ruhsal konum ve yetki

Transkript

ruhsal konum ve yetki
 JOHN BEVERE
KORKUNUN GÜCÜNÜ KIRMAK
Breaking Intimidation by JohnBevere, Turkish
© 2012 Messenger International
www.MessengerInternational.org
Originally published in English as Breaking Intimidation
Additional resources in Turkish by John & Lisa Bevere
are available for free download at:
www.CloudLibrary.org
To contact the author: [email protected]
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© 2012 Messenger International
www.MessengerInternational.org
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