN
YILDIZ
Calopteryx splendens (Harris, 1782): Spreads from Europe through Asia up to China. Commonly found
in Turkey. Present in every kind of running water, especially in streams and creeks as dense groups. This
species fly from early May to early October, though some records also suggest flight in March and April.
This species was recorded from almost all water resources in the Yıldız Mountains area. Balaban Deresi,
Pabuç Deresi, Asker Deresi, Bulanık Dere, Dereköy, Poyralı, Kömürköy, and other streams around Soğucak
and Demirköy.
Calopteryx virgo festiva (Brullé, 1832): Matures live in rocky streams with a slow flow from mid May to
early September. It may also be seen along streams with trees. This species was recorded in Balaban
Deresi, Pabuç Deresi and around Dereköy, Kızılağaç, Yeniceköy, Poyralı, Kurudere.
Epallage fatime (Charpentier, 1840): This species present in all parts of Turkey. It is common in
southern Turkey, but seldom in Turkish Thrace. It flies from late April to late August. Present especially in
rocky streams and brooks, some times in rivers. There is only one record from Kızılağaç village in Yıldız
Mountain area (Hacet and Aktaç, 1997).
Lestes barbarus (Fabricius, 1798): This species lives in all Mediterranean countries. Additionally, it is
also present in the north of Norway and across to the east of Turkmenistan. It is common in Turkey. Seen
between the period from mid May to late August. Found in calm and shallow waters, generally in waters
with dense vegetation. It was recorded from Balaban stream and a stream near Demirköy. Also recorded
from İğneada, (Hacet and Aktaç, 1997).
Lestes parvidens Artobolevski, 1929: Very common species in Thrace. Also recorded sparcely along
Mediterranean coasts. Rare in other parts of Turkey. Prefer calm waters with woody parts. Seen from
early May to early October. Recorded around Demirköy.
Sympecma fusca (Vander Linden, 1820): Spreads from the Middle East to South Africa and
Turkmenistan. Common in Turkey. Seen from late March to mid August. Adults hibernate and may be
found in winged form during the year. Found in calm and in densely vegetated waters. Lay eggs on death
plants (especially on Scirpus spp.). Recorded from İğneada.
Platycnemis pennipes pennipes (Pallas, 1771): Distributes in middle and south-west Asia, and Europe.
Common in western Turkey and seldom in north-eastern Turkey. Not present in most parts of southeastern Anatolia. Flies from early April to early October. Present primarily in streams, and every type of
running water. Recorded from streams around İğneada, Demirköy, Kömürköy, Avcılar and Sivriler.
Erythromma lindenii (=Cercion lindenii) (Sélys, 1840): Common in Turkish Thrace, and also present in
level places of the Mediterranean and south-eastern Anatolia or around lakes in south-western Anatolia.
Not present in northern Turkey. Prefers calm or slowly moving and partly deep waters. Its preferable
waters are especially rich with floating vegetation. Flies from early May to early October. Recorded in
waters around İğneada and Kıyıköy.
Coenagrion puella (L., 1758): Spreads across from south and middle of Europe, the north of Norway and
southern parts of Finland up to Iran in the east. Also reaches to north-western Africa. Common in nearly
all parts of Turkey. Flies from mid May to mid August. Prefers calm waters especially with floating
vegetation. Seen seldom in slowly flowing waters. Recorded from small lakes near İğneada and Demirköy.
Coenagrion scitulum (Rambur, 1842): Common in western Turkey, known from a few records around
Van Lake. Seen in calm waters like lakes and pods. Flying period extends from mid May to late July.
Determined from Balaban Stream and other streams around Demirköy.
Erythromma viridulum (Charpentier, 1840): Found in Mediterranean countries, central Europe and the
Middle East. Common in Turkey. Flying period lasts from early May to early September. Lives in calm
waters. Eggs are laid 30-40 cm under the surface of water especially in Ceratophyllum spp. Recorded from
İğneada.
Ischnura elegans pontica Schmidt, 1938: Found in most parts of Europe, Middle East, and up to China.
Common in Turkey. Seen from late March to mid November. Possible to see all year in the south. Prefer
calm waters, and seldom seen in running waters. May be seen in low dirty waters. Recorded from İğneada,
Demirköy and Mert lake.
69
Aeshna affinis Vander Linden, 1820: This species is not common in Turkey and is known by scattered
rerods. Possibly prefers calm waters with dense vegetation. Flying period lasts from late May to late
October. Recorded from Dereköy and İğneada.
Aeshna cyanea (O.F. Müller, 1764): Especially seen in northern mountains in Turkey. Prefer ponds and
small lakes with dense vegetation. Especially seen over 700 meters asl. Recorded from Balaban stream
(Hacet ve Aktaç, 1997).
Aeshna isosceles (O.F. Müller, 1764): Recorded from a lot of pars of Türkey, especially from Köyceğiz.
Prefers canals and lakes with dense vegetation. Especially prefer waters with rush-sedge vegetation.
Flying period lasts from early May to early August. Recorded from Kıyıköy.
Aeshna mixta Latreille, 1805: Wide distribution in Europe, from the south through to central Europe up
to the Baltik region; also found in north Africa, through to middle Asia and up into Japan. Scarcely known
in nearly all regions of Turkey. Seen from mid May to mid November. Most records are between July and
August. Found in calm and shallow waters, and some times hard waters. Recorded from Balaban stream.
Anax imperator Leach, 1815: Found across north Europe through to central and south Europe,
spreading across to the Middle East, central Asia, North Africa, up to South Africa, including Madagascar.
Recorded in almost every region of Turkey. Seen from early April to early October. Found in calm waters.
Recorded from İğneada and Sivriler areas.
Anax parthenope parthenope (Sélys, 1839): Most especially found in southern Europe. Extends up to
middle Asia. Known commonly in southern parts of Turkey, and recorded in various other parts of Turkey.
Seen from late March to early December. Found in calm waters. Recorded from İğneada area.
Caliaeschna microstigma (Schneider, 1845): Recorded from Kosovoa, Albania, Cyprus, Greece, Bulgaria,
Yugoslavia, Turkey, Israel and Caucasia. Recorded from nearly all regions of Turkey. Seen from mid May to
mid August. Lives in all kind of running waters except large rivers. Prefers stoney streams and small
creeks inside forests. Recorded from Dereköy in study area.
Brachytron pratense (O.F. Müller, 1764): Seen seldomly in western Turkey and not present in eastern
Anatolia. Prefers large lakes with rich vegetation and reedy areas. Flies actively from mid May to mid July.
Recorded from Mert Gölü Longose (Hacet ve Aktaç, 1997).
Cordulegaster insignis insignis Schneider, 1845: Recorded from south eastern Bulgaria, north eastern
Greece, Turkey, Caucasia and Iran. It has a wide distribution with five subspecies (insignis, charpentieri,
amasina, mzymtae and nobilis). Flies from late May to mid August. Especially found in small, cold and clean
streams, and sometimes large running waters. Recorded from Balaban stream and Avcılar village area.
Cordulegaster picta Sélys, 1854: Distributes from eastern Balcans, through Turkey up to Caucasia. It has
a wide distribution in western and northwestern Turkey. Known only by one record from Van Lake area.
Prefers springs, small brooks or larger running waters like streams. Has a flying period from late May to
mid August. Recorded from Dereköy and Balaban stream.
Somatochlora borisi (=Corduliochlora borisi) Marinov, 2001: This species recently found on western
side of Rodop Mountains and then recorded from the northern and southern slopes of Yildiz Mountains
(Boudot, 2004). Up to now, it was recorded only from Turkey, Bulgaria and Greece. The only record in
Turkey was from Pabuç stream in Kıyıköy, however, colud nod recorded during our study. Prefers streams
with muddy beds inside forests. Active from May to July.
Somatochlora meridionalis Nielsen, 1935: Common in Thrace and in adjacent regions in Anatolia. There
is only a single record from Muğla in south western Turkey. Lives in small streams shaded by trees. Active
from late May to late August. Seen around Evciler.
Onychogomphus forcipatus forcipatus (L., 1758): O. forcipatus has a wide distribution in Europe and
western Asia. Its subspecies widely seen in Turkey is O. f. albotibialis; O. lefebvrii found in south eastern
Turkey and in most of Anatolia is albotibialis. Prefers rocky streams and brooks. Flies from mid May to late
August. Seen in Yeniceköy and Soğucak villages.
Crocothemis erythraea erythraea (Brullé, 1832): Spreads from India to Africa and Europe. Common in
most parts of Turkey, especially common in southern parts and seldom in the north. Flies from late March
to early October. Found in all kinds of calm waters. Seen in İğneada.
Libellula depressa L., 1758: Common in Turkey. Can be seen from early May to late August in all calm
waters. Prefers waterholes and canals. Seen commonly in Balaban stream, and recorded also from Kıyıköy.
Additionally, recorded on side roads inside the forest berween Mert Lake and Pedina Lake.
70
Libellula fulva O.F. Müller, 1764: Has scattered records from western Turkey. Common around Köyceğiz
Lake. Seen in every kind of calm and slowly flowing water, especially such waters with rushes. Active from
late April to mid June. Recorded from Kıyıköy.
Orthetrum brunneum (Fonscolombe, 1837): Common in Mediterranean basin, and distributes in North
Africa, Central Europe, Balcans, Anatolia and Middle East. Recorded from all regions in Turkey, one of the
most common species. Seen from early May to early October. Found in running waters, mostly in streams
and springs, sometimes in lakes. Seen in Dereköy, Kömürköy, Yeniceköy, Soğucak, Poyralı, Kızılağaç and
Kıyıköy.
Orthetrum cancellatum (L., 1758): Has a distribution extending from the south of Scandinavia, through
southern and central Europe to north Africa up to the middle East and to Mogolhistan. Common in Turkey.
Seen from early May to early September. Found in large, calm waters. Seen in Sivriler and İğneada.
Sympetrum fonscolombii (Sélys, 1840): Distributed throughout mediterranean countries and southern
Europe and across to Cashmere. Found in all regions of Turkey, especially common in southern Turkey.
Though seen all year, there is no record from February. Mostly seen between April and October. Found in
calm and especially shallow waters. Recorded in lakes near İğneada.
Sympetrum meridionale (Sélys, 1841): Found in Mediterranean countries, middle of northern Europe
and Cashmere in the east. Very common in western Turkey, rarely recorded from eastern Turkey. Found
in calm (especially shallow) waters from late May to late November. Recorded from İğneada and Sivriler.
Sympetrum sanguineum (O.F. Müller, 1764): The distribution of this species extends from southern
Europe up to southern parts of Scandinavia in the northwest, eastern parts of the Middle East, and northwestern Siberia. Not present in most of the Mediterranean Islands or Italy. One of the most common may
flies in most parts of Europe. Common in most parts of Turkey. Seen from late May to early October. Only
one record from mid April. Can be seen in every kind of calm water. Recorded from İğneada, Sivriler and
Kıyıköy.
Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier, 1840): Mostly distributed in countries around the Mediterranean,
in Europe, and up to Cashmere in Asia. Recorded from all regions of Turkey. May be found in all calm
waters from early April to late November. Seen in Balaban stream, Demirköy, İğneada and Kıyıköy.
Epallage fatime (By Ahmet Karataş)
Erythromma viridulum (♂) (By Ahmet Karataş)
71
Cordulegaster insignis (By Ahmet Karataş)
Orthetrum cancellatum (♂) (By Ahmet Karataş)
Onychogomphus forcipatus albotibialis
Sympetrum fonscolombii (By Ahmet Karataş)
(♂) (By Ahmet Karataş)
Libellula depressa (♀) (By Ahmet Karataş)
Libellula depressa (♂) (By Ahmet Karataş)
Sympetrum striolatum (By Ahmet Karataş)
Calopteryx splendens amasina
(By Ahmet Karataş)
72
ANNEX 5: LEPIDOPTERA - DISTRIBUTION, HABITATS,
IMAGES TAKEN IN YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
THREATENED STATUS AND
Family: PAPILIONIDAE - KUYRUKLU KELEBEKLER, SWALLOWTAILS
1
Iphiclides podalirius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Erik Kırlangıçkuyruğu
English: Scarce Swallowtail, Pear-tree Swallowtail
Habitat: Parks, gardens, fields and open woodlands and also places with sloe thickets and
particularly orchards (up to 1500 m)
Flight Period: March to September
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Dupnisa (Sarpdere), between
the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
2
Papilio (s.str.) machaon (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Kırlangıçkuyruk
English: Swallowtail, Common Yellow Swallowtail
Habitat: Various types, up to altitude of 3000 m
Flight Period: March to October
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina
and Hamam.
Family: PIERIDAE - BEYAZ KELEBEKLER, WHITES or YELLOW-WHITES
3
Leptidea sinapis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Narin Orman Beyazı
English: Wood White
Habitat: Meadows, thickets, along woodland rides and sparse forests up to 2500 m.
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
4
Aporia (s.str.) crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Alıçkelebeği
English: Black-veined White
Habitat: Mostly orchards, bushy areas between 500-2000 m.
Flight Period: April to June
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, between
5
Pieris bryoniae (Hubner, 1806)
Türkçe: Dağ Beyaz Meleği
English: Mountain Green-veined White
Habitat: Alpine and subalpine meadow
Flight Period: June to July
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Yıldız Dağları’ndan kaydedilmiş (Göbekçioğlu, 1989); diğer çalışmalarda görülmemiştir.
6
Pieris (Artogeia) krueperi (Staudinger, 1860)
Türkçe: Krüper'in Beyaz Meleği
English: Kruper's Small White
Habitat: Water edges and flowery and rocky places
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
73
7
Pieris pseudorapae (Verity, 1908 (=P. napi))
Türkçe: Yalancı Beyaz Melek
English: False Cabbage White
Habitat: Meadow in forest clearings and along woodland rides
Flight Period: April to September
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
8
Pieris (Artogeia) rapae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Küçük Beyaz Melek
English: Small White
Habitat: Various: often fields, parks and gardens
Flight Period: March to November
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Erikli Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, between the streams of
Yavuz and Bulanık
9
Pieris (s.str.) brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Büyük Beyaz Melek
English: Large White
Habitat: Most kinds of habitat: mostly fields and roadsides
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Dupnisa (Sarpdere)
10
Pontia edusa (Fabricius, 1777)
Türkçe: Yeni Benekli Melek
English: New Bath White
Habitat: Meadow and places near water
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the streams of Deringeçit and
Uzunalan, Longoz
11
Colias crocea (Fourcroy, 1785)
Türkçe: Sarı Azamet
English: Dark Clouded Yellow
Habitat: Meadow, along woodland rides
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar, Dupnisa (Sarpdere), İğneada, north-west İğneada, Mert Lake, between
the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
Family: ARGYNNIDAE (NYMPHALIDAE) - FIRÇA AYAKLI KELEBEKLER, BRUSH-FOOTED
BUTTERFLIES
12
Limenitis reducta (Staudinger, 1901)
Türkçe: Akdeniz Hanımeli Kelebeği
English: Southern White Admiral, Eastern White Admiral
Habitat: Sparse forests and meadows in forest from sea level to 1650 m
Flight Period: May to September
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
74
13
Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Isırgan Kelebeği
English: Map Butterfly
Habitat: Gardens, parks, water edges in forests from sea level to 1400 m
Flight Period: May to August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
14
Inachis io (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Tavuskelebeği
English: Peacock Butterfly
Habitat: Mostly woodlands and scrubs and also parks, gardens and roadsides from sea level to 2500
m
Flight Period: April to August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
15
Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Atalanta
English: Red Admiral
Habitat: Usually environs of orchards (mostly pear trees)
Flight Period: March to December
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
16
Cynthia cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) (=Vanessa cardui)
Türkçe: Diken Kelebeği
English: Painted Lady
Habitat: Many kinds
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Demirköy, Avcılar, Balaban (Velika), between the lakes of Deniz and Saka,
Dupnisa (Sarpdere), Erikli Lake, İğneada, north-west İğneada, Longoz, Mert Lake, between the lakes
of Pedina and Hamam, Sislioba, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
17
Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Yırtık Pırtık
English: Comma Butterfly
Habitat: Gardens, parks and woodlands from sea level to 2000 m
Flight Period: March to August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Erikli Lake, Longoz, Mert Lake
18
Argynnis (Fabriciana) adippe (Rottemburg, 1775)
Türkçe: Büyük İnci
English: High Brown Fritillary
Habitat: Open places
Flight Period: June to August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Erikli Lake, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
19
Argynnis (Pandoriana) pandora ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775)
Türkçe: Bahadır
English: Cardinal, Great Fritillary
Habitat: Meadows and dry places up to 2500 m
Flight Period: June to September
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar, Dupnisa (Sarpdere), Limanköy, Mert Lake
75
20
Argynnis (s.str.) paphia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Cengaver
English: Silver-washed Fritillary
Habitat: Mostly forest areas from sea level to 1500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, north-west İğneada, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
21
Boloria (Clossiana) euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Beyaz İnci
English: Pearl-bordered Fritillary
Habitat: Typically deciduous woodland containing open areas, such as woodland clearings between
1500-2500 m and also conifer plantations and limestone pavements in some areas.
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, north-west İğneada, Longoz, between
22
Brenthis daphne (Bergsträsser, 1780)
Türkçe: Böğürtlen Brentisi
English: Marbled Fritillary
Habitat: Usually from sea level to 2000 m; sometimes meadow and mixed forests with higher
altitude
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
23
Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: İspanyol Kraliçesi
English: Queen of Spain Fritillary
Habitat: Most habitats from sea level to 2700 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Erikli Lake, Longoz, Mert Lake
24
Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: İparhan
English: Glanville Fritillary
Habitat: Various habitat types from sea level to 2500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada-Longoz GEF-II area without detail (Göbekçioğlu, 1989).
25
Melitaea didyma (Esper,[1779])
Türkçe: Benekli İparhan
English: Spotted Fritillary
Habitat: Dry and open meadow and openings in forests from sea level to 2300 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar
26
Melitaea fascelis (Fabricius, 1787)
Türkçe: Güzel İparhan
English: Lesser Spotted Fritillary
Habitat: Various kinds of habitat from sea level to 1700 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
76
27
Melitaea phoebe (Goeze, 1779)
Türkçe: Benekli Büyük İparhan
English: Knapweed Fritillary
Habitat: Flowered open areas and semi arid places up to 1500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
Family: SATYRIDAE - GÖZ KELEBEKLERİ, BROWNS
28
Aphantopus hyperantus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Halkacık
English: Ringlet
Habitat: Bushy and grassy places
Flight Period: July to August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
29
Melanargia galathea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Melike
English: Marbled White
Habitat: Flowered meadows and woodland clearings up to 1700 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Uzunalan, Erikli Lake
30
Hipparchia (Neohipparchia) fatua (Freyer, 1844)
Türkçe: Anadolu Karameleği
English: Freyer's Grayling
Habitat: River valleys and sparse forests up to 2000 m, mostly resting on tree trunks and rocks,
south facing
Flight Period: May to October
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
31
Hipparchia (Neohipparchia) statilinus (Hufnagel, 1766)
Türkçe: Ağaç Karameleği
English: Tree Grayling
Habitat: Rocky places south facing from sea level to 1400 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
32
Hipparchia (s.str.) syriaca (Staudinger, 1871)
Türkçe: Büyük Karamelek
English: Syrian Rock Grayling, Syrian Tree, Grayling
Habitat: Hot bushy and/or rocky places in or near deciduous woodland containing oak, mountain
slopes and forests up to 2000 m
Flight Period: June to October
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Avcılar, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, İğneada, Longoz
33
Arethusana arethusa ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775)
Türkçe: Seyit
English: False Grayling
Habitat: Various places from sea level to 2500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
77
34
Chazara briseis (Linnaeus, 1764)
Türkçe: Cadı
English: Hermit
Habitat: Various places from sea level to 2000 m, sometimes up to 2500 m, e.g. meadows, scrubs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Erikli Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and
Hamam, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
35
Brintesia circe (Fabricius, 1775)
Türkçe: Kara Murat
English: Great Banded Grayling, Great Black Grayling
Habitat: Sparse forests and up to 2000 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
36
Minois dryas (Scopoli, 1763)
Türkçe: Kara Hayalet
English: Dryad
Habitat: Woodland clearings up to 1600 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
37
Hyponephele (s.str.) lupina (Costa, [1836])
Türkçe: Esmer Peri
English: Oriental Steppe Brown
Habitat: Dry and flowered meadow, high forests and valleys from sea level to 2600 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
38
Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Çayır Esmeri
English: Meadow Brown
Habitat: Meadow, forests clearings and woodlands from sea level to 2000 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Dupnisa (Sarpdere),
İğneada, north-west İğneada, Limanköy, Longoz, Mert Lake, Sislioba, between the streams of Yavuz
and Bulanık
39
Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1771)
Türkçe: Pironiya
English: Gatekeeper
Habitat: Most kinds of habitat from sea level to 1700 m
Flight Period: July to September
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Erikli Lake, north-west İğneada, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
40
Coenonympha arcania (Linnaeus, 1761)
Türkçe: Funda Zıpzıp Perisi
English: Pearly Heath
Habitat: Meadows, roadsides and forest clearings from sea level to 1800 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, north-west İğneada,
78
41
Coenonympha pamphilus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Küçük Zıpzıp Perisi
English: Small Heath
Habitat: Mostly dry areas, meadows, wetlands from sea level to 2700 m. Often seen on grasses in
parks and gardens
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Demirköy, Avcılar, Balaban (Velika), north-west İğneada, Limanköy, Longoz,
Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, Sislioba
42
Kirinia roxelana (Cramer, 1777)
Türkçe: Ağaç Esmeri
English: Lattice Brown
Habitat: Hot wooded areas, mountain slopes, river valleys, forest fringes and glades. Most common
in xerothermic deciduous forests with predominance of oak, from sea level to 1700 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, İğneada, north-west İğneada,
Limanköy, Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, Sislioba, between the streams of
Yavuz and Bulanık
43
Lasiommata megera (Linnaeus, 1767)
Türkçe: Küçük Esmer Boncuk
English: Wall Butterfly
Habitat: Woodland clearings, scrubs along river sides, parks and rocky places from sea level to 3000
m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, north-west İğneada, between
the lakes of Pedina and Hamam, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
44
Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Karanlık Orman Esmeri
English: Speckled Wood
Habitat: Sparce mixed forests and also parks and gardens; roadsides and woodland clearings up to
2000 m
Flight Period: April to October
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Longoz, Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
Family: RIODINIDAE – İNCİ KELEBEKLERİ, METALMARK BUTTERFLIES
45
Hamearis lucina (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: İncili Kelebek
English: Duke of Burgundy Fritillary
Habitat: Woodland clearings and meadows
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Longoz, Mert Lake, between the streams
of Yavuz and Bulanık
Family: LYCAENIDAE - SU GÜZELLERİ, BLUES and COPPERS
46
Quercusia quercus (Linnaeus, 1758) (=Thecla quercus)
Türkçe: Mor Meşe Kelebeği
English: Purple Hairstreak
Habitat: Primarily woodland containing oak trees, the foodplant of the larva and also other locations
where oaks occur, including lanes, parks, and other urban areas where oaks may be found, from sea
level to 2000 m
79
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
47
Thecla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Huş Kelebeği
English: Brown Hairstreak
Habitat: Places where blackthorn is abundant, including hedgerows and woodlands up to 1500 m
Flight Period: June to October
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
48
Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Zümrüt
English: Green Hairstreak
Habitat: Wide variety of habitats up to 2300 m, including hillsides, moorland, chalk downland,
heathland, railway embankments and valley bottoms. A common feature of all these habitats is the
presence of scrubby plants and hedgerows.
Flight Period: March to July
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: North-west İğneada, Longoz, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
49
Satyrium (Nordmannia) ilicis (Esper, [1779])
Türkçe: Büyük Sevbeni
English: Ilex Hairstreak
Habitat: Oak plantations, hedgerows and thickets up to 1800 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Erikli Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
50
Leptotes pirithous (Linnaeus, 1767)
Türkçe: Mavi Zebra
English: Lang's Short-tailed Blue, Zebra Blue
Habitat: Open areas and meadows up to 1250 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
51
Tarucus balkanicus (Freyer, [1843])
Türkçe: Balkan Kaplanı
English: Little Tiger Blue
Habitat: Dry and bushy places up to 1200 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
52
Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Kutsal Mavi
English: Holly Blue
Habitat: Many kinds up to 1900 m; often woodland clearings, parks and gardens
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina
and Hamam
53
Glaucopsyche (s.str.) alexis (Poda, 1761)
Türkçe: Karagözlü Mavi Kelebek
English: Green-underside Blue
Habitat: Dry and flowered meadows from sea level to 1900 m
80
Flight Period: March to July
RedList (IUCN): NE
54
Pseudophilotes vicrama (Moore, 1865)
Türkçe: Himalaya Mavi Kelebeği
English: Lesser Chequered Blue
Habitat: Dry meadows and thickets up to 1900 m.
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan,
Longoz, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
55
Plebejus (Lycaeides) idas (Linnaeus, 1761)
Türkçe: Esmergöz
English: Idas Blue
Habitat: Open areas in forests, roadsides and wet pastures up to 2100 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
56
Plebejus (s.str.) argus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Gümüş Lekeli Esmergöz
English: Silver-studded Blue
Habitat: Wide variety of habitats up to 2000 m; mostly water edges and wet meadows, heathlands
RedList (IUCN): NE
Lokalite(ler): Mert Lake, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
57
Polyommatus semiargus (Rottemburg, 1775)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Güzel Mavi
English: Mazarine Blue
Habitat: Often dense flowered meadows
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Erikli Lake, Longoz, Mert Lake
58
Polyommatus (s.str. (Cyaniris)) bellis (Freyer, 1842)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Güzel Mavi
English: Eastern Mazarine Blue
Habitat: Often dense flowered meadows
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan,
north-west İğneada, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
59
Polyommatus (Aricia (Ultraaricia)) anteros (Freyer, 1838)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Balkan Mavisi
English: Blue Argus, Freyer's Blue
Habitat: Warm rocky and flowered places up to 2000 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Longoz
60
Polyommatus (Aricia (s.str.)) agestis ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Esmer
English: Brown Argus
Habitat: Forest edges, woodland clearings, and also flowered steps up to 1700 m
81
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
61
Polyommatus (s.str. (Lysandra)) coridon (Poda, 1761)
Türkçe: Çilli Çokgözlü
English: Chalk-hill Blue
Habitat: Lives in discrete colonies on chalk and limestone downland where its foodplant is found in
abundance. It is a warmth-loving butterfly, and is typically found on sheltered, south-facing
hillsides.
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
62
Polyommatus (s.str. (Thersitesia)) thersites (Canterer, 1835)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Menekşe Mavisi
English: Chapman's Blue
Habitat: Mostly flowered places; sometimes rocky areas
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
63
Polyommatus (s.str.) icarus (Rottemburg, 1775)
Türkçe: Çokgözlü Mavi
English: Common Blue
Habitat: Various places from sea level to 2700 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, Avcılar, north-west İğneada, Longoz, Mert Lake, Limanköy, between the
streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
64
Heodes (Alciphronia) alciphron (Rottemburg, 1775) (=Lycaena alciphron)
Türkçe: Büyük Mor Bakır Kelebeği
English: Purple-shot Copper
Habitat: Mountain slopes and flowered meadows between 800-2000 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Longoz
65
Heodes (Loweia) tityrus (Poda, 1761) (=Lycaena tityrus)
Türkçe: İsli Bakır Kelebeği
English: Sooty Copper, Blackish Copper
Habitat: Mixed forests between 50-2500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Dereköy, between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
66
Lycaena (s.str.) phlaeas (Linnaeus, 1761)
Türkçe: Benekli Bakır Kelebeği
English: Small Copper
Habitat: Various habitats from sea level to 2400 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Uzunalan, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
82
67
Lycaena (Thersamolycena) dispar [(Hawort, 1802)]
Türkçe: Büyükbakırgüzeli
English: Large Copper
Habitat: Salty steps and marshlands
RedList (IUCN): LR
Localities: Dereköy, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Erikli Lake, Longoz, between
68
Lycaena (Thersamonia) thersamon (Esper, [1784])
Türkçe: Küçük Ateş Kelebeği
English: Lesser Fiery Copper
Habitat: Meadows and pastures from sea level to 1600 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
Family: HESPERIIDAE – ZIPZIPLAR, SKIPPERS
69
Carcharodus (Reverdinus) orientalis Reverdin, 1913
Türkçe: Oriental Zıpzıp
English: Oriental Skipper
Habitat: Hot, dry, grassy and rocky places
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Longozs
70
Carcharodus (s.str.) alceae (Esper, [1780])
Türkçe: Ebegümeci Zıpzıpı
English: Mallow Skipper
Habitat: Lush to very dry grassy places often with flowers and amongst scrub or woodlands,
meadows, roadsides up to 2500 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
71
Erynnis tages (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Paslı Zıpzıp
English: Dingy Skipper
Habitat: Woodland clearings and meadows up to 2000 m
Flight Period: April to June
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
72
Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Ebegümeci Zıpzığı
English: Grizzled Skipper
Habitat: Mixed pine forest clearings
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan, Erikli Lake, Longoz, Mert Lake
73
Spialia (Neospialia) orbifer (Hübner, [1823])
Türkçe: Kızıl Zıpzıp
English: Red Underwing Skipper
Habitat: Open areas and water edges up to 1600 m
Flight Period: April to September (October)
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
83
74
Ochlodes venatus (Bremer et Grey, [1852])
Türkçe: Orman Zıpzıpı
English: Large Skipper
Habitat: Various kinds such as woodland clearings and meadows, from sea level to 1800 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Dereköy
75
Thymelicus sylvestris (Poda, 1761)
Türkçe: Sarı Antenli Zıpzıp
English: Small Skipper
Habitat: Rough grassland, where tall grasses grow, and also on roadside verges, hedgerows,
overgrown downland, in woodland clearings and along woodland rides up to 2000 m
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Longoz, Mert Lake
Family: ZYGAENIDAE – ZİGENALAR, BURNET MOTHS
76
Zygaena purpuralis (Brünnich, 1763)
Türkçe: Erguvani Zigena
English: Transparent Burnet
Habitat: Meadows
Flight Period: June to July
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Longoz, Mert Lake
Family: ADELIDAE - FAIRY LONG HORN MOTHS
77
Adela reamurella (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Reamür Adelası
English: Common a longhorn moth
Habitat: Oak trees
Flight Period: ?
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Longozlar vicinity
78
Nematopogon panzerella Fabricius, 1794
Türkçe: English: Habitat:
Flight Period:
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, between the streams of Deringeçit and Uzunalan
Family: NOTODONTIDAE
79
Furcula furcula (Linnaeus, 1761)
Türkçe: Solgun kedicik Güvesi
English: Sallow Kitten
Habitat: Environs of willow, birch and poplar trees
Flight Period: April to the end of August
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Between the lakes of Deniz and Saka, Longoz
80
Spatalia argentina ([Denis-Schiffermüller], 1775)
Türkçe: English: Small Chocolate-tip
Habitat: Environs of trees of Quercus ssp., sometimes also Salix and Populus spp., which the larvae
mainly feed on.
84
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Longoz, between the lakes of Pedina and Hamam
Family: NOCTUIDAE - OWLET MOTHS
81
Emmelia trabealis (Scopoli, 1763)
Türkçe: Çizgili Emel
English: Spotted Sulphur
Habitat: Open areas with field bindweed
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Longoz
Family: SPHINGIDAE - HAWK MOTHS
82
Macroglossum stellatarum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Güvercinkuyruklu Atmaca Güvesi
English: Hummingbird Hawkmoth
Habitat: Flowered open areas
Flight Period: Almost all seasons, even sunny days in winter
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Limanköy, between the streams of Yavuz and Bulanık
Family: ARCTIIDAE – AYI GÜVELERİ, BEAR MOTHS
83
Lithosia quadra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Türkçe: Dörtbenekli Likengüvesi
English: Four-spotted Footman
Habitat: Lichens and algae on trees, mostly oaks
RedList (IUCN): NE
Family: GEOMETRIDAE - GEOMETER MOTHS
84
Amoebe pectinaria (Knoch, 1781)
Habitat: Oak and beech forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
85
Aplocera plagiata (Linnaeus, 1758)
RedList (IUCN): NE
86
Asthena candidata ([Denis et Schiffermüller], 1775)
Habitat: Oak, beech and (European) hornbeam forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Demirköy, Balaban (Velika), Sislioba
87
Cabera pusaria (Linnaeus, 1758)
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Demirköy, Balaban (Velika)
88
Campaea margaritata (Linnaeus, 1767)
RedList (IUCN): NE
85
89
Camtogramma bilineata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Forested areas, especially herbs (mostly under surfaces of leaves of nettles) in river banks
RedList (IUCN): NE
Localities: Demirköy, Balaban (Velika), İğneada, Sislioba
90
Catarhoe rubidata (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Habitat: Oak, beech forests, and also poplar-willow trees and flowered herbs in riverine biotop
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Balaban (Velika)
91
Cleta perpusillaria (Eversmann, 1847)
Habitat: Oak forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
92
Cosmorhoe obliterata (Hufnagel, 1767)
RedList (IUCN): NE
93
Cosmorhoe unidentaria (Haworth, 1809)
Habitat: Oak forest and meadow in open forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
94
Cyclophora linearia (Hübner, 1799)
RedList (IUCN): NE
95
Cyclophora ruficilaria (Hübner et Schiffermüller, 1855)
Habitat: Oak forest, fields
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Demirköy
96
Ennomos quercinaria (Hufnagel, 1767)
Habitat: Oak forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
97
Epirrhoe rivata (Hübner, 1813)
Habitat: Beech forest, herbs in riverine habitats
RedList (IUCN): NE
98
Eupithecia signata (Scopoli, 1763)
Habitat: Pine, oak, beech, and (European) hornbeam forests, and also herbs and scrubs in forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
99
Hydriomena impluviata (Boisduval, 1840)
Habitat: Beech forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
86
100
Idaea aversata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Oak, pine forests, and also herbs and scrubs in forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
101
Idaea determinata (Staudinger, 1876)
Habitat: Flowered herbs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
102
Idaea deversaria (Herrich et Schaffer, 1847)
Habitat: Oak, pine, beech forests, meadow in forest openings
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
103
Idaea dilutaria (Hübner, 1799)
Habitat: Oak forest, flowered herbs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
104
Idaea dimidiata (Hufnagel, 1767)
Habitat: Oak forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
105
Idaea ochrata (Scopoli, 1763)
Habitat: Oak, pine and (European) hornbeam forests, flowered herbs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
106
Idaea politata (Hübner, 1799)
Habitat: Oak, hornbeam forests, meadow in forest openings
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
107
Idaea remutata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Beech forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
108
Lomospilis marginata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Oak and (European) hornbeam forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
109
Lyhtria purpuraria (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Pine, oak, (European) hornbeam forests; meadow in open forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
110
Melanthia procellata (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775)
Habitat: Oak forest, scrubs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Demirköy
87
111
Minoa murinata (Scopoli, 1763)
Habitat: Oak, pine forests and meadow in open forest
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
112
Operoptera brumata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Habitat: Oak and pine forests and also orchards
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
113
Rhodostrophia calabra (Petagna, 1786)
Habitat: Oak forest, thickets
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Demirköy
114
Scopula nigropunctata (Hufnagel, 1767)
Habitat: Oak forests, herbs
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: Sislioba
115
Scopula ornata (Scopoli, 1763)
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
116
Scopula rubiginata (Hufnagel, 1769)
RedList (IUCN): NE
Locality: İğneada
117
Serraca punctinalis (Scopoli, 1763)
Habitat: Stream banks, beech forests
RedList (IUCN): NE
Papilio (s.str.) machaon (By Ahmet Karataş)
Iphiclides podalirius (By Mustafa Sözen)
88
Pieris (s.str.) brassicae (By Mustafa Sözen)
Pieris (Artogeia) rapae (By Ahmet Karataş)
Colias crocea (By Mustafa Sözen)
Cynthia cardui (By Mustafa Sözen)
Callophrys rubi (By Ahmet Karataş)
Argynnis (Fabriciana) adippe (By Ahmet Karataş)
Argynnis (s.str.) paphia (By Ahmet Karataş)
Argynnis (Pandoriana) pandora (By Mustafa Sözen)
89
Chazara briseis (By Ahmet Karataş)
Lasiommata megera (By Ahmet Karataş)
Melitaea cinxia (By Ahmet Karataş)
Melitaea didyma (By Ahmet Karataş)
Polygonia c-album (By Ahmet Karataş)
Maniola jurtina (By Ahmet Karataş)
Coenonympha pamphilus (By Ahmet Karataş)
Celastrina argiolus (By Ahmet Karataş)
90
Satyrium (Nordmannia) ilicis (By Ahmet Karataş)
Heodes (Alciphronia) alciphron (By Ahmet Karataş)
Lycaena (s.str.) phlaeas (By Ahmet Karataş)
Ochlodes venatus (By Ahmet Karataş)
Thymelicus sylvestris (By Ahmet Karataş)
Macroglossum stellatarum (By Ahmet Karataş)
91
ANNEX 6: MARINE FISHES - THREATENED STATUS, COMMERCIAL CATCH RECORDS AND
IMAGES FROM COASTAL REGION OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
Table A6.1 Species inventory, showing source of records and threatened status. (New records are
marked by an asterisk.)
FAMILY
Species
HEXANCHIDAE
Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
SQUALIDAE
Squalus acanthias Linnaeus, 1758
Squalus blainville (Risso, 1827)
SQUATINIDAE
Squatina squatina (Linnaeus, 1758)
GYMNURIDAE
Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus, 1758)
RAJIIDAE
Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758
Dasyatis pastinaca (Linnaeus, 1758)
ACIPENSERIDAE
Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg,
1833
Acipenser nudiventris Lovetzky, 1828
Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771
Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758)
AMMODYTIDAE
Gymnammodytes cicerellus (Rafinesque, 1810)
ANGUILLIDAE
Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
ATHERINIDAE
Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810
Atherina hepsetus Linnaeus, 1758
BALISTIDAE
Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789
BELONIDAE
Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761)
BLENNIIDAE
Aidablennius sphynx (Valenciennes, 1836)
Blennius ocellaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Coryphoblennius galerita (Linnaeus, 1758)
Parablennius incognitus (Bath, 1968)*
Parablennius sanguinolentus (Pallas, 1811)
Parablennius tentacularis (Brünnich, 1768)
Parablennius zvonimiri (Kolombatovic, 1892)*
Salaria pavo (Risso, 1810)*
BOTHIDAE
Arnoglossus kessleri Schmidt, 1915
CALLIONYMIDAE
Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758
Callionymus pusillus Delaroche, 1809
Callionymus risso Lesueur, 1814
CARANGIDAE
Lichia amia (Linnaeus, 1758)
Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1863)
Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)
CENTRACANTHIDAE
Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810
Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758)
Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
CLUPEIDAE
Alosa caspia (Eichwald, 1838)
Alosa fallax (Lacepede, 1803)
Occurrenc
e
1
Record
IUCN, 2009
Global Red List
IUCN, 2007
Regional Red
List
L
NT
NT
VU
VU
A2bd+3bd+4bd
VU A2bd+4bd
EN
EN
L
CR
A2bcd+3d+4bcd
CR
A2bcd+3d+4bcd
L
VU A2bd+4bd
CR A2bcd
TM
BT
L
NT
NT
NT
VU
TM
BT
L
L
L
L
L
EN A2d
EN A1acde+2d
EN A2d
EN A2d
EN A1acde
EN A1acde+2d
EN A1acde+2d
EN A1acde+2d
Bern
Anon. Fricke
Conventio , 1997 , 2007
n
App. III
CR
VU
App. III
App. II, III
VU
CR
CR
CR
CR
L
DD
L
CR
SD
SD
LC
LC
LC
L
TM
L
EN
VU
SD
L
L
SD
SD
SD
SD
SD
VU
VU
EN
NT
VU
LC
VU
VU
VU
VU
EN
BT
NT
L
SD
BT
EN
EN
EN
EN
L
BT
SD
DD
DD
DD
L
L
L
L
L
DD
LC
App. III
VU
VU
RE
CR
92
FAMILY
Species
Occurrenc
e
1
Record
IUCN, 2009
Global Red List
Alosa immaculata (Eichwald, 1838)
Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792)
Sardinella aurita Valenciennes, 1847
Sprattus sprattus (Linnaeus, 1758)
CONGRIDAE
Conger conger (Linnaeus, 1758)
ENGRAULIDAE
Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)
GADIDAE
Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758)
GOBIESOCIDAE
Lepadogaster candolii Risso, 1810
GOBIIDAE
Aphia minuta (Risso, 1810)
Gobius bucchichi Steindachner, 1870
Gobius cobitis Pallas, 1814
Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758
Gobius paganellus Linnaeus, 1758
Mesogobius batrachocephalus (Pallas, 1814)
Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)
Pomatoschistus marmoratus (Risso, 1810)
Pomatoschistus minutus (Pallas, 1770)
LABRIDAE
Coris julis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Ctenolabrus rupestris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Labrus viridisLinnaeus, 1758
Symphodus cinereus (Bonnaterre, 1788)
Symphodus ocellaris (Linnaeus, 1758)
Symphodus roissali (Risso, 1810)
Symphodus rostratus (Bloch, 1797)
Symphodus tinca (Linnaeus, 1758)
LOPHIIDAE
Lophius piscatoriusLinnaeus, 1758
LOTIDAE
Gaidropsarus mediterraneus (Linnaeus, 1758)
MORONIDAE
Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758)
MUGILIDAE
Chelon labrosus (Risso, 1827)
Liza aurata (Risso, 1810)
Liza haematocheila (Temminck & Schlegel,
1845)
Liza ramada (Risso, 1827)
Liza saliens (Risso, 1810)
Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758
MULLIDAE
Mullus barbatus Linnaeus, 1758
Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758
OPHIDIIDAE
Ophidion rochei Müller, 1845
PLEURONECTIDAE
Platichthys flesus Linnaeus, 1758
POMACENTRIDAE
Chromis chromis (Linnaeus, 1758)
POMATOMIDAE
Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766)
SCIAENIDAE
Argyrosomus regius (Asso, 1801)
Sciaena umbra Linnaeus, 1758
Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
SCOMBRIDAE
Euthynnus alleteratus (Rafinesque, 1810)
Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793)
L
L
L
BT
Vulnerable
B2ab(v)
IUCN, 2007
Regional Red
List
Bern
Anon. Fricke
Conventio , 1997 , 2007
n
App. III
L
EN
NT
VU
VU
VU
DD
L
VU
BT
VU
L
LC
L
L
L
BT, SD
SD
BT
BT
SD
L
EN
EN
NT
App. III
SD
L
L
BT, SD
SD
SD
L
SD
VU
VU
DD
LC
NT
LC
VU
DD
DD
NT
NT
NT
DD
EN
LC
LC
LC
VU
LC
L
VU
L
LC
L
VU
L
SD
LC
DD
L
L
L
L
BT, SD
L
VU
LC
LC
LC
EN
NT
NT
L
DD
BT
NT
L
NT
BT
TM
L
L
L
L
L
DD
VU
DD
App. III
App. III
CR
TM
TM
93
FAMILY
Species
Occurrenc
e
1
Record
Scomber colias Gmelin, 1789
Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758
Thunnus thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758)
SCOPHTHALMIDAE
Psetta maeotica (Pallas, 1814)
Scophthalmus rhombus (Linnaeus, 1758)
SCORPAENIDAE
Scorpaena notata Rafinesque, 1810
Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758
SERRANIDAE
Serranus cabrilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758)
SOLEIDAE
Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810)
Pegusa lascaris (Risso, 1810)
SPARIDAE
Boops boops (Linnaeus, 1758)
Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758)
Diplodus annularis (Linnaeus, 1758)
Diplodus puntazzo (Cetti, 1777)
Diplodus sargus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Oblada melanura (Linnaeus, 1758)
Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758)
Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758
Spondyliosoma cantharus (Linnaeus, 1758)
SPHYRAENIDAE
Sphyraena sphyraena (Linnaeus, 1758)
SYNGNATHIDAE
Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier, 1829
Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Nerophis ophidion (Linnaeus, 1758)
Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1827
Syngnathus acus Linnaeus, 1758
Syngnathus schmidti Popov, 1927
Syngnathus tenuirostris Rathke, 1837
Syngnathus typhle Linnaeus, 1758
Syngnathus variegatus Pallas, 1814
TRACHINIDAE
Trachinus draco Linnaeus, 1758
TRIGLIDAE
Aspitrigla cuculus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Chelidonichthys lucernus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758)
TRIPTERYGIIDAE
Tripterygion tripteronotus (Risso, 1810)
URANOSCOPIDAE
Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus, 1758
XIPHIIDAE
Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758
ZEIDAE
Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758
1Occurrence
IUCN, 2009
Global Red List
L
L
L
IUCN, 2007
Regional Red
List
Bern
Anon. Fricke
Conventio , 1997 , 2007
n
EN
EN
DD
BT
L
EN
VU
L
SD
VU
L
L
VU
LC
NT
NT
L
BT
VU
L
L
SD
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
VU
L
L
L
L
SD
BT, SD
L
L
SD
L
VU
VU
CR
VU
VU
LC
VU
LC
VU
LC
NT
VU
NT
VU
NT
VU
DD
DD
App. II
App. II
EN
EN
App. III
NT
VU
BT
EN
EN
DD
DD
NT
DD
DD
NT
DD
VU
L
BT
L
VU
NT
VU
VU
L
VU
BT
VU
L
L
DD
EN
TM
NT
record: – Literature, Bottom Trawl, Skin Diving.
94
Table A6.2 Main species commercially fished in the western Black Sea between 1995 and 2007 (TSI, 2009). Highest catches (in tonnes) are framed for each
species.
Atlantic
Chub
Atlantic
Scorpion
Anchovy
Bluefish
Whiting
Mullets
Turbot
Sharks
Sardines
Sprat
Rays
Bonito
Mackerel
Mackerel
fish
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
103702
81390
43280
32755
16459
42642
86667
101021
79896
92084
4947
29359
52644
5708
5249
2450
8461
4458
6653
5332
3159
3015
2865
30324
7373
1539
3381
2180
1514
1384
1475
2841
6766
12952
11398
10311
12137
3851
2835
9789
4331
6472
4164
4044
9117
2932
2915
2648
2716
1934
1777
2727
1257
1457
1232
1005
1870
1643
779
986
682
676
876
502
787
2006
1414
777
1056
1579
2321
2169
193
126
158
273
266
346
907
836
2203
2376
219
3284
111
37
37
35
30
244
3
1513
1678
1232
553
1461
2330
447
267
155
178
71
93
61
481
949
375
160
297
1911
150
47
65
70
370
197
55
1570
937
468
619
286
540
8
0
0
0
0
32
15
118
102
44
28
51
743
162
135
198
195
107
81
106
57
30
68
75
380
356
81
5
4
7
97
9
2
107
26
5
0
0
73
12
45
40
55
84
45
18
Mean
58988
6660
5617
4274
1058
976
794
772
394
344
159
90
39
95
Annex 7: FRESHWATER FISHES: Images of species identified from Yildiz Mountains
Alosa caspia
Scardinius erytrophthalmus
Salmo trutta
Vimba vimba
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Cobitis taenia
Alburnoides bipunctatus
Gasterosteus aculeatus
Barbus tauricus escherichi
Gambusia affinis
Carassius gibelio
Liza aurata
96
Alburnus chalcoides
Mugil cephalus
Cyprinus carpio
Lepomis gibbosus
Gobio gobio
Neogobius eurycephalus
Squalius cephalus
Neogobius fluviatilis
Petroleuciscus borysthenicus
Phoxinus phoxinus
Proterorhinus marmoratus
Rhodeus amarus
Knipowitschia caucasica
Atherina boyeri
Rutilus rutilus
97
ANNEX 8: HERPETOFAUNA, DORMICE AND BATS: THREATENED STATUS, COMMERCIAL CATCH RECORDS AND IMAGES FROM COASTAL
REGION OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS
Table A8.1
Distribution and conservation status of herpetofauna, dormice and bats recorded in Yildiz Mountains
IUCN, 2006
Species
Family
LR
CR EN VU
Latin name
English name
Turkish name
CD
NT
BERN
End
Ann.-II Ann.-III
DD NE emic
SPFS PFS
LC
Locality Nos
(see Figure 2.4)
AMPHIBIANS
Bufonidae
Ranidae
Hylidae
Pelobatidae
Salamandriade
TURTLES
Testudinidae
Emydidae
LIZARDS
Gekkonidae
Anguidae
Lacertidae
Scincidae
SNAKES
Bufo bufo
Bufo viridis
Rana ridibunda
True toads
European green toad
Marsh frog
Siğilli kurbağa
Gece kurbağası
Ova kurbağası
X
X
X
Rana dalmatina
Agile frog
Çevik kurbağa
X
Hyla arborea
Pelobates syriacus
Pelobates fuscus
Triturus karelini
Triturus vulgaris
Common tree frog
Eastern spadefoot
Common spadefoot
Crested newt
Smooth newt
Ağaç kurbağası
Toprak kurbağası
Trakya toprak kurbağası
Pürtüklü semender
Küçük semender
X
X
X
X
X
Testudo greaca
Spur-thighed Tortoise
Büyük tosbağa
X
Testudo hermanni
Mauremys caspica
Emys orbicularis
Herman's tortoise
Trakya tosbağası
Striped-necked Terrapin Çizgili kaplumbağa
European pond terrapin Benekli kaplumbağa
Crytopodion kotschyi
European Bent-toed
Gecko
Turkish gecko, mischaro
Slow worm
European legless lizard
Green lizard
Balkan green lizard
Meadow lizard
Common wall lizard
Crimean wall lizard
Snake-eyed Lizard,
Field Lizard
Slim lizard
Hemidactylus turcicus
Anguis fragilis
Ophisaurus apodus
Lacerta viridis
Lacerta trilineata
Darevskia praticola
Podarcis muralis
Podarcis tauricus
Ophisops elegans
Ablepharus kitaibelii
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Genişparmaklı keler
Yılan kertenkele
Oluklu kertenkele
Yeşil kertenkele
İriyeşil kertenkele
Çayır kertenkelesi
Duvar kertenkelesi
Trakya kertenkelesi
Tarla kertenkelesi
X
X
X
X
X
X
İnceparmaklı keler
İnce kertenkele
X
X
1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25,
26, 27, 28, 34, 35, 39, 40, 42
1, 4, 6, 9, 21, 22, 37, 40, 45
1, 4, 5, 8, 25, 43, 44, 45, 46
1, 5, 8, 11, 24, 25, 43, 44, 45
42
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
4, 5, 9, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27,
1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 20, 21, 22, 41, 46
1, 4, 5, 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 27, 32,
34, 42, 45
1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 27, 28, 29,
30, 31, 36, 40, 41
1, 4, 5, 6, 22, 23, 41, 44, 45
41
40
4, 5, 6, 24, 43, 44
5, 6, 24, 43, 44, 45
X
14, 24, 42
5, 6, 33, 36, 42, 44,
4, 11, 33, 37, 42
9, 14, 22, 27, 34, 35,42, 44, 45
1, 4, 5, 6, 11, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 33, 35, 42, 43
4, 6, 9, 16, 22, 44, 45
6, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 24, 26, 34, 35
44, 45
1, 2, 5, 6, 11, 22, 42
14, 17, 22, 43, 44
98
IUCN, 2006
Species
Family
LR
CR EN VU
Latin name
Typhlopidae
Colubridae
Viperidae
Thyphlops vermicularis
Coluber caspius
Coluber najadum
Natrix natrix
Natrix tessellata
Elaphe quatuorlineata
Elaphe situla
Elaphe longissima
Coronella austriaca
Eirenis modestus
Vipera ammodytes
Vipera xanthini
DORMICE
Gliridae
Glis glis
English name
Worm snake
Caspian whip snake
Dahls wipe snake
Grass snake
Dice snake
Four-lined Snake
Leopard snake
Aesculapian snake
Smooth snake
Dwarf snake
Transdanubian sand
viper, Horned viper
Rock viper
Fat dormouse, Edible
dormouse
Dryomys nitedula
Forest dormouse
BATS
(*bat species generally seen in forest areas)
Rhinolophidae Rhinolophus blasii
Blasiu’s horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus euryale
Mediterranean horshoe
bat
Rhinolophus
Greater horseshoe bat
ferrumequinum
Rhinolophus hipposideros Lesser horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus mehelyi
Mehaly’s horseshoe bat
Vespertilionidae Myotis alcathoe*
Whiskered bat
Myotis bechsteini*
Bechstein’s bat
Myotis blythi*
Lesser mouse-eared bat
Myotis capaccinii
Long-fingered bat
Myotis daubentoni*
Daubenton’s bat
Myotis emerginatus*
Geoffroy’s bat
Myotis myotis
Greater mouse-eared
bat
Myotis mystacinus
Whiskered bat
Myotis nattereri*
Natterer’s bat
Pipistrellus kuhlii*
Kuhl’s pipistrelle
Pipistrellus nathusii*
Nathusius’ pipistrelle
Pipistrellus pipistrellus*
Common pipistrelle
Pipistrellus pygmaeus*
Pigmy bat
Turkish name
CD
Kör yılan
Hazer yılanı
İnce yılan
Yarısucul yılan
Sucul yılan
Sarı yılan
Ev yılanı
Eskülap yılanı
Avusturya yılanı
Uysal yılan
Boynuzlu engerek
NT
BERN
End
Ann.-II Ann.-III
DD NE emic
SPFS PFS
LC
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
14, 25
1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 18, 21, 22
25, 26
1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 18, 19, 22, 23, 32, 34, 43, 44, 45
2, 4, 5, 6, 18, 19, 24, 32, 43, 44, 45
22, 24, 25, 42
24, 25, 42
24, 25, 42
37, 38
24, 25, 41
4, 5, 6, 19, 21, 22, 35, 42
X
5, 6, 17, 18, 19, 21. 22, 26, 42
X
Şeritli engerek
Locality Nos
(see Figure 2.4)
Yediuyur, kataliks
X
Ağaç faresi, cevizkıran
X
X
1, 4, 5, 7, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 33,
35, 36, 37, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46
4, 33, 35, 42
X
X
X
22, 37, 38, 43
7, 22, 27
X
X
2, 3, 22, 29, 30, 37, 38, 45
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
22, 37
7, 22, 37
14, 20, 38
5, 7, 10, 15, 22, 25, 38
22, 37
22, 30, 31, 35, 37, 45
5, 7, 10, 14, 16, 22, 33, 34, 37, 38
16, 22, 34, 36, 37, 38
22, 37, 38, 46
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
7, 22
22, 24, 25, 38
22, 46
11, 46
1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 12, 22, 24, 37, 38, 39, 42, 46
22, 37, 38, 43
Nalburunlu yarasa
Akdeniz nalburunluyarasası
X
Nalburunlu büyükyarasa
Nalburunlu küçükyarasa
Mehely yarasası
Bıyıklı küçük yarasa
Büyükkulaklı yarasa
Farekulaklı küçük yarasa
Uzunayaklı yarasa
Su yarasası
Kirpikli yarasa
Farekulaklı büyük yarasa
Bıyıklı yarasa
Saçaklı yarasa
Beyazyakalı yarasa
Pürtüklü yarasa
Cüce yarasa
Cüce yarasa
X
X
X
X
X
99
IUCN, 2006
Species
Family
LR
CR EN VU
Latin name
English name
Nyctalus leisleri*
Nyctalus noctula*
Eptesicus serotinus*
Barbastella barbastellus*
Plecotus auritus*
Leisler’s bat
Noctule
Serotine
Barbastelle
Brown long-eared bat
Plecotus austriacus*
Miniopterus schreibersi
Grey lon-eared bat
Schribers’ bat
Turkish name
CD
Küçük akşamcı yarasa
Akşamcı yarasa
Genişkanatlı yarasa
Sakallı yarasa
Kahverengi uzunkulaklı
yarasa
Gri uzunkulaklı yarasa
Uzunkanatlı yarasa
NT
BERN
End
Ann.-II Ann.-III
DD NE emic
SPFS PFS
LC
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Locality Nos
(see Figure 2.4)
X
X
X
X
X
22, 37
5, 7, 8, 14, 23, 37
22
10, 22, 38
22, 38
X
X
12, 24, 38
5, 22, 31
LEGEND BERN (Bern Convention)
ANNEX II – SPFS:
Strictly Protected Fauna Species
ANNEX III – PFS:
Protected Fauna Species
IUCN Threatened Species Categories: ENdangered, VUlnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern, Data Deficient, Not Evaluated
Table A8.2
Field notebook for herpetofauna
Head and body (HB):
Shell width:
Tail (T):
Scale:
Weight (W):
Method of capture:
Sex (S):
Colour:
Features of habitat:
Shell length:
Features of sample:
Locality:
Temperature:
Date:
Coordinates:
Explanation:
100
Table A8.3
Field notebook for dormice
No
Species
Date
Localities
TB
(mm)
TB
(mm)
Tail
(mm)
Hf
(mm)
Ear
(mm)
W
(gr)
Features
2002/8 ♀KP
Adult
Glis glis
28/07/2009
Demirköy/KIRKLARELİ
242
130
112
27,4
16,3
52
Nestboxes
2002/9 ♂KP
Adult
Glis glis
28/07/2009
Kastro/Kıyıköy/Vize/KIRKLARELİ
259
135
124
26,5
17
52
Live trap
Table A8.4
Locality
Habitat
Cave
Altitudes
Features of
localities
Beech forest
35 566178 D
4627155 N
0
251 m 20 C
Quercus + beech
forest
35 566178 E
4627155 N
0
251 m 23 C
Field notebook for bats
Güneşli Göller, Bıçkı Stream Demirköy / KIRKLARELİ
Mixed forest, stream
200 m
No
Species
1- 2006/42 Myotis
bechsteinii
Sex
♀
FA
43,2
HBY
52
Tail
43
Ear
24,5
0
Temperature
Date
Hour
Researchers
Wsp
291
W
9
PhI
10,7
PhIIVI
10,6
14 C
06.09.2008
20:30
B. ÖZKAN, S. PAKSUZ
PhIII
64
PhIV1
9,2
PhIV2
-
PhV
55
Hf
10,6
35 566096 E
4627339 N
200 m.
Tibia
21,4
Trg Not
12 Mark:
NMNH-SOFIA
A04048
234-
-2006/42 ♀ : Myotis bechsteinii : Radiotracked
-The radiotracked individual was catched in the following day in a hole of a beech tree at 6 meters height in a place 1.2 km northeast from the
radiotracking point. 35 566178 E 4627155 N 251 m
101
Photos taken during herperofauna, dormice and tree-dwelling bat survey
(Number in brackets indicates the locality as in given in Table A.8.1.)
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
ANNEX 9: SMALL
AND LARGE MAMMALS
- TRAP
RECORDS, THREATENED STATUS, AND
IMAGES
Table A9.1
Records of small mammal specimens caught in traps over 3-4 consecutive days
Trap
Northing
Location No
Easting
1. Longose / Mert lake (19 - 22 Temmuz)
134
41.86016
020.95421
135
41.86024
027.95415
136
41.86029
027.95406
137
41.86036
027.95397
138
41.86050
027.95389
139
41.86054
027.95384
140
41.86064
027.95391
141
41.86070
027.95390
142
41.86084
027.95394
143
41.86097
027.95405
144
41.86109
027.95407
145
41.86119
027.95412
146
41.86124
027.95125
147
41.86130
027.95432
148
41.86137
027.95453
149
41.86140
027.95464
150
41.86140
027.95471
151
41.86156
027.95487
152
41.86163
027.95433
153
41.86166
027.95510
154
41.86172
027.95517
155
41.86180
027.95530
156
41.86185
027.95556
157
41.86184
027.95577
158
41.86188
027.95584
159
41.86180
027.95587
160
41.86185
027.95606
161
41.86199
027.95620
162
41.86199
027.95629
163
41.86204
027.95642
164
41.86313
027.95650
165
41.86223
027.95661
166
41.86225
027.95675
167
41.86231
027.95684
168
41.86235
027.95684
169
41.86235
027.95690
170
41.86238
027.95712
171
41.86238
027.95735
172
41.86238
027.95752
173
41.86242
027.95758
174
41.86245
027.95770
175
41.86245
027.95778
176
41.86243
027.95785
177
41.86245
027.95794
178
41.86253
027.95814
179
41.86261
027.95821
180
41.86267
027.95826
181
41.86277
027.95841
182
41.86281
027.95858
183
41.86282
027.95858
184
41.86292
027.95879
185
41.86301
027.95895
186
41.86313
027.95906
187
41.86327
027.95910
188
41.86332
027.95914
189
41.86337
027.95916
190
41.86351
027.95915
191
41.86362
027.95925
192
41.86365
027.95934
193
41.86371
027.95942
194
41.86382
027.95960
195
41.86392
027.95966
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
Empty
Neomys
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
4th day
129
Trap
Northing
Location No
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
41.86396
41.86407
41.86422
41.86428
41.86441
41.86456
41.86463
41.86469
41.86473
41.86484
41.86491
41.86496
41.86499
41.86510
41.86511
41.86523
41.86528
41.86532
41.86534
41.86544
41.86555
41.86557
41.86562
41.86563
41.86564
41.86565
41.86569
41.86576
41.86574
41.86570
41.86555
Easting
027.95976
027.95988
027.95998
027.95999
027.95002
027.96008
027.96014
027.96022
027.96026
027.96028
027.96035
027.96043
027.96052
027.96056
027.96057
027.96043
027.96027
027.96004
027.96001
027.95991
027.95974
027.95973
027.95963
027.95951
027.95935
027.95922
027.95913
027.95904
027.95897
027.95885
027.95872
Totals
2. Open area inside forest / Dupnisa
Cave
227
41.84097
027.55745
228
41.84086
027.55748
229
41.84068
027.55758
230
41.84063
027.55759
231
41.84057
027.55767
232
41.84046
027.55769
233
41.84034
027.55769
234
41.84022
027.55768
235
41.84026
027.55781
236
41.84007
027.55781
237
41.84000
027.55789
238
41.83992
027.5593
239
41.83982
027.55799
240
41.83973
027.55807
241
41.83962
027.55816
242
41.83953
027.55821
243
41.83944
027.55830
244
41.83936
027.55835
245
41.83940
027.55848
246
41.83949
027.55854
247
41.83958
027.55882
248
41.83963
027.55867
249
41.83959
027.55851
250
41.83953
027.55832
251
41.83898
027.55824
252
41.84005
027.55742
253
41.84005
027.55745
254
41.84011
027.55743
255
41.84013
027.55750
256
41.84016
027.55756
257
41.84017
027.55759
258
41.84033
027.55760
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Crocidura
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius 19
Apodemus flavicollis 15
Crocidura 1
Neomys 1
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Apodemus agrarius
Apodemus agrarius
Empty
Empty
23.07.2009
24.07.2009
25.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
stolen
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
4th day
130
Trap
Northing
Location No
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
41.84035
41.84045
41.84052
41.84059
41.84061
41.84065
41.84073
41.84075
41.84081
41.84084
41.84086
41.84099
41.84103
41.84106
41.84103
41.84108
41.84113
41.84112
41.84115
41.84118
41.84132
41.84132
41.84128
41.84126
41.84137
41.84151
41.84161
41.84168
41.84177
41.84182
41.84179
41.84171
41.84165
41.84156
41.84150
41.84139
41.84135
41.84132
41.84128
41.84116
41.84105
41.84096
41.84088
41.84076
41.84066
41.84056
41.84049
41.84039
41.84032
41.84025
41.84016
41.84006
41.84008
41.84014
41.84021
41.84028
41.84032
41.84040
41.84076
41.83954
Easting
027.55759
027.55755
027.55749
027.55730
027.55727
027.55726
027.55722
027.55717
027.55719
027.55716
027.55717
027.55719
027.55725
027.55725
027.55735
027.55746
027.55757
027.55763
027.55769
027.55772
027.55762
027.55752
027.55748
027.55738
027.55735
027.55727
027.55726
027.55727
027.55733
027.55739
027.55751
027.55765
027.55770
027.55774
027.55773
027.55771
027.55766
027.55782
027.55794
027.55802
027.55809
027.55811
027.55814
027.55801
027.55805
027.55809
027.55818
027.55816
027.55819
027.55819
027.55812
027.55804
027.55796
027.55795
027.55796
027.55787
027.55780
027.55778
027.55754
027.55867
Totals
3. Avcılar village / agriculrural field
319
41.89450
027.88462
320
41.89477
027.88458
321
41.89499
027.88448
322
41.89513
027.88439
323
41.89530
027.88420
324
41.89543
027.88395
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
Micotus guentheri
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
26.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
27.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
Microtus guentheri
Microtus guentheri
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
stolen
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
28.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
29.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
131
Trap
Northing
Location No
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
41.89555
41.89567
41.89571
41.89573
41.89566
41.89555
41.89559
41.89560
41.89552
41.89539
41.89540
41.89549
41.89559
41.89553
41.89550
41.89565
41.89580
41.89590
41.89597
41.89608
41.89618
41.89628
41.89634
41.89649
41.89658
41.89660
41.89657
41.89656
41.89669
41.89672
41.89665
41.89665
41.89665
41.89666
41.89674
41.89661
41.89660
41.89651
41.89626
41.89613
41.89617
41.89626
41.89631
41.89647
41.89649
41.89637
41.89620
41.89610
41.89595
41.89582
41.89568
41.89557
41.89555
41.89553
41.89543
41.89534
41.89515
41.89528
41.89521
41.89511
41.89504
41.89494
41.89479
41.89486
41.89487
41.89488
41.89480
41.89491
41.89503
Easting
027.88376
027.88349
027.88338
027.88308
027.88279
027.88258
027.88246
027.88230
027.88206
027.88174
027.88157
027.88148
027.88139
027.88128
027.88110
027.88117
027.88115
027.88123
027.88128
027.88138
027.88140
027.88149
027.88167
027.88175
027.88183
027.88198
027.88211
027.88233
027.88248
027.88265
027.88282
027.88298
027.88313
027.88225
027.88346
027.88381
027.88382
027.88392
027.88403
027.88391
027.88419
027.88427
027.88455
027.88472
027.88491
027.88493
027.88494
027.88494
027.88493
027.88490
027.88490
027.88492
027.88511
027.88510
027.88515
027.88519
027.88526
027.88527
027.88532
027.88537
027.88536
027.88538
027.88536
027.88552
027.88567
027.88588
027.88588
027.88626
027.88642
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
4th day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
132
Trap
Northing
Location No
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
41.89521
41.89523
41.89527
41.89524
41.89518
41.89507
41.89500
41.89487
41.89474
41.89472
41.89471
41.89471
41.89459
41.89460
41.89460
41.89461
Easting
027.88652
027.88657
027.88665
027.88672
027.88685
027.88690
027.88691
027.88684
027.88683
027.88667
027.88652
027.88635
027.88585
027.88579
027.88572
027.88562
Totals
4. Sislioba village / Oak - Beech Forest
420
41.97073
027.93144
421
41.97073
027.93141
422
41.97088
027.93146
423
41.97095
027.93147
424
41.97110
027.93146
425
41.97110
027.93152
426
41.97111
028.93150
427
41.97112
027.93150
428
41.97120
027.93154
429
41.97132
027.93159
430
41.97144
028.93159
431
41.97163
027.93156
432
41.97161
027.93163
433
41.97171
027.93161
434
41.97176
027.93166
435
41.97194
027.93155
436
41.97207
027.93151
437
41.97213
027.93131
438
41.97219
027.93135
439
41.97230
027.93119
440
41.97232
027.93133
441
41.97242
027.93140
442
41.97245
027.93140
443
41.97250
027.93138
444
41.97255
027.93134
445
41.97266
027.93129
446
41.97282
027.93125
447
41.97289
027.93125
448
41.97284
027.93122
449
41.97301
027.93115
450
41.97305
027.93094
451
41.97338
027.93098
452
41.97333
027.93084
453
41.97342
027.93086
454
41.97342
027.93086
455
41.97342
027.93081
456
41.97395
027.93025
457
41.97370
027.93056
458
41.97377
027.93052
459
41.97387
027.93040
460
41.97403
027.93037
461
41.97408
027.93041
462
41.97409
027.93046
463
41.97420
027.93052
464
41.97423
027.93053
465
41.97424
027.93052
466
41.97429
027.93046
467
41.97430
027.93045
468
41.97437
027.93038
469
41.97437
027.93041
1st day
2nd day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Apodemus flavicollis .3
30.07.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Erinaceus concolor
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Microtus guentheri
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
31.07.2009
01.08.2009
02.08.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
3rd day
4th day
133
Trap
Northing
Location No
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
41.97436
41.97435
41.97441
41.97446
41.97491
41.974888
41.97486
41.97486
41.97488
41.97495
41.97503
41.97506
41.97506
41.97508
41.97507
41.97508
41.97514
41.97503
41.97520
41.97463
41.97482
41.97480
41.97475
41.97476
41.97461
41.97453
41.97447
41.97438
41.97432
41.97429
41.97427
41.97419
41.97402
41.97393
41.97392
41.97391
41.97388
41.97380
41.97380
41.97382
41.97379
Easting
027.93045
027.93044
027.93035
027.93033
027.92984
027.92981
027.92478
027.92958
027.92960
027.92952
027.92942
027.92933
027.92929
027.92921
027.92916
027.92901
027.92884
027.92851
027.92831
027.92858
027.92833
027.92828
027.92821
027.92818
027.92828
027.92835
027.92839
027.92841
027.92842
027.92852
027.92852
027.92863
027.92871
027.92876
027.92878
027.92878
027.92885
027.92895
027.92897
027.92902
027.92910
Totals
5. İğneada – Demirköy Pine plantation
511
41.85906
027.87571
512
41.85891
027.87580
513
41.85894
027.87592
514
41.85883
027.87605
515
41.85874
027.87624
516
41.85867
027.87626
517
41.85850
027.87659
518
41.85848
027.87630
519
41.85840
027.87629
520
41.85826
027.87632
521
41.85831
027.87646
522
41.85813
027.87654
523
41.85792
027.87657
524
41.85778
027.87665
525
41.85765
027.87671
526
41.85760
027.87674
527
41.85752
027.87678
528
41.85741
027.87684
529
41.85731
027.87684
530
41.85711
027.87692
531
41.85706
027.87685
532
41.85691
027.87680
533
41.85683
027.87672
534
41.85672
027.87664
535
41.85667
027.87659
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Erinaceus concolor 1
03.08.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Glis glis
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
Glis glis 1
05.08.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
04.08.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
4th day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
06.08.2009
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
134
Trap
Northing
Location No
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
Totals
41.85670
41.85673
41.85678
41.85688
41.85695
41.85705
41.85718
41.85730
41.85741
41.85749
41.85759
41.85769
41.85779
41.85789
41.85798
41.85803
41.85806
41.85818
41.85832
41.85847
41.85851
41.85856
41.85865
41.85883
41.85889
41.85899
41.85905
41.85910
41.85912
41.85915
41.85920
41.85921
41.85925
41.85930
41.85937
41.85940
41.85941
41.85943
41.85944
41.85954
41.85976
41.85975
41.85971
41.85972
41.85971
41.85968
41.85968
41.85960
41.85955
41.85950
41.85947
41.85949
41.85946
41.85942
41.85942
41.85939
41.85936
41.85933
41.85946
41.85946
41.85955
41.85958
41.85957
41.85951
41.85922
Easting
027.87640
027.87630
027.87621
027.87614
027.87609
027.87608
027.87603
027.87606
027.87603
027.87604
027.87606
027.87606
027.87605
027.87601
027.87598
027.87592
027.87590
027.87587
027.87587
027.87572
027.87570
027.87563
027.87556
027.87549
027.87541
027.87536
027.87530
027.87521
027.87501
027.87484
027.87468
027.87452
027.87442
027.87431
027.87418
027.87405
027.87385
027.87371
027.87359
027.87346
027.87339
027.87350
027.87359
027.87364
027.87375
027.87383
027.87396
027.87411
027.87424
027.87440
027.87453
027.87462
027.87481
027.87491
027.87508
027.87515
027.87530
027.87547
027.87554
027.87554
027.87567
027.87582
027.87594
027.87599
027.87629
1st day
2nd day
3rd day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
4th day
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
empty
16
135
Table A9.2 Distribution and conservation status of small and large mammals recorded in Yildiz Mountains
Species
Family
INSECTIVORA
Erinaceidae
Talpidae
Soricidae
LAGOMORPHA
Leporidae
RODENTIA
Sciuridae
Cricetidae
Muridae
CARNIVORA
Canidae
Turkish name
English name
IUCN, 2006
Latin name
EN VU NT LC
Erinaceus concolor
Talpa europaea
Talpa ceaca
Sorex minutus
Sorex araneus
Neomys anomalus
Crocidura suaveolens
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Kirpi
Köstebek
Akdeniz Köstebeği
Sivriburunlu Cücefare
Orman Sivriburunfaresi
Sivriburunlu Bataklıkfaresi
Küçük Sivriburunlu
Bahçefaresi
Sivriburunlu Bahçefaresi
Eastern hedgehog
Common mole
Blind mole
Pigmy shrew
Common shrew
Miller’s water shrew
Lesser white-toothed shrew
Bi-colored white-toothed shrew Crocidura leucodon
Yabani Tavşan
Brown hare
Avrupa Sincabı
Su Sıçanı
Akdeniz tarla faresi
Küçük Oyucufare
Uzun kuyruklu çayır faresi
Hasat Faresi
Orman Faresi
Çizgili Orman Faresi
BERN
Ann.-II Ann.-III
SPFS
PFS
Localities
X
X
Velika, Mert, Fidanlık, Arnavutdere, Balaban, Dupnisa
Mert, Fidanlık, Velika, Pedina, Kıyıköy
İğneada
İğneada, Sivriler
İğneada, Demirköy, Longos
Mert, Dupnisa
İğneada, Velika, Saka
X
X
İğneada, Demirköy, Longos, Sivriler, Kıyıköy
Lepus europaeus
X
X
iğneada, Fidanlık, Demirköy, Dupnisa
Red squirrel
Water vole
Gunther’s vole
Common pine vole
Sibling vole
Harvest Mouse
Yellow-necked mouse
Striped field Mouse
Sciurus vulgaris
Arvicola terrestris
Microtus guentheri
Microtus subterraneus
Microtus rossiaemeridionalis
Micromys minutus
Apodemus agrarius
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Ev Sıçanı
Black rat, Ship rat
Rattus rattus
X
Göçmen Sıçan
Makedonya Ev Faresi
Brown rat
Balkan short-tailed Mouse
Rattus norvegicus
Mus macedonicus
X
Ev faresi
Yediuyur, Kataliks
Western house mouse
Edible dormouse
Forest dormouse
Mus domesticus
Glis glis
Dryomys nitedula
X
X
X
Velika, Demirköy, Fidanlık, Sivriler, Kıyıköy, Dereköy
Mert, erikli
around Dupnisa Cave, Avclar Village
Longoz, Velika,
Longos, Velika, İğneada
Mert, erikli
Proje alanındaki tüm orman
İğneada, Longos, Fidanlık, Panayır iskelesi, Kıyıköy,
Sislioba
İğneada, Dupnisa, Longos, Fidanlık, Panayır iskelesi,
Kıyıköy
İğneada, Çavuşdere, Dupnisa, Kıyıköy, Saka
İğneada, Longos, Fidanlık, Panayır iskelesi, Kıyıköy,
Sislioba
İğneada, Demirköy, Fidanlık, Sivriler
Proje alanındaki tüm orman
İğneada, Demirköy, Haman, Fidanlık, Velika, Kıyıköy
Kurt
Çakal
Tilki
Wolf
Golden jackal
Red fox
Canis lupus
Canis aureus
Vulpes vulpes
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Sivriler, Bulanıkdere
İğneada, Kıyıköy
İğneada, Demirköy, Velika, Dupnisa, Dereköy, Limanköy,
Longos
136
Species
Family
Turkish name
Mustelidae
Felidae
English name
IUCN, 2006
Latin name
EN VU NT LC
BERN
Ann.-II Ann.-III
SPFS
PFS
Kaya Sansarı
Ağaç sansarı
Porsuk
Su Samuru
Gelincik
Kokarca
Alaca Kokarca
Yaban Kedisi
Beach marten, Stone marten
Pine marten
Badger
Otter
Weasel
Western polecat
Marbled polecat
Wildcat
Martes foina
Martes martes
Meles meles
Lutra lutra
Mustela nivalis
Mustela putorius
Vormela peregusna
Felis silvestris
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Yaban Domuzu
Kızıl Geyik
Karaca
Wild boar
Red deer
Roe deer
Sus scrofa
Cervus elaphus
Capreolus capreolus
X
X
X
X
Yunus
Afalina
Common dolphin
Bottlenose dolphin
Delphinus delphis
Tursiops truncatus
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Localities
Demirköy, Velika, İğneada, Çavuş dere, Dereköy
Demirköy, Velika, İğneada, Dereköy
Fidanlık, İğneada, Dereköy
Mert, Velika, Bulanıkdere, Denizgölü
İğneada, Limanköy, Dereköy, Demirköy
Demirköy, Velika, İğneada
İğneada
İğneada, Demirköy, Velika, Dupnisa, Dereköy, Longos,
Kıyıköy
ARTIODACTYLA
CETACEA
Delphinidae
LEGEND BERN (Bern Convention)
IUCN Threatened Species Categories:
X
Longos, Demirköy, Dupnisa, Dereköy, Kıyıköy
Sivriler, Sisiloba
İğneada, Dereköy
İğneada, Panayır iskelesi
İğneada, Panayır iskelesi, Kıyıköy
ANNEX II – SPFS:
Strictly Protected Fauna Species
ANNEX III – PFS:
Protected Fauna Species
ENdangered, VUlnerable, Near Threatened, Least Concern
137
Photos of some mammals recorded in the Project
Apodemus flavicollis (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Apodemus agrarius (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Turciops truncatus (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Crocidura sp. (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Neomys sp.(Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Glis glis (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Microtus guentheri (Photo Faruk Çolak)
Talpa sp. (Photo Ahmet Karataş)
138
Erinaceus concolor (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Lepus europaeus (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Tursiops truncatus (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
139
Capreolus capreolus (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Canis aureus (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Vormela peregusna (Photo Ahmet Karataş)
Vulpes vulpes (Photo Ahmet Karataş)
140
Meles meles (Photo Mustafa Sözen)
Crocidura suaveolens (Photo Ahmet Karataş)
Cervus elaphus (Photo Ahmet Karataş)
Felis silvestris (Photo Mustafa Erturhan)
141
YILDIZ MOUNTAINS BIOSPHERE PROJECT
REPORT SERIES
No.4: Fauna of Yildiz Mountains

No.4: F No.4: FAUNA OF YILDIZ MOUNTAINS

Transkript

Benzer belgeler

Abdulbaki YILDIZ

RENOVATION WORKS OF DEREKÖY NATURE CONSERVATION

A) Complete the dialogues with the Present Simple, the Present

Letter of Acceptance - INT

to the sponsorship file

indir